Left Hand Grip Research Articles

Comparing Muscular Fitness Among School Children Based on Sport Participation and Gender

The objective of this study was to examine muscular fitness using measurements of the right hand grip (RHG) and left hand grip (LHG), as well as the counter movement jump (CMJ) performance of both athlete and non-athlete school children. Additionally, the study aimed to compare these variables between genders. A total of 221 school children aged 11–13 participated in this study. The participants were categorized into four groups based on their characteristics: female athletes (n = 57), female non-athletes (n = 60), male athletes (n = 59), and male non-athletes (n = 45). The primary exclusion criteria included any musculoskeletal limitations that could potentially affect test performance. The strength of the RHG and LHG (kg) was assessed using the Takei-TKK-5101 device. CMJ heights (cm) were measured using the Smart-Speed device. For all variables, a mixed-design two-way univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to identify differences between and within groups. The findings of the present study indicated that the RHG, LHG, and CMJ values of athletes were significantly greater than those of non-athletes for both genders (p < 0.001). Moreover, the analyzed performance values exhibited significant differences between male athletes and male as well as female non-athletes, and also between female athletes and female as well as male non-athletes (p < 0.001). Engaging in sports is highly important for school children aged 11–13 to enhance their muscular fitness. It can be stated that the development of muscular fitness for both genders would be higher in children who participate in sports compared to those who do not engage in sports.

Causal effects of specific gut microbiota on musculoskeletal diseases: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Recent observational studies and clinical trials demonstrated an association between gut microbiota and musculoskeletal (MSK) diseases. Nonetheless, whether the gut microbiota composition has a causal effect on the risk of MSK diseases remains unclear. Based on large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal relationship between gut microbiota and six MSK diseases, namely osteoporosis (OP), fracture, sarcopenia, low back pain (LBP), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Instrumental variables for 211 gut microbiota taxa were obtained from the largest available GWAS meta-analysis (n = 18,340) conducted by the MiBioGen consortium. And the summary-level data for six MSK diseases were derived from published GWAS. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was conducted as a primary analysis to estimate the causal effect, and the robustness of the results was tested via sensitivity analyses using multiple methods. The Bonferroni-corrected test was used to determine the strength of the causal relationship between gut microbiota and various MSK diseases. Finally, a reverse MR analysis was applied to evaluate reverse causality. According to the IVW method, we found 57 suggestive causal relationships and 3 significant causal relationships between gut microbiota and MSK diseases. Among them, Genus Bifidobacterium (β: 0.035, 95% CI: 0.013-0.058, p = 0.0002) was associated with increased left handgrip strength, Genus Oxalobacter (OR: 1.151, 95% CI: 1.065-1.245, p = 0.0003) was correlated with an increased risk of LBP, and Family Oxalobacteraceae (OR: 0.792, 95% CI: 0.698-0.899, p = 0.0003) was linked with a decreased risk of RA. Subsequently, sensitivity analyses revealed no heterogeneity, directional pleiotropy, or outliers for the causal effect of specific gut microbiota on MSK diseases (p > 0.05). Reverse MR analysis showed fracture may result in a higher abundance of Family Bacteroidales (p = 0.030) and sarcopenia may lead to a higher abundance of Genus Sellimonas (p = 0.032). Genetic evidence suggested a causal relationship between specific bacteria taxa and six MSK diseases, which highlights the association of the "gut-bone/muscle" axis. Further exploration of the potential microbiota-related mechanisms of bone and muscle metabolism might provide novel insights into the prevention and treatment of MSK diseases.

Tracking handgrip strength asymmetry from childhood to mid-life.

Determine if asymmetric handgrip strength exists in childhood and adulthood and quantify the degree of tracking of handgrip strength asymmetry over time. Participants from the Childhood Determinants of Adult Health Study had their right and left handgrip strength measured using handgrip dynamometry in childhood (1985: 9-15 y), young adulthood (2004-06: 26-36 y) and/or mid-adulthood (2014-19: 36-49 y). Handgrip strength asymmetry was calculated as: strongest handgrip strength/strongest handgrip strength on the other hand. Participants were categorised based on the degree of their asymmetry (0.0%-10.0%, 10.1%-20.0%, 20.1%-30.0%, >30.0%). Tracking was quantified using Spearman's correlations and log binomial regression. Handgrip strength asymmetry was present in childhood and adulthood (>30.0% asymmetry: childhood = 6%, young adulthood = 3%, mid-adulthood = 4%). Handgrip strength asymmetry did not track between childhood and young- (r = 0.06, 95% CI = -0.02, 0.12) and mid-adulthood (r = 0.01, 95% CI = -0.09, 0.10). Tracking was more apparent between young- and mid-adulthood (r = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.09, 0.22). Participants with >30.0% asymmetry were at greater risk to maintain this status between childhood and young- (RR = 3.53, 95% CI = 1.15, 10.87) and mid-adulthood (RR = 2.14, 95% CI = 0.45, 10.20). Although handgrip strength asymmetry tracked relatively poorly, asymmetric handgrip strength was apparent in children and adults. Handgrip strength asymmetry does not exclusively affect older adults and should be considered in protocols to better understand its role across the life course.

Bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization analysis identifies causal associations between age at menarche and sarcopenia-related traits.

Observational studies have shown that the age of menarche is associated with sarcopenia, but confounding factors make the causal relationship difficult to infer. Therefore, we conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomized (MR) analysis to evaluate the potential causal relationship between age at menarche and sarcopenia-related traits (hand grip strength, lean mass, walking pace). We obtained the latest aggregate statistics from the Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) database on the age of menarche of 182,416 participants from ReproGen, the appendicular lean mass of 244,730 participants from EMBL's European Bioinformatics Institute, the left-hand grip strength of 401,026 participants, the right-hand grip strength of 461,089 participants and the usual walking pace of 459,915 participants from the UK Biobank. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method and other MR methods were used to evaluate the bidirectional causal relationship between the age of menarche and sarcopenia. The forward MR results showed that the age of menarche predicted by the gene was positively correlated with left-hand grip strength (IVWβ=0.041, P = 2.00×10-10), right-hand grip strength (IVWβ=0.053, P = 1.97×10-18), appendicular lean mass (IVWβ=0.012, P = 4.38×10-13) and usual walking pace (IVWβ=0.033, P = 1.62×10-8).In the reverse MR analysis, we also found that the usual walking pace was positively correlated with the age of menarche predicted by genes (IVWβ=0.532, P = 1.65×10-4). Still, there was no causal relationship between grip strength and appendicular lean mass and the age at menarche. Our results show that earlier menarche will increase the risk of sarcopenia. In addition, people with higher muscle function tend to have menarche later. These findings may provide a reference for prevention strategies and interventions for menarche in advance and sarcopenia.

Genetic Association and Potential Mediators between Sarcopenia and Coronary Heart Disease: A Bidirectional Two-Sample, Two-Step Mendelian Randomization Study.

To elucidate the bidirectional correlation of sarcopenia with coronary heart disease (CHD), as well as to investigate the mediating role of cardiometabolic factors and inflammatory biomarkers, a bidirectional two-sample, two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted. Summary statistics were obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). In our bidirectional two-sample MR, genetic variants associated with sarcopenia-related traits and CHD were instrumented for the estimation of bidirectional correlations. Besides, genetic variants associated with thirteen cardiometabolic factors and six inflammatory biomarkers were selected for further mediation analyses. To confirm the consistency of the results, several sensitivity analyses were carried out. Genetically predicted higher appendicular lean mass (OR = 0.835, 95% CI: 0.790-0.882), left hand grip strength (OR = 0.703, 95% CI: 0.569-0.869), right hand grip strength (OR = 0.685, 95% CI: 0.555-0.844), and walking pace (OR = 0.321, 95% CI: 0.191-0.539) reduced CHD risk, while genetic predisposition to CHD did not affect any of the sarcopenia-related traits. Seven mediators were identified for the effects of appendicular lean mass on CHD, including waist-to-hip ratio, hip circumference, systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and fasting insulin. The mediation proportion ranged from 10.23% for triglycerides to 35.08% for hip circumference. Hip circumference was found to mediate the relationships between both left (mediation proportion: 24.61%) and right-hand grip strength (24.14%) and CHD, and the link between walking pace and CHD was partially mediated by waist-to-hip ratio (31.15%) and body mass index (26.66%). Our results showed that higher appendicular lean mass, hand grip strength, and walking pace reduced CHD risk, but the causal relationship was not bidirectional. Several mediators were found to mediate the causal pathways between sarcopenia-related traits and CHD, and intervention of these factors may be helpful in terms of CHD prevention in sarcopenia patients.

10주간 산림 운동이 여성 노인의 체력 요인과 혈중 지질 성분 변화에 미치는 영향

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 10 weeks of exercise in the forest health fitness factors and blood lipids profiles in elderly women. Method: Twenty-four elderly individuals aged 65 years or older, residing in C city, were randomly selected and divided into two groups: a control group (CO, n=11) and a forest exercise group (EX, n=13). The exercise group did in forest exercise three times a week for a duration of 10 weeks, with an exercise intensity aimed at burning 200-250 calories. Measurements of body composition, physical fitness tests, and blood lipid profile were taken at the beginning of the study and after 10 weeks. Results: As a result, the EX group showed a significant decrease in fat mass compared to the CO group after 10 weeks (p<.05). In addition, in the EX group, after 10 weeks, physical fitness factors, left hand grip strength (p<.05), Chair sit to stand (p<.000), and 2min step test (p<.05), Timed up & go (p<.000), WC8 (p<.000) showed a statistical difference compared to CO group. Blood lipid profile of LDL-C were decreased in the EX group compared to the CO group after 10 weeks (p<.05). Conclusion: Consequently, the results of this study Regular foreste exercise was found to be effective in reducing body fat, improving blood lipids, and improving basic physical strength in elderly women. Interdisciplinary Research Implications: In the future, it is judged that studies analyzing various physiological variables by analyzing and comparing various groups such as male elderly and elderly with diseases are necessary.

Relationship between Testosterone levels with Hand Grip Strength, Calf Diameter, Lung Function, Body Mass Index and Blood Pressure in Elderly Men

The elderly population in Indonesia is increasing every year. Aging is associated with loss and decline in testosterone levels in elderly men. Testosterone deficiency is associated with decreased body mass, decreased bone density, decreased physical function and activity, decreased cognitive function, increased fat mass, increased depressive symptoms and increased risk of falls and fractures. Muscle mass is the largest tissue which covers 40%-50% of the body. To assess muscle strength, hand grip strength can be measured and to assess muscle mass, anthropometric measurements can be made, especially calf diameter. While for body fat can be measured body mass index. The age-related decrease in skeletal muscle mass also affects respiratory muscle function which can be seen from the decline in lung function (FEV1 and FVC). In addition, increased blood pressure is also common in elderly people. Objective: To determine the relationship between the hormone testosterone with hand grip strength, calf diameter, lung function, body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure in elderly men. Method: This study is observational analytic with a cross-sectional study design conducted in Manado on elderly men. Results: From this study, 38 samples of elderly men were obtained who had a significant positive relationship between testosterone levels and FVC values (p = 0.004). There was a significant positive relationship between testosterone levels and the strength of the right-hand grip (p = 0.245) and left-hand grip (p = 0.354), the same was true for FEV1 values (p = 0.078) and systole (p = 0.340) and diastole (p = 0.216). In this study there was a significant negative relationship between testosterone levels with the diameter of the right calf (p = 0.009) and left (p = 0.009) and the same thing also in the BMI value (p = 0.003). Conclusion: The better the testosterone level, the better the FVC value, while the lower the testosterone level, the greater the calf diameter and BMI. FEV1 values, hand grip strength and blood pressure were not significantly affected by testosterone levels.

The influence of body weight deficiency on indicators of physical development in 12-13-year-old girls

The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of indicators of physical development in adolescent girls with insufficient and normal body weight. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of insufficient body weight on indicators of physical development in adolescent girls. Methods and organization of the study: theoretical analysis of specialized literature, comparative analysis, anthropometric research methods, and methods of mathematical statistics. Girls aged 12-13 took part in the study (a total of 138 persons, including 108 girls aged 12 and 30 girls aged 13). Results. The results of the comparative analysis showed statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in some indicators of physical development between the girls with insufficient body weight and girls with normal body weight. The 12-year-old girls with insufficient body weight had statistically significantly lower (p < 0.05) body weight, waist circumference, and left-hand grip strength than their peers with normal body weight. In contrast to 12-year-old girls, 13-year-old girls with insufficient body weight had all median indicators of physical development, except for shoulder circumference, lower then the girls of this age with normal body weight. In 13-year-old girls with insufficient body weight, the decrease in the indicators of physical development is larger than in 12-year-old girls, that is, the negative impact of insufficient body weight on the physical development of girls intensifies. Insufficient body weight was accompanied by a decrease in the group averages of hand grip strength in girls. A negative trend was demonstrated, which indicates that insufficient body weight impairs the normal development of the child's body. Conclusions. The results of the study demonstrated significant differences in the indicators of physical development between girls with normal and insufficient body weight.

Effects and individual response of continuous and interval training on adiponectin concentration, cardiometabolic risk factors, and physical fitness in overweight adolescents.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect and individual responsiveness after 12weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity of continuous training (MICT) on adiponectin, cardiometabolic risk factors and physical fitness in overweight adolescents. This study was participated by 52 adolescents, both sexes, 11 and 16years old, separated into HIIT (n = 13), MICT (n = 15), and control group (CG, n = 24). Body mass, height, waist circumference (WC), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c), triglycerides, glucose, insulin, adiponectin, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were evaluated. Body mass index z-score (BMI-z), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), insulin resistance, and insulin sensitivity were calculated. Resting heart rate (HRrest), peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), right handgrip strength (HGS-right), left handgrip strength (HGS-left), and abdominal resistance (ABD) was evaluated. HIIT session lasted around 35min and MICT of 60min of exercises on stationary bicycle, three times a weekday for 12weeks. ANOVA, effect size, and prevalence of responders were used for statistical analysis. HIIT reduced BMI-z, WHtR, LDL-c, and CRP, while increased of physical fitness. MICT reduced HDL-c, while increased of physical fitness. CG reduced FM, HDL-c, and CRP, while increased FFM and HRrest. Frequencies of respondents in HIIT were observed for CRP, VO2peak, HGS-right, and HGS-left. Frequencies of respondents in MICT were observed for CRP and HGS-right. Frequencies of no-respondents in CG were observed for WC, WHtR, CRP, HRrest, and ABD. Conclusion: Interventions with exercises were effective to adiposity, metabolic health, and physical fitness improvements. Individual responses were observed in inflammatory process and physical fitness, important changes in overweight adolescent's therapy. Trial registration number and date of registration: This study was registered with the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (REBEC), the number RBR-6343y7, date of registration May 3, 2017. What is Known: • Effect of regular physical exercise positively affects overweight, comorbidities, and metabolic diseases, recommended mainly for children and adolescents. What is New: • Due to the great inter-individual variability, the same stimulus can provide different responses; adolescents who benefit from the stimulus are considered responsive. • Intervention of HIIT and MICT did not alter the concentrations of adiponectin; however, the adolescents presented responsiveness to the inflammatory process and physical fitness.

Does the fear of falls interfere with the task of boarding a bus in individuals with Parkinson’s disease?

BACKGROUND: Individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have motor impairment that leads to the fear of falling, which limits functional independence. AIM: To correlate the fear of falling with cognitive function, handgrip strength, upper limb pulling force and functional execution time on the task of boarding a bus in individuals with PD. METHOD: A cross-sectional study involving 31 individuals with idiopathic PD. Assessments were performed with the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Falls Efficacy Scale (FES-I). Handgrip strength and upper limb pulling force were measured using dynamometers installed on a bus prototype. Execution time was determined on the single task (ST), which consisted of climbing a bus, as well as a dual task (DT) (detecting specific letters from an audio recording during the task). Correlations between variables were determined using Pearson’s correlation test, with the significance level set at 5% (p <0.05). RESULTS: Moderate correlations were found between the FES-I score and the following variables: MVC for right handgrip strength (r = -0.491), left handgrip strength (r = -0.522), right arm pulling force (r = -0.522) and left arm pulling force (r = -0.563) as well as execution time on the ST (r = 0.514) and DT (r = 0.445). Moreover, a weak correlation was found between the total FES-I score and MMSE (r = -0.377). CONCLUSION: Greater concern with regards to falling was correlated with lower handgrip strength and upper limb pulling force, and a greater time spent boarding a bus under ST and DT conditions.

Correlation of mobile phone usage on grip strength, disabilities and posture in young adults

Background: The musculoskeletal issues are now common in excessive use of mobile phone for communication, gamming and socialization on internet. The excessive use of mobile phone may decrease the muscle strength and lead to poor posture ultimately functional impairment related to upper extremity. Objective: to determine correlation among duration of mobile phone usage, neck posture, disabilities and hand grip strength. Methods: A correlational cross sectional study was done at Riphah International University Lahore from March 2020 to February 2021. The target population was male and female young students of 18 to 24 years, used mobile phone more than 6 hours in a day. A total of n=400 subjectsarticipated in the study in which n=235 were females and n=165 were males. The information was gathered using the DASH Questionnaire to identify upper limb problems, the photogrammetry method to determine the cervical angle, and a dynamometer to determine the strength of each hand's grasp. The pearson product-moment correlation coefficient was done by using SPSS version 21. Result: The mean age of the study participant was 20.99±2.34 years. A total of n=165(41.25%) were male and remaining n=235 were female participated in the study. Increase use of mobile had negative significant small correlation with degree of cervical angle (p=0.04), right hand grip strength (p=0.01) and positive significant small correlation with DASH score (0.01). While no significant correlation between daily use of mobile phone and left hand grip strength Conclusion: The study concluded that as the duration of mobile phone usage increased, the forward head posture and disabilities of the upper limb also increased. But the grip strength of right hand decreased as the mobile phone duration is increased. Key words: Correlation, disabilities, female, grip strength, mobile phone, male, posture.

Comparative Assessment of Physical Development of Children and Adolescents Living in Territories with Different Levels of Anthropogenic Load

Introduction: Correlations are considered as a reliable indicator of adaptive variability in populations. Objective: To make a comparative assessment of physical development of children and adolescents living in areas with different levels of anthropogenic load. Material and methods: We analyzed the structure of correlations between morphological and functional indicators of children and adolescents (n = 5,137) and the level of anthropogenic load (from relatively satisfactory to critical) in four territories for the years 2018–2021. We measured body length and weight, chest circumference, right and left hand grip strength, vital capacity of the lungs, heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and sexual size dimorphism, and then calculated the body mass index and body surface area. The variability of somatic and functional indices was examined separately in age-standardized groups of 9, 13 and 15-year-old boys and girls. Significant differences in the frequencies of statistical correlations in each group and in different environmental clusters were determined. Results: We established a statistical decrease in body length by 0.82 % and in right and left handgrip strength by 5.22 % and 9.68 %, respectively, accompanied by an increase in body weight by 5.02 %, chest circumference by 1.26 %, and vital capacity by 5.56 %, all associated with an increase in the level of anthropogenic load in the area. In environmental clusters with intense and critical load, we noted a decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure by 4.54 % and 5.89 %, respectively, and an increase in the heart rate by 2.81 %. We found an increase in the total number of age and sex-specific intrasystemic (anthropometric) and intersystemic (anthropometric/hemodynamic) morphofunctional correlations from 186 in clean areas to 228 in heavily polluted ones. Health effects of environmental contamination was the most pronounced in 9-year-old children of both sexes. Conclusion: An increase in the frequency of significant intrasystemic and intersystemic correlations of morphological and functional indicators in children and adolescents with the increase in environmental load indicates tension of adaptive mechanisms in the body; the effect of interactions between environmental pollution and anthropogenic parameters in age and sex groups is attributed to greater sensitivity in the male cohort.

Genetic risk, muscle strength and risk of incident major depressive disorder: results from the UK Biobank.

Genetic factors and muscle strength both contribute to the risk of major depressive disorder (MDD), but whether high muscle strength can offset the risk of MDD with different genetic risk is unknown. This study aims to examine whether a higher muscle strength is associated with lower risk of MDD regardless of genetic risk among middle-aged and older adults. This cohort study obtained data from the UK Biobank, which includes 345,621 individuals aged 40-69years (mean (standard deviation): 56.7 (7.99) years) without baseline MDD. Polygenic risk score for MDD was categorised as low, intermediate or high. The mean of the right- and left-hand grip strength values was used in the analysis and was divided into three categories. 9,753 individuals developed MDD within 2,752,461 person-years of follow-up. The multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals (CIs)) of MDD across increased grip strength categories were 1.00, 0.72 (0.68-0.75) and 0.56 (0.53-0.59) (P for trend <0.0001). The HRs (95% CIs) of incident MDD across the genetic risk categories were 1.00, 1.11 (1.05-1.17) and 1.20 (1.13-1.28) (P for trend <0.0001); 4.07% of individuals with a high genetic risk and low grip strength developed MDD, and 1.72% of individuals with a low genetic risk and high grip strength developed MDD, with an HR (95% CI) of 0.44 (0.39-0.50). Both muscle strength and genetic risk were significantly associated with incident MDD. A higher muscle strength was associated with a lower MDD risk among individuals with a high genetic risk. Improving muscle strength should be encouraged for all individuals, including individuals with high genetic risk for MDD.

Evaluation of serum miRNAs expression in frail and robust subjects undergoing multicomponent exercise protocol (VIVIFRAIL)

BackgroundFrailty, defined as physical performance impairment, is a common condition in older adults and can anticipate the development of sarcopenia, a geriatric syndrome characterized by loss of muscle strength and mass. microRNAs (miRNAs) are short molecules of RNA endowed with the ability to modulate gene expression; miRNAs are present in serum and are considered potential biomarkers for several diseases. Serum concentration of miR-451a, miR-93-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-421-3p, miR-425-5p, miR-495-3p and miR-744-5p was recently shown to be altered in sarcopenic patients.MethodsWe verified if a particular miRNAs pattern could be detected in frailty as well by analyzing these molecules in 50 frail and 136 robust subjects. Additionally, a subgroup of these subjects (15 frail and 30 robust) underwent a 12-week program based on a multicomponent exercise protocol (VIVIFRAIL) consisting of resistance training, gait retraining, and balance training. After the program, serum miRNAs concentration was measured again, to verify whether the physical activity had an effect on their concentration. Moreover, clinical characteristics and indicators of physical performance of all subjects were compared before and after intervention to verify the effect of the VIVIFRAIL program.ResultsAt the end of the multicomponent exercise program, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score as well right and left handgrip (p < 0.05) were significantly increased in frail subjects; right and left handgrip significantly were increased also in robust subjects (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the variation of SPPB was significantly higher in frail compared to robust subjects (p < 0.0001). Moreover, at the end of the program, in frail compared to robust subjects: miR-451a serum concentration was significantly increased (frail: 6.59 × 104; 1.12 × 104–2.5 × 105 c/ng; robust: 2.31 × 104; 1.94 × 103–2.01 × 105 c/ng) (p < 0.05); and 2) miR-93-5p and miR-495-3p serum concentration was reduced, whereas that of miR-155-5p was significantly increased (p < 0.05 in both cases). Serum concentration of miR-93-5p and miR-495-3p was decreased, and that of miR-155-5p was increased at the end of the program in robust subjects alone, statistical significance being reached for miR-93-5p alone (p = 0.02).ConclusionThese results suggest that serum miR-451a should be investigated as a potential biomarker for frailty and show that the VIVIFRAIL multicomponent program modulates circulatory miRNAs expression, at least in older adults.

Cervical Nerve Root Cavernoma – Case Report and Literature Review

Spinal cavernous angiomas are uncommon vascular malformations in the spine accounting for 5%-12% of all spinal vascular lesions. When present in an intradural extra-medullary location, these usually present with radicular pain and neurological deficits due to mass effect (myelopathy). Herein, we present an atypical presentation of cavernous angioma in a 54-year-old man with tinnitus, headache and sensorineural hearing loss. We have also reviewed 51 cases of intradural extramedullary cavernous angiomas including our case with respect to demographic and clinical profile. A 54-year-old man presented with tinnitus in the left ear and occipital headache with neck pain and slight weakness of left-hand grip along with atrophy of thenar muscles. His pure tone audiometry (PTA) test reveled mild left sensorineural hearing loss. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of cervical spine showed T2WI heterogeneously hyperintense left intradural extramedullary lesion at C7 vertebral body level. It was avidly enhancing with contrast. The patient underwent C7 laminectomy with a midline durotomy and complete excision of the lesion under neuromonitoring with sacrifice of the C8 sensory root. His symptoms improved following the surgery. The diagnosis of a cavernoma in an unusual location in the presence of cranial nerve dysfunction needs a high degree of diagnostic suspicion. Most of these cavernomas have a nerve root origin or attachment. The optimal treatment is microsurgical en bloc resection which leads to an effective resolution of both the symptoms.

The Effect of Mobile Phone on Hand Pain and Muscle Strength

Background: Aim of the study determine the duration of mobile phone use on handgrip strength and thumb flexion muscle strength. Materials and method: The measurements were taken from hand dynamometer for handgrip strength and manual muscle tester for thumb flexion muscle strength. The means of the right and left handgrip strength, thumb flexion muscle strength were measured. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in height and weight measurements between genders (p&amp;lt;0.05). We found as using of mobile phone increased, hand strength increased. However, the highest value of thumb muscle strength on the right and left sides was observed to be over 8 hours. There was a high relation between gender and muscle strength measurements (p&amp;lt;0.05; r=0.700). Conclusion: This study revealed that the duration of mobile phone use has an effect on grip and thumb flexion muscle strength.

Examining of some physical and physiological parameters of 10-18 years old male skiers to seasonal cycles

Abstract: Skiing can be identified as a branch with the most important representative power of winter sports. Further, it has been characterized by high popularity and population, branching off in itself. During the year, different physical performance and physiological indicators are sometimes encountered in athletes depending on seasonal cycles, training levels, and living conditions. The aim of this study is to examine some physical performance parameters and the determined hormone levels to seasonal cycles. Methods: 15 male skiers with a mean age of 14.53±2.61 (years), a mean height of 158.53±9.66 (cm), and a mean body mass of 54.20±10.85 (kg) participated in the study. The information about participants' age, height, and body mass was determined by standard methods. Various measurement tools were used including a digital hand dynamometer (TKK 5401) for hand grip strength, a digital dynamometer (TKK 5402) for back and leg strength, a jump meter (Takei TKK 5406) for vertical jump height, and an electronic hand spirometer (firstMED) for respiratory functions. The Wingate anaerobic power test (Monark 894 E bicycle ergometer) was performed to determine the anaerobic power level. Additionally, to determine somatotypes (ectomorph, mesomorph, endomorph) and body fat percentage; skinfold caliper (Holtain), tape measure, and digital caliper (Holtain) were respectively utilized for skinfold thickness measurement, circumference measurements, and diameter measurements. Blood samples (hemogram test, vitamin D, cortisol, and testosterone to be checked) were taken from the antecubital vein in the sitting position. From the blood samples, serum plasma was separated and preserved by centrifugation (+4o) and all samples were analyzed at once. All tests were performed once in September, December, March, and June at an altitude of 2,000 and in pre-season and mid-season. The data were analyzed through IBM SPSS 24.0 package program. Shapiro-Wilk was used to determine the distribution of the data, descriptive and frequency analysis was used to determine the mean of the variables, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the differences between measurements. The results were presented as arithmetic mean and standard deviation (𝑋̅±Ss). Results: In 10-18 years old male skiers, it was determined that vitamin D reached its highest level in autumn, testosterone in summer, and cortisol in winter. In the inter-test comparison results, significant differences were determined in the vertical jump, right and left-hand grip strength, leg strength, testosterone, vitamin D, HCT, FVC, FEV1, and anaerobic power parameters. Conclusions: The results of the study have mostly supported the literature. Keywords: vitamin D; testosterone; cortisol; anaerobic power; respiratory functions

Muscle Strength, Physical Fitness, Balance, and Walking Ability at Risk of Fall for Prefrail Older People.

This study was to explore the relationship of older adults' demographic information, physiological indices, and stages of frailty with their risk of falling. In the cross-sectional study, a total of 221 older adults with the mean age 74.9 (SD = 6.8) years old were surveyed by senior fitness test. Results were observed in terms of participants' physical fitness, with significant differences being observed in the correlations of left-hand grip strength (t = 5.05, p < .000), right-hand grip strength (t = 6.03, p < .000), and total grip strength (t = 5.70, p < .000), time up and go test (t = -6.25, p < .000), and 30-sec chair stand test (t = 7.19, p < .000) with the risk of falling. According to the logistic regression analysis results, long-term medication (OR = 0.12, 95% CI =0.02-0.62, p < .01) and right-hand grip strength (OR = 0.86, 95% CI =0.76-0.97, p < .01) are the main predictors of older adults' risk of falling. Older females with low education, history of falls, weaker grip strengths; taking longer to finish the TUG test; and standing fewer times during the 30-second chair stand test were at risk of fall. In prediction, older people using long-term medication were at lower risk of falling, and the greater the hand grip strength was, the lower the fall risk was. According to the research results, nursing personnel must develop care programs and improve older adults' risk of falls.

Comparison of Physiological variables among qualifying and non-qualifying women’s cricket teams

Cricket is most popular team sport in India. To be in Indian team one must perform the best. For best performance one must have idea about the factors which will give a positive contribution in performance. The purpose of this study was to compare the physiological variables of qualified and not qualified teams of U-19 girl’s cricket divisional tournament of M.P. Through purposive sampling method players of qualified teams (Indore and Bhopal) of pool B and not qualified team of same pool (Rewa and Ujjain) were selected. The selected dependent variables for the study were forced vital capacity, right hand grip strength, left hand grip strength, heart rate and oxygen saturation level. The 30 girls of qualified team and 30 girls of not qualified were taken as independent variable. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS 20.0, USA. Mean and standard deviation was calculated as a descriptive statistics and independent t-test was used to find out the difference in each selected physiological variable at0.05 level of significance. The statistical analysis showed that there is significant difference between forced vital capacity of qualified and not qualified teams, which may be because of better lung capacity of high level players, also it is found that there is no any significant difference between left hand grip, right hand grip and SPO2 of qualified and not qualified teams. It is concluded from the data that that for achieving high performance in cricket along with the skill, physical fitness (Lung capacity) is equally importance.

RF34 | PMON263 Study of Testosterone Replacement in Hypogonadal Men With Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes – a Randomised Double Blinded Placebo Controlled Trial (STRIDE Study)

Abstract Objective This RCT set out to test the effect of testosterone on glycaemic control, parameters of metabolic control and quality of life(QoL) in a cohort of people with poorly-controlled type 2 diabetes and hypogonadism. Research design and methods: This is a randomised double-blinded placebo-controlled add-on trial of intramuscular testosterone undecanoate (Nebido®) administered every 12 weeks in 65 hypogonadal men with poorly-controlled type 2 diabetes. Phase 1 patients were randomly assigned to either treatment or placebo arm for 6 months of TRT. Phase 2 was an open-labelled phase for 6 months and patients on placebo moved on to the treatment group wherein patients in the treatment group continued. Anthropometric measurements, questionnaires and biochemical parameters were recorded at baseline and every three months for a year. Results Mean age of the cohort was 59±8.98 years(mean±SD). Mean duration since diagnosis of diabetes was 8.6 years. 17(26%) were on insulin. Baseline cohorts were comparable. There was no improvement in mean HbA1c or fasting plasma glucose(FBG) between the active and placebo groups after 6 months of TRT. No difference was found in HbA1c or FBG at 12 months compared to baseline in the active group either. Our study also showed a significant decrease in serum triglycerides (-0.497±0.213mmol/l, p=0.023) and improvement in left hand grip strength (p=0.025) at 6 months post treatment in the active group compared to placebo group. There was no significant difference in the mean weight, BMI, WC, WHR, fat mass, fat percentage or fat free mass between the groups. Our study is the first ever RCT to show a significant improvement in total AMS (aging male symptom) scores from baseline after 6 months of TU treatment compared to placebo group (p&amp;lt;0.05) in a cohort with poorly-controlled type 2 diabetes and hypogonadism. Another key finding from our study substantiating the clinical argument of treatment of patients with hypogonadism in diabetes cohort is that the proportion of patients with severe symptoms moving to a less severe category (low/mild/moderate severity) was 46% in the active vs only 28% in placebo group(p=0.0024). Conclusions Our study concludes that testosterone therapy did not have a significant improvement in glycaemic control at 6 months between the active and placebo groups and at 12 months within the in the active group and may need longer duration to see the positive effects especially in cohort of people who have had long duration of diabetes. There was a significant reduction in triglyceride levels and increase muscular strength after 6 months of TRT. STRIDE study is the first ever RCT to show a significant improvement in clinical symptoms and symptom severity following testosterone treatment in patients with hypogonadism and type 2 diabetes after 6 months of testosterone treatment. Presentation: Monday, June 13, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m., Monday, June 13, 2022 12:42 p.m. - 12:47 p.m.