Lehigh University Research Articles

Improvements to Energy Resolution of an X-ray Energy Dispersive Spectrum by Deconvolution Using the Zero Strobe Peak

Journal Article Improvements to Energy Resolution of an X-ray Energy Dispersive Spectrum by Deconvolution Using the Zero Strobe Peak Get access M Watanabe, M Watanabe Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA18015, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D B Williams D B Williams Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA18015, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 9, Issue S02, 1 August 2003, Pages 124–125, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927603441111 Published: 15 July 2003

A new phosphate-selective sorbent for the Rem Nut(r) process. Laboratory investigation and field experience at a medium size wastewater treatment plant

P-control technologies for municipal wastewater are essentially based on "destructive" methods, that lead to formation of concentrated solid-phases (sludge), usually disposed-off in controlled landfills. Ion exchange, as a "non-destructive" technology, allows for selective removal and simultaneous recovery of pollutants, which can be recycled to the same and/or related productive lines. In this context, the REM NUT process removes nutrient species (HPO4 = , NH4+, K+) present in biologically oxidised municipal effluents and recovers them in the form of struvites (MgNH4PO4; MgKPO4), premium quality slow release fertilisers. The main limitation to the extensive application of this ion exchange based process is the non-availability of selective exchangers for specific removal of nutrient species. This paper illustrates laboratory investigation and pilot scale development of a so-called "P-driven" modified REM NUT scheme based on a new phosphate-selective sorbent developed at Lehigh University, PA, USA.

Morton Fischel Kaplon

Morton Fischel Kaplon

Research in Progress

Research in Progress By Christopher Densmore and Barbara Addison Ronald E. Butchart (College ofEducation, University of Georgia, Athens , GA 30602-7130) is examining the activities ofthe Friends Freedmen's Association as part of a larger investigation of the activities of religious and other groups to educate the newly freed African-Americans during and following the American Civil War. Paul Dekar, Memphis Theological Seminary (168 East Parkway South, Memphis, Tennessee 38104) is researching the role of Friends in the history of the Fellowship of Reconciliation. Charles Fager (223 Hillside Ave., Fayetteville, North Carolina 28301) continues his work on the origin, history and theology ofliberal Friends. Rosemary Moore (25 Beech Drive, Shifnal, Shropshire, United Kingdom TFIl 8HJ) is researching Isaac, Mary and Edward Penington. Jennifer Janofsky, Ph.D. candidate, Temple University (880 N. Bucknell St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19130) is examining Quaker sources as background to her study of prison reform and the Eastern State Penitentiary . James A. Levy, Ph.D. candidate, Rutgers University (161 Prospect Park West #3R, Brooklyn, New York 11215) has been researching the Institute for Colored Youth as part of a study ofAfrican-American education . MarkNicholas, graduate student at Lehigh University (2117 Henderson St., Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18017) is researching the impact of Friends among the Six Nations Iroquois in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Kirill Grushko, Russian Institute for General History (100 S. Huntington Ave., No. 307, Boston, Massachusetts 02130) is studying the relationships between Quakers in Britain and North America with the peace sects in Russia. Setsuko Mikami, graduate student at Reikaku University in Japan (5-28-9 Umeda, Adachi-ku, Tokyo, Japan 123-0851) is comparing the educational ideas of Japanese Quaker Inazo Nitoke and American writer Harriet Beecher Stowe. Joshua Civin (701 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511) is exploring the history ofLiverpool, England, in the early 19th century, with attention to several Quaker families. ...

Preparing psychologists to link systems of care in managing and preventing children's health problems.

To describe the need for innovations in training to link health, educational, and family systems and to illustrate how this can be accomplished through child-oriented psychology training programs. We describe multiple pathways for the preparation of child-oriented psychologists to link health, educational, and family systems, in keeping with the National Institute of Mental Health guidelines for preparing professionals in child and adolescent psychology. These pathways include training embedded in graduate programs specializing in clinical child, pediatric, school, community, and family psychology. This article highlights a training initiative for preparing child-oriented psychologists based in a school psychology program. A partnership between Lehigh University and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia has been developed to prepare school psychologists to coordinate community-based systems of care to promote positive educational and health outcomes for children. This program emphasizes both intervention and prevention and provides a set of integrated experiences in both health care and educational settings. We highlight components of this program relevant to the preparation of pediatric psychologists. We identify and discuss potential challenges in establishing training programs for the preparation of professionals to link health, school, and family systems.

Michael F. Jiménez (1948-2001)

Michael F. Jiménez (1948-2001)

LIMSport: Optimizing a Windows-Based Computer Data Acquisition and Reduction System for the General Chemistry Laboratory

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLIMSport: Optimizing a Windows-Based Computer Data Acquisition and Reduction System for the General Chemistry LaboratoryEd Vitz and Brenda P. Egolf View Author Information Department of Chemistry, Kutztown University, Kutztown, PA 19530 Center for Social Research, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 9, 1060Publication Date (Web):September 1, 2002Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 September 2002Published inissue 1 September 2002https://doi.org/10.1021/ed079p1060RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views71Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (66 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Cross-disciplinary concepts,Redox reactions,Students,Transfer reactions Get e-Alerts

Cost-Effective Rehabilitation of Two Aluminum Bridges on Long Island, New York

After testing of a full-scale model semimonocoque airframe aluminum bridge at Lehigh University in 1960, New York State built two similar four-span aluminum structures on Long Island, which were opened to traffic in 1965. During an inspection in 1996, galvanic corrosion of the aluminum superstructure at contact surfaces with the steel bearings in presence of moisture, limited distortion or buckling of members at some of these locations, and damage to the bridge underside when struck by a vehicle taller than available clearance were noticed. Otherwise, the rest of the structure appeared to be in good condition. Due to the unique structural configuration, an investigation of viable procedures for repair and maintenance of these structures was conducted. This investigation resulted in the cost-effective rehabilitation procedure described in this paper.

All in an engineer’s life

All in an engineer’s life

Lessons from Enron

Some of you know that I have been the Arthur Andersen & Co. Alumni Professor of Accounting at Lehigh University since 1982. A few will know that my relationship with Andersen goes back to 1963, when, as an undergraduate, I was recruited by Fred Zimmer for a summer internship in Andersen's Chicago office. The legendary Leonard Spacek was just finishing up as Andersen's managing partner. Thus, the string of embarrassments afflicting Andersen--Waste Management, Sunbeam, Boston Chicken, Global Crossings, the Baptist Foundation of Arizona, and Enron--hits me particularly hard. A Watershed Event I am not alone in finding the Enron tragedy to be highly instructive, the kind of watershed event that comes along once in a generation or so, the jaws of the kind of disaster from which victory--the good name of the accounting profession--might be snatched. Below I outline some of the lessons to be learned but do not claim to have originated them. Most observers are well aware of the pressures exerted upon the accountancy profession in its role as the public watchdog investors trusted and the countervailing power to corporate financial-reporting interests. Enron is only the latest, most vivid example of the confluence and intensity of those pressures. Accounting Does Not Cause Companies to Implode, But... Public accountants do not make their clients' management decisions. Instead, they advise on accounting matters and are to object when management's financial reports fail to provide the transparency necessary to alert the capital markets to the entrails of the corporation's activities. We understand that the information management wants to report regarding their performance can differ from the information investors need to make investment decisions. We also understand how the notion of countervailing power advanced by John Kenneth Galbraith can relate to business and labor, and to CFOs and CPAs. (1) But suppose that management misunderstands the accounting, or that management misinterprets the auditors' explanation of detailed accounting rules to the point that black appears to be white. Can the accounting, which should portray the economic reality resulting from decisions, actually mask that same reality, and persuade insiders that there is no danger? When expert outside accountants and attorneys bless the financial depiction of internal events, many can be misled. Thus the public accountants' responsibility for ensuring that no one is fooled encompasses both the external capital markets and the internal decision makers. Although preparers must ultimately bear responsibility for issuing misleading information, expert accounting and legal advisers can inadvertently help preparers deceive themselves, as well as those who rely on the preparers' disclosures. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, If You Know What I Mean (laughter) Many will recognize this quotation that makes fun of the loopholes or flexibility in GAAP that can be invoked as support for a variety of financial results. Aware of how this flexibility might exacerbate the tension between managements' and investors' demands for financial information, standard setters saw the need for detailed rules, seeking to keep the corral gates closed. Preparers responsible for applying GAAP, and auditors who review their applications, gradually became dedicated to the proposition that their roles are to comply with the detailed criteria in accounting standards. Some financial-reporting decisions seem driven by the urge to tick off the boxes in checklists; participants in the process apparently forgot the goals of fairness, accuracy, and transparency. In retrospect at least, the 3 percent rule and other criteria for certifying the independence of Special Purpose Entities (SPEs) seem ludicrous. Adhering to this rule may satisfy preparers and auditors that their decision not to consolidate the SPE will hold up under SEC scrutiny. …

Diagnosis of Childhood ADHD: Differences Across Psychology Specialty Areas

Free AccessDiagnosis of Childhood ADHD: Differences Across Psychology Specialty AreasMarcie W. Handler and George J. DuPaulMarcie W. Handler1. May Institute in Norwood, MA.Search for more papers by this author and George J. DuPaul2. Lehigh University in Bethlehem PA.Search for more papers by this authorPublished Online:May 2005https://doi.org/10.1521/adhd.10.3.7.20555PDFPDF PLUS ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations AboutReferencesBarkley , R. A. (1998). Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A handbook for diagnosis and treatment (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford Press. Google ScholarCopeland , L., Wolraich, M., Lindgren, S., Milich, R., & Woolson, R. (1987). Pediatricians' reported practices in the assessment and treatment of attention deficit disorders. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 8, 191–197. Crossref, Google ScholarHennigan , L. M. (1997). Clinical assessment practices for the diagnosis of attention deficit disorders in children. Dissertations Abstracts International, 58 (10), 5645B (University Microfilms No. AAM98–11700). Google ScholarNational Institutes of Health. (1998). Diagnosis and treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. NIH Consensus Statement Online 1998 Nov 16–18;16(2), 1–37. Available http://odp.od.nih.gov/consensus/cons/110. Google ScholarRosenberg , R. P., & Beck, S. (1986). Preferred assessment methods and treatment modalities for hyperactive children among clinical child and school psychologists. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 15, 142–147. Crossref, Google ScholarUllman , D. G., & Doherty, M. E. (1984). Two tivity: The child and the clinician. Advances in Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 5, 167–219. Google ScholarUllman , D. G., Egan, D., Fiedler, N., Jurenec, G., Pliske, R., Thompson, P., & Doherty, M. E. (1981). The many faces of hyperactivity: Similarities and differences in diagnostic policies. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 49, 694–704. Crossref, Google ScholarWolraich , M. L., Lindgren, S., Stromquist, A., Milich, R., Davis, C., & Watson, D. (1990). Stimulant medication use by primary care physicians in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Pediatrics, 86, 95–101. Google Scholar Previous article Next article FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 10Issue 3Jun 2002 Information© The Guilford PressPDF download

CATALYTIC CLEANUP AT THE PULP MILL

ALCHEMISTS ARE GOING TO turn green with envy Turning matter—any kind of matter—into gold is quite a feat. But turning garbage into gold? That's a real trick. Okay, the gold isn't really gold. But the garbage is honest-to-goodness stinky garbage. Researchers at Lehigh University and Georgia-Pacific Corp. have developed a new catalytic process that converts waste streams from pulp and paper mills into valuable products. Not only does the technology provide the U.S. paper industry with a new and efficient option for complying with recently enacted environmental legislation, it enables them to do so at a profit. At more than 150 pulp mills in the U.S., and many more abroad, wood is converted into pulp for papermaking through kraft processing—high-temperature and high-pressure procedures in which wood chips are digested in caustic sulfurous solutions. The process, which has been used for over a century, generates large quantities of unwanted methanol and mercaptans. For ...

Failure Analysis of Welded Steel Moment-Resisting Frame Connections

Full-scale welded steel moment-resisting frame (WSMF) connections have been tested to failure at the University of Michigan and at Lehigh University. The tests were conducted at ambient temperature and under a simulated seismic loading protocol developed by the SAC Joint Venture, to determine if newly detailed unreinforced fully restrained post-Northridge connections can behave satisfactorily in future earthquakes. This paper presents a failure analysis of 16 full-scale WSMF connections. The effects of weld-access hole geometry and the roughness of its flame-cut surface are analyzed. The analysis describes the initiation and propagation of fatigue cracks at intersections of the weld access hole with the beam flange and from the flame-cut surface of the weld access hole in the WSMF connections. The paper suggests changes to the weld access hole, and the surface roughness for the flame-cut surface of the weld access hole, which would improve the performance of unreinforced post-Northridge WSMF connections subjected to seismic loads.

Reel American History: An Archive Built by Novices

Gallagher | Reel American History: An Archive Built by Novices Reel American History: An Archive Built by Novices by Edward J. Gallagher Lehigh University I'd like to describe a Lehigh University web site of potential interest to readers of Film & History and to invite not only use of it and feedback about it but especially and primarily contributions to it. Reel American History is a web site that provides resources created by students for the study offilms aboutAmerican history. One goal of the project is to stimulate high school, college, and graduate students to think critically about the ways movies construct our history. At present, this ever-in-progress site contains in-depth case studies on twenty-five films and a variety of research resources and pedagogical scaffolding (look below for more details, but, printed out, the material on the site now runs over 1500 pages). Our sound-bite slogan is that the purpose of the site is to sensitize students to how the "reel" makes the "real." Another goal of the project is to explore substantive uses of the new technology for pedagogical purposes. Randy Bass and Bret Eynon lay out three categories of "intriguing opportunities for meaningful learning" offered by electronic environments: inquiry-based learning utilizing primary sources now available on the web, increased interaction provided by discussion lists and chat programs, and publication of student work (40-41). I had worked in the first two categories and was eager to explore the third. Pedagogically, then, Reel American History most closely resembles what Bass and Eynon call a "Collaborative Shared Resource" (56). It aims at being a large, ongoing, cumulative, collaborative project that involves many students and many faculty from a variety oflocations — notjust Lehigh — over a long period of time (55). Bass has coined the phrase "novice in the archives" (46) to capture the experience of having students work on the web with hitherto unavailable primary resources. Another sound bite of ours puns meaningfully on Bass's coinage: Reel American History is "an archive built by novices." Let's say more about these two goals in turn. First, why study films about American history? I would guess that readers of Film & History will knock that question right out of the park. Suffice it to say that my shorthand answer takes the form of a syllogism: a history is one of the elements that constitutes a nation (without a history, we are not a "We"), but in the modern world films are the way many people internalize their history ("films write history with lightning"), and, therefore, it behooves us to study what kind of history films are constructing. Nations, to borrow from Benedict Anderson, are imagined communities; nations, to borrow from Timothy Brennan, depend for their existence on an apparatus of cultural fictions in which film plays a decisive role (49). One goal ofthe ReelAmerican History project, then, is to foster critical thinking about a matter of enduring cultural attention, especially where young people are concerned: the formation of our national identity, our national imaginary. In this regard, we have tried to arouse excitement for the value of the project through what one ofmy collaborators, Stephen Tompkins, calls the "manifesto" on our title page. Second, why use the web to achieve this goal? Bass and Eynon point out that "digital environments are ideal to facilitate the realization of constructionist approaches" and, quoting constructionist theorists, that "learners are particularly likely to make new ideas when they are actively engaged in making some type of external artifact . . . which they can reflect upon and share with others" (55). In short, I was intrigued by the potential for enhanced learning through a project in which individual students doing "authentic" work (55) were part of a community not limited by time or space and engaged in building a web site on an importantissue that would be ofvalue to people beyond the course and even beyond the campus—all the while gaining and demonstrating technical experience that would add a practical dimension to their resumes. And, from my own perspective, I felt that I needed a focal point if I were to grow in understanding of and facility with the new technology. Reel American...

The Process Dynamics of Normative Function

Journal Article The Process Dynamics of Normative Function Get access Wayne D. Christensen, Wayne D. Christensen University of Newcastle, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mark H. Bickhard Mark H. Bickhard Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Monist, Volume 85, Issue 1, 1 January 2002, Pages 3–28, https://doi.org/10.5840/monist20028516 Published: 16 December 2014

Development of improved welded moment connections for earthquake-resistant design

A comprehensive research program was conducted at Lehigh University to investigate the causes of brittle failures observed in numerous welded connections during the 1994 Northridge earthquake and ways to improve their ductility. In this program, tests on pre-Northridge connection details demonstrate that several weak links in the connection design and fabrication resulted in their premature failures. To develop improved details for welded unreinforced connections the effects of weld metal, weld access hole geometry, beam web attachment, continuity plates, and panel zone strength on cyclic ductility were investigated using non-linear finite element models and full-scale connection tests. The results from these studies are presented, along with recommendations to insure ductile connection performance.

From Membranes to Melts, Rouse to Reptation: Diffusion in Polymersome versus Lipid Bilayers

School of Engineering and Applied Science, University ofPennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104;Department of Chemical Engineering, Lehigh University,Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015; and Department ofChemical Engineering and Material Science, University ofMinnesota, Minneapolis, Minneapolis 55455Received July 11, 2001Revised Manuscript Received November 12, 2001

Creating a Truly Multidisciplinary Entrepreneurial Educational Environment*

AbstractIn our age of technological growth and change, the role of the engineer has evolved from lone specialist to team player, from internally focused to globally aware, from reactionary to entrepreneur. The entrepreneur has created much of our social wealth. The characteristics of the entrepreneur transcend academic disciplines, and social as well as economic status. To foster these characteristics among its students, Lehigh University is developing a multidisciplinary educational environment where entrepreneurial spirit can flourish. Lehigh's academic programs in Integrated Product Development (IPD), Integrated Business and Engineering (IBE), and Integrated Design Arts (IDA) integrate across Engineering, Business and Design Arts through sponsored projects and entrepreneurial teams, or E‐Teams, consisting of students, faculty advisors, staff support and company mentors. Project sponsors include the full range from student entrepreneurs and other start‐up companies, to established small, medium and large corporations. The multi‐level approach to curricular integration includes pre‐college outreach, freshman projects, curricula support, capstone projects and graduate projects. The educational environment includes a Campus Center; an entire building designed to support students project teams. This paper will discuss the design and implementation of these programs, our assessment and evaluation methods, lessons learned and future plans for improving this environment.

Future Direction of High-Resolution X-Ray Microanalysis in the AEM

Current commercial analytical electron microscopes (AEMs) including scanning transmission electron microscopes (STEMs) are a compromise design between the highest spatial, analytical and energy resolutions. in contrast, a VG HB603 STEM at Lehigh University has been designed with a 300 kV cold field-emission gun and twin X-ray detectors to maximize X-ray generation and collection efficiencies [1]. in addition, instrumental features of almost no stray radiation, ultra-high vacuum (<10−7 Pa in the stage and <10−7 Pa in the gun), beam blanking and direct probe-current measurement in the HB 603 have transformed the approaches to quantitative analysis. By using such modern AEMs, it is now possible to perform X-ray microanalysis with the spatial resolution as low as 1.5 nm and the detectability limits of∽2 atoms in the analyzed volume [2]. Furthermore, even quantitative X-ray mapping becomes achievable, while maintaining, high spatial resolution (the original aim of such instruments) [3].

Symptoms of ADHD in University Students

A sample of 1,209 university students from 3 countries (Italy, New Zealand, and USA) completed a 24-item self-report measure for ADHD symptoms in a study at Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA.