Surface Anatomy Research Articles

Investigation of The Accuracy of Palpation of Physical Therapy Students to Different Anatomical Landmarks

Purpose: Surface anatomy plays a crucial role in physical therapy education as it enables the examination of subcutaneous structures through palpation. This study aims to investigate the accuracy of palpation on landmarks among physical therapy students (PT).
 Material and Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study evaluated the accuracy of palpation on anatomical landmarks. The researchers specified 21 landmarks for palpation assessment. Each landmark was scored on a scale of 0 to 3, and the Landmark Total Palpation Score (Lt) was calculated based on the scores of all 21 landmarks. A higher score indicated poorer accuracy in identifying anatomical landmarks.
 Results: The participants' Lt scores had a mean of 10.09 ± 9.66, with a standard deviation. The Lt demonstrated excellent intra-rater reliability (ICC = 0.91). Conclusion: The study findings indicate a good level of anatomical landmark identification among PT students.
 Conclusion: The results of this study showed that there was a good level anatomical landmark identification among PT students

Mathematical Methods of Observation of Wave Processes During Deformation of 3D Technology Products

The purpose of this work is to develop and apply mathematical methods (Fourier interpolation) to fix the presence and evaluation of the mechanisms of wave processes developing in products made of powder stainless and heat-resistant alloys of additive technologies (SLM) during their deformation.Methods. To fix the presence of wave processes of plastic deformation in loaded 3d technology products, samples of powder stainless steel 03X18H12M2 (analog AISI 316L) and powder heat-resistant alloy 08ХN53BMTU (analog Inconel 718), manufactured using SLM technology on a 3d printer SLM280 2.0HL, were used. The samples were subjected to uniaxial stretching (GOST 1497-84) with a constant rate of capture in air at room temperature. The lengths of the marked sections were measured using digital video recording of the loading process of the marked surface of the samples. Graphs of the dependences of local relative deformation along the length of the sample and at selected test moments were constructed. The mathematical substantiation of the existence of the wave character of the fixed functions as periodic was carried out by decomposing them into a Fourier series with subsequent interpolation.Results. It has been experimentally established that in the volume of the studied samples of powder stainless steel type 316L and heat-resistant alloy type Inconel 718, obtained by SLM technology, when they are stretched, there is a multistage character of wave deformation reflecting the development and movement of local micro-volumes of increased plasticity (foci of localized deformation). The Fourier interpolation procedure of a complex of experimentally obtained piecewise linear functions of the dimensions of the marking grid and their local deformations confirmed their apparent periodicity, i.e. the presence of a wave character.Conclusion. The developed technique of fixing and mathematical processing of wave deformation spectra can be used to analyze the changing parameters of the surface marking (rolling grid) of 3d products both along their length and at fixed loading times, as well as when constructing multidimensional dependencies of the marking parameters on the geometry of samples and test time.

A digital redescription of the Middle Miocene (Langhian) carettochelyid turtle Allaeochelys libyca

Allaeochelys libyca is a carettochelyid turtle from the Middle Miocene of Libya. The species is the only valid carettochelyid taxon recovered from Africa and was named based on fragmentary material that includes a partial cranium and isolated shell remains. The description of the holotype cranium was limited to external aspects, and micro-computed tomography was only performed later on that material. Here, we use these micro-computed tomography scans to reinvestigate the external and internal anatomy of the holotype cranium to document several erroneous anatomical interpretations and provide new insights into the morphology of the trigeminal foramen area, the endosseous labyrinth, and circulatory system of Allaeochelys libyca. The anatomical insights provided herein have the potential to be translated into new phylogenetic characters that are expected to improve the resolution among the Anosteira and Allaeochelys lineages, which are still poorly resolved.

Equine anatomy with body painting: a model for the learning of topographic anatomy

The teaching of anatomy faces new challenges due to the decrease in the number of hours dedicated to this course in the current curricula worldwide, and because today's students demand new methodologies and strategies that make learning more didactic, effective, and applicable to real professional needs. The body painting technique is a method that has been used for several years in human anatomy teaching, which has recently begun to be used in veterinary anatomy teaching. This article describes the elaboration of a horse’s live anatomical model by students of the veterinary anatomy course using body painting, within the “Exhibition and Contest of Anatomical Models, a six-monthly event held at the Faculty of Agrarian Sciences of the University of Antioquia (Medellín, Colombia). The model was made to show the academic community an alternative way of approaching topographic and surface anatomy with an applied focus through a more didactic and understandable methodology for the student. This article also shows the surface anatomy of various horses’ body systems through the body painting technique. This learning methodology has great acceptance among students and is currently used within the practices of the new curriculum of the Veterinary Anatomy course at the University of Antioquia.

Nasal Osteotomies Revisited in Asians: Surface Aesthetics, Anatomical and Technical Considerations.

Background Although osteotomy is commonly performed in rhinoplasty, it is difficult for less experienced surgeon to understand mechanism of the procedure. The primary goal of this study is to improve understanding of nasal osteotomy in Asians by considering the surface aesthetics and anatomy of the nose as well as their relationships with the surgical procedure. Methods Surface aesthetics, anatomic considerations, kinetics of medial and lateral osteotomy, fracture levels of osteotomy were discussed in detail by reviewing the previous publications and 18 years of our experience. Moreover, the technical details of osteotomy were explained and personal tips for performing successful osteotomy were described. Results Dorsal and lateral aesthetic lines, dorsal and basal widths are main characteristics related to the surface aesthetics of nose to perform the osteotomy. In addition, these features are different in Asian population due to the anatomic difference with Caucasians, which makes the procedure difficult and requires more attention to perform osteotomy. Conclusion Because osteotomy is one of the most traumatic and invasive part of the rhinoplasty, it is crucial for the rhinoplasty surgeon to understand the relationship between surface aesthetics and osteotomy techniques to produce consistent and reproducible results.

Upside-down behaviour of certain ribbon worms (phylum Nemertea)

Abstract Ribbon worms in the genus Balionemertes from Vietnam, the Philippines, Australia, and Guam—as well as Cephalothrix suni from Vietnam—were examined. Our observations indicate that the worms crawl mostly with their ventral surface upwards (the ventral surface being where the mouth opens), a behaviour that has not been documented in previous literature. Like many other worm species with colour patterns, they have a darker-coloured and/or more intensely patterned behavioural dorsal surface (= anatomical ventral surface in Balionemertes and C. suni) than the other side. This type of behavioural dorsoventral body-axis inversion among vermiform benthos seems to be rare—not having hitherto been known at least in the phylum Nemertea—and may be related to their feeding strategy, which should be observed in future studies.

Comparison of the Radiological Outcomes of an Anatomical Quadrilateral Surface Plate with a Pelvic Reconstruction Plate in Acetabulum Fractures

Comparison of the Radiological Outcomes of an Anatomical Quadrilateral Surface Plate with a Pelvic Reconstruction Plate in Acetabulum Fractures

ShapeMed-Knee: A Dataset and Neural Shape Model Benchmark for Modeling 3D Femurs.

Analyzing anatomic shapes of tissues and organs is pivotal for accurate disease diagnostics and clinical decision-making. One prominent disease that depends on anatomic shape analysis is osteoarthritis, which affects 30 million Americans. To advance osteoarthritis diagnostics and prognostics, we introduce ShapeMed-Knee, a 3D shape dataset with 9,376 high-resolution, medical-imaging-based 3D shapes of both femur bone and cartilage. Besides data, ShapeMed-Knee includes two benchmarks for assessing reconstruction accuracy and five clinical prediction tasks that assess the utility of learned shape representations. Leveraging ShapeMed-Knee, we develop and evaluate a novel hybrid explicit-implicit neural shape model which achieves up to 40% better reconstruction accuracy than a statistical shape model and implicit neural shape model. Our hybrid models achieve state-of-the-art performance for preserving cartilage biomarkers; they're also the first models to successfully predict localized structural features of osteoarthritis, outperforming shape models and convolutional neural networks applied to raw magnetic resonance images and segmentations. The ShapeMed-Knee dataset provides medical evaluations to reconstruct multiple anatomic surfaces and embed meaningful disease-specific information. ShapeMed-Knee reduces barriers to applying 3D modeling in medicine, and our benchmarks highlight that advancements in 3D modeling can enhance the diagnosis and risk stratification for complex diseases. The dataset, code, and benchmarks will be made freely accessible.

Overview of computational methods in taphonomy based on the combination of bibliometric analysis and natural language.

Artificial intelligence tools are new in taphonomy and are growing fast. They are being used mainly to investigate bone surface marks. In order to investigate this subject, a bibliometric study was made to understand the growing rate of this intersectional field, the future, and gaps in the field until now. From Scopus and Google Scholar metadata, graphs were made to describe the data, and inferential statistics were made by regression with the Ordinary Least Squares method. Exploratory analysis with word clouds, topic modeling, and natural language processing with Latent Dirichlet Allocation as a method were also made using the entire corpus from the papers. From the first register until 2023, we found eight articles in Scopus and 32 in Google Scholar; the majority of the studies and the most cited were from Spain. The studies are growing fast from 2016 to 2018, and the regression shows that growth can be maintained in the coming years. Exploratory analysis shows the most frequent words are marks, models, data, and bone. Topic modeling shows that the studies are highly concentrated on similar problems and the tools to solve them, revealing that there is much more to explore with computational tools in taphonomy and paleontology as well.

Thermographic Mapping of Arterial Perforators in the Leg.

Preoperative localisation of perforators aids in easy intraoperative dissection. Infrared thermography is a simple, safe, and effective tool with a short learning curve that is useful in identifying perforators. It has been found to have a high concordance rate when compared with computed tomography angiography and is useful in identifying arterial perforators in the leg. To create a thermographic map of arterial perforators in the leg and to determine the correlation between the number of perforators identified and the length of the leg. This was a cross-sectional study. The length of the leg was measured and the location of perforators corresponding to the distribution of the anterior tibial, posterior tibial, and peroneal arteries was identified using thermography. The mean number of perforators corresponding to the different surfaces of the leg was noted, this was then correlated with the length of the leg using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Using thermography, perforators were identified along a line drawn from the medial malleolus to the medial tibia plateau and from the lateral malleolus to the head of the fibula and within 2 cm of these lines. More perforators were found in the middle third of the leg and there was no significant correlation between the number of perforators and the length of the leg. A useful surface marking to aid the identification of perforators in the leg using infrared thermography was found. There was no significant correlation between the length of the leg and the number of perforators.

Morphological description of spontaneous pelvic fin loss in a neotropical cichlid fish.

Pelvic finsare a characteristic structure of the vertebrate Bauplan. Yet, pelvic fin loss has occurred repeatedly across a wide diversity of other lineages of tetrapods and at least 48 times in teleost fishes. This pelvic finless condition is often associated with other morphological features such as body elongation, loss of additional structures, and bilateral asymmetry. However, despite the remarkable diversity in the several thousand cichlid fish species, none of them are characterized by the complete absence of pelvic fins. Here, we examined the musculoskeletal structure and associated bilateral asymmetry in Midas cichlids (Amphilophus cf. citrinellus) that lost their pelvic fins spontaneously in the laboratory. Due to this apparent mutational loss of the pelvic girdle and fins, the external and internal anatomy are described in a series of "normal" Midas individuals and their pelvic finless sibling tankmates. First, other traits associated with teleost pelvic fin loss, the genetic basis of pelvic fin loss, and the potential for pleiotropic effects of these genes on other traits in teleosts were all reviewed. Using these traits as a guide, we investigated whether other morphological differences were associated with the pelvic girdle/fin loss. The mean values of the masses of muscle of the pectoral fin, fin ray numbers in the unpaired fins, and oral jaw tooth numbers did not differ between the two pelvic fin morphotypes. However, significant differences in meristic values of the paired traits assessed were observed for the same side of the body between morphotypes. Notably, bilateral asymmetry was found exclusively for the posterior lateral line scales. Finally, we found limited evidence of pleiotropic effects, such as lateral line scale numbers and fluctuating asymmetry between the Midas pelvic fin morphotypes. The fast and relatively isolated changes in the Midas cichlids suggest minor but interesting pleiotropic effects could accompany loss of cichlid pelvic fins.

Biomechanical and taxonomic diversity in the Early Pleistocene in East Africa: Structural analysis of a recently discovered femur shaft from Olduvai Gorge (bed I)

Recent Plio-Pleistocene hominin findings have revealed the complexity of human evolutionary history and the difficulties involved in its interpretation. Moreover, the study of hominin long bone remains is particularly problematic, since it commonly depends on the analysis of fragmentary skeletal elements that in many cases are merely represented by small diaphyseal portions and appear in an isolated fashion in the fossil record. Nevertheless, the study of the postcranial skeleton is particularly important to ascertain locomotor patterns. Here we report on the discovery of a robust hominin femoral fragment (OH 84) at the site of Amin Mturi Korongo dated to 1.84 Ma (Olduvai Bed I). External anatomy and internal bone structure of OH 84 were analyzed and compared with previously published data for modern humans and chimpanzees, as well as for Australopithecus, Paranthropus and Homo specimens ranging from the Late Pliocene to Late Pleistocene. Biomechanical analyses based on transverse cross-sections and the comparison of OH 84 with another robust Olduvai specimen (OH 80) suggest that OH 84 might be tentatively allocated to Paranthropus boisei. More importantly, the identification of a unique combination of traits in OH 84 could indicate both terrestrial bipedalism and an arboreal component in the locomotor repertoire of this individual. If interpreted correctly, OH 84 could thus add to the already mounting evidence of substantial locomotor diversity among Early Pleistocene hominins. Likewise, our results also highlight the difficulties in accurately interpreting the link between form and function in the human fossil record based on fragmentary remains, and ultimately in distinguishing between coeval hominin groups due to the heterogeneous pattern of inter- and intraspecific morphological variability detected among fossil femora.

“3D surface scanner in Maxillofacial Surgery: State of the art.”

Physicians are used to having complementary studies that help us in all phases of our work. In the maxillofacial surgery field the most commonly used tests are radiological tests (CT and NMR) and digital clinical photographs.In recent years, the concept of 3D surgery has been developed and consists of the use of 3D technology applied to surgery. 3D surgery allows us to move from on-site planning of the surgery to pre-surgical planning, with a simulation and preview of the result at the bone and soft tissue level.Radiological studies are of very limited use in soft tissue planning and digital photography is two-dimensional and dependent on patient positioning. The use of the surface scanner solves these limitations as it computes the spatial coordinates of the patient's anatomical surface in order to create a 3D digital model.

"Normal vulva" based on the first national Labiagram design in adult Iranian women not seeking female genital cosmetic surgery: a pilot study.

Several studies have been published to present normal values of female genitalia in different age and racial groups. The primary objective of our study was to measure the parameters of the external genitalia in adult Iranian women, record the data using the Labiagram system (the first national Labiagram design in Iran), and establish a preliminary database. A descriptive study was conducted from March 2022 to December 2022, involving 220 nonpregnant adult women who presented to the gynecology clinic. Women who met the inclusion criteria for the study underwent a comprehensive examination of the external genitalia. The data collected during the examinations were recorded in electronic files and the Labiagram system. The data showed the diversity of external genital parameters of nonpregnant adult Iranian women. In this descriptive study, the mean ± SD age of the participants was 51.5 ± 13.44years, ranging from 15 to 84years. A total of 192 women (87.3%) had a history of vaginal delivery. There was no statistically significant difference observed in the average measurements of the vulva among the 4 age groups (P < .05). The Pearson correlation coefficient test indicated a statistically weak correlation between body mass index and perineum length (r = 0.174, P = .010). Additionally, a weak correlation was found between body mass index and the width of the labia minora at the left-lower point (r = 0.143, P = .030) and the right-middle point (r = 0.146, P = .031). Furthermore, the results demonstrated that women with a history of vaginal delivery had a significantly longer introitus (49.3 vs 44.3mm, P = .037), longer labia majora (91.3 vs 87.3mm, P = .046), and longer labia minora (56.8 vs 50.9mm, P = .008) when compared with women without prior labor experience. The data will be used as a basis for future studies. The use of simple tools for the measuring, data recording, and digital drawing of female external genital anatomy, along with privacy protection, is one of the strengths of this research. The weakness is the small sample size, which is the reason for piloting the Labiagram chart for more extensive studies. Increasing age and the number of births had no statistically significant effect on the size of external genital parameters among Iranian women. Despite the considerable diversity in these parameters, it has not resulted in a significant demand among Iranian women for female cosmetic surgery.

Gross Anatomy Teaching for Medical Undergraduates Through Computer-Based Simulation: Introduction and Evaluation of Effectiveness.

Background Cadaveric teaching has been the gold standard for gross anatomy instruction through the ages and across the geographic spectrum, but with issues of availability faced in many medical schools, there is a need to look for other options. Digital tools like virtual dissectors that simulate the cadaver have been around for some years now, but their acceptability to the teachers and students and effectivenessneed to be validated in the settings where applied. Aim To evaluate the acceptability, feasibility and effectiveness of using computer-based simulationtools for teaching gross anatomy via online mode to undergraduate medical students. Methodology A prospective crossover randomized controlled study was conducted online on 200 (120 males (60%) and 80 females (40%), Year 1 medical undergraduates (mean age males: 19.67 years and females: 19.52 years), wherein two broad topics of head and neck region were taught by didactic lectures delivered online via Zoom. Dissection videos were prepared for both cadaveric and computer-based simulation teaching. Groups were divided by random allocation and pre- and post-tests and feedback surveys were conducted online. Results A significant increase from pre- to post-test scores was found in both cadaveric and computer-based simulation techniques. However, more change was found in the computer technique as its t-value was more than the cadaveric technique. The feedback from the students was that the computer-based simulation teaching method gave them a good insight into 3D understanding of the human body, increased understanding of relations of body structures and capacity to grasp surface anatomy. Conclusion The study concluded that teaching gross anatomy through computer-based simulation techniques is acceptable to both the students and faculty. The study also concluded that it is an effective and feasible method that can be used to complement cadaveric teaching to revisit areas already dissected and for quick revision.

Abstract 12289: A Postpartum Diastolic Murmur

A 44-year-old G3P1011 underwent uncomplicated Caesarian section for obstetric indications with delivery of a healthy girl. Several hours postpartum, she developed hypoxemia requiring transient supplemental oxygen. Cardiology was consulted for further evaluation. Upon initial assessment, she appeared comfortable with an oxygen saturation of 93% on room air. She reports an otherwise uneventful pregnancy. Her past medical history is significant for chronic hypertension on propranolol. She was afebrile with a HR of 91, BP 147/66 (left arm) and 155/68 (right arm). Her JVP was 10-11 cm H20. There was a III/IV low-pitched decrescendo early-mid diastolic murmur, loudest at the left lower sternal border, radiating to the apex, and a systolic ejection murmur. EKG (panel A) showed normal sinus rhythm, with no ischemic abnormalities. Due to the discovery of a new murmur, there was concern for valvular pathology as a cause for her suspected heart failure, particularly aortic regurgitation (AR). An urgent TTE (panel C-E) was requested and showed a dissection flap in the ascending aorta, effacement of the sinotubular junction, and severe AR. CT angiogram confirmed the diagnosis of type A aortic dissection (AD; panel B). Twelve hours after the delivery of her baby, she underwent emergent aortic valve repair and aortic arch replacement. She recovered well and was discharged home post-op day 6. Though no human data exists, animal data suggests increased AD risk in breastfeeding animals with Marfan Syndrome. Due to her near catastrophic presentation, she elected to not breastfeed. Her genetic testing results are pending. AD in pregnancy is rare. There is an increased risk of AD in pregnant compared to non-pregnant women. AD often occurs in the third trimester or postpartum, and most women are unaware of a preexisting arteriopathy. In this case, the detection of a diastolic murmur resulted in rapid diagnosis and treatment, essential in the management of this life-threatening condition.

Abstract 17883: Subacute Native Aortic and Mitral Valve Endocarditis Manifesting as Embolic ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Case description: A 54-year-old male presented with one day of substernal chest pain. He also reported two months of malaise, myalgias, chills, and intermittent fevers. Medical history was notable for well-controlled hypertension and negative for dyslipidemia, diabetes, or drug and tobacco use. Family history was negative for premature coronary artery disease. Vitals were notable for fever of 103F, blood pressure of 108/56 mmHg, and heart rate of 88 beats per minute. Physical exam showed bounding pulses and a soft diastolic murmur at the left lower sternal border. Electrocardiogram showed inferior lead ST-elevations. He was taken for cardiac catheterization and found to have a totally occlusive thrombus in the distal right coronary artery with minimal disease in the remaining vessels. He underwent aspiration thrombectomy and placement of drug eluting stent with normal flow. He was transferred to the coronary intensive care unit. Labs showed mild leukocytosis, normal serum creatinine, and unremarkable urinalysis. Echocardiogram showed a 1.7 x 0.5 cm mobile echodensity on the aortic valve with severe aortic regurgitation and a small echodensity on the anterior mitral leaflet. Blood cultures grew Enterococcus faecalis. A CT scan of the head, chest, abdomen, and pelvis revealed no embolic disease. He underwent urgent surgery due to concern for infective endocarditis with coronary embolism. Purulence was found at the stent site and the posterior descending artery was obliterated by necrotic tissue. A bypass graft was placed distal to the stent site and infected territory was unroofed and irrigated. Mitral and aortic valve replacement was performed. He tolerated surgery and was discharged with 6 weeks of intravenous antibiotics. Discussion: This case was unique in the subacute chronicity of endocarditis and lack of other systemic emboli. Clinically relevant coronary embolism was reported in only 1.5% of cases of infective endocarditis but microemboli were found in 60% postmortem. Embolization is more common with mitral valve involvement, &gt;10 mm vegetation, and fungal or staphylococcal disease. Angiographic evidence of heavy thrombus burden or lack of significant atherosclerosis after myocardial infarction may prompt evaluation for coronary embolism.

A new lizard-like reptile with unusual mandibular neurovasculature from the Upper Triassic of Virginia

ABSTRACT Here, we report a new small-bodied reptile taxon, Idiosaura virginiensis gen. et sp. nov., from the Upper Triassic (Carnian) Vinita Formation of the Richmond basin (Newark Supergroup) in east-central Virginia, U.S.A. The material consists of a fragmentary dentary bearing numerous tall cylindrical teeth implanted in a pleurodont fashion into spongy alveolar tissue. Micro-CT scan data reveal an unusual and complex network of interconnected neurovascular canals within the dentary with connections to the alveolar tissue and pulp cavities of the teeth. The external anatomy of the dentary is consistent with that of Triassic kuehneosaurid reptiles, suggesting affinities to that group; the results of a phylogenetic analysis were inconclusive but do not exclude kuehneosaurid relationships. Alongside the recently described Micromenodon pitti (Rhynchocephalia) and Vinitasaura lizae (Lepidosauromorpha), the new taxon adds to the relatively diverse assemblage of small-bodied reptiles known from the Tomahawk microvertebrate bonebed (USNM locality 39981). Relative tooth complexities of I. virginiensis and V. lizae were analyzed using the Orientation Patch Count Rotated method, and results suggest that the rise of lepidosauromorph ecomorphologies specializing for feeding on invertebrates occurred in Triassic communities alongside non-lepidosauromorph taxa with similar mandibulo-dental features, as in kuehneosaurs.

Microbial Interactions in Oral Biofilm: Evaluating Therapeutic Interventions and the Emergence of Resistance: A Narrative Review.

The oral cavity comprises numerous anatomical surfaces that are inhabited by a diverse array of bacteria, collectively forming a bacterial biofilm. Within this complex microbial community, certain bacterial species are etiologically linked to the development of common oral pathologies, such as dental caries and periodontitis, which stand as prominent instances of bacterial infections frequently encountered in clinical settings. Most biofilms are believed to be multispecies consortia. While single-species biofilms have been well-researched, mixed-species biofilms and their interactions amongst themselves have not drawn interest. The aim of the current review was to assess the various interactions of dual-species microorganisms in oral biofilm formation. Farnesol given exogenously for the treatment of biofilm can enhance or inhibit the growth of certain organisms, as seen in Candida albicans. In the age of antibiotic resistance, it is imperative to develop and uncover drugs capable of simultaneously targeting multiple species in order to mitigate antimicrobial resistance.

Is the Surface Anatomy of the Popliteal Crease Related to Lower Extremity Alignment or Knee Osseous Morphology? A Radiographic Study.

Background and objectives: The popliteal crease varies among individuals, and there has been no prior study on this aspect. We assumed that it may be associated with lower extremity alignment and osseous morphology. To demonstrate this, we conducted a radiographic analysis. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 121 knees of 63 patients, whose popliteal creases were well distinguished on clinical photographs. PCOA was defined as the angle between the longitudinal axis of the lower leg and the popliteal crease. Through the radiologic examinations performed, the HKA, MPTA, mLDFA, JLCA, MFCA/TEA, and PCA/TEA were measured. Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were performed on the PCOA and the six radiologic measurements to analyze the relationship. Results: Pearson correlation analysis found HKA had the highest coefficient at 0.568. In multiple linear regression, only HKA was associated, excluding all other measurements. Conclusions: Popliteal crease obliquity is significantly associated with coronal plane lower extremity alignment and exhibits a stronger correlation than with underlying knee osseous morphology. If future research is conducted based on this, popliteal crease could serve as a valuable clue for predicting lower extremity alignment and the risk of osteoarthritis development.