Left-bank Part Research Articles

Ecological and agricultural assessment of the state of forage lands of boreal river floodplains in the oil-producing region (case study in the floodplain of the Kolva River, Usinsky district, Komi Republic)

Floodplain forage lands of the Pechora basin (Usinsky district of the Komi Republic) are experiencing a complex anthropogenic impact associated with both agricultural activity and pollution with petroleum products coming with flood waters. An ecological and agricultural assessment of the soil-vegetation cover of the Kolva floodplain used as hayfield (right-bank part) and pasture (left-bank part) was carried out. Soil combinations of the main part of the surveyed floodplain include alluvial sod, sod-meadow and meadow soils. Morphological signs of gley formation in meadow soils are observed in the lower part of the soil profile and are expressed moderately. Soils are characterized generally by favorable agrochemical and morphological properties, with the exception of areas subjected to pasture digression. The vegetation cover of the central and near-river part of the floodplain massif of the right bank is mainly represented by legume-cereal-grass communities formed both in inter-ridge depressions and on flat ridges. On the high floodplain of the left bank, legume-cereal-grass meadows, grass-clover and tufted hairgrass meadows are common, horsetail–butterbur, clover-cereal and cereal communities are common in the near-river part of the left bank. Despite the relatively high productivity and the presence of valuable forage species of cereals and legumes, the qualitative characteristics of hay deviate from optimal ones due to the participation of low-nutritious, unattractive, weedy and poisonous species in the herbage. On the pasture, as a result of pasture digression, there is a decrease in species diversity with the dominance of tufted hairgrass and low-value species of various grasses. In the most disturbed areas, the total projective vegetation coverage is reduced to 50%. The soil cover of the studied territory of the Kolva floodplain is currently not contaminated with hydrocarbons, with the exception of a few spots of petroleum products with a total area of 6 m2. The effect of oil pollution on the vegetation cover of the Kolva floodplain is not manifested. Background values of the content of petroleum products in soils are slightly higher in the left-bank part compared to the right-bank part.

ПАВУКИ (ARACHNIDA, ARANEI) ПСАМОФІТНИХ ОСЕЛИЩ УРОЧИЩА ЗМІЇНІ ОСТРОВИ КАНІВСЬКОГО ПРИРОДНОГО ЗАПОВІДНИКА

B a c k g r o u n d . A herpetobius spiders of psammophilic vegetation areas of the sandy coast of the Kaniv Reservoir on the territory of the Zmiyini ostrovy tract, which is part of the Kaniv Nature Reserve, were studied. The variety of natural conditions of the reserve contributed to the formation of a high species diversity of flora and the corresponding complexes of living organisms, inextricably linked to these conditions of existence. All this gives reason to expect that the potential species richness of the local spider fauna of the Kaniv Nature Reserve may be one of the highest among other nature conservation areas of Ukraine. M e t h o d s . As the main collection method pitfall soil traps were used, installed in two periods: 06.06–07.01.2011 and 03–07.07.2017. The experimental plot was located near the sandy coast of the Kaniv Reservoir. The site is sand dunes overgrown with psamophyllous herbaceous vegetation near a pine-oak forest. Geographic coordinates of the experimental hospital: 49°50'28"N; 31°32'26"E. About 160 trap-days were worked, and 25 species of spiders, which are part of 10 families, were discovered. R e s u l t s . The vast majority of species are typical xerophiles that prefer thermophytic, arid or dry, open habitats with high levels of insolation. An annotated list of species is provided, which includes faunal material, geographical distribution, ecological features, and places of finds in the left-bank part of the Forest-Steppe Zone of Ukraine and for the Kaniv Nature Reserve. Among adult specimens, males predominate, their share is 63.5 %, the share of females is 36.5 %. The share of juvenile individuals among the total number of specimens is 38.3 %. A significant percentage of juvenile individuals is determined by the time of field work (during June), when the of spring-summer phenological group species gradually reduces its quantitative and qualitative presence in groups after the reproduction period. C o n c l u s i o n s . Taking into account the results of our research and data from literary sources, the list of spiders of the Snake Islands tract includes at least 63 species from 20 families. For the first time, 15 species of spiders from 8 families are indicated for the fauna of the Kaniv Reserve: Atypus muralis (Atypidae), Berlandina cinerea, Callilepis nocturna, Drassyllus praeficus, Haplodrassus kulczynskii, Zelotes electus, Zelotes longipes, Zelotes petrensis (Gnaphosidae), Alopecosa aculeata, Mustellicosa dimidiata (Lycosidae), Pholcus opilionoides (Pholcidae), Phlegra fasciata (Salticidae), Euryopis quinqueguttata (Theridiidae), Psammitis ninnii (Thomisidae) and Titanoeca spominima (Titanoecidae). For the territory of the Zmiyini ostrovy tract, 5 species of spiders belonging to 3 families were found to be new: Pardosa lugubris, Pirata piraticus, Xerolycosa miniata (Lycosidae), Thanatus formicinus (Philodromidae) and Steatoda albomaculata (Theridiidae). The value of the Shannon index for the grouping of Herpetobium spiders in areas of psammophilous vegetation is given – 3.219 bits. This index for the spider communities of the oak forest litter (fresh silverwood) is 3.738 bits. The value of the Jacquard index for species complexes of spiders of the compared biotopes is only 0.063. The low level of fauna relatedness is explained by the significant difference in the structure of the plant composition and the corresponding microclimatic conditions. Common to herpetobium spiders of both biotopes are 4 species of spiders: Arctosa lutetiana, Crustulina guttata, Drassodes lapidosus and Titanoeca schineri.

Geological Structure and Prospects of Hydrocarbon Potential of Paleozoic Deposits in Southeastern Regions of West Siberia

Abstract —In this paper we analyze the geological structure and prospects of hydrocarbon potential of the Paleozoic deposits in southeastern regions of West Siberia, including the Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Omsk regions and the southwest of the Krasnoyarsk Territory in the left-bank part of the Yenisei River. In the process of our studies, we analyzed the tectonic structure of the basement and made a conclusion that most of the studied area is occupied by the Central West Siberian zone of Late Hercynides. In the northeast of the Tomsk region and the adjacent area of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the cis-Yenisei Upper Protezoic–Paleozoic sedimentary subbasin, lying on the pre-Baikal basement, developed. We constructed regional-zonal models of the Riphean–Cambrian deposits of the cis-Yenisei subprovince and Paleozoic deposits in the area of distribution of Hercynides and analyzed the material composition and age of the rocks of the pre-Jurassic basement. We assessed hydrocarbon potential of the Upper Proterozoic–Paleozoic deposits, identified prospective blocks and objects, developed seismogeological criteria to identify and map in detail the Paleozoic oil and gas prospective reservoirs and constructed seismogeological models of reference fields.

Morphogenetic features of the soil cover structure in the Pritazovsky Arctic (West Siberia)

The aim of the study. To give a morphogenetic characterization of the soil cover structure (SCS) of the Pritazovsky Arctic. Location and time of the study. Soi geography and soil genesis studies were carried out in 2009–2011 in the southern tundra zone of West Siberia on the left-bank part of the Taz River, in its lower reaches. Laboratory work, including analyses, was carried out in 2010–2016. Methods. A large-scale and detailed soil survey was conducted at two key sites with different landscapes. The developed soil maps were digitized in the QGIS package. The obtained digital data about the areas and perimeters of soil areas and soil combinations were converted into MS Excel, where their mathematical processing was done. When classifying soil combinations, the taxonomic system of V.M. Friedland was taken as a basis, as well as the quantitative indicators for the SCS morphogenetic analysis, the indicators also proposed by V.M. Friedland. Results. The basis of the soil cover of the Pritazovsky Arctic consists of Gleysols and Сryosols, which occupy 90,9% of the area. As for the largest areas of these soils, they vary slightly in area and outer perimeter length, having a simple geometric structure. All elementary soil areas (ESA) and soil combinations belong to small and medium-sized areas (<30 ha). More than 90% of the ESA have very small size (<5 ha). The smallest elementary soil areas are occupied by Folic-Сryosols of polygonal roller bogs. Most of the soil areas (83%) of the studied territory have a rounded or elongated shape with slightly curved borders and a short outer perimeter, which determines their monolithic and poorly articulated structure (the coefficient of dissection <2,5). The main differentiating factors of the soil cover are cryogenesis, gley processes, and detritogenesis. In general, the Pritazovsky Arctic soil cover is characterized as monotonously heterogeneous for territories with broken relief and homogeneously monotonous for territories with flat relief. Conclusions. The soil cover of the Pritazovsky Arctic territories with a broken relief is more classificationally contrasting and less geometrically complex compared with the soil cover of the territories with a flat relief. The latter has a very complex geometric structure due to the large number of very small ESA. A mosaic of small soil areas, i.e. the large number of ESA and soil combinations per unit area, strongly distinguishes the tundra soil cover from the soil cover of other bioclimatic zones of West Siberia.

Fritillaria meleagris L. (Liliaceae) in the Kharkiv Region: ecological preferences, conservation problems

Fritillaria meleagris L. is a рalearctic species with a disjunct distribution. It is protected at the national level in Ukraine, listed as "vulnerable" in the Red Data Book. Most of the data on the species distribution, as well as on the status and stability of its populations, have been obtained for the Carpathian region. Much less information is available for F. meleagris in the Forest Steppe, especially for its left-bank part. The article presents the results of the study of the peculiarities of F. meleagris distribution in the Kharkiv Region and provides information on the structure of coenopopulations and their ecological and coenotic preferences. Problems and prospects for this species conservation are also considered. The studies cover the biotopes of the Merla River valley and its tributary, the Merchyk River (the Dnipro River basin) in an area of more than 35 square km. In the Kharkiv Region, the F. meleagris coenopopulations were found mainly in grass-type biotopes. These are usually secondary post-forest meadows of the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea Tx. 1937 class. Only one coenopopulation is located in a tree-type biotope (mixed floodplain forest with Quercus robur L., Ulmus laevis Pall., Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn., Salix alba L., Padus avium Mill., Populus аlba L., P. deltoides Marshall, P. tremula L., Acer negundo L., А. tataricum L., A. campestris L., without a pronounced dominant). The specificity of the ecological regimes of the studied localities of F. meleagris has been clarified by the phytoindication method. As a rule, they are damp (less often, fresh) forest-meadow habitats with full, but uneven (temporarily excessive) wetting of the root layer of the soil. The soils are moderately aerated, weakly acidic (pH 5.5–6.5), enriched with salts, but with insignificant carbonate content, and often relatively poor in terms of mineral nitrogen. The climate is characterized by submicrothermal conditions with signs of subaridity and subcontinentality. We have not detected any significant variability of conditions (both edaphic and climatic) in the studied localities. They are more or less optimal for the existence of F. meleagris. In all the F. meleagris localities studied, the change in the hydrological regime due to the reclamation of floodplain remains a risk factor but does not pose an immediate threat. The existence of forest coenopopulations in glades is threatened by overgrowth of trees and shrubs (the invasion of Populus tremula and Acer negundo is particularly dangerous). The decrease in the number of meadow coenopopulations is a result of plowing and burning. Currently, in the Kharkiv Region, F. meleagris is protected in Slobozhanskyі National Nature Park (1 locality) and in Kapranskyі Botanical Reserve of local importance (11 localities). Monitoring of the existing localities outside the protected areas and their inclusion into the expansion zone of the Slobozhanskyі National Nature Park is an important condition for their preservation.

Вертикальная трещиноватость как особенность геологического разреза левобережной части АГКМ, влияющая на обводнение эксплуатационных скважин

The left-bank part of the Astrakhan gas condensate field (AGCF) is represented by a carbonate reservoir of a complex type. The study of the geological structure and properties of the deposit is a fundamental factor for its successful operation. There are presented the main characteristics of the lithological composition and filtration-capacitance properties of the carbonate productive reservoir C2b of the left-bank part of the AGCF, described the specific features of their formation. One of the important features of the productive carbonate reservoir of the left-bank part of the AGCF is the anisotropy of filtration-capacitance properties in different directions. Special attention was paid to the description of horizontal and vertical fracturing, and post-sedimentation processes. There is proposed a probable mechanism of fracturing in areas of high occurrence of productive strata. The problem of well flooding is of great importance for the development of AGCF. Different factors of geological and technical order were investigated (the position of drilled faces and perforation intervals/open barrel relative to the position of the gas-water contact). No regularities were revealed. Based on the study of field data, zones of vertical fracturing have been identified, which caused the flooding of wells. It is possible to map watering zones according to the structural parameters of Bashkir deposits at the highest roof marks. There has been suggested a probable model of well flooding in the left-bank part of the AGCF associated with the tectonic factor and post-sedimentation processes of external influence. The actual data are presented, including a diagram of wells with a water-gas factor WGF ≥ 100 cm3/m3 depending on the occurrence of the roof C2b, which clearly confirm the predominance of a crack-pore collector with significant communication in the described zones.

СЛУЧАЙНЫЕ НАХОДКИ СТРЕЛ В НОВОСИБИРСКОМ СЕЛЬСКОМ РАЙОНЕ НОВОСИБИРСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ РФ

The article examines two identifed cases of fnding arrowheads of different times to the north of the left bank part of Novosibirsk, in the territory of the Novosibirsk Rural District. The tips were, discovered during excavation work and have a good degree of preservation, which is very important for general work on the topic of weapons

ЖИЛИЩЕ РАННЕСРЕДНЕВЕКОВОГО ВРЕМЕНИ НА ПОСЕЛЕНИИ ПОМОРЦЕВО-2 (КУЗНЕЦКАЯ КОТЛОВИНА)

The article deals the results of the Pomortsevo-2 settlement excavations on the left bank part of the river Inya basin in the south-east of Kuznetsk hollow (the Belovo municipal district). One of the results of the field work is a dwelling with fragments of burnt construction containing 2 archaeologically complete Early Middle Ages vessels. A reconstruction of a dwelling was done which was a not deep pit of a rectangular shape with a light framed conical or multi-angular roof and a specially fitted entrance. As for cultural and chronological attribution, the assemblage is attributed to an early stage of the Upper Ob region archaeological culture and dated with 5th — Late 6th / Early 7th centuries. The chronology has been proved with C14 dating of a sample from a charcoal. In terms of theoretical method, it shows the specifics of late dwellings in ancient settlements with compressed archaeological layer. The urgency of the research comes from a lack of knowledge about the settlements of the second half of the I millinery AD on the territory of Kuznetsk hollow; uncertain cultural attribution of the early assemblages of the Middle Ages in forest-steppe Ob region. At present time, Pomortsevo-2 settlement is still a sole settlement which can be for sure associated with the early stage of the Upper Ob region culture, probably, its Kuznetsk variant.

Morphometric, hydrological characteristics and genesis of Lakes of the Povolzhskij section of the projected National Park Nizhegorodskoe Zavolzh'e

The article presents the results of researching of the morphometric and hydrological characteristics of a number of lakes in the territory of the Povolzhskij section of the projected National Park Nizhegorodskoe Zavolzh'e (Nizhny Novgorod region). The researched territory is located in the central part of the Nizhny Novgorod region in the left-bank part of the Volga River valley. Lakes are the landscape-forming framework of this territory. To date, reliable data, reflecting the features of the relief of the bottom of the lakes and their hydrological characteristics have been absent. During the research, a bathymetric survey of the lakes of the researched territory was carried out from the board of a boat, using an echo sounder, combined with a navigator. The results of field research were processed, using the geoinformation program QGIS, digital models of the relief of the basins of the researched lakes were created and their main morphometric and hydrological characteristics were calculated. Based on the analysis of morphometric characteristics of lakes and data on landscape features of their surroundings, were made conclusions about the fluvial origin of lake basins. The results of the research have both scientific significance, allowing detailed knowledge about the morphology and genesis of the lakes of the Middle Volga valley, and practical – being the centers of attraction of recreants in the projected national park, the lakes require a detailed research of morphological and hydrological parameters in order to effectively organize recreation.

Features of microtoponymy of the Ulyanovsk trans-Volga Region in the aspect of language contacts

The purpose of the study is to describe the microtoponymy of the Ulyanovsk Trans-Volga region. This territory includes the left-bank part of the modern Ulyanovsk region, that is, the land between the Kuibyshev reservoir and the Bolshoi Cheremshan river. The microtoponyms are analyzed in terms of their etymology. The material for this work was extracted from records of interviews with dialect speakers from the villages of the left-bank districts in the Ulyanovsk region. We have identified different types of place names in each thematic group. The names can be motivated by appellative vocabulary, anthroponyms, natural objects as well as appellatives. Most of the microtoponyms of the Ulyanovsk Trans-Volga region have Russian etymology. In this group of toponyms, there are not lots of substrate units. There are many more borrowings among the names of large rivers in this polyethnic region. However, even among the microtoponyms we can find the results of language contacts. First of all, we can point out borrowings from Turkic languages. These are such examples, as Kaibela, Kurdyum, Chertany, Caraculy. Among the microtoponyms we also find loanwords of Finno-Ugric origin. These are mainly borrowings from the Mordovian languages: Pesha, Pochkarikha, Kurmysh, Mary, Kokshay. Some loaned toponyms were transformed on the Russian basis and framed with Russian formants.

Проблемы и пути решения вопросов инженерной защиты и восстановления прибрежных нарушенных земель городских территорий

The problems of engineering protection of territories from flooding and flooding by flood waters of rivers are relevant for many regions of Russia, including for the Moscow region, where the project of creating the science town «Big Serpukhov» is being implemented. At the same time, serious obstacles arose related to the flooding of a significant part of the territories of the coastal zones of the Serpukhov region. Here, most of the agricultural land is in a disturbed and degraded state, it needs to be restored using phytomeliorative measures. In order to solve the problems and obstacles that have arisen, scientific programs have been drawn up to study and survey the existing state of all territories and objects of the science city being formed. And also – water bodies (Oka and Nara rivers), which are sources of flooding of coastal areas and settlements. The results of the analysis of materials previously made by the authors of developments and inventions on the engineering protection of coastal territories and objects are presented from the point of view of the possibility of their use in solving the problems of fl ooding the lands of the science city. The developments and inventions that can be effectively used in solving the issues of engineering protection and environmental arrangement of the flooded territories of the science city are briefly demonstrated. The results of preliminary studies confirm the high efficiency and manufacturability of the use of bioengineering systems for the protection and development of coastal zones. The creation and implementation of bioengineering systems based on natural and safe artifi cial materials will reduce the material costs of construction and will contribute to the restoration of water protection and other disturbed zones in compliance with environmental requirements. A preliminary assessment of the impact of the dam on the Nara River in a hydrodynamic accident on the parameters of the fl ood zone in the left-bank part of the clusters and districts of Serpukhov showed that in the implementation of the most likely accident scenario, the emergency situation may be local in terms of material damage and municipal in terms of territoriality.

Адаптивна система аграрного виробництва в умовах нестійкого зволоження

State of the problem. The latest predictive studies indicate that the trend towards climate warming will continue in the next decade. In regions with conditions of insufficient moisture due to a shortage of water resources, it is possible to counteract the threats of a decrease in the productivity of field crops not only by improving the use of the available potential of natural moisture, but also by improving the sectoral structure of agricultural production. Such improvement is carried out on a bioenergy basis and makes it possible to ensure sustainable and balanced production of food, industrial raw materials and bioenergy. The goal is to analyze the modern use of the agricultural resource potential of the Poltava region, to develop promising, highly profitable models of production activity adapted to the conditions of unstable moisture. Methodology and conditions. Statistical data of the State Committee of Statistics of Ukraine for the Poltava region averaged over the last 5 years were used to assess the effectiveness of the modern extended practice of agricultural production in the region. For the innovative bioproductivity potential of typical chernozem, the information base of long-term agrotechnical experiments of the Poltava research station was used. In the future, the obtained results were used in the development of promising options for the development of the SE “DG Im. January 9” Khorolsky district, Poltava region. Computer multivariate simulation modeling functioned with the help of the “Agroecosystem” software complex. The results. The analysis of statistical information showed that the modern widespread practice of crop specialization in the Poltava region is characterized by high instability of the productivity of the main field crops. Under these conditions, the average profitability of a hectare of arable land for 7 years is 270 u.o. Computer simulation modeling of promising options for the production activity of an agricultural enterprise in the Left Bank Forest Steppe showed that improving its branch structure on a bioenergy basis makes it possible to radically increase the profitability of production activity, to significantly strengthen its stability and resistance to external negative factors, in particular to a lack of hydration. This position is achieved by bringing the structure of acreage in line with the needs of animal husbandry, increasing the productivity of dairy herds, organizing the production of meat and dairy products, sugar, oil and bioenergy, and certifying the obtained products as organic. In the future, this will make it possible to increase the net profit to 8 thousand u.o./ha. Mastering the technology of long-term storage of sugar raw materials with the production of pulp throughout the cold period of the year, construction of an elevator and modern storage facilities for rough and juicy fodder, the formation of an insurance fund sufficient in case of adverse vegetation conditions, as well as a high level of financial self-sufficiency will make it possible to significantly strengthen the stability and sustainability of the production system to adverse factors, including agrometeorological ones. Conclusion. Cross-industry bioenergy optimization of agricultural production in relation to the agricultural resource potential of the left-bank part of the foreststeppe zone without irrigation significantly increases the sustainability of production activity. At the same time, a significant amount of chemical and man-made resources is saved and one’s own energy needs are provided, which makes it possible to significantly reduce the cost of production and increase the profitability of agricultural enterprises.

Assessment of the density of the road and path network in the landscapes of the projected Nizhny Novgorod Zavolzhye National Park as a comprehensive indicator of anthropogenic pressure (Nizhny Novgorod Region, Russia)

The article considers the indicators of landscape determination of anthropogenic pressure on the territory through the analysis of the density of the road and path network. This analysis allows, firstly, to assess the level of preservation of the landscapes of the territory, secondly, it allows to find the territories that allow to use the already established network of roads for laying tourist routes, which in the future must be taken into account during the projecting of the functional zones of the national park; thirdly, it allows to establish the landscape determination of the anthropogenic pressure on the territories of the forest zone of Central Russia. The object of the research is the territory of the projected national park in the Nizhny Novgorod region (Russia), lying in the left-bank part of the Volga River valley in its middle course.

Typological originality of secondary dialects with the south Russian basis in the Middle Volga Region

The article highlights the problem of the typology of dialects of the Middle Volga region. Particular attention is paid to secondary dialects with signs of South Russian dialect bases, the status of which in the Volga atlases is determined ambiguously. The area of the described dialect type is indicated. It is indicated that in the left-bank part of the Middle Volga region, in the so-called Trans-Volga region, there is a high probability of the existence of secondary Central Russian dialects with the preservation of signs of southern Russian maternal stems. The main source is data from regional atlases. The materials of dialectological expeditions to the villages of the Samara region are used. The description of the typological characteristics of the secondary dialects with a southern base, which are designated on the maps of regional atlases as Central Russian, is based on the analysis of isogloss of phonetic, grammatical and proper lexical dialect phenomena. In dialects with a completed transition to Central Russian, typologically significant South Russian features are types of yakany with the preservation of vowel dissimilation, obstruent pronunciation of g of secondary origin and other phonetic, morphological and lexical features that make up the series of two-term dialectal correspondences. According to the linguistic basis, such dialects are often polydialectal. In some dialects, the South Russian basis is not in doubt, and we can only state the beginning of the transition to the Central Russian type. The question is raised about the existence of secondary dialect types, formed as a result of the assimilation of dialects of the South Russian dialect with other dialects, not only in the Volga region, but also in other territories with favorable conditions for inter-dialectal contact. It is concluded that the presence of the Central Russian type and South Russian bases in the described dialects is possible only if there is a sufficient amount of information on typologically significant levels of the dialect language, in which systemic relations are clearly manifested and which are represented on linguistic maps by stable isoglosses. Data on secondary types of dialects should be based on the structural-typological classification of dialectal phenomena of various levels, including the lexical one.

New locations of rare and endangered lichen species in the Zavolzhye region of the Chuvash Republic

The paper presents new data on rare and endangered lichen species found in the Trans-Volga Region of the Chuvash Republic from 2015 to 2020. Zavolzhye of the Chuvash Republic is the left-bank part of the republic, which is covered with coniferous, coniferous-broadleaved forests. According to the physical and geographical zoning of the Middle Volga region, Zavolzhye Chuvashia is included in the forest zone, province of southern taiga and mixed forests of the Low Volga region, in the mixed forest district, to the Vetluzhsko-Kokshagsky Polessky area, according to botanical and geographical zoning belongs to the Zavolzhsky Lowland-Polesky area of subtaiga forests, according to vegetative zoning to the Zavolzhsky Boreal area. As a result of field studies we found new habitats of 11 rare and endangered lichen species: Agonimia flabelliformis, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia stellaris, Mycobilimbia epixanthoides, Mycobilimbia carneoalbida, Platismatia glauca, Ramalina dilacerata, Usnea lapponica, Usnea dasopoga, Usnea subfloridana, Xanthomendoza ulophyllodes. For each species, the coordinates of the points of growth, distribution features in the republic, ecological and substratum and phytocoenotic confinement are indicated. The information on ecology and distribution of rare lichen species is clarified. Agonimia flabeliformis is a new and rare species for the Chuvash Republic

Органическое вещество почв и техногенных поверхностных образований селитебных районов г. Перми

On the territory of the left-bank part of Perm, the urban pedocomplexes (UPC) were distinguished as a combination of soil and technogenic surface formations on the same soil-forming rocks within a certain functional zone. Within the UPC, formed on eluvial-deluvial loams and clays in the zone of multi-storey buildings, the surface horizons of soils and TSF (technogenic surface formations) were studied. A change in the zonal trend of humus formation in reclaimed soils was observed as an increase in the content of organic matter, as well as in a change in the type of humus to the humate side. The conservation of zonal features of humus formation in non-purposefully recultivated urban soils and TSF was noted. It manifests in a low or medium content of organic carbon, the formation of a humate-fulvate type of humus. Keywords: URBAN ECOLOGY, URBAN SOILS, URBAN PEDOCOMPLEX, HUMUS, HUMUS TYPE, SOIL PROPERTIES

Steppe-runner Eremias arguta (Reptilia: Lacertidae): new encounters at the northern boundary of range in the Trans-Volga region

The information about the northern range boundary of the steppe-runner Eremias arguta (Pallas, 1773) has changed in recent decades. Based on the reliable recordins in 2001-2020 from 12 locations the northern range boundary between Volga and Ural was specified. It runs through the Engelsky District of the Saratov Region, through the Stavropolsky, Kinelsky, Bogatovsky and Borsky Districts of the Samara Region, through the Buzuluksky and Tashlinsky Districts of the Orenburg Region of Russia. The northern limit of the range should be considered the Volga above-floodplain slope in the left-bank part of the Stavropolsky district in Samara region. All specimens encountered had body coloration typical of Eremias arguta deserti (Gmelin, 1789). The locations of steppe-runner are confined to open spaces treeless and without a dense herbaceous vegetation on the southern sandy slopes.

Formation of the asymmetric pattern of a river lithological catchment basin in relation to specific features of the tectonic structure of the territory

A digital terrain model of the Izh River lithological catchment basin located within the Russian Plain was developed on the basis of the ESRI ArcGIS 10.4 technologies using the SRTM 30 data. The Hydrology tool of the Spatial Analyzer set was applied to vectorize the river network and boundaries of the individual catchments forming the Izh River basin. The basin area was evaluated by a complex of morphometric indicators, such as geometrical indices (the area, the basin length, and width, the length of erosion network, the roundness coefficient) and geomorphologic indices (mean absolute elevation of the basin and the altitudinal difference, the basin slope, gradient and density of the river network, the energy of relief). The analysis of morphometric indices proved that the right bank is structurally most pronounced in relief and differs from the relatively flattened left bank in a number of indicators, namely absolute elevation difference, surface slope, gradient of the river network, and ruggedness of relief. The highest asymmetry coefficient suggests the asymmetric configuration of the basin which is due to the left-hand shift of the catchment towards the right bank. The spatial analysis of geological-tectonic organization of the basin revealed heterogenic tectonic structures and showed the correlation of relief structure of the Izh River with the spatial pattern of tectonic structures. It is argued that the basin asymmetry is, on the one hand, due to the difference in tectonic structures of its right and left bank areas, and, on the other hand, owing to the intrusion of several right-bank tributaries of the Kama River, which is the main watercourse of the 1st order, into the left-bank part of the Izh River basin. Thus, it is shown that the asymmetry of the basin could be explained by the presence of tectonic contacts, which separate geological structures different in lithological composition, genesis and age, in which the rivers have channeled their ways.

Вплив щільності будови та вологості ґрунту на продуктивність інтенсивного та напівінтенсивного сортів ячменю ярого

Goal. To determine the influence of agrophysical parameters of arable soil layer on the productivity of spring barley varieties of different types of intensity under conditions of application of mineral fertilizers on the example of typical deep low humus deep-boiling heavy loam on loess-like loam chernozem of the Left Bank part of Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Laboratory-analytical, laboratory-model, field (small-area), mathematical-statistical, computational. Results. The improvement of conditions of germination, development, and increase of biological mass of cultivars of the studied culture at soil density and humidity at the level of 1.2 g/cm3 and 80% of the lowest moisture content (LMC) in comparison with compacted soil is established. The optimal values of structure density and soil moisture are determined, which ensure the maximum biomass of intensive variety of spring barley Vzirets: 1.2 g/cm3 and 100% of LMC (at the application of 90 kg/ha of the active substance (a.s.) of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers); semi-intensive variety Zdobutok: 1.2 g/cm3 and 80% of LMC (at the application of 45 kg/ha of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, and 90 kg/ha of potassium fertilizers). In the course of field research, a decrease in the use of nutrients from the soil was revealed: nitrogen by 4.0% — for intensive and 2.0% — for semi-intensive varieties; phosphorus — by 3.4 and 4.7%; potassium — by 10.7 and 6.3%, respectively, at a high (1.4 g/cm3) level of compaction compared to its low (1.0 g/cm3) level. Under the same conditions, a decrease in the yield of spring barley grain was revealed: intensive variety — by 25, semi-intensive — by 22%. Conclusions. According to the results of experimental studies, the complex influence of soil moisture and compaction levels was revealed and their optimal parameters were established for growing intensive and semi-intensive varieties of spring barley, which achieved their maximum yield in soil fertilization.

Spatial differentiation of land mollusc fauna in plain territories of Ukraine

The taxonomic and ecological composition of the autochthonous land mollusc fauna in different parts of the plain Ukraine was analyzed on the basis of the personal data, collection materials of the State Museum of Natural History of the NAS of Ukraine in Lviv as well as numerous literature sources. Excluding representatives of the genus Helicopsis, the taxonomy and species composition of which in the territory of Ukraine still require clarification, and the steppe part of the Crimean peninsula, in four landscape zones of Ukraine, currently, a total of 109 species of land molluscs, which are autochthonous for at least part of the analyzed territory, are registered. The maximum species diversity (103 species and 2 representatives of the genus Helicopsis) is recorded in the zone of deciduous forests, followed by the right-bank part of the forest-steppe zone. The smallest number of the autochthonous species of land molluscs was noted for the right-bank part of the steppe zone. Within the Ukrainian Polesie and the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine, the taxonomic diversity of land molluscs decreases from west to east. The number of the registered autochthonous species decreases, respectively, by 1.5 and 1.7 times, and the generic diversity by 1.3 and 1.5 times. In the steppe zone, the main centre of the species diversity is the Donetsk Upland, located in the east of the country. In taxonomic and ecological composition, land mollusc complexes of the right-bank part of the forest-steppe zone are closer to the zone of deciduous forests, in its left-bank part – to the left-bank steppe. In general, the spatial differentiation of land mollusc fauna in the plain territories of Ukraine is more strongly associated not with the boundaries of landscaped zones, but with the location of these territories with respect to the Dnieper bed and with some uplands, where the species diversity of land molluscs of the zone of deciduous forests and forest-steppe zone (Podolian Upland) and the steppe zone (Donetsk Upland) is concentrated.