Learning Process Research Articles

Using Project ECHO to deliver a tele-mentoring and teaching program on palliative care in South Asia: Interpretive description of participants' experiences with a community of practice for learning.

To explore the learning experiences of participants (learners and teachers), in a yearlong tele-teaching and mentoring program on pediatric palliative care, which was conducted using the Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) model and consisted of 27 teaching and clinical case discussion sessions for palliative medicine residents in India and Bangladesh. The goal of the study is to explore how participation and learning is motivated and sustained for both residents and teachers, including the motivators and challenges to participation and learning in a novel online format. Qualitative interviews with ECHO participants, including learners and teachers were conducted. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis of interview data was conducted within an interpretive description approach. Eleven physicians (6 residents, 5 teachers) participated in interviews. Key elements of the ECHO program which participants identified as supporting learning and participation include small group discussions, a flipped classroom, and asynchronous interactions through social media. Individual learner characteristics including effective self-reflection and personal circumstances impact learning. Providing opportunities for a diverse group of learners and teachers, to interact in communities of practice (COP) enhances learning. Three major themes and 6 subthemes describing learning processes were identified. Themes included (1) ECHO program structure, (2) learner characteristics, and (3) COP. Subthemes included flipped classroom, breakout rooms, learning resources, personal circumstances, self-awareness of learning needs, and community interactions. Project ECHO suggests a novel model to train health providers, which is effective in low- and middle-income countries. Online learning programs can lead to learning through community of practice when learners and teachers are able to interact and engage in peer support and reflective practice. Educators should consider incorporating small group discussions, a flipped classroom design, and opportunities for asynchronous interactions to enhance learning for participants in online learning programs.

The impact of the integration of digital platforms and active teaching strategies (Kahoot!) on the performance of Brazilian medical course students in the discipline of histology.

Teaching human histology is part of understanding the tissues of the human body and, therefore, it is part of the training curriculum of all health courses. The increase in technologies and active teaching methodologies has a positive impact on student learning, as it reduces the challenges present in the subject. Therefore, this work aimed to compare the performance of students in the histology discipline, when compared to traditional teaching methodology and its association with game-based learning and a basic histology teaching platform. Three classes of the medical course were selected between the years 2022 and 2023, each of which was separated into a group. One group did not have access to any platform, being called the Traditional Group (TG), a group that used Kahoot!, being called the Kahoot Group (KG), and a group that used the teaching platform, being called the Histoatlas Group (HG). Both KG and HG groups showed greater effectiveness in learning and improved performance, when compared to TG. These improvements in KG and HG were also highlighted as learning aids and easy to use. KG students performed better in the practical test when comparing groups. However, this difference was not observed in the students' averages. However, students pointed out the relevance of trying to improve the traditional teaching methodology. Therefore, this study points out that, even though the traditional teaching methodology is efficient in the student's teaching and learning process, there is a need on the part of students to make the subject more dynamic.

MENUMBUHKAN KESADARAN DAN MOTIVASI ANAK TK HIDUP SEHAT HEMAT MELALUI FUN LEARNING

The learning process from an early age needs to be introduced to children as a fundamental means of personal development. One important aspect that needs to be instilled is awareness and motivation for living a healthy and economical life. It's not just about physical health, but financial health as well, which is a factor influencing future well-being. Establishing habits cannot be achieved overnight, but require continuous processes and training to shape character and habits. This activity aims to raise awareness and motivation among kindergarten students about the importance of living a healthy and economical life through fun learning, so that they are motivated to live healthily and save for the future. Methods include preparation, implementation, and evaluation stages. Preparation involves initial visits and meetings with school principals. Implementation is carried out through interactive activities to help students understand the benefits of living a healthy and economical life. Evaluation is done by observing students' reactions after the activity. The results can be seen in the increased understanding of students regarding healthy and economical living. Students are able to differentiate between expensive and cheap foods, and identify healthy foods in their packed meals. The enthusiasm and active behavior of students in answering questions reflect their increased motivation. Furthermore, the series of activities and interactions conducted by students with the children are able to nurture and stimulate artistic sensibilities, creativity, thinking skills, and motor skills. This can be seen through the development and ability of students to complete each activity faster than in previous sessions. The approach through fun learning activities is able to provide understanding, build awareness, and motivate children to adopt healthy and economical living habits.

Stimulus Minat Belajar Matematika Menggunakan Media Pembelajaran Audio Visual di Tingkat Sekolah Dasar

This article describes the skills of students in learning mathematics by using media and audio in madrasah/primary schools in Ibtidaiyah. This study aims to determine the use of these communication tools on students' interest in learning mathematics. This research is qualitative research using the SLR (Systematic Literature Review) method. Data sources are 10 journal articles indexed by Google Scholar. Data analysis was carried out with the stages of data collection, data reduction, verification, and conclusion drawing. This research was conducted in elementary schools to see the use of audio and digital media in learning mathematics. The results of this study show that audio and video media can increase students' interest in learning mathematics. Students learn math through these two methods compared to traditional teaching methods. The use of audio and digital media can increase students' participation in the learning process. In addition, students can better understand difficult and complex mathematical concepts because of the access provided by both media. The results provide important implications for curriculum development at the Primary level and recommend the inclusion of audio and digital media in mathematics education. This research makes an important contribution to improving the quality of mathematics teaching and students' interest in the course. This research is also expected to provide a reference for developing new interactive teaching methods at the elementary school level.

Framework for the analysis and comparison of e-assessment systems

The use of technology within the education sector affects many aspects of the learning process, including assessment. Electronic assessment presents many advantages over traditional paper based methods and it is being widely used by teachers and educational institutions. The progressive acceptance and use of e-assessment has resulted in the development of a panoply of e-assessment systems. This paper aims to propose a framework for the analysis and comparison of e-assessment systems, to support the selection of the most suitable assessment instruments. The proposed framework is composed of eight criteria, variety of design options, scalability, security, access and usability, feedback features, personalisation, cost and interoperability, which were overall validated by the viewpoints of educational experts via an online questionnaire.

Psikologi Pendidikan di dalam al-Qur’an

Educational psychology is an important foundation in curriculum development and understanding student character. The Qur'an plays a central role in the perspective of Islamic education, emphasizing the concepts of extraordinary life. Islamic psychology enriches the view of psychology with religious values. Human beings in the Islamic view have unique potentials and special traits, such as learning abilities and good and bad tendencies. The Qur'an encourages people to make use of reason and go through the learning process, paying attention to the ethics of students towards teachers. The verses of the Qur'an reveal the motivation for learning through requests, commands, exhortations, and threats. It includes intrinsic drives such as curiosity and learning tendencies as well as extrinsic drives such as rewards and commands. The harmony between material and spiritual aspects is important in overcoming internal conflicts, while the positive human potential is often emphasized in the hope for change for the better. The Qur'an also describes man's psychological struggle between conflicting traits such as lust and spiritual instinct. By combining psychological views and religious teachings, this approach provides a rich foundation for human self-understanding and development in the context of education and life.

APPLICATION OF RANDOM FOREST METHOD TO PREDICTION OF STUDENT CANDIDATES ACCEPTED IN THE SNMPTN PATHWAY (CASE STUDY AT UNIVERSITAS LAMBUNG MANGKURAT)

Academic planning is an essential aspect that needs to be carried out to plan the teaching and learning process in a campus, such as the admission of new students through the SNMPTN. At Lambung Mangkurat University, it is known that the partici- pants who took the SNMPTN during the 2021 admission period amounted to 7,703. It is recognized that selecting candidates is not easy due to many prospective students passing the selection but choosing to withdraw. Therefore, a system is needed to predict the graduation of prospective students through the SNMPTN. This research utilizes the Random Forest method to predict the graduation of prospective students through the SNMPTN. The data will be divided into 90% for training data and 10% for testing data, then using classification parameters with 300 n-estimators. The research yielded a precision value of 0.72, recall value of 0.46, and system accuracy of 89.3% For further research recommendations, other prediction methods can be explored to forecast the graduation rate of students through the SNMPTN, or a comparison of methods can be con- ducted to determine which method is more effective.

The interactive roles of individual motivational characteristics and delivery method in upper-level accounting courses

ABSTRACT This paper examines how self-efficacy, intrinsic motivation and test anxiety interact with the delivery method (online vs. face-to-face) in upper-level classes (third- and fourth-year students) in their association with course performance. Previous research in accounting [e.g. Chen et al., 2013. Online accounting education vs. in-class delivery: Does course level matter? Issues in Accounting Education, 28(1), 1–16] shows that this higher level is where the delivery method matters most, but conclusions differ as to whether face-to-face or online enjoys a decisive advantage [e.g. Aldahray, 2022. Do accounting students always perform better online? The COVID-19 experience. Accounting Education (Nov), 1–19; Chen et al., 2013; McCarthy et al. 2019. Intermediate accounting and auditing: Does course delivery method impact student performance? Journal of Accounting Education, 46, 26–42]. The findings, based on a survey of 238 students and analyses of variance with more detailed consideration of interactions noted, reveal interesting dynamics between individual student characteristics and suggest that these characteristics play an important role in course performance, possibly offsetting any perceived quality differential for one delivery method over the other. For example, the results underscore an important role played by intrinsic motivation in the learning process. The findings also suggest differential implications for post-secondary institutions in different environments, such as those that generally attract students who are more motivated and prepared versus (vs.) those in which these characteristics vary greatly among students.

Historical background and basic elements of the ideal of Chinese traditional management education

The article is devoted to determining the specifics of the ideal of traditional management education in China in the context of the modern strategy of ­China’s digital breakthrough. Using historical-philosophical, comparative and hermeneutic methods, the authors refer to the works of thinkers of Old China and modern researchers on the topic of education and public administration, and identify the components of the ideal traditional management education. It is stated that the ideal of management education is historical in nature, continuously developing and consists of a traditional core, which needs to be preserved and protected, and a “floating” part that is always adjusted in the conditions of changing reality. The Chinese society is characterised by the constant presence among the components of the national idea that lies in the dream to form a perfect managerial education based on historical practice which solved the state task of training managers of various levels. The historical prerequisites for the formation of such an ideal are described and the development of the modern system of education of civil servant is shown. Three main elements of the traditional education system are emphasised: concentration of knowledge under control of the national caste of managers; cognitive duality teacher-pupil as the basis of the learning process; stimulation of public education in contrast to home schooling. It is concluded that effective managerial education is impossible without a socio-cultural basis, a kind of educational ideal which fulfills the regulatory function.

Psychological factors enhanced heterogeneous learning interactive graph knowledge tracing for understanding the learning process

IntroductionWith the rapid expansion of online education, there is a burgeoning interest within the EdTech space to offer tailored learning experiences that cater to individual student's abilities and needs. Within this framework, knowledge tracing tasks have garnered considerable attention. The primary objective of knowledge tracing is to develop a model that assesses a student's proficiency in a particular skill based on their historical performance in exercises, enabling predictions regarding the likelihood of correct responses in future exercises. While existing knowledge tracing models often incorporate information such as students' exercise answering history and skill mastery level, they frequently overlook the students' mental states during the learning process.MethodsThis paper addresses this gap by introducing a novel psychological factors-enhanced heterogeneous learning interactive graph knowledge tracing model (Psy-KT). This model delineates the interactions among students, exercises, and skills through a heterogeneous graph, supplementing it with four psychological factors that capture students' mental states during the learning process: frustration level, confusion level, concentration level, and boredom level. In the modeling of students' learning processes, we incorporate the forgetting curve and construct relevant cognitive parameters from the features. Additionally, we employ the Item Response Theory (IRT) model to predict students' performance in answering exercises at the subsequent time step. This model not only delves into the psychological aspects of students during the learning process but also integrates the simulation of forgetting, a natural phenomenon in the learning journey. The inclusion of cognitive parameters enhances the description of changes in students' abilities throughout the learning process. This dual focus allows for a more comprehensive understanding of students' learning behaviors while providing a high level of interpretability for the model.Results and discussionEmpirical validation of the Psy-KT model is conducted using four publicly available datasets, demonstrating its superior performance in predicting students' future performance. Through rigorous experimentation, the integration of psychological and forgetting factors in the Psy-KT model not only improves predictive accuracy but also enables educators to offer more targeted tutoring and advice, enhancing the overall efficacy of the learning experience.

Peran dan Tantangan Tenaga Pendidik dalam Menghadapi Kurikulum Merdeka di SMP Negeri 2 Sipoholon

The role and challenges faced by teaching staff in implementing the independent curriculum at Sipoholon State Middle School. In the learning process using the independent curriculum, teaching staff at SMP Negeri 2 Sipoholon have challenges, including: making clear and flexible schedules for teachers, holding regular training and workshops, forming teams or working groups of teachers, and encouraging active participation of students in the learning process. Solutions to face these challenges include increasing supervision and support from schools, regular training and workshops, as well as providing ongoing professional training and development. In this way, educators are expected to be able to overcome these challenges and improve student performance significantly. This research was conducted using qualitative methods, namely field observations and interviews. The results of the research show that the implementation of the independent curriculum at SMP Negeri 2 Sipoholon. The results of the research show that the implementation of the independent curriculum is less effective at SMP Negeri 2 Sipoholon because it causes many problems. The aim of this research is to identify the roles and challenges faced by teaching staff in implementing the independent curriculum at SMP Negeri 2 Sipoholon and to develop effective solutions to overcome these challenges. This research aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the important role of teaching staff in designing and implementing an independent curriculum, as well as to identify concrete obstacles that may hinder effective implementation.

PENDAMPINGAN KOMUNITAS BELAJAR SEKOLAH PENGGERAK MELALUI LOKAKARYA REFLEKSI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PROSES PEMBELAJARAN DI SEKOLAH DASAR

Driving schools, especially elementary schools in Wajo Regency, have several learning communities with different teacher competencies. Most teachers have not fully mastered the differentiation learning process in the Merdeka Belajar curriculum. The aim of this mentoring activity is to assist learning community teachers in planning, organizing and implementing an effective and creative Merdeka curriculum learning process. The method used in this service is a workshop form which includes stages starting from self, collaboration space, contextual demonstration and real action. Meanwhile, the material in this service activity uses teaching materials that have been determined by the Directorate General of Teachers and Education Personnel, Ministry of Education and Culture, Research and Technology. The results of the service show that the learning community that was accompanied has been able to create a plan for real action for a quality learning process that will be implemented in their respective educational units. Apart from that, the participants increasingly understand the function and role of the Learning Community in improving student performance and solving every problem in the Education Unit

Multilayer knowledge graph construction and learning behavior routing guidance based on implicit relationships of MOOCs

As a mature model of open or distance education, MOOCs provide learners and teachers with flexible knowledge propagation and independent learning methods, facilitate the online resource sharing of teachers, learners and knowledge, and realize the digital management and application of entire learning processes, but also brought the key challenge, how to achieve the adaptive learning behaviors based on knowledge graphs? This study constructs one multilayer knowledge graph prediction model of MOOCs, and implements the implicit relationships to drive suitable learning behavior routes. Firstly, the knowledge graphs in MOOCs are analyzed and described; Secondly, we combine with data structures and relationships, define appropriate node semantics and relationship characteristics, as well as learning behavior scenarios and learning needs, PMIR-BG model based on improved bipartite graph is designed to predict the implicit relationships. Experiments show that the model is efficient and reliable for tracking implicit relationships and building multilayer knowledge graphs; Thirdly, the analysis conclusions of corresponding problems are demonstrated. Through visualizing the knowledge graphs of multilayer relationships, the learning behavior routing guidance is realized. The whole research has strong theoretical value and practical significance, and provides key technologies and decisions to construct and optimize the personalized and adaptive learning processes.

Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning terhadap Minat Belajar Peserta Didik di Sekolah Dasar

Interest in learning is one of the factors that can influence student learning outcomes. In the learning process we often encounter problems related to students. In this study, researchers found the problem of students who were less active in learning activities. So researchers try to provide a solution so that students' interest in learning increases, namely by using the Problem Based Learning model. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of the Problem Based Learning model on students' interest in learning in elementary schools. This research uses the Systematic Review Literature method. Researchers searched for relevant articles on the Google Scholar database, by looking for articles that were relevant to the topic. From several articles found, 10 articles from 2019-2024 were found that were relevant to the topic of the Problem Based Learning model on students' learning interest in elementary schools. Based on several of these articles, the results showed that there was an increase in students' interest in learning using the Problem Based Learning model compared to the conventional model. This means that there is an influence between the use of the Problem Based Learning model and students' interest in learning in elementary schools.

Rancang Bangun Computer Based Test (CBT) Berbasis Web

Examinations are an evaluation method in the teaching and learning process in schools. Generally, exams in schools are still carried out conventionally using paper and stationery, and exam assessments are carried out directly by the teacher. However. The process of creating exam questions, duplicating questions, evaluating and filling in answers is still manual using paper and stationery, causing various obstacles such as high costs and long correction times. To solve the problem above, the researcher used the Agile system development method with the Extreme Programming model which involves four stages: planning, designing, coding and testing. The research results show the success of the CBT application that was built. The application was tested using the black box testing method. Test results show that the correction process is faster by 0.9 seconds and more accurate. Apart from that, in terms of costs, using this application is also cheaper. This shows that the CBT application has a positive impact in increasing the efficiency, accuracy and effectiveness of testing and reducing the costs of administering the exam.

The impact of a chatbot working as an assistant in a course for supporting student learning and engagement

AbstractNowadays, many digital learning tools can be integrated into a course to enhance the teaching–learning process. It is a fact that technology is changing how students learn and how professors teach. The growing utilization of AI chatbots in education to support students' learning underscores the importance of identifying critical aspects related to students' acceptance of this technology. Teachers require a deeper understanding of how students perceive and respond to chatbot assistance, as well as methods to measure levels of satisfaction, engagement, and knowledge acquired while using these technological tools. The aim of this study was, on the one hand, to illustrate the integration of a chatbot into a course to assist students in solving specific learning activities. On the other hand, it aimed to analyze the correlation between the factors influencing university students' intention to use chatbots and their perceived usefulness. It is noteworthy that the learning activity integrated two technologies: an Integrated Development Environment and a chatbot, offering additional educational value to students. The Technology Acceptance Model was used to measure the students' perceived usefulness and attitude toward this digital learning tool. The findings of this study provided insights to faculty on how to integrate and use chatbots to enhance students' engagement and motivation. The results revealed that the perceived usefulness of chatbots does, in fact, influence students' intention to use them. Most of the students expressed satisfaction with having a chatbot to assist them in solving exercises. Students highlighted that one of the most significant benefits was the 24/7 chatbot's support availability and its user‐friendly interface.

Your body tells how you engage in collaboration: Machine‐detected body movements as indicators of engagement in collaborative math knowledge building

AbstractCollaborative learning, driven by knowledge co‐construction and meaning negotiation, is a pivotal aspect of educational contexts. While gesture's importance in conveying shared meaning is recognized, its role in collaborative group settings remains understudied. This gap hinders accurate and equitable assessment and instruction, particularly for linguistically diverse students. Advancements in multimodal learning analytics, leveraging sensor technologies, offer innovative solutions for capturing and analysing body movements. This study employs these novel approaches to demonstrate how learners' machine‐detected body movements during the learning process relate to their verbal and nonverbal contributions to the co‐construction of embodied math knowledge. These findings substantiate the feasibility of utilizing learners' machine‐detected body movements as a valid indicator for inferring their engagement with the collaborative knowledge construction process. In addition, we empirically validate that these inferred different levels of learner engagement indeed impact the desired learning outcomes of the intervention. This study contributes to our scientific understanding of multimodal approaches to knowledge expression and assessment in learning, teaching, and collaboration.Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic Previous research emphasizes the importance of gestures as essential tools for constructing common ground and reflecting shared meaning‐making in learning and teaching contexts. The prior studies in multimodal learning analytics (MMLA) suggest that certain forms of body movements and postures can be differentiated based on the automatic detection of upper body joint locations. Empirical observations indicate that co‐thought gestures typically involve smaller hand or arms movement that are closer to the gesturer's body than co‐speech gestures used in interpersonal communication. What this paper adds This paper fills the research gap by examining the use of gestures in collaborative learning, offering insights into how individuals contribute verbally and nonverbally to collaborative knowledge construction. This paper introduces the concept of using machine‐detected body movements as a viable proxy for inferring learners' engagement in collaborative knowledge‐building activities. Leverages sensor technologies for automatic detection of body movements, the innovative approach in this work seeks to overcome the time‐intensive and laborious process of manually coding gestures. Implications for practice and/or policy By recognizing the potential significance of learners' body movements in indicating engagement levels with collaborative knowledge‐building activities, instructors can set up computer‐supported collaborative learning (CSCL) environments to enable capturing these movements. Given the crucial role of gestures in learning, teaching, and collaboration, educators can create more equitable formative assessment practices for linguistically diverse students by developing strategies that align with multimodal forms of knowledge expression. Research can expand beyond mathematics to explore the transferability of these findings to other subjects, helping educators create comprehensive pedagogical approaches that leverage multimodal interactions across disciplines.

Implementation of the Teaching Factory Learning Model to Improve Student Competencies in Entrepreneurship Subjects at SMKN 1 Bagor, Nganjuk Regency

This study aims to determine (1) the implementation of the teaching factory learning program, (2) describe the implementation of the teaching factory learning model in improving students in entrepreneurship subjects. Teaching factory learning aims to train students to become entrepreneurs. Teaching factory is implemented by setting up a business unit or company at school. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. The data collection techniques used are documentation, interviews and questionnaires. Data validity uses credibility test criteria, transferability, dependability, and confirmabilitaty criteria. The data analysis technique used is the Miles and Huberman model, namely data reduction (Data Reduction), data presentation (Data Display), and conclusion drawing / verification. The results of this study can be obtained that: 1) the implementation of teaching factory learning is in accordance with the concepts and elements, equipment and equipment have been fulfilled, the marketing aspect has not been maximized, 2) teaching factory learning to improve student competence in entrepreneurship subjects. The goal is to train and facilitate students to maximize their talents and interests. The principles make students independent by instilling an entrepreneurial mentality, and 3) students have motivation to move forward, creativity, commitment innovation and honesty, The level of tendency of the entrepreneurial spirit of students is included in the high category. the implementation of the teaching factory learning model in improving student competence in entrepreneurship subjects includes 3 components, namely: (1) Product, (2) Block Schedule, (3) Job Sheet. The results of the Implementation of the Teaching Factory Learning Model are: the practical learning process is carried out based on real work procedures (real job), teaching factory learning is done by learning by doing, teaching factory learning activities produce learning that takes place centered on students (student active learning). Keywords: teaching factory learning model, student entrepreneurial competence

Organizational learning from failures: double moderating impact of organizational trust and owner-manager interest in human resource development

ABSTRACT This study examines how organisational learning processes, such as learning stocks, learning flows, and external learning affect Korean small- and medium-sized enterprises’ (SMEs) perceived recovery and organisational performance through learning from failure. The double moderated mediation impact of organisational trust and owner-managers’ interest in human resource development (HRD) in these relationships has been tested. About 400 SMEs were selected and a self-reported online survey was administered. Among them, 296 SMEs were analysed based on their experience in employee development. All three organisational learning activities have an impact on perceived failure recovery and organisational performance through learning from failure. Additionally, organisational trust and owner-managers’ interest in HRD moderates the relationship between organisational learning activities. However, owner-managers’ interest in HRD has a negative moderating effect, indicating that power-political relationships impede learning from failure. Using the method of self-reporting to identify the role of organisational learning from failure, this study addresses the lack of empirical research with an integrated approach on this topic. The findings have several academic and practical implications. Owner-managers must engage in various developmental activities to build trust among members and should create space and time where employees feel free to share ideas and reflect on their opinions.

Sociocultural Change, Communication, and Learning in Central Java, Indonesia

The assessment of village progress takes more into account economic and physical aspects and pays less attention to the sociocultural aspects carried out by the community. Socioeconomic pressures on village communities can hinder people's opportunities to learn about the culture rooted in the community. The research question is how to drive sociocultural change in villages through persuasive communication and social learning. This research uses a qualitative approach with data collection methods such as in-depth interviews and participatory observation. This research was carried out in Jabung, Central Java, Indonesia, at the end of 2022. The results of the study show the importance of revitalizing sociocultural values that are rooted in village communities, such as mutual cooperation [gotong royong], mutual respect [unggah-ungguh], acceptance and gratitude [nrimo], respecting ancestors, and respecting the value of life for all living things. The results of sociocultural revitalization are supported through persuasive communication approaches, social learning processes, and collective community involvement. Theoretically, this research shows a conceptual correlation between sociocultural change, persuasive communication, and the social learning process.