Legal Aspects Of Medicine Research Articles

Sued, Subpoenaed or Sworn in: Use of a Flipped-Classroom Style Medicolegal Workshop for Emergency Medicine Residents.

It is an unfortunate truth that Emergency Medicine (EM) physicians will, at some point, have contact with the medicolegal system. However, most EM residency training programs lack education on the legal system in their curriculum, leaving EM physicians unprepared for litigation. To fill this gap, we designed a high-yield and succinct medical legal workshop highlighting legal issues commonly encountered by EM physicians. We aimed to determine the effectiveness of this curriculum by measuring pre and post knowledge questions. A two-hour session included a case-based discussion of common misconceptions held by physicians about the legal system, proper steps when interacting with the legal system and review of legal documents. This session was developed with the involvement of our hospital legal counsel and discussed real encounters. The effectiveness of the session was determined using pre- and post-session surveys assessing participant knowledge and comfort approaching the scenarios. A total of 34 EM residents had the opportunity to complete this workshop as a part of their conference curriculum. A total of 26 participants completed the pre-survey and 19 participants completed the post-survey. No participants had previous training in the legal aspects of medicine, including handling a subpoena, serving as a witness, or giving a deposition. The pre-survey demonstrated that there was significant uncertainty surrounding the processes, definitions, and the legal system interaction. Many participants stated they would not know what to do if they received a subpoena (85.71%), were called as a witness in a trial (96.43%) or receive correspondence from a lawyer (96.43%). The post survey revealed an increased knowledge base and confidence following the session. 100% of residents reported knowing what to do after receiving a subpoena, being called as a witness and understanding the process involved in giving a deposition. All residents reported that the session was beneficial and provided crucial information. EM residents have limited baseline understanding of how to approach common legal scenarios. Educational materials available for this curriculum topic are limited. Based on the rapid knowledge increase observed in our residents, we believe our workshop could be adapted for use at other residency programs.

Profile of Cases of Alleged Medical Negligence at Tertiary Care Centre: -A Retrospective Study

The concept of medical negligence is not new in India. It is there for a long time but since the last 2 decades, medical negligence and legal aspects of medicine have acquired great significance. Today the number of cases of medical litigation is increasing and already it has become a great problem especially for surgeons, anesthetists, obstetricians and gynecologists. The threat of litigation has increased to a great extent after the inclusion of medical services under the preview of Consumer Protection Act 1986 and 2002. The present study is an attempt to discover the ground realisms and basic drawbacks in the service of the healthcare which gives a boost to allegations against the medical practitioners. In this study we have taken into consideration the cases of alleged medical negligence that are referred for expert opinion to the Government medical college, Aurangabad in the period of 2011 to 2015. In the present study Large no. of allegations cases were related to the age group 21–30 years (35.94%). Females in the reproductive age-group (21–40) years had the most frequent no. of cases (54.71%) of allegations. Large no. of cases (78.13%) were related to urban population as against rural population (21.88%). Cases related to allegations against the private hospitals scored more (71.88%) than against government hospitals. 47% of cases were related to surgical specialties which was more than the medicinal aspect.

Knowledge of Fresh Interns About Legal Aspects of Medicine

Knowledge of Fresh Interns About Legal Aspects of Medicine

Now a day’s forensic entomology is considered as important tool in medico-legal cases

Forensic entomology is the use of arthropod evidence in legal investigations is becoming increasingly more important in such investigations. Most often, forensic entomologists assist homicide investigations by estimating the time of death using information on the biology and ecology of arthropods. In murder investigations it deals with which insect’s eggs appear, their location on the body and in what order they appear. In medico-legal death investigations one of the most critical question is, ‘‘When did the death take place?’’ An accurate estimation of the post mortem interval has special relevance in a homicide case because this information can narrow the field of possible suspects in a crime. Forensic entomology helpful in determining a post mortem interval (PMI) and location of a death in question. Since many insects exhibit a degree of endemism (occurring only in certain places), or have a well-defined phenology (active only at a certain season, or time of day), their presence in association with other evidence can demonstrate potential links to times and locations where other events may have occurred. Another area covered by medico legal forensic entomology is the relatively new field of entomotoxicology. This particular branch involves the utilization of entomological specimens found at a scene in order to test for different drugs that may have possibly played a role in the death of the victim. Forensic entomology is recognized in many countries as an important tool for legal investigations. Unfortunately, it has not received much attention in Bangladesh as an important investigative tool. This paper reviews the various types of insect’s behavior on corpse also important information we will find from them. This is helpful for the investigators, law personnel and researchers aware of the importance of entomology in criminal investigations. Correct estimation of the post mortem interval is one of the most important aspects of legal medicine.

Difficulties of the Medico-Legal Practice in Benghazi

Legal aspects of medicine are based on statutory and case laws relevant to the practice of medicine. Laws are specific; ethics are conceptual. The principles and provisions of the law also apply to medicine. In most instances laws and ethics are congruent. But different cultural approaches between countries, and within multicultural societies such as Australia, can lead to differing views regarding applicable ethical mores. Medico legal centre in Benghazi city (Eastern Libya) responsible for examination and reporting of living and death cases, this study was focused on the facilities available to do such a scientific examination and to recommend the centre about the suitable solutions.

Medical aspects of insanity in Polish Criminal Law

Abstract Introduction Insanity is an issue at the border between two different fields of science: law and medicine. Medicine is a widely developed field that undergoes continuous and dynamic development. On the other hand, legal aspects of medicine are based on classical medical solutions adopted already in the 19th century science. Insanity is a strictly legal term. Definition of this term is an extremely important aspect for the application of Art. 31 of the Penal Code, since its interpretation determines criminal liability, and in consequence the use of criminal penalties or security measures. Aim The aim of this work was to present the issue of insanity in respect to the Polish Criminal Law and current medical knowledge. Material and methods Dogmatic-legal analysis of the current legal regulations in Poland through the prism of well-established Supreme Court jurisprudence and literature of the field was conducted. Results and discussion Recently, the condition for liability of a perpetrator for a criminal act is guilt, which in certain circumstances may be excluded. Culpability does not occur inter alia in situations where the state of mind of the perpetrator shows some deficiency. A Polish legislator provides three sources of insanity: mental illness, mental retardation, and other mental disturbance activities. Two psychological criteria of the very state are also defined, which at the same time are the consequences of the above-mentioned sources: inability to recognize the significance of the act and inability to manage its conduct. Conclusions The issue of insanity requires effective combination of complex and suitable legal structures, current medical knowledge, and interest of an individual and society. For the effective and accurate regulations of the issue of insanity and well-functioning practice, a dialog between the two professions is required. Specifying the term of insanity is the responsibility of physicians, since its clarification on the basis of current legal status is unreasonable and inadequate due to the fact that its extent is each time determined by the current medical knowledge.

Legal Aspects of Medicines – Second editionLegal Aspects of Medicines – Second edition

Legal Aspects of Medicines – Second editionLegal Aspects of Medicines – Second edition

Legal Aspects of Medicine

<i>Legal Aspects of Medicine</i>

University of Central Florida College of Medicine

University of Central Florida College of Medicine

Incorporating Professionalism into Medical Education: The Mayo Clinic Experience

Professionalism is a core competency of physicians. In this article, the statements of professional societies (e.g., the Charter on Medical Professionalism), the expectations of patients and society regarding professionalism, and a framework for defining medical professionalism are described. The framework's foundation consists of clinical competence, communication skills, and a sound understanding of the ethical and legal aspects of medicine. Rising from this foundation are attributes of professionalism: accountability, altruism, excellence, and humanism. The capstone of the framework is professionalism, or the complete physician. Reasons for teaching professionalism to and assessing professionalism among medical students, physicians in training, and physicians in practice are also described. These reasons include patient expectations; the association between professionalism and improved clinical outcomes (and the association between unprofessional behavior and adverse outcomes); accreditation organization requirements; and observations that professionalism can be taught, learned, and assessed. In addition, methods for teaching professionalism are described (e.g., didactic lectures, discussion groups, simulation, and role-modeling). To ensure that medical students, physicians in training, and physicians in practice are competent in professionalism, they should be assessed for professionalism. Thus, approaches to assessing professionalism are also described (e.g., multiple tools and observers). Professionalism assessments can be used for formative and summative feedback, evaluation of professionalism education programs, and generating hypotheses for professionalism research. Finally, the rich history and culture of clinical excellence and professionalism and specific programs for teaching and assessing professionalism at Mayo Clinic are described throughout this article. Indeed, the Mayo Clinic experience validates professionalism a s a core physician competency.

Analysis – What is legal medicine?

Legal medicine addresses the interface between medicine and law in health care. The Australian College of Legal Medicine (ACLM) established itself as the peak body in legal and forensic medicine in Australia. It helped establish the Expert Witness Institute of Australia (EWIA), the legal medicine programme at Griffith University and contributes to government enquiries. Public health, disability assessment, competing priorities of privacy verses notification and determination of fitness for a host of pursuits are aspects of legal medicine. Complementing the EWIA, the ACLM runs training programmes emphasising legal medicine skills additional to clinical practice, advocating clinical relevance. Assessment of athletes’ fitness and ensuring that prohibited substances are not inadvertently prescribed represent a growing area of legal medicine. Ethical consideration of health care should respect legal medicine principles rather than armchair commentary. International conventions must be respected by legal medicine and dictate physicians’ obligations. The NSW courts imposed a duty to provide emergency medical care. Migration and communicable diseases are aspects of legal medicine. Police surgeons provide a face to legal medicine (which incorporates forensic medicine) underpinning its public perception of specialty recognition. Legal medicine deserves its place as a medical specialty in its own right.

Postgraduate diploma or LLM (Master of Laws) in medical law, University of Northumbria

FURTHER INFORMATION School of Law, Sutherland Building, University of Northumbria, Newcastle NE1 8ST. (0191) 227 4433; fax: (0191) 227 4557. The diploma or LLM is aimed at anyone interested in medical law, or anyone who wants to gain further insight into legal aspects of medicine and medicolegal aspects of the law (depending on their viewpoint or discipline). Module topics include legal principles and methodology, clinical …

A Study of Physicians’ Knowledge Concerning the Legal Aspects of Medical/Surgical Profession at Medical and Surgical Departments in Alexandria Main University Hospital [AMUH

Objective: To investigate physicians’ knowledge about the legal aspects of medical/surgical profession. This observational cross-sectional study was conducted at internal medicine and surgical departments at AMUH in the period from 16/3/2004 to 30/4/2004. Data was collected through a specifically designed self-administered questionnaire handed-out to 506 personnel comprising all physicians, including house-officers, presently working in study departments. Data collection tool was composed of three sections, first section included seven items covering physicians’ personal and professional attributes; second section, comprised a forty-three-item scale measuring physicians’ knowledge about legal aspects of their profession; and a third five-item section covering other inquiry points. One hundred and sixty six physicians responded. Results: 65.7% of physicians had a poor overall knowledge level and 98.2% had no previous training pertaining to legal aspects of medical/surgical profession. Approximately [four-fifths] 81.9% were dissatisfied with their level of knowledge about legal aspects of medicine, yet, 86.1% were interested to be trained. About one-third [34%] of licensed physicians had been involved in legal difficulties related to the practice of medicine and surgery. It was demonstrated that residents, assistant lecturers and lecturers were the category most liable to have legal difficulties due to the practice of medicine and surgery. It was concluded that medicine and law meet in some very important ways, together, these two domains of knowledge tackle such subjects as professional confidentiality, sanctity of the dead, euthanasia, informed consent, torts, and definition of death to name a few. Through healthcare is a high-risk industry, this study revealed that physicians at AMUH, had an overall poor level of knowledge regarding the legal aspects of medical/surgical responsibilities; however, the majority was dissatisfied with this lack of knowledge and interested in having training programs specifically designed to cover the legal aspects of medical/surgical practice. It was recommended that physicians and students should be made more familiar with the theories and procedures involved in medical malpractice through specifically designed educational problems formulated to continuously make physicians adequately knowledgeable about sources of torts and malpractice risks according to Egyptian Law. Risk management was presented as a preventive strategy to protect customer, provider, and institution against malpractice and litigation. Embracing clinical expectations [guidelines] within the context of QI was also advised.

Recommendations on the PRHO year

Medical EducationVolume 31, Issue s1 p. 79-80 Recommendations on the PRHO year First published: 29 January 2009 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2923.1997.tb02600.xCitations: 3Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Summary • There will be a nationally determined assessment process for PRHOs to demonstrate their eligibility for full registration by the GMC. (Agreement for this was by a clear consensus.) • Structured appraisal of the PRHO by the Educational Supervisor will occur on a minimum of three occasions during any element of the year. This allows educational and service objectives to be agreed, monitored and their achievement considered. • All medical students will shadow a PRHO as a normal part of the undergraduate curriculum. • Medical students will have a record of educational progress to take to their PRHO posts which documents their competence to perform clinical procedures including cardio-pulmonary resuscitation. • The structure and processes of the NHS and the legal aspects of medicine will be addressed in the undergraduate curriculum. • In defining the role of the PRHO, the conference agreed with the basic principle in ‘The New Doctor’ that PRHOs are undergoing general clinical training as the final year of basic medical education and that they ‘are learning to become doctors by providing a service’. • A model learning and service contract will be drawn up nationally by the Postgraduate Medical Deans in consultation with the NHS Trusts and the BMA. • Individual contracts will be created and agreed by the NHS Trust as employer, the Postgraduate Medical Deans and the PRHO. • In order to fulfil the responsibilities of Educational Supervisors as set out in the ‘The New Doctor’ they need to be trained, valued and resourced. • All Educational Supervisors will have had formal training for their role by August 1999. • The Postgraduate Medical Deans on behalf of the universities will take the lead in transferring the GMC recommendations for the PRHO into an educational curriculum. Citing Literature Volume31, Issues1December 1997Pages 79-80 RelatedInformation

A Question of Medicines

Over the past three issues, Jonathan Elliott has set out a drugs classification system and explained the basic principles of calculating drugs dosages. Here, in ‘A question of medicines’, he invites you to test your knowledge of the legal aspects of medicines and prescribing. The answers are given on page 199.

Long-term follow-up of an alternative medical curriculum.

The Alternative Curriculum (AC), an elective program at the University of Virginia School of Medicine that enrolled a total of 48 students in 1973 and 1974, was one of many demonstration and pilot programs conducted during the 1970s. Its principal features were (1) a three-year time span; (2) early, prolonged, and intensive instruction in clinical skills; (3) intensive consideration of behavioral, social, economic, ethical, and legal aspects of medicine in a patient-centered curriculum; (4) an extensive course in sexuality; (5) an independent study format for two preclinical courses; (6) instruction in cardiopulmonary resuscitation; and (7) participation in the activities of the local rescue squad. In view of continuing questions about the structure and content of medical school curricula, it seemed worthwhile to try to determine what effects the program might have had on the participants during medical school and in their subsequent careers. In 1991, data on the AC participants were collected, largely by means of a survey but also by examination of the participants' medical school records and determination of their current professional status. Of the 48 participants, 44 were available for the survey, and 37 returned completed questionnaires. The great majority of the respondents had positive opinions about the program's three-year time span, morale during the program, and beneficial effects of the program's special content during their clerkships, postgraduate training programs, and subsequent careers. They thought they had had enough time to make informed specialty choices and did not think that their participation in the AC had been a handicap in getting the internships they wanted. Fewer than half of the students thought that the AC had influenced their career choices, and only 26% were currently in primary care specialties. The AC was successful in improving students' morale during the preclinical segment, preparing them for clerkships, and increasing their sensitivity to the patient as a whole. That the program was not effective in inducing students to enter primary care specialties supports the view that curriculum content is not a major factor in students' choices of specialty.

Legal Aspects of Medicine

Legal Aspects of Medicine

Legal Aspects of Medicine: Including Cardiology, Pulmonary Medicine, and Critical Care Medicine

"No medical approach to death can be viewed apart from its impact on these other social and legal considerations" (p 198). This quote from the chapter "Brain Death and the Law" in<i>Legal Aspects of Medicine</i>I feel sums up the thrust of this rather nice book. As a matter of fact, if you delete the phrase "to death," it would be a timely reminder that little we do as physicians can be done in a medical vacuum; virtually every act of our daily practice has ramifications beyond the effort to heal our patients. Perhaps if we had more regard for these ramifications some of the medical-legal and medical-social problems that beset us would not be so troublesome. Vevaina, Bone, and Kassoff have assembled an impressive array of authors and persuaded them to deal with a wide variety of medical and legal problems in a pithy fashion. None of the

Doctors and Diseases in the Roman Empire

ABSTRACT Fascinating, well-researched, and easily read books about ancient Roman medicine are rare. The last one directed to a wide audience, written 20 years ago by John Scarborough, is out of print. Yet the subject of classical medicine's struggle to fly the nest of philosophy is still instructive today. It remains relevant to reflect that throughout medical history absurd theories have often rubbed shoulders with sensible measures.Unlike the works of Celsus and Pliny the Elder, this modern De Medicina employs the best archaeological research to augment what ancient medical writers said about doctors and diseases in the Roman Empire. For example, analyses of the actual drugs and plants found while excavating the Roman military hospitals are used to amplify our knowledge about the classical pharmacopoeias. Papyrus documents, letters, and inscribed tombstones shed light on the personal, social, and legal aspects of medicine. The remains of hospitals and healing sanctuaries demonstrate

Legal aspects of medicine: Including cardiology, pulmonary medicine and critical care medicine

Legal Aspects of Medicine: Including Cardiology, Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, Edited BY Vevaina, J.R., Bone, R.C., & Kassoff, E. (Springer‐Verlag, New York, N.Y., 1989), 340 pages, $73.00.