Leisure Activities For Children Research Articles

영유아를 둔 맞벌이 엄마의 여가 제약 경험에 관한 근거이론 연구

This study aims to comprehensively approach and understand the leisure activity experiences of working mothers with infants or toddlers, focusing on the changes and challenges that occur in their leisure time during the period of childbirth and caregiving. The sample for this study consisted of working mothers with infants and toddlers (under six years old), selected through theoretical sampling based on previous research. Data were collected from 14 participants through in-depth interviews, and the collected data underwent continuous expert review throughout the analysis process. Content analysis revealed 133 concepts, 31 subcategories, and 10 supercategories, leading to the development of a paradigm model. The causal conditions identified were 'absolute leisure constraints' and 'emotional changes after childbirth,' with the contextual condition being 'roles assigned in modern society.' The central phenomena were identified as 'expansion of passive leisure activities' and 'children's leisure activities becoming my leisure activities,' while the mediating condition was 'tolerance of leisure constraints.' The action/interaction strategies were 'leisure constraint negotiation' and 'changes in leisure activities,' leading to outcomes of 'second identity formation' and 'acceptance.' The core category of selective coding was defined as 'transition from a new mother to a true mother.' This study provides theoretical implications as a foundational analysis of the leisure constraints and experiences encountered by mothers of young children, as well as policy and practical implications that can inform the development of leisure policies aimed at encouraging childbirth among mothers with young children.

What are the important factors influencing the physical activity level of junior high school students: a cross-sectional survey.

Engaging in regular physical activity has been consistently linked to improved physical health and academic performance. Despite its known benefits, there is a concerning trend of decreased physical activity among children globally. The study primarily aims to investigate the level of physical activity among junior high school students in Taiyuan and analyse the main affecting factors from a socio-ecological perspective. A cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 650 junior high school students from 7 schools in Taiyuan, and 648 valid questionnaires were ultimately collected. The data on students' physical activity levels were collected through the Children's Leisure Activities Study Survey Questionnaire, and the data on factors affecting students' physical activity were collected through the Student Perceived Factors Affecting Physical Activity Questionnaire. In this study, students from the 7th, 8th, and 9th grades participated in physical activities, averaging 214.500 min per week in moderate-intensity and 25.000 min in high-intensity activities, cumulatively averaging 280.000 min weekly. Notably, a significant disparity (p = 0.012) was observed in the combined duration of moderate and high-intensity activities, with male students engaging more time compared to their female counterparts (307.500 vs. 255.000 min). This variance extended across different grades, particularly evident in 8th graders who recorded the highest weekly high-intensity activity duration (31.000 min) and overall physical activity time (320.500 min), surpassing the 7th graders(p = 0.007 for high-intensity activities). Furthermore, an exploratory factor analysis of a 32-item questionnaire, designed to identify determinants of physical activity, revealed six principal components. These components were found to positively correlate with both moderate and high-intensity physical activities. Results emphasize that educational institutions and community programs should collaborate to offer engaging weekend physical activity programs. Schools should develop and implement tailored physical education curricula addressing gender and grade differences. Furthermore, schools and local governments should invest in high-quality sports equipment and facilities.

Pioneer camps as a form of organizing cultural and recreational leisure for children in 1954-1964. (based on the materials of the Karaganda region)

The article examines the multifaceted functionality of pioneer camps organized on the territory of Central Kazakhstan. An important component of the Soviet state's social policy was the development of cultural and leisure activities for children. Pioneer organizations were an important tool for the implementation of this function, designed to educate children in responsibility to society, to help the school prepare pioneers for the conscious and creative fulfillment of their duties. Thus, there was a synthesis of the activities of the school and the pioneer organization, in which the former acted as the implementer of the educational component, and the pioneer organization – the educational one. As a result of such complementarity, a comprehensively developed generation of Soviet children was formed, capable in the future of fully conforming to the propagandized image of "homo soveticus" ("Soviet man"), capable in the future of becoming the foundation of socialism under construction. The focus of the pioneer organization was the task of developing a socialist attitude to study, work and social work, which meant the incorporation of values such as indifference, collectivism, an active or active attitude to life. It was the pioneer movement that became the fundamental catalyst for the formation of pioneer camps, which were a place of ideological and political education of the younger generation throughout the territory of the Soviet Union.

Health-related quality of life of children from low-income families: the new patterns study

BackgroundChild poverty has been gradually rising, and about 12% of all Norwegian children are living in a state of relative poverty. This study was part of the New Patterns project, which recruits low-income families requiring long-term welfare services. Included families receive integrated welfare services, with the help of a family coordinator. The current study objectives were to explore the associations between HRQoL, demographic variables (age, gender, immigration status) and leisure activities in children and adolescents in low-income families.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted among low-income families. Participating families had children (N = 214) aged 8–18 years.The family had a household income below 60% of the equivalized median population income for three consecutive years and needed long-term welfare services. HRQoL was measured using the KIDSCREEN-27 self-report instrument. Descriptive statistics, including means, standard deviations, and proportions, were calculated, and ordinary least squares regressions were performed, clustering standard errors at the family level.ResultsCompared with boys, girls reported lower HRQoL on only one out of five dimensions, physical wellbeing. In the regression analysis we found statistically significant positive associations between migrant status and HRQoL on all five dimensions: physical wellbeing, psychological wellbeing, parents and autonomy, peers and social support, and school environment. In addition, age was associated with school environment, and age, gender and participation in leisure activities was associated with better physical wellbeing.ConclusionsBaseline results regarding HRQoL among children and adolescents in low-income families indicate that they have overall good HRQoL, though some participants had low HRQoL scores, especially on the physical and social support dimensions. Children with an immigrant background report higher HRQoL than do children without an immigrant background.

Organized physical activity and sedentary behaviors in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder, cerebral palsy, and intellectual disability.

There is little data on physical activity (PA), organized PA (OPA), and sedentary behaviors in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and other neurodevelopmental disorders in developing countries. To examine OPA, non-OPA, and sedentary behaviors and their associated factors in children and adolescents with ASD, cerebral palsy (CP), and intellectual disability (ID). A total of 1020 children and adolescents with ASD, CP, and ID were assessed regarding the child and family information as well as the Children's Leisure Activities Study Survey. The results showed that the OPA level was significantly lower than non-OPA in all groups. Furthermore, the OPA level was significantly lower in the CP group compared to ASD and ID groups (P < 0.001). Also, moderate (P < 0.001), vigorous (P < 0.05), and total (P < 0.001) physical activity levels were significantly different between all three groups, with the values being higher in the ASD group compared to the other two. The mean of the total sedentary behavior duration in the ASD group (1819.4 min/week, SD: 1680) was significantly lower than in the CP group (2687 min/week, SD: 2673) (P = 0.007) but not ID group (2176 min/week, SD: 2168.9) (P = 0.525). Our findings remark on the participation rate of PA, OPA, and sedentary behaviors of children and adolescents with ASD, CP, and ID in a developing country. In contrast, the need for developing standards of PA/OPA participation in neurodevelopmental disorders is discussed.

The influence of neighborhood built environment on school-age children's outdoor leisure activities and obesity: a case study of Shanghai central city in China.

The aim of this study was to examine the influencing pathways of the neighborhood built environment on children's outdoor leisure activities and obesity. A total of 378 elementary school students from 10 schools in central Shanghai were selected by a convenient sampling method for questionnaire survey and accelerometer tracking. 1) The neighborhood built environment could affect children's obesity not only through direct effect (β = 0.15, p < 0.05), but also through the mediating effect of outdoor leisure activities (β = 0.19, p < 0.05). 2) For boys, the neighborhood built environment could affect children's obesity not only through direct effect (β = 0.17, p < 0.05), but also through the mediating effect of outdoor leisure activities (β = 0.26, p < 0.05). For girls, the neighborhood built environment could affect children's obesity only through the mediating effect of outdoor leisure activities (β = 0.13, p < 0.05). The neighborhood built environment and outdoor leisure activities are important influencing factors in children's obesity. The neighborhood built environment and outdoor leisure activities could have direct and indirect effects on children's obesity, while there are gender differences in the influencing pathways of the neighborhood built environment on children's obesity. This study suggests that improving the neighborhood built environment and promoting outdoor leisure activities in children have important value for influencing children's obesity.

I Would Like to Do It Very Much! Leisure Participation Patterns and Determinants of Brazilian Children and Adolescents With Physical Disabilities.

To describe the patterns, preferences, and predictors of participation in leisure activities of children and young people with physical disabilities from Brazil. This is a cross-sectional study that included 50 children/young people with physical disabilities from the southeast of Brazil. The children were assessed using the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment and Preferences for Activities. Children/young people participated in an average of 38% of the activities, with a greater number and frequency of informal, recreational, social, and self-improvement activities. The average frequency of participation in the activities was twice in the previous 4 months. The enjoyment in the participated activities was high. There was a greater preference for recreational, social, and physical activities. Age and functional classification were predictors of participation. This study of children with disabilities from the southeast of Brazil supports studies in other low- and middle-income countries, demonstrating low diversity and intensity of participation in leisure activities, but with high levels of enjoyment.

Relationship Between School Environment and Occupations of Play, Leisure, and Sleep in Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract Date Presented 04/01/2022 Our study evaluated how changes in school environment resulting from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affected the occupations of sleep, play, and leisure in school-age children. We surveyed parents about their children’s occupations at the onset of the 2020-2021 school year. Survey results showed that instruction type affected play and some leisure activities of children. The data indicate effects on occupational engagement related to changes in school environment, with potential long-term impacts on child development. Primary Author and Speaker: Sophia Bertrand Additional Authors and Speakers: Meaghan Murray Contributing Authors: Ann E. Millard, Anne Pleva, Samuel T. Nemanich

Screen Time and Mental Health Among Adolescents: Implications of the Rise in Digital Environment in South Africa.

The rise in use of digital technology among adolescents is unquestionable, with few studies having explored the effect of screen time on mental or behavior challenges in sub-Saharan Africa. We investigated the extent of screen time and its associations with mental/behavior challenges in South Africa. A multisite study was conducted among adolescents aged 15 to 17 years from three government schools in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. Measures included depressive symptoms (using Patient Health Questionnaire-9), behavioral problems (using Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire), and screen time (using Children's Leisure Activities Study Survey). The prevalence of severe depressive symptoms, conduct features, and negative prosocial behavior was 11.2% (n = 20), 13.6% (n = 25), and 4.9% (n = 9), respectively. The mean screen time was 2.1 h/d (SD = 2.4) during weekday and 4.7 h/d (SD = 5.5) during weekend. Weekend screen time was significantly associated with a greater likelihood of severe depression and conduct challenges, based on multivariable regression. We also found that greater weekend cell phone use was significantly associated with lower prosocial behavior. No role of weekday screen time was detected in this study. Parents or legal guardians need to be aware of their children's weekend screen time, including cell phones, as access to digital devices becomes more ubiquitous in resource-limited settings.

Physical activity levels of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities in Northern China.

Limited research has looked at the physical activity (PA) among Chinese children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities. The Children's Leisure Activities Study Survey-Chinese version was applied in evaluating PA levels among children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities. The data indicated that only 29.5% of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities met the PA recommendation. Boys engaged in significantly more MVPA and had higher energy expenditure than girls during weekdays and the whole week. The general trend in PA levels demonstrated a downtrend with the growth of age of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities. The students aged 6-12 years old performed more MVPA and had greater energy expenditure compared with those 13-15 and 16-18 years old. The level of PA among Chinese children and youths with intellectual disabilities is remarkably low, and there is a large gap compared with the PA recommendation.

“I Say I Work at the University:” Norwegian Professors and Passing as Interaction Ritual

This paper extends the study of passing to a privileged identity. From qualitative interviews, we examine Norwegian professors' everyday self‐presentation. When in new encounters, like meeting other parents through their children's leisure activities, our respondents' leave their occupation and especially title undisclosed before cautiously negotiating possible disclosure. The existing literature mostly highlights passing that happens for self‐protection. While (soft) self‐protection is one concern for professors, they also pass for additional reasons: protecting interactants from insecurity or discomfort and preventing imbalance and “fuss.” Theoretically, we combine Goffman's treatise of passing with interaction ritual and facework. We discuss whether this analytical model may also help clarify instances of stigma passing and consider the consequences of privilege passing for social inequality.

Leisure Activities of Children with Intellectual Disabilities

Leisure Activities of Children with Intellectual Disabilities

Family and personal factors associated with the participation of children with special needs in leisure activities: A Turkish perspective

ObjectiveThe primary aims of the current study were to describe the participation patterns in leisure activities of children between the ages of 6 and 15 years with special needs and to analyze family behavior and personal factors that affect participation. Material and methodsOverall, 112 children with special needs aged 6–15 years and their families participated in the present study. Children's sociodemographic characteristics, participation patterns in leisure activities, family behavior, and quality of life were evaluated. ResultsIn this study, it was observed that children participated in recreational activities the most and in physical activities the least. Most of the families reported that they did not have an influence on determining the activity. The findings showed correlations between leisure activities and age, gender, and socioeconomic status (p < 0.05). ConclusionThe findings suggest that (a) children's participation in activities outside the home and (b) family guidance are insufficient. Thus, rehabilitation professionals can inform families about activities appropriate for children, positive family behavior, and social support programs.

The role and function of physical and sports organizations in providing leisure activities for children and youth

The system of out-of-school education unites forms of the organization of leisure activity of children and youth. The main goals of their work are to strengthen health, increase the level of physical fitness, ensure active recreation of students and get pleasure from physical activity. Physical education of children and youth out-of-school is united by science and sports organizations with the involvement of members of the public. Physical culture and sports organizations play an important role in ensuring physical culture and health activities and physical activity, meaningful leisure, healthy lifestyle of children and youth of our country. The article identifies the main types of out-of-school educational institutions and the socio-pedagogical significance of physical culture and health work in them, the tasks of physical culture and health work in extracurricular time, presents a set of measures aimed at improving children's leisure activities. There are sports events, thematic lectures, control over the passage of personnel training courses advertising campaigns, sports and mass holidays, free introductory classes, information updates on official websites, meetings, conversations with sponsors and parents. Provided information namely purpose, objectives and quantitative indicators of activity, about the activities of the sports and health centre «Goloseyevo». Prospects for further research are to determine the areas of activity to involve children in extracurricular sports centers.

Physical activity and sedentary behaviour among children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities during the COVID-19 lockdown in China.

BackgroundIn the wake of the COVID‐19 pandemic, preliminary research has reported a significant decline in physical activity (PA) and an increase in sedentary behaviour (SB) among typically developed children and adolescents. Limited research has looked at the current situation of PA and SB during this pandemic among children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities (ID). This study investigated the situations about PA and SB among school‐aged children and adolescents with ID on China's mainland during the COVID‐19 outbreak.MethodsIn total, 837 parents of children and adolescents (ages 6–18 years) with ID from 15 special education schools of Shandong Province in China were recruited through convenience sampling in the study. Parents reported PA and SB among children and adolescents with ID through the Children's Leisure Activities Study Survey‐Chinese version (CLASS‐C) online questionnaires.ResultsFrom parents' reports, Chinese children and adolescents with ID during the COVID‐19 pandemic participated in approximately 10 min of moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity, and engaged in approximately 530 min of SB every day. Meanwhile, only 17.4% of children and adolescents with ID were able to achieve the recommendation of 60 min of daily moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity and 76.1% of children and adolescents with ID spent more than 2 h on SB per day. Additionally, the problems of decrease PA and excessive SB were more prominent in older adolescents with ID compared with younger children with ID.ConclusionIn China, the low level of PA and high level of SB is particularly evident in children and adolescents with ID during the outbreak of COVID‐19. The great majority of children and adolescents with ID did not meet the recommended amount of PA while undergoing excessive SB under the long‐term home quarantine environment. Therefore, immediate attention and great effort should be made to deal with this severe situation among this vulnerable population in the mainland of China.

Informatization of education: medical and social problems, technologies for hygienic safety students training

Introduction. The digitalization of education in the Russian Federation accompanied by the intensive use of digital tools in children and adolescents’ education and leisure activities actualizes the problems of preserving the health of the younger generation. The aim of the study was to assess the current medical and social problems of informatization of education and the formation of approaches to the hygienic regulation of the main risk factors for the health of students, to determine the technologies for ensuring their hygienic safety in the digital environment. Materials and methods. The expert and analytical research were carried out using scientific publications, Internet resources, normative and methodological documents showing the features of the organization of educational activities of students in the digital environment, the technology of ensuring their hygienic safety. Results. It shows the high degree of development of the digital environment in the Russian education system; a diverse arsenal of digital educational resources and services that are most in demand by participants in the educational process; prospects for the modernization and development of education in the course of the introduction of the digital educational environment (DEE). The new digital environment can negatively impact the lifestyle and behavior of children and adolescents and contribute to the formation of additional risk factors for their health. In the context of the increased informatization of the educational process and the active use of electronic learning tools (ESE), there is an increase in the information load and psychoemotional overstrain in children and adolescents, an increase in various forms of information dependence, borderline mental disorders and behavioural disorders, the prevalence of school-related conditions and diseases. Conclusion. Among the measures related to the safety of the use of digital technologies and means of their provision in the educational and leisure activities of children, the implementation of technologies aimed at assessing the main risk factors for children’s health in the developing digital environment and the prospects for the development of hygienic rationing; compliance with hygiene regulations and rules of work when using ESO; training and education of children, parents and teachers; expertise of educational programs and technologies; monitoring the effectiveness of the implementation of DEE.

FORMS OF LEISURE ACTIVITIES ORGANIZATION IN THE CHILDREN'S HEALTH AND LEISURE INSTITUTIONS

The article substantiates the importance of leisure activities in children’s health and leisure institution. The functioning of this type of institution takes place in a new, changed environment of a child and determines the search for interesting forms of leisure activities organization, which today is an essential component of the educational process in the children’s health and leisure institution. Increasing the amount of a child’s free time of who came on vacation involves the consumption of cultural and artistic values, acquaintance with various activities that are new to them, communication in a temporary children’s group, participation in art and sports activities, community service, self-education, etc. Accordingly, it determines the pedagogues’ attention to leisure activities, to issues of its organization and content, in particular to the volume and structural content, the use of certain organizational forms. Taking into account in the work of the children’s health and leisure institution various concepts of leisure (quantitative, activity, leisure as a psychological state), their combination and usage allow considering leisure in the context of a long period aimed at various activities in a child’s psychologically positive, and comfortable state. All activities have leisure potential and are aimed at developing the artistic, organizational, leadership potential of the individual. The system of educational dimension in the children’s health and leisure institution should provide for the functioning of various organizational forms of work, including art grounds, studios, art workshops, clubs of various directions, which will allow the child to choose a probable action and realize their aesthetic, artistic and sports needs in various activities.

Look Around Me: Environmental and Socio-Economic Factors Related to Community Participation for Children with Cerebral Palsy in Québec

Aims: This study aimed at gaining a deeper understanding of the environmental and socio-economic factors affecting participation outcomes in community and leisure activities for children with disabilities, as well as the trajectories of participation for these children to promote their health and guarantee their rights are respected. Methods: A participatory action research (PAR) approach and linear regression analysis were employed to identify contextual factors associated with the community participation of children with cerebral palsy (CP) living in Quebec, Canada. Stakeholders engaged through the entire research process supported the development of questionnaires, data collection, analysis and interpretation of results. Results: Neighborhood outings were ranked among the most practiced activities by children with CP. Only in a few cases (9%) did children participate in more than two types of activities outside of school. Factors limiting children’s participation were predominantly extrinsic in origin, including financial burden and lack of information about existing opportunities. Conclusions: There is a serious need for communities and local governments to inform parents about available resources, programs and policies that can support their child’s participation. Rehabilitation professionals could partner with stakeholders to inform the development of public policies that target the identified barriers and promote children’s integration and fulfillment.

ВИКОРИСТАННЯ МЕДІАЗАСОБІВ ДЛЯ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ КУЛЬТУРНО-ДОЗВІЛЛЄВОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ДІТЕЙ В УМОВАХ КАРАНТИННИХ ОБМЕЖЕНЬ

The purpose of the study is to determine the form and types of cultural and leisure activities of children under quarantine restrictions. It is established that in the conditions of lockdown the parents and their children face difficulties of psycho-emotional load and stress, as a result of which there may be violations of the child's psycho-emotional state in society. Therefore, it is advisable to pay attention to the process of organizing cultural and leisure activities of children in the lockdown namely - parents of preschool children are invited to organize the following forms of leisure: games, labor and artistic activities. It is established that during the organization of leisure in the conditions of quarantine restrictions the positive emotional state of the child and its motivation to activity are caused by a favorable, benevolent psychological origin of a family. The peculiarities of the influence of quarantine restrictions on the organization of children's leisure, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of using the media in activities with children are identified. The need to identify ways to use the media to involve children in play is shown. At this stage, it is necessary to diagnose and update the forms of use of media by parents in the organization of cultural and leisure activities of children. The role of parents and guardians in conducting play and entertainment activities for children is revealed. There are negative consequences for children of using the media for both their physical health and their psychological state. The need to consider and submit new requirements and conditions of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine regarding the use of mass media for education and leisure of children has been determined.

Organization of cultural and leisure activities of children of the primary school age in the extracurricular time process of school

The article discusses the psychological and pedagogical features of the organization of cultural and leisure activities of primary school children in the extracurricular process of the school, which successfully affects the formation of personality in the social aspect. The terminological ideas, concepts of extracurricular leisure work are revealed. Cultural and leisure activities are a particularly relevant condition for the comprehensive development of the personality; it largely depends on the interests and needs and allows you to show your capabilities in your free time from the main activities. The forms of out-of-school leisure activities of primary school children, the principles of leisure development, and educational orientation are considered. The proper organization of leisure helps to develop creative abilities, creative thinking, independently approach the choice of forms of cultural and leisure activities, and organize your free time. The author presents a meaningful description of the forms of conducting cultural and leisure activities of younger students in the extracurricular process of the school.