Legal Framework Research Articles

Ethical Considerations and Fundamental Principles of Large Language Models in Medical Education: Viewpoint.

This viewpoint article first explores the ethical challenges associated with the future application of large language models (LLMs) in the context of medical education. These challenges include not only ethical concerns related to the development of LLMs, such as artificial intelligence (AI) hallucinations, information bias, privacy and data risks, and deficiencies in terms of transparency and interpretability but also issues concerning the application of LLMs, including deficiencies in emotional intelligence, educational inequities, problems with academic integrity, and questions of responsibility and copyright ownership. This paper then analyzes existing AI-related legal and ethical frameworks and highlights their limitations with regard to the application of LLMs in the context of medical education. To ensure that LLMs are integrated in a responsible and safe manner, the authors recommend the development of a unified ethical framework that is specifically tailored for LLMs in this field. This framework should be based on 8 fundamental principles: quality control and supervision mechanisms; privacy and data protection; transparency and interpretability; fairness and equal treatment; academic integrity and moral norms; accountability and traceability; protection and respect for intellectual property; and the promotion of educational research and innovation. The authors further discuss specific measures that can be taken to implement these principles, thereby laying a solid foundation for the development of a comprehensive and actionable ethical framework. Such a unified ethical framework based on these 8 fundamental principles can provide clear guidance and support for the application of LLMs in the context of medical education. This approach can help establish a balance between technological advancement and ethical safeguards, thereby ensuring that medical education can progress without compromising the principles of fairness, justice, or patient safety and establishing a more equitable, safer, and more efficient environment for medical education.

Emerging post-Dobbs liability concerns for providers handling embryos.

This review outlines novel, emerging legal risks for in-vitro fertilization (IVF) providers and patients. This article reviews recent antiabortion legal developments that create novel legal risks to IVF. This article examines new potential liability for the handling or managing of embryos, and threats to safe, efficient, standard-of-care practice of IVF. It reviews established US and international judicial and regulatory frameworks based on scientifically grounded recognition of IVF embryos as deserving of 'special respect', and finds this approach to be an alternative for law and policy makers. Defining life as 'beginning at fertilization' (or 'conception') or otherwise embracing 'embryonic personhood' creates emerging legal vulnerabilities and concerns for IVF patients and professionals who handle embryos and threatens standard-of-care IVF. Internationally and domestically established, scientifically grounded understandings of IVF embryos, rather than religious beliefs, should be the basis for legal frameworks that accord appropriate - but not unlimited - protections to IVF embryos. This article presents this framework as an alternative to the current path being embraced by some US policymakers and courts, as a means of protecting the rights of patients, providers and the families they create.

RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS: A REVIEW IN THAILAND AND THE PHILIPPINES’ LAWS AND POLICIES

Background and Purpose: Renewable energy (RE) plays a significant role in providing sustainable and clean energy as well as mitigating climate change. With the increased energy demand to support the growth of the economic sector, Thailand and the Philippines have moved towards improved energy cooperation, where renewable energy is an important subject matter in line with Target 7 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Thailand and the Philippines have embarked on renewable energy projects and introduced numerous laws and policies to incentivise such an agenda. Nevertheless, the contribution of renewable energy in these countries' energy portfolios remains insignificant. Thus, this study aims to examine the current renewable energy laws and policies in Thailand and the Philippines, in assisting these countries to achieve the SDGs. Methodology: This study used a library-research methodology including statutory and conceptual approaches that focus on the laws and policies on renewable energy in Thailand and the Philippines. The utility of conceptual analysis is to understand the concepts and relevance of renewable energy and SDGs in the philosophies of environment, sustainability and law. Findings: Despite the fact RE provides opportunities in respect to socioeconomic development, energy access, energy security, and climate change mitigation, the existence of barriers to RE development leads to obstacles in accelerating RE’s share in the energy mix in Thailand and the Philippines. Comprehensive laws and policies to support renewable energy development are required to address these challenges. Nevertheless, legal frameworks are only one aspect that contributes to RE development. Governments' support through various incentives including financial and economic instruments are critical to navigating the transition toward a cleaner and affordable energy sector. Contributions: This study enhances the body of knowledge by examining the initiative for renewable energy development, advocating for comprehensive legal frameworks, and emphasizing the societal importance of government support to drive RE's role in sustainable development in Thailand and the Philippines. Keywords: Renewable energy, legal framework, policy, Thailand, Philippines. Cite as: Ghazali, F., Abdul Shukor, S. F., & Karim, R. (2024). Renewable energy development towards sustainable development goals: A review in Thailand and the Philippines’ laws and policies. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 9(2), 1-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol9iss2pp1-33

Exploring the Role of Robotics in Maritime Technology: Innovations, Challenges, and Future Prospects

Robotics has emerged as a disruptive force in the maritime sector, offering promising solutions for various applications, including underwater exploration, offshore operations, port logistics, and vessel maintenance. The paper begins by presenting an overview of the current state of robotics in the maritime industry, highlighting the key advancements and the impact they have had on traditional practices. It then delves into the various innovative applications of robotics, such as autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) for oceanographic research and inspection robots for offshore structures, discussing their capabilities and potential benefits. However, the integration of robotics in maritime technology also brings forth a unique set of challenges. These challenges encompass technical, regulatory, and ethical aspects, including issues related to safety, cyber security, legal frameworks, and public acceptance. The paper critically examines these challenges and discusses potential strategies to overcome them, emphasizing the importance of collaboration between industry stakeholders, policymakers, and researchers. It discusses emerging trends, such as swarm robotics, human-robot collaboration, and the utilization of artificial intelligence for decision-making. The potential benefits of these advancements, including increased efficiency, reduced costs, and enhanced safety, are highlighted.

The Importance of Surveyors and GPS Technology in Systematic Land Registration in Georgia: A Study of the Challenges and Opportunities

The purpose of this work is to explore the historical and contemporary importance of land registration, focusing on the crucial role played by Georgia’s surveyors. The paper concentrates on the combination of GIS-based state systems with GPS PlateTalk map registrations to resolve conflicting cadastral information as well as for accurate ownership record keeping. The Georgian absence of a unified legal and administrative framework significantly complicates land boundary delineation leading to disputes among surveyors. To standardize surveying practices and improve accuracy, an all-encompassing legal framework must be put in place. The study adopts historical, comparative legal, and hermeneutic research methods using examples from Germany and Holland that demonstrate how such advanced technologies as drones, LiDAR, and blockchain can enhance the precision, speed, and security of survey practice. Furthermore, professional education investment must be increased in both teachers and attorneys who are also informed about Geoinformation Systems (GIS), thus enabling them to perform their functions properly when it comes to law matters concerning land registers. Conclusions urge policy-makers to invest in modern technological gadgets as well as engage in legislative reforms that would make their cadastral systems stronger. That would result in the creation of robust cadastral systems by investing in modern technology as well as carrying out legal reforms that would modernize their existing cadastral systems.

Development of Tax Avoidance Research in Asia through Bibliometric Analysis

This research employs a bibliometric analysis to investigate the development and trends in tax avoidance research, focusing specifically on the Asian context. Utilizing data from Google Scholar, the study covers literature published between 1938 and 2024. The analysis identifies key thematic clusters including corporate tax avoidance, international tax strategies, and legal frameworks, highlighting the evolution of research focus from foundational legal issues to complex multinational tax practices and ethical considerations. The study also uncovers underexplored areas such as the incentives driving tax avoidance behavior and the role of audit committees, presenting opportunities for future research. Furthermore, the author collaboration network reveals a landscape with significant yet underutilized potential for interdisciplinary cooperation. This comprehensive overview not only enhances understanding of the tax avoidance research landscape but also underscores the need for continued scholarly exploration and collaboration to address emerging challenges in the field.

Current Situation and Future Development of Intellectual Property Protection in China

This paper explores the current state of intellectual property protection in China and its future development trends, aiming to analyze the legal framework, policy implementation, and judicial practices in this field to reveal the challenges and opportunities faced. Through literature review and case analysis, the study systematically examines the impact of technological innovation on intellectual property protection, comparative international experiences, and future development trends. Key findings include: the continuous improvement of legal regulations, but the growing influence of technological changes on intellectual property protection, such as the new challenges and demands brought by emerging technologies like artificial intelligence and blockchain; at the same time, international cooperation plays a crucial role in enhancing the level of intellectual property protection. The study suggests future policy recommendations including further optimization of the legal framework, strengthening the coordination between technological innovation and intellectual property protection, and promoting international intellectual property cooperation to address complex challenges in the global context. This paper provides valuable insights and strategic measures for advancing the development of China's intellectual property protection system and implementing the country's innovation-driven development strategy.

Permafrost degradation is a legal matter

New topical problems of permafrost degradation are identified in the context of a new sphere of legal regulation, primarily in the Arctic countries, with an emphasis on the legal problems of Russia. The object of research in the article consists of various legal consequences of the said phenomenon, manifested on very sensitive ecosystems, human, industrial, transport land spaces, that is, outside the maritime spaces. The study is based primarily on an integrated legal approach and appropriate legal instruments to address the emerging economic and legal consequences of the degradation of permafrost. This approach makes it possible to substantiate the recognition as an independent object of regulation of the phenomenon of permafrost and the need to develop its own legal conceptual framework. This approach is justified at both the national and international levels, as well as in the analysis of specialized and modified law institutions of the Arctic States. The article applies the advantage of the comparative legal method of studying the legislation of the Arctic states, as well as interdisciplinary and intersectoral methods of legal research. As a result, the need for a new independent scientific and applied integrated study of the legal problems of the degradation of permafrost can be considered. One of the conclusions of the work included the need to create international specialized legislation in the form of a model act. Research in the proposed format may determine the structure and content of future international legal regulation and the institutions that support it.

Book Review: Anna Gjika, When Rape Goes Viral: Youth and Sexual Assault in the Digital Age.

In "When Rape Goes Viral: Youth and Sexual Assault in the Digital Age" Anna Gjika delves into the complex interplay between digital technology and the criminal justice system's handling of sexual violence, particularly among adolescents. The digital age has transformed many aspects of society, including how sexual violence is perpetrated, recorded, and prosecuted. This transformation raises critical questions about the adequacy of existing legal frameworks and the need for systemic reform to address the nuances of digital abuse effectively. Gjika’s work is pivotal as it uncovers the dual roles of digital platforms—both as tools for empowerment and instruments of victimization. The author uses a range of case studies to illustrate how digital media can both aid in bringing justice to victims and exacerbate their victimization through cyberbullying and unconsented sharing of intimate images. This scholarly analysis seeks to unpack the contributions of Gjika's work to the field of criminal justice, specifically in the context of digital harm, the inadequacies of existing legal frameworks, and the influence of gender dynamics, race, and circumstances surrounding sexual assault incidents.

Digital shadows: analyzing factors influencing sentencing in child sexual abuse material (CSAM) cases

Purpose Exhibiting an unprecedented rate of advancement, technology’s progression over the past two decades has regrettably led to a disturbing increase in the distribution of child sexual abuse materials (CSAM) online. Compounded by the emergence of an underground cryptocurrency market, which serves as a primary distribution channel for these materials, the investigation and sanctioning of CSAM present a complex and unique set of challenges. The purpose of this study is to accurately diagnose the CSAM sentencing landscape and build a more comprehensive, evidence-based legal framework in penology. Design/methodology/approach The study collected and analyzed case details regarding CSAM sanctions in a database sourced from the US Department of Justice for 2020. Various factors were analyzed such as the victim’s age, offender typology and previous conviction, accompanied by an analysis of how these factors affect the sentence length. Findings The study found that the hierarchical agency-level interactions give insight into resource allocation prioritization, as well as confirming a close relationship between prior conviction history and sentence length, with the victim’s age inversely related to sentence length. Leveraging data-driven insights, the study paves the way for more targeted and effective sanctions, ultimately contributing to the broader goal of safeguarding children from online sexual exploitation. Originality/value The paper provides a critical analysis of the complex landscape surrounding CSAM distribution and judicial sentencing. By examining case details and leveraging data-driven insights, it offers valuable contributions to understanding the interplay between various factors such as victim age, offender typology and prior convictions on sentencing outcomes. This comprehensive approach not only sheds light on the dynamics of CSAM sanctions but also lays the groundwork for evidence-based legal frameworks in penology. Its originality lies in its nuanced examination of hierarchical agency interactions and its potential to inform more targeted interventions for safeguarding children from online exploitation.

Основные направления оптимизации процесса ресоциализации российских офицеров, уволенных в запас

This article investigates the key problems and suggestions for improving the process of officers’ adaptation to civilian life after military service. The theoretical part of the study examines the specifics of the socio-psychological state of officers, the regulatory and legal framework for resocialization, as well as international experience in this field. The analysis is based on three research directions: studying the challenges of transitioning to civilian life, identifying shortcomings in current resocialization programs, and evaluating proposals for their optimization. Obtained results indicate that for successful adaptation of officers it is necessary to pay special attention to the improvement of professional retraining programs, financial support, as well as information and organizational assistance. The author concludes that it is necessary to adapt international experience to Russian conditions and proposes specific directions for enhancing resocialization programs in Russia.

Legal Analysis of the TAPERA Programme in Increasing the Availability of Housing for Low-Income Communities in Indonesia Based on PP No. 21 of 2024

This study conducts a normative juridical analysis of the TAPERA Programme, established by Government Regulation No. 21 of 2024, focusing on its efficacy in increasing the availability of housing for low-income communities in Indonesia. The TAPERA Programme aims to address housing affordability by encouraging savings among low-income individuals and providing financial assistance for housing needs. This research examines the legal framework, operational mechanisms, and regulatory environment of the programme, assessing its alignment with national housing policies and its potential impact. The findings indicate that while the TAPERA Programme holds significant promise due to its inclusive approach and emphasis on sustainability, challenges related to participation rates, implementation efficiency, and regulatory coherence need to be addressed. This analysis contributes to a deeper understanding of the legal and regulatory dimensions of housing policies in Indonesia, providing insights for policymakers and stakeholders involved in housing development for low-income communities.

Indonesian Law and Artificial Intelligence: Balancing Accountability, Ethics, and Innovation

Artificial intelligence (AI), which includes computing for perception, cognition, and action, raises complicated legal issues. This research investigates AI’s influence and legal implications, focusing on its autonomy in communication and creativity, which raises problems about language, intellectual property, and ethical accountability. Discussions differ depending on whether they are influenced by the Common Law or Civil Law systems. While Common Law defines AI as “computer-generated work,” Civil Law tends to see AI as a legal thing. This research aims to formulate a solid ground for an AI legal framework in the Indonesian national legal system. The research undertaken involves a thorough analysis of academic literature, focusing on the legal and ethical implications of AI, highlighting the need for a nuanced perspective to define its subjectivity. In conclusion, the complex interplay between artificial intelligence (AI) and legal principles involves reframing old terminology. Existing models for AI duty are called into question, and vicarious liability is one possible answer. AI is a derived law problem, so it needs to be carefully calibratedfor responsible innovation while also keeping ethics and technological progress in check.

CUMULATIVE PROVOCATION IN DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN MALAYSIA AND ENGLAND AND WALES

Background and Purpose: In Malaysia, there is no specific defence for female victims of domestic violence who in the unfortunate event killed their abusive partners due to provocation. In this instance, they can raise the defence of provocation as expressly stated in Exception 1 to section 300 of the Penal Code (Exception 1). Since the defence was not formulated specifically in the context of domestic violence, the application of the defence may not be able to appreciate the uniqueness of female victims of domestic violence. One notable issue is that of cumulative provocation. Exception 1 is silent as to the legal status of cumulative provocation. However, there have been cases where the accused raised cumulative provocation as a defence against the offence of murder. The research therefore, aims to analyse the legal position of cumulative provocation in Malaysia. Methodology: This research employed a doctrinal legal research approach, conducting a thorough analysis of relevant laws, including the Penal Code (Act 574), Homicide Act 1957 (HA 1957), and the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 (CJA 2009). In addition to statutory analysis, an examination of case law was undertaken to gain insights into the court’s interpretation of the legal status of cumulative provocation. Furthermore, scholarly writings in this field were examined to provide a thorough understanding of the subject. Findings: The decisions of the Federal Court’s cases of Che Omar bin Che Akhir v Public Prosecutor [2007] 4 MLJ 309 and Public Prosecutor v Surbir Gole [2017] 2 CLJ 621 show that cumulative provocation does not fall under Exception 1. This might lead the court to look only at the events that took place immediately before the killing as a single act. This can lead to a perception that the accused’s response, including female victims of domestic violence to provocation is not sufficiently grave. Hence, it is proposed that the cumulative provocation is given statutory recognition under Exception 1 which allows the circumstances of the accused to be taken into account by the court in deciding the defence of provocation. Contributions: This research contributes to the corpus of legal knowledge on cumulative provocation in domestic violence against women within the legal framework of the criminal justice system. Keywords: Provocation, murder, cumulative provocation, defence & penal code. Cite as: Mohd Safri M. N., Ramalinggam, R., Rohaida, N., Abang Ikhbal, A. B., Nur Hafidah, A. K., & Ashran, I. (2024). Cumulative provocation in domestic violence against women: A comparative analysis between Malaysia and England and Wales. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 9(2), 318-339. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol9iss2pp318-339

The Effectiveness of Indonesia's Anti-Corruption Law on Legal Reform and Implementation

This study examines the efficacy of Indonesia's anti-corruption legislation in the wider framework of legislative restructuring and its execution. The paper investigates the legal frameworks and regulatory measures implemented to combat corruption, using a normative juridical analysis. The primary objective is to examine the impact of these laws on legal reform, evaluate their enforcement, and highlight the problems encountered in their practical implementation. The results demonstrate substantial advancements in legislative actions, but also underscore enduring barriers in execution, such as legal ambiguities, administrative stagnation, and corruption within law enforcement entities. This study highlights the importance of implementing comprehensive legal reforms and strong policies to improve the effectiveness of anti-corruption measures in Indonesia. Guidelines are given to promote future anti-corruption efforts by improving the legislative framework, increasing institutional capability, and cultivating political backing.

Waters of Contention: The GERD and Its Impact on Nile Basin Cooperation and Conflict

The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on the Nile River has become a focal point in the fields of water diplomacy, economics, and environmental considerations in the Nile Basin. Announced during the Arab Spring in 2011, the GERD aims to address Ethiopia’s significant energy shortfall and foster regional economic growth by potentially doubling the country’s electricity output. However, this ambition has heightened tensions with downstream countries, especially Egypt and Sudan, which rely heavily on the Nile for their water needs. This paper examines the ongoing conflict surrounding the GERD, focusing on the deadlock situation despite considerable scholarly attention to its economic, political, and environmental dimensions. The analysis presented in this paper reveals the roots of contention by analyzing past treaties and the present negotiation status, illustrating the complex interplay between development goals, environmental sustainability, and regional water security. The paper advocates for a revised legal framework that moves beyond past agreements towards a more inclusive, cooperative management strategy for the Nile’s waters. It proposes the development of a new treaty between Egypt, Ethiopia, and Sudan, grounded in their 2015 Declaration of Principles agreement and inspired by successful international dispute resolutions. It also discusses the potential of neutral third-party interventions to facilitate unbiased negotiations grounded in the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution, emphasizing the importance of equitable and sustainable water governance. In essence, this research calls for a collaborative approach to resolve the GERD conflict, emphasizing the need for agreements that harmonize developmental ambitions with the water security of the Nile Basin nations. .

ANALISIS YURIDIS PEMENUHAN HAK PELAYANAN PUBLIK BAGI PENYANDANG DISABILITAS KABUPATEN JEMBER

Public transportation plays a crucial role in the social and economic structure of cities worldwide by providing access to various services and activities. An efficient transportation system supports mobility in employment, education, healthcare, and recreation, and contributes to inclusive and sustainable urban development. However, individuals with disabilities often face barriers to accessing public transportation, both physical, such as the lack of disability-friendly facilities, and non-physical, such as insufficient staff training and supportive policies. These limitations hinder full participation of individuals with disabilities in society and widen the gap in life opportunities. In Indonesia, issues of inclusion and accessibility for people with disabilities are central to human rights and social justice discourse. Although legislative progress has been made, field practices often remain suboptimal. Regulations such as Article 12 (e) of Regional Regulation No. 7 of 2016 and Law No. 8 of 2016 on Persons with Disabilities provide a legal framework for accessibility, yet implementation on the ground still faces gaps. This study highlights the importance of improving legal protection and enhancing accessibility at public transportation stops in Jember Regency, aiming to identify barriers faced by people with disabilities and provide a basis for advocating for more inclusive policy and infrastructure changes. This research underscores that improving accessibility not only meets practical needs but also ensures recognition and protection of the legal rights of people with disabilities for equal mobility and full participation in society.

RECONCILING CONSTITUTIONAL RULES AND INTERNATIONAL LAWS: A DOCTRINAL STUDY ON THE INNOVATIVE ROLE OF CONSTITUTIONAL RECONCILIATION IN IRAQ AND EGYPT

This research employs a doctrinal study methodology to investigate the conflict between constitutional rules and international rules,emphasizing the emerging jurisdiction of constitutional reconciliation. Through case studies in Iraq and Egypt, the study seeks to identify crucial criteria for addressing conflicts within the legal framework. A systematic analysis of legal principles, precedents, and existing literature provides a comprehensive understanding of the intricate dynamics involved in resolving conflicts between constitutional provisions and international rules. The research delves into nuanced conflicts arising in the absence of specified applicable laws in constitutional provisions, particularly where international treaties intersect with or deviate from domestic legislation. It aims to elucidate the mechanisms employed by domestic judges, utilizing constitutional reconciliation, when confronted with conflicts between provisions in domestic law and those in treaties. The central inquiry focuses on determining the prevailing legal framework—domestic law or international treaty—with constitutional reconciliation emerging as a novel jurisdiction to rectify such conflicts. In addressing the conflict between constitutional rules and international rules, the study aims to develop an effective resolution mechanism, underscoring the importance of constitutional reconciliation to harmonize international law with domestic legal frameworks. Grounded in a comprehensive understanding of international law regarding the authority of constitutional judges, the analytical method is complemented by the doctrinal study. By integrating the jurisdiction of constitutional reconciliation into the methodology and employing Iraq and Egypt as case studies, this research contributes to a nuanced comprehension of how constitutional judges can navigate and harmonize the interplay between domestic and international legal frameworks. This approach ensures the preservation of both sets of rules without compromising either, advancing our understanding of the complexities involved in addressing conflicts between constitutional and international rules through the innovative lens of constitutional reconciliation.

CONCEPTUAL, LEGAL, AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN PHYSICIAN-ASSISTED SUICIDE: AN OVERVIEW

Physician-assisted suicide (PAS) remains a contentious and highly debated topic within medical, legal, and ethical spheres. The complex issue of (PAS) raises significant inquiries regarding patient autonomy and societal norms. Ambiguities in conceptual, legal, and ethical aspects impede policy formulation, leading to unequal access and apprehensions about patient welfare and confidence. This article provides a thorough examination of assisted suicide, exploring its legal, ethical, and medical dimensions. It aims to facilitate informed dialogue and stimulate further investigation into the legal framework and ethical considerations surrounding this contentious issue. Through a library-based research approach and qualitative analysis of existing literature, this study delves into the diverse facets of assisted suicide. The article begins with a definition and contextualisation of assisted suicide, distinguishing it from related end-of-life practices. It then delves into the legal landscape, discussing different legal frameworks and regulations across various jurisdictions, and significant legal cases that have shaped the current discourse. From an ethical standpoint, this article explores the ethical considerations involved in assisted suicide, including autonomy, dignity, and the sanctity of life, and presents the perspectives of different stakeholders. The medical perspective examines the role of healthcare professionals, the criteria for assisted suicide, and empirical research on its effectiveness and safety. Realworld case studies are presented to illustrate the complexities of assisted suicide. Furthermore, this article analyses public opinion and ongoing debates on the topic. Ultimately, this analysis aims to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of assisted suicide, fostering informed discussions and encouraging further exploration of this contentious issue.

VALUING INDIGENOUS RIGHTS OVER FOREST GOVERNANCE IN SIX ASEAN MEMBER COUNTRIES

Indigenous forests and indigenous communities have always shared a deep emotional, spiritual, and practical bond. This paper aims to methodically examine the relationship between the level of rights held by indigenous people concerning indigenous forest governance and the ability of the indigenous community in ensuring the long-term viability of its ecosystems. Concurrently, in examining and discussing these issues it is hoped that it can also contribute to the survival of the indigenous people in the future. The elucidation of indigenous people’s rights in the context of indigenous forest governance is based on the empirical scrutiny of the study hypotheses, utilizing the Sikor et al. type of rights. A quantitative analysis through Somer analysis was also carried out on the comprehensive secondary data sets obtained from six selected ASEAN member countries. The findings show that the six selected ASEAN member countries have not yet been granted the third level of rights for indigenous peoples with regard to indigenous forest governance. The statistical evidence strongly suggests the urgent need in these countries to grant indigenous people rights over indigenous forest governance, both within a legal framework and in practical implementation, particularly at the definitional and allocative level of rights. The absence of such rights at the highest levels raises significant concerns about the sustainability of indigenous forests and the welfare of indigenous people across the observed ASEAN member countries.