Left Slope Research Articles

Implied volatility slopes and jumps in bitcoin options market

This paper derives a theoretical relation between the left and right slopes of the implied volatility curve with negative and positive price jumps. Empirical analysis using bitcoin options tick-by-tick data from Deribit exchange supported the theoretical findings that negative and positive jumps have reversal impacts on bitcoin options' implied volatility slopes even after the control of net-buying-pressure and realized positive and negative skewness measures.

Pemodelan Data Kecelakaan pada Perlintasan Sebidang Kereta Api DAOP VII Madiun

The study aims to find the most suitable regression model of railroad level crossings accident data to obtain factors significantly affect the number of fatalities in DAOP VII Madiun. The variables used were road width, right slope, left slope, train frequency, type of crossing, large kilometer angle of view, small kilometer angle of view, Early Warning System, road status, type of crossing gates, left and right caution sign, and rumble band markings. The study used comparing method between the results of the Poisson regression model and the Negative Binomial regression model. It is found that the Negative Binomial regression model has a smaller Akaike Information Criteria and Root Mean Square Error than the Poisson model. It can be concluded that the Negative Binomial regression model is a better choice in modeling accident data in DAOP VII Madiun level crossing. Based on the modeling result, the factors significantly affect the number of fatalities in level crossings accident are road width, road status, type of crossing gate, and the presence or absence of caution signs.

Left atrial diastasis strain slope is a marker of hemodynamic recovery in post-ST elevation myocardial infarction: the Laser Atherectomy for STemi, Pci Analysis with Scintigraphy Study (LAST-PASS).

Left atrial (LA) mechanics are strongly linked with left ventricular (LV) filling. The LA diastasis strain slope (LADSS), which spans between the passive and active LA emptying phases, may be a key indicator of the LA-LV interplay during diastole. This study aimed to investigate the LA-LV interdependencies in post-ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), with particular focus on the LADSS. Patients with post-anterior STEMI who received primary percutaneous coronary intervention underwent contrast cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during acute (5-9 days post-STEMI) and chronic (at 6 months) phases. The LADSS was categorized into three groups: Groups 1, 2, and 3 representing positive, flat, and negative slopes, respectively. Cross-sectional correlates of LADSS Group 2 or 3 compared to Group 1 were identified, adjusting for demographics, LA indices, and with or without LV indices. The associations of acute phase LADSS with the recovery of LV ejection fraction (LVEF) and scar amount were investigated. Sixty-six acute phase (86.4% male, 63.1 ± 11.8 years) and 59 chronic phase cardiac MRI images were investigated. The distribution across LADSS Groups 1, 2, and 3 in the acute phase was 24.2%, 28.9%, and 47.0%, respectively, whereas in the chronic phase, it was 33.9%, 22.0%, and 44.1%, respectively. LADSS Group 3 demonstrated a higher heart rate than Group 1 in the acute phase (61.9 ± 8.7 vs. 73.5 ± 11.9 bpm, p < 0.01); lower LVEF (48.7 ± 8.6 vs. 41.8 ± 9.9%, p = 0.041) and weaker LA passive strain rate (SR) (-1.1 ± 0.4 vs. -0.7 [-1.2 to -0.6] s-1, p = 0.037) in the chronic phase. Chronic phase Group 3 exhibited weaker LA passive SR [relative risk ratio (RRR) = 8.8, p = 0.012] than Group 1 after adjusting for demographics and LA indices; lower LVEF (RRR = 0.85, p < 0.01), higher heart rate (RRR = 1.1, p = 0.070), and less likelihood of being male (RRR = 0.08, p = 0.058) after full adjustment. Acute phase LADSS Groups 2 and 3 predicted poor recovery of LVEF when adjusted for demographics and LA indices; LADSS Group 2 remained a predictor in the fully adjusted model (β = -5.8, p = 0.013). The LADSS serves both as a marker of current LV hemodynamics and its recovery in post-anterior STEMI. The LADSS is an important index of LA-LV interdependency during diastole. https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier NCT03950310.

Quantitative Evaluation of the Lumbar Multifidus Muscle by Shear Wave Dispersion in Healthy Adults: A Preliminary Study.

To investigate the application value of shear wave dispersion (SWD) in healthy adults with the lumbar multifidus muscle (LMM), to determine the range of normal reference values, and to analyze the influences of factors on the parameter. Ninety-five healthy volunteers participated in the study, from whom 2-dimensional, shear wave elastography (SWE), and SWD images of the bilateral LMM were acquired in three positions (prone, standing, and anterior flexion). Subcutaneous fat thickness (SFH), SWE velocity, and SWD slope were measured accordingly for analyses. The mean SWD slope of the bilateral LMM in the prone position was as follows: left: 14.8 ± 3.1 (m/second)/kHz (female) and 13.0 ± 2.5 (m/second)/kHz (male); right: 14.8 ± 3.7 (m/second)/kHz (female) and 14.2 ± 3.4 (m/second)/kHz (male). In the prone position, there was a weak negative correlation between the bilateral LMM SWD slope of activity level 2 and level 1 (β = -1.5 (2 versus 1, left), -1.9 (2 versus 1, right), all P < .05), and between the left SWD slope of activity level 3 and level 1 (β = -2.3 [3 versus 1, left], P < .05). The correlation between SWE velocity and SWD slope value changed with the position: there was a weak positive correlation in the prone position (r = 0.3 [left], 0.37 [right], both P < .05), and a moderate positive correlation in the standing and anterior flexed positions (r = 0.49-0.74, both P < .001). SFH was moderately negatively correlated with bilateral SWD slope values in the anterior flexion (left: r = -0.4, P = .01; right: r = -0.7, P < .01). SWD imaging can be used as an adjunct tool to aid in the assessment of viscosity in LMM. Further, activity level, and position are influencing factors that should be considered in clinical practice.

Effect of Spindle Speed and Feed Rate on Surface Roughness and Milling Duration in the Fabrication of Milled Complete Dentures: An In Vitro Study

Milling machines have made denture fabrication possible with high accuracy in a short time. However, the relationship between the milling conditions, accuracy, and milling duration has not been clarified. This study aimed to clarify the effects of milling conditions on surface roughness and milling duration. The specimen was designed using CAD software and milled using PMMA disks. In milling, the parameters of finishing the specimen surface were adjusted. Three different spindle speeds and four different feed rates were set. Twelve combinations of each parameter were used for milling, and the surface roughness and milling duration were measured. Results showed that the surface roughness significantly increased with the feed rate on the slopes of the specimen. The surface roughness differed with the spindle speed on the left and right slopes. The spindle speed and feed rate did not affect the surface roughness on the flat surface. The milling duration was not affected by the spindle speed but decreased as the feed rate increased. In conclusion, by increasing both the spindle speed and feed rate, the milling duration could be shortened while maintaining a constant surface quality. The optimum milling conditions were a spindle speed of 40,000 rpm and feed rate of 3500 mm/min.

PRIMJENA KONTROLISANOG MINIRANJA PRI ISKOPU ULAZNOG PORTALA DESNE TUNELESKE CIJEVI TUNELA „VRANDUK“ NA KORIDORU VC

The height of the section of the right portal structure, Vranduk tunnel, starts at 337.24, while the height of the left side starts at 331.74. The projected level of the right tunnel pipe is at 315.24, which means that it is necessary to excavate 22m' of the right and 16.50m' of the left slope. Excavation work was carried out using a combination of mechanical excavation and blasting. Excavation with a hydraulic excavator to a height of 10-11m' to the level of the tunnel was not economically acceptable because it was a rock mass of considerable hardness with an average uniaxial strength of qu=45 MPa. The main task and the biggest challenge during the excavation by blasting the rock mass at the intersections is the determination of the drilling and mining parameters that will ensure as little damage as possible to the depth of the contour part of the rock mass, and reduce all potential harmful effects of blasting to a minimum. This paper describes the determination of drilling and mining parameters during the excavation of the entrance portal of the right tunnel pipe of the "Vranduk" tunnel on the Vc corridor.

The influence of diabetes and age-related degeneration on body balance control during static standing: a study based on plantar center-of-pressure trajectories and principal component analysis

BackgroundAging and diabetes can impair the balance function of the elderly and diabetic patients and increase their fall risk. This study aimed to assess the shaking amplitude of the center-of-pressure (CoP) during static standing, to analyze the effects of aging and diabetes on the balance control.Materials and methodsThis cross-sectional observational study, compared the balance performance of 20 healthy younger adults (27.65 ± 5.60 years), 16 healthy older adults (58.88 ± 3.54 years) and 15 diabetic patients (58.33 ± 5.33 years) in four static standing conditions on a force plate: horizontal, anteroposterior (AP), left and right slope planes (5° angles on AP, left and right directions, respectively). The trajectory coordinates of the CoP over time were recorded and analyzed by principal components analysis to obtain the 95% confidence ellipse and its parameters: angle, major and minor axes lengths, and area. The balance indicators were compared among the three groups using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Brown–Forsythe test or Kruskal–Wallis H test, depending on the normality and homogeneity of variance assumptions.ResultsThe diabetic group had a significantly larger confidence ellipse area than the healthy younger adults on the horizontal plane (P = 0.032) and than the healthy older adults on the horizontal (P = 0.036), AP slope (P = 0.023), and right ML slope (P = 0.037) planes. There were no significant differences in the major axis length of the confidence ellipse among the three groups. The diabetic group had a significantly longer minor axis length than the healthy younger adults on the AP slope (P = 0.039), left ML slope (P = 0.045) and right ML slope (P = 0.016) planes and than the healthy older adults on the AP slope (P = 0.007), left ML slope (P = 0.035) and right ML slope (P = 0.012) planes.ConclusionsThe balance control of diabetic patients is decreased compared with healthy younger and older people, and the body swing amplitude increases mainly in the direction of minor axis of confidence ellipse during static standing, while the swing amplitude in the direction of the major axis has no significant change. Evaluating the balance function of diabetic patients can help clinicians identify people with fall risk early and intervene early, thereby reducing the occurrence of fall events in this population.

Analysis and classification of 1H-NMR spectra by multifractal analysis.

The objective of this research focuses on the development of a statistical methodology able to answer the question of whether variation in the intake of sulfur amino acids (SAA) affects the metabolic process. Traditional approaches, which evaluate specific biomarkers after a series of preprocessing procedures, have been criticized as not being fully informative, as well as inappropriate for translation of methodology. Rather than focusing on particular biomarkers, our proposed methodology involves the multifractal analysis that measures the inhomogeneity of regularity of the proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectrum by wavelet-based multifractal spectrum. With two different statistical models (Model-I and Model-II), three different geometric features of the multifractal spectrum of each 1H-NMR spectrum (spectral mode, left slope, and broadness) are employed to evaluate the effect of SAA and discriminate 1H-NMR spectra associated with different treatments. The investigated effects of SAA include group effect (high and low doses of SAA), depletion/repletion effect, and time over data effect. The 1H-NMR spectra analysis outcomes show that group effect is significant for both models. The hourly variation in time and depletion/repletion effects does not show noticeable differences for the three features in Model-I. However, these two effects are significant for the spectral mode feature in Model-II. The 1H-NMR spectra of the SAA low groups exhibit highly regular patterns with more variability than that of the SAA high groups for both models. Moreover, the discriminatory analysis conducted using the support vector machine and the principal components analysis shows that the 1H-NMR spectra of SAA high and low groups can be easily discriminatory for both models, while the spectra of depletion and repletion within these groups are discriminatory for Model-I and Model-II. Therefore, the study outcomes imply that the amount of SAA is important and that SAA intake affects mostly the hourly variation of the metabolic process and the difference between depletion and repletion each day. In conclusion, the proposed multifractal analysis of 1H-NMR spectra provides a novel tool to investigate metabolic processes.

Horizontal transport in the bouncing ball system with a sawtooth-shaped table

The system that consists of a ball bouncing off a sawtooth-shaped table vibrating vertically is considered. The horizontal motion in this system is caused by the table shape, and we plotted the mean horizontal velocity as a function of the asymmetry of the table shape. The ball is transported in the direction which the gentler slopes face for the high-bounce parameter region. To give a description to the net asymmetric transport, we derive a simplified model using assumptions of high bounce and probabilistic collision to the left or right slopes. The simplified model exhibits a horizontal transport qualitatively similar to that observed in the original model.

A Simple Line-Element Model for Three-Dimensional Analysis of Steady Free Surface Flow through Porous Media

Considering the fact that only pores can transport water, pores in the homogeneous control volume are conceptualized as a three-dimensional orthogonal network of line elements, which is in contrast to the continuum hypothesis in traditional numerical approaches. The related flow velocity, hydraulic conductivity and continuity equation equivalent to the continuum model are formulated based on the principle of flow balance. Subsequently, the unified form for flow velocity and continuity equation is established based on the local coordinate system, and a finite line-element method is developed, in which three-dimensional steady free surface flow is reduced to one-dimensional form, and the numerical difficulty is greatly decreased. The proposed line-element model is validated by the good agreements of free surface locations with other methods through steady flow in a rectangular dam and a right trapezoidal dam, respectively. It is found that the proposed line-element model is not heavily dependent on the mesh size and penalty parameter. Steady free surface flow on the left bank abutment slope of the Kajiwa Dam in Southwestern China is further evaluated, and a parabolic variational inequality algorithm based on the continuum model is also employed for comparison. The consistent results indicate that the proposed line-element model can capture the steady free surface flow behavior as well as the continuum-based method. Moreover, the proposed line-element model can rapidly achieve accurate solutions whether for simple examples or for complicated engineering applications.

RESTORING OF THE BASIN STATUS OF SIVERSKY DONETS-ZAPURUKA, SOLUTION OF THE MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF DONBAS

On the basis of a comprehensive analysis of physical-geographical, geological, geomorphological, hydrogeological, engineering-geological and hydrological data, an unjustified biased lowering of the basin status of the Siverskyi Donets River to the sub-basin of the Don River was proved. The main hydrological and hydrogeological differences of the Don river basin and the Siverskyi Donets river basin have been clarified. The restoration of the basin status of the Siverskyi Donets River has been substantiated and 17 sub-basins have been identified, including 7 on the left slope and 10 on the right slope of the Siverskyi Donets river, which has a great environmental significance. Balanced and balanced modeling of scenarios of uncontrolled flooding of coal mines and the organization of regional and zonal monitoring of groundwater and surface water in the territory of Kharkiv, Donetsk and Luhansk regions, thanks to the restoration of the basin status of the Siverskyi Donets River, will become more informative and more reliable.

Analisis Penanganan Longsoran Pada Bangunan Pelimpah Bendungan Ciawi

The shallow landslide on the left slope of the Ciawi Dam spillway occurred in June 2020. The landslide occurred gradually and disrupted the progress of the dam construction. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the stability of the slope and determine the safe number of the slope then providing recommendations for proper handling. The method used in this study is the limit equilibrium method with the SLOPE/W geostudio program which is run in two methods of determining safety factor, Bishop and Fellenius/Ordinary. Based on the results of the stability analysis, the safety factor is 0.915 for Bishop method and 0.852 for Ordinary method. The first attempt at handling the slopes was to reduce the slope, but this effort did not provide a significant increase in the number of safety factor. The next handling is to use the reinforcement of 3 borepiles with a depth of 35 m, 40 m, and 45 m with a distance between the piles of 40 mm with a shear strength of 150 kN. This effort provides a safety factor number of 1.754 Bishop's method and 1.546 Ordinary’s method with the result that it meets the safety requirements of slope reinforcement.

Історичні ландшафти перших цукроварень Поділля

The locations of the first sugar factories in Podillia have been identified. The post-technogenic landscapes formed within these locations were studied. The history of the emergence in 1824-1827 and the disappearance (mid-1840s, beginning of 1860s) of the oldest Podil sugar factories in Ukraine is described. These factories were located near the city of Bershad’, Vinnytsia region. The locations of these factories have been established on the outskirts of Glynske village and on Vorony village near the Bershad’. The authenticity of the post-technogenic landscapes formed at the locations of factories was proven by the methods of archaeological soil science and landscape indication. The first sugar factory was located near Glynske village, on the left slope of the valley and on a fragment of the high floodplain of the Dokhna River, the right tributary of the Southern Bug. The second plant was located near Vorony village on the steep slope of the valley of the small Viitivochka River near its confluence with the Dokhna. In the structure of modern landscapes, evidence of the presence of industrial facilities in the past was found here (an old driveway, remains of stone foundations, numerous man-made inclusions in outcrops, in the lower part of the slopes – areas with a hilly characteristic of strongly demutated post-man-made landscapes of sugar mills -pit microrelief of artificial origin, etc.). The results of drilling (up to 270 cm) and descriptions of soil sections testify to the presence of man-made activity in the past related to the production processes of sugar production. The historical status of these landscapes – as a monument of the history of science and technology of Ukraine, and accordingly – the requirement of legal confirmation of such a status for them is substantiated.

Interior structure of gravitationally deformed bodies on the left slope of Azusa River, Kamikochi, Nagano Prefecture, central Japan

Interior structure of gravitationally deformed bodies on the left slope of Azusa River, Kamikochi, Nagano Prefecture, central Japan

Long-Term Cross-Slope Variation in Highways Built on Soft Soil under Coupling Action of Traffic Load and Consolidation

The variation in road cross slope with service life affects the pavement drainage and has an adverse effect on vehicle operation safety. This paper describes a cross-slope variation prediction method influenced by the coupling effect of traffic load and soil consolidation, considering characteristics of embankment to cover the shortage for insufficient consideration of compacted embankment. First, the traffic load-induced settlement equation of a highway on soft soil foundation was introduced, which considers the effects of traffic load stress, confining pressure, soil structure, strength weakening and cyclic loading times on different positions along the cross-section. Then, the finite element model of a highway on soft soil foundations under soil consolidation is established, considering the influence of soil seepage. Finally, predictions of long-term settlement and cross-slope variation generated by coupling action of traffic load and soil consolidation were carried out with contrastive analysis with measured data. We find the following: (1) the long-term settlement was mostly from the consolidation of natural soft subsoil, while the cross-slope variation was mainly affected by traffic load; (2) variation in the cross slope of highway in soft soil areas mainly occurs within 1 year of operation. The effect of passenger cars and trucks on cross-slope variation shows diametrically opposite results, as the passenger car lane decreases while the truck lane increases; (3) the relative error of the cross-slope variation prediction results with the measured data are 2.86% and 2.5% for the left and right lane cross slopes, respectively.

Pore-water pressure accumulation during closely spaced earthquakes: Fundão Tailings Dam

ABSTRACT This paper focuses on pore-water pressure accumulation in loose sandy tailings during three (3) earthquakes within four minutes and the accompanying decrease in effective stress to assess the dynamic stability of the Fundão Tailings Dam, which failed on 5 November 2015. Results of laboratory cyclic direct simple shear tests are used to illustrate the accumulation of pore-water pressures with closely spaced low-level cyclic events. The seismically-induced pore-water pressures in the loose sands below the left abutment downstream slope and setback area are used to estimate the decrease in factor of safety with time until failure occurred within 20–30 minutes of the earthquakes. Field cone penetration and standard penetration test conducted prior to the failure are used to calculate the factor of safety against liquefaction to estimate pore-water pressures generated during the fore, main, and aftershocks in the sandy tailings. The effective stress stability analyses utilise a liquefied shear strength ratio for the sand tailings below the left abutment downstream slope and toe of the plateau because the sand tailings reached the critical state condition due to a reduction in the effective stress. SITE LOCATION: 20.206500°S, 43.467111°W

Slope Stability Analysis Using Finite Element Method on Tepus-Jerukwudel Road

Tepus-Jerukwudel Road construction is one of the South Coast Java Road sections located in Gunungkidul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta. One of the hills with the deepest excavation depth is at STA 14+350. The research location includes the Punung Formation which is dominated by reef limestones. The existing rock lithology is floatstone. The depth of the road excavation is more than 20 meters. The slope design is 3V:1H. This research aimed to analyze the slope stability of the Tepus-Jerukwudel Road and assess the safety factor of the slope design. We used the finite element method (FEM) in the Rocscience Phase2 v8.0 software by applying the Generalized Hoek-Brown method for the rock failure criteria. The loads considered in the slope stability analysis were live loads, dead loads, surcharge loads, and seismic loads. The results of the slope analysis without seismic loads resulted in the safety factor values for the left and right slopes of 4,49 and 3,32, respectively. For seismic loads conditions, the safety factor values for the left and right slopes are 3,74 and 2,66. The results indicated that slope design of the road is in a stable condition in accordance with the estimated static and seismic loads.

ЛАНДШАФТЫ ЛЕВОГО СКЛОНА БАЛКИ СОКОЛОВА И ЧАСТИ ВОДОРАЗДЕЛЬНОГО ПЛАТО МЕЖДУ РЕКАМИ АКСАЙ И ТУЗЛОВ, СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДНЕЕ П. КЛЮЧЕВОЙ

The paper gives characteristic of the landscapes of the left slope of Sokolovа ravine of the southwestern exposition, the part of the water-shed plateau adjacent to it from the north be-tween the Aksai and Tuzlov rivers which are located to the south of the Klyuchevоy village. We have studied taxonomic levels, qualitatively differing from each other by landscape-forming factors, taking into account the degree of influ-ence of these individual factors and their dif-ferent correlations with each other on the growth of the grapevine plant, the yield of vineyards, the quality of the vineyard and vini-cultural products. Landscape-forming factors at the microrelief level are geology, relief, soil and groundwater. Obtaining the necessary land-scape-forming data was carried out by drilling the wells of the ground to a depth of up to 10 m with a morphological description of soil, geo-logical and hydrogeological profile, with taking soil and groundwater samples for chemical analysis, paying special attention to landscape-forming factors that may be limiting for laying vineyards and to those that create optimal agroecological conditions for vineyards.

Double-Slope Assisted Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometry With Linear Regions Merging

A novel and fast double-slope assisted Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry (DSA-BOTDR) with linear regions merging has been proposed to enlarge the measurement range. In the proposed method, the linear regions of the left and right slopes of the Brillouin gain spectrum (BGS) are both used, and the positions of the two linear regions can be controlled by setting a suitable bandwidth of band-pass filter in acquisition system. Thus the linear regions can be merged together and the measurement range can be enlarged greatly. In a proof-of-concept experiment, a frequency measurement range of about 190 MHz is obtained in DSA-BOTDR, which is about 3.8 times of the conventional slope-assisted BOTDR (SA-BOTDR). In addition, the temperature of an 800 m polyimide coated fiber is measured within 0.4 s with 3 m spatial resolution. Moreover, a measurement range of 100.3 °C with a temperature uncertainty of 1.0 °C is successfully proved.

Internal and External Collapse Analysis of Twin-Tubes Tunnel in the Initial Support Stage

The characterization of rock mass along the tunnel alignment based on physical, geological and geotechnical data of the project area was used in this work. The support systems were recommended for all geotechnical units using RMR and tunneling quality index (Q-system) support chart. The paper also consists in making a two-dimensional numerical study of the stability of the left lateral slope of the Portal of the tunnel with the Slide 6.0 software and inside provisional support with the Phase.2 2D program. The study shows good results of the internal rock mass stability of the tunnel and satisfactory safety factor (FoS) in terms of collapse analyzes of the lateral slope of the tunnel portals.