Learning Circles Research Articles

Between Antiquarianism and Satire: Tertullian’s De Pallio in the Age of Confessions, c. 1590–1630

This article analyses the scholarly efforts of two generations of late humanists on a text that became particularly popular in learned circles around the turn of the seventeenth century: Tertullian’s mock oration on the philosophical cloak, known as De Pallio. It focusses on a methodological shift in scholarship from conjectural emendation to antiquarian explication, and it highlights the polemical and literary dynamics at the basis of the text’s reinterpretation as a satire. These insights are in turn linked to the changing circumstances of learned polemics in the Republic of Letters, and to the central place of confessional strife as an organizing principle for scholarship itself. I conclude the article by gesturing towards the seventeenth-century fortune of the ‘pallium’ as a polemical trope.

Learning Circles: Learning Online Together at the Cologne Public Library

Abstract The Cologne Public Library has offered small, facilitated study groups for online learning, called learning circles, for the past two years. The development of learning circles by Peer 2 Peer University (P2PU) is discussed, as well as the Library’s experiences with this learning model. An introduction is given to the Erasmus+ project Learning Circles in Libraries (LCIL).

Peningkatan Sikap Ilmiah Siswa melalui Guided Inquiry Berbantuan Media Papan Putar pada Tema Pahlawanku Kelas IV

This research aims to describe how many the increase scientific attitudes of students and teacher skills through guided inquiry assistance by circle board properties on pahlawanku theme in fourth grade of SD 1 Margorejo. Scientific attitudes are student attitudes that appear through scientific activities in learning. Guided inquiry is model of learning that involves students actively in learning process through research activities and inquiry systematically to answer a problem. Action hypotheses in this research are the application of guided inquiry learning models assistance by circle board properties can increase scientific attitude of students on pahlawanku theme in fourth grade of SD 1 Margorejo. This classroom action research conducted in fourth grade class of SD 1 Margorejo with 20 students as subject. Available two cycles in this research, each cycle consist of four stages, they are planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The dependent variable is scientific attitudes, meanwhile the independent variables are guided inquiry learning models and circle board properties. Aggregation data technique that used is interview, observation, test, and documentation. The analyses data in this research is quantitative and qualitative analyses data. The result of this research shows that there is increase of student scientific attitudes measured by three aspects of learning. Scientific attitudes in cycle I on knowledge aspect is65%, attitude aspects is 2,81, and skill aspects is 2,96. The cycle II increased to knowledge aspect is 85%, attitude aspects is 3,33, and skill aspects is 3,38. It proves that student scientific attitudes can increased through guided inquiry assistance by circle board properties on pahlawanku theme fourth grade of SD 1 Margorejo. Based on the result of this classroom action research that have done in fourth grade of SD 1 Margorejo, the research concludes that student scientific attitudes can increase through guided inquiry assistance by circle board properties on pahlawanku theme fourth grade of SD 1 Margorejo. Therefore, the researcher gives suggestions are on applying guided inquiry learning models assistance by circle board properties, teacher must be more competent and innovative in improving student participations

Titivillus in learned circles at the University of Prague at the beginning of the 15th century

Titivillus in learned circles at the University of Prague at the beginning of the 15th century

중등교과서의 고려시기 내용요소와 급간 체계화 방안

This study tried to review the research achievements of the learned circles of the Goryeo Dynasty history. It is to extract the central content elements that explain the time period, and to systematize them on the base of differences, between middle and high schools, fundamental aspects of history education.BR We have experienced that the possible options under current circumstances are limited. Because the issue of systematization has been raised repeatedly and negative views have been submitted to the discussion itself, despite the changes in the curriculum taking into account the systematization. If so, the most realistic approach at this time is to review the learning elements from the bottom up, to organize them around the core elements, and to apply them to 2015 school curriculum which was the most recent curriculum.BR On the other hand, it is believed that in the to long term, it is necessary to find out the ways to systematize content elements according to the times, which is the core of history. The long term method of systematization is to allow middle school students to discern the signs of the historical changes of more than 100 years. In the high school stage, through the descriptions of major topic history, the long term method is to explore also the changes of dynastic units, and to compare premodern history and modern history.

Customer learning trajectories when using a product for the first time

Several studies in marketing research focus on learning costs in product usage linked to the acquisition of declarative and procedural knowledge in this context. Yet, the learning process itself and the ways customers actually learn to use products have received little attention. This research explores the dynamics of the customer’s learning experience and its heterogeneity in the case of the first use of a product, using Kolb’s experiential learning circle. The results of a qualitative study with filmed observations and interviews identify four customer learning paths, enriching this model. Based on these customer learning paths, the article proposes recommendations to improve business strategies in terms of customer training and product use assistance.

Clinical big data and deep learning: Applications, challenges, and future outlooks

The explosion of digital healthcare data has led to a surge of data-driven medical research based on machine learning. In recent years, as a powerful technique for big data, deep learning has gained a central position in machine learning circles for its great advantages in feature representation and pattern recognition. This article presents a comprehensive overview of studies that employ deep learning methods to deal with clinical data. Firstly, based on the analysis of the characteristics of clinical data, various types of clinical data (e.g., medical images, clinical notes, lab results, vital signs and demographic informatics) are discussed and details provided of some public clinical datasets. Secondly, a brief review of common deep learning models and their characteristics is conducted. Then, considering the wide range of clinical research and the diversity of data types, several deep learning applications for clinical data are illustrated: auxiliary diagnosis, prognosis, early warning, and other tasks. Although there are challenges involved in applying deep learning techniques to clinical data, it is still worthwhile to look forward to a promising future for deep learning applications in clinical big data in the direction of precision medicine.

The Moderating Effect of Improving Participant's Satisfaction Level and Quality of Life in the Relationship between Lifelong Learning Organization Support and Learning Circle Activation

이 연구는 평생학습기관의 어떠한 지원내용이 동아리 활성화에 영향을 미치는가를 분석하고, 활동에 대한 학습자의 만족수준과, 학습자가 참여를 통해 얻는 삶의 질 개선 정도 두 요인이 활성화에 미치는 효과를 구체화하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해, 평생학습기관의 학습동아리 참여자를 대상으로 조사를 시행하였으며, 지역을 통제한 상황에서 지원내용에 대한 다중회귀분석과 만족수준 및 삶의 질 개선 정도에 대한 조절회귀분석을 시행하였다. 그 결과, 학습동아리에 대한 기관의 긍정인식과 중요성 인식, 기관장의 관심, 회원모집을 돕는 정도, 봉사할 수 있도록 하는 안내 등 5개의 변인이 학습동아리 활성화에 영향을 주는 것으로 도출되었다. 다음으로, 참여학습자의 동아리 만족수준 및 삶의 질 개선 정도의 조절효과를 분석해본 결과, 만족수준은 학습동아리 활성화에 기여하지만 기관의 지원내용과 상호작용하는 조절효과는 없는 것으로 나타났으며, 삶의 질 개선 정도는 기관의 학습동아리에 대한 관심이 높은 상황에서 오히려 활성화를 저해하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 지원기관은 학습동아리의 자율성과 성장단계 등을 고려하여 구체적이고 단계적으로 지원사항을 조절할 필요가 있다.This study aimed to analyze the influence of lifelong learning institution’s supporting contents on the activation of learning circles, and specified the effects of the two factors - satisfaction level with learning circles and quality-of-life improvement obtained through participation - on activation. For this, the study tracked lifelong leaning-support agency’s learning-circle participants, and in the situation that regions were controlled, conducted a multiple regression analysis on supporting elements and moderator regression analysis on satisfaction level and quality-of-life improvement. As a result, five variables which have an effect on learning-circle activation such as positive and importance perception of organization, president s interest, level of helping recruit new members and guidance for learning circles to serve etc. To the next, the results of analyzing the satisfaction level and moderate effects of quality-of-life improvement indicated that the moderate effect of a circle s satisfaction contributed to the activation of learning circles, but that there were not the regulation effects of interaction with the support agency s support contents; however, that quality-of-life improvement rather hindered the activation in the situation that agencies interest in the circles was high. Accordingly, it is necessary to control specific and phased support considering the autonomy, growth stage, etc. of learning circles in the process of supporting learning circles.

Art, Technology, Education: Synergy of Modes, Means, Tools of Communication

The purpose of this article is to highlight the fact that the fertile learning circle of creative production/cultivation and technology in the organization and implementation of school projects by secondary schools for students aged 12–18, is aimed at the management of digital content, not just by using ready-made applications, but also by emphasizing the “we” in the use of technology. This entails focusing on a pedagogical notion of the efficacy of art, and also expanding the concept of the artwork by investigating it as a participatory practice, studying the relations between multiple nodes, the dynamic potentials and practices of composition in the media. Artwork as a rhizome, complex, pluralistic emerges as an open-ended assemblage and reorients the way of teaching. The dynamic field ‘Art and Technology’ as a field of synthesis, convergence, a modality of happening, and as a means of acquiring the skills and extensive knowledge necessary to bring about change, is based on technological, experimental, interactive and procedural technologies that involve the actions and/or influences and input of multiple persons as well as the machines. A new reality is built, encoded, recorded, and students are actively involved.

‘Virtuous’ and ‘Vicious’ Circles? Adults’ Participation in Different Types of Training in the UK and Its Association with Wages

The relationship between education, skills and labour market outcomes is becoming an increasingly pressing issue in many countries. In the UK, recent changes in education and skills funding structures and the ongoing consequences of the 2008 recession may have affected participation in training. ‘Virtuous’ and ‘vicious’ circles of learning may exist, whereby access to training is associated with social advantage, and training begets more training. We explore workers’ participation in different types of training and how this is associated with wages using the UK Household Longitudinal Study. Our exploratory findings suggest that those working in lower-level occupations may not only be less likely to undertake training in general, but also less likely to have done types of training associated with wage increases (e.g., to meet occupational standards), and more likely to have done training associated with no or negative changes in wages (e.g., health and safety) compared to those working in higher-level occupations. We suggest that further research is needed to unpack the ‘black box’ of training and its impacts upon different groups of people. We discuss the implications of our findings to help break the ‘vicious’ circles.

Learning through structured peer discussion: An observational study

Clinical experiences are an essential foundation of nursing education. While there have been many significant investigations into models of clinical education and student learning, how students 'make sense' of their experiences is less well investigated. Senior nursing staff in a tertiary health service partnered with nurse researchers to explore how students can learn more about practice through structured discussions with peers to promote shared understandings. The study aimed to evaluate the contributions to student learning from structured peer discussions about patient care. Exploratory observational study of the effects of learning circle discussions on individual understanding of patient care. A metropolitan health service in southeast Queensland, Australia. 72 Bachelor of Nursing students in Years 2 and 3. Students developed concept maps about patient care prior to peer discussions, and subsequently added further concepts (in another colour of text) after those discussions. Researchers' review of student generated concept maps and coded concepts indicated a five a priori ways of knowing categories: empirical, aesthetic, ethical, personal and socio-political. Descriptive analysis of categories was then conducted. Empirical knowing was high in both groups, with more concepts included in Year 3 student maps. Aesthetic knowing was relatively high in both groups. Socio-political knowing was lower than anticipated overall. Personal and ethical forms of knowing were rarely included on the concept maps. While clinical placement is valued for developing empirical and aesthetic forms of knowing, the other forms of knowing have value for patient and family care and warrant strategies to improve their further development. Developing strategies to support student learning of ethical and personal forms of knowing deserves further investigation.

Pemahaman Nilai Phi (Π) terhadap Rumus Keliling Lingkaran pada Mahasiswa PGSD 2018 Unirow Tuban

As a prospective educator, especially Unirow Tuban students are expected to have adequate competition. The competence in question is primarily the mastery of mathematics learning material that will be taught to elementary school students. One of the material that is often considered easy but in fact many educators and even students also have difficulty in teaching is to understand the value of phi (π) in the formula around the circle. An interview with one of the 2018 students revealed that the student did not know the origin of the phi (π) value in the circle circumference formula, which students remembered when learning circle material sometimes began by giving a formula around the circle, then continued by completing the example problems. This study aims to analyze and describe students' understanding of the phi (π) numbers in the formula around the circle. This type of research is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The research subjects were 70 students. The data collection technique used a random sampling of 75 students. In order to measure the ability of students to do the test. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that the 2018 PGSD Unirow Tuban students have an understanding that is still very low with an average score of 58.7 in the poor category with a conversion of D scores. Most students have difficulty understanding, especially in point C questions. and point D related to the origin of the phi (π) value and how to find the phi (π) value itself. If it is tested on question C, students are able to answer the meaning of the phi (π) value as much as 18.66% (14) students. While in question D, students are able to answer how to find the value of phi (π) by 16% (12) students

‘From a circle of introductions’: adult learning and empowerment of women agricultural landowners

This study is about adult learning and empowerment in a challenging context. The data from this study comes from interviews with women non-operating landowners who attended a learning circle event designed to inform them about conservation opportunities on their land. The findings show there were several aspects of the learning circles that resonated with the women – the type of learning that occurred (hands on and visual), the networking (with other female landowners) and specific conservation information (cover crops). The findings also show how the structure of the learning circle allowed for a Community of Practice, and the resultant environmental and social impacts that occurred from such a community.

Serving up graduates

Serving up graduates

Community mobilization for rural suicide prevention: Process, learning and behavioral outcomes from Promoting Community Conversations About Research to End Suicide (PC CARES) in Northwest Alaska

Rationale.This study evaluates the process and preliminary outcomes of Promoting Community Conversations About Research to End Suicide (PC CARES), an intervention that brings key stakeholders together so they can discuss suicide prevention research and find ways to put it into practice. Originally piloted in remote and rural Alaskan communities, the approach shows promise. Method.Using a multi-method design, the study describes a series of locally-facilitated “learning circles” over 15 months and their preliminary results. Sign-in sheets documented participation. Transcriptions of audio-recorded sessions captured facilitator fidelity, accuracy, and the dominant themes of community discussions. Linked participant surveys (n=83) compared attendees’ perceived knowledge, skills, attitudes, and their ‘community of practice’ at baseline and follow-up. A cross-sectional design compared 112 participants’ with 335 non-participants’ scores on knowledge and prevention behaviors, and considered the social impact with social network analyses. Results.Demonstrating feasibility in small rural communities, local PC CARES facilitators hosted 59 two to three hour learning circles with 535 participants (376 unique). Local facilitators achieved acceptable fidelity to the model (80%), and interpreted the research accurately 81% of the time. Discussions reflected participants’ understanding of the research content and its use in their lives. Participants showed positive changes in perceived knowledge, skills, and attitudes and strengthened their ‘community of practice’ from baseline to follow-up. Social network analyses indicate PC CARES had social impact, sustaining and enhancing prevention activities of non-participants who were ‘close to’ participants. These close associates were more likely take preventive actions than other non-participants after the intervention. Conclusion.PC CARES offers a practical, scalable method for community-based translation of research evidence into selfdetermined, culturally-responsive suicide prevention practice.

Konsepsi Madrasah dan Perkembangannya dalam Inovasi Pengetahuan serta Pasang Surutnya

In the early days of the development of Islam, of course, systematic formal education had not been established. The ongoing education can be said to be informal; and this is also more related to the efforts of Islamic da'wah to spread and plant the basics of Islamic belief and worship. In this connection it is understandable why the process of Islamic education first occurred at the home of a certain friend of the Prophet SAW; the most famous is Dar al-Arqam. However, when the Islamic community was formed, education was held in the mosque. The educational process in both places is carried out in the learning circle. Every time Islam is introduced to any place, it is always introduced along with religious education while at the same time Arabic is always the medium of its teaching. That is why the desire to study Islam and its lingua-franca (Arabic) is always very high among Muslims. This also explains the nature of Arabic and Islamic studies which are inseparable as twin courses which are always in line with each other. The results of empirical investigations understand the character of Muslim subjectivity finding the most useful Qur'anic reading, because they discover how the vision of dynamic education and transformative pedagogy defines the content, composition and communication style of Islamic Divine discourse. This brought various scientific innovations and produced Islamic inventors from madrasas, but after the sixteenth century, the madrasa curriculum became trapped in traditional Islamic sciences, there was a close connection to this fact and the decline of the Ottoman Empire, on occasions that different. the effect of the Mongol invasion of the Muslim world that weakened the spirit of Muslims. the Muslim world collapsed and stagnated. Apart from the two things above, Often, innovative new approaches are dismissed as attempts to damage or damage Muslim discursive traditions or worse, are considered conspiracies hatched by Orientalists and carried out by Muslim clerics who are deceitful and fickle

Effectiveness of Information Communication Technology Use in Enhancing Quality Management in Public Secondary Schools in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya

This paper was guided by the following objectives; to examine the effectiveness of ICT in enhancing quality of financial Management in public Secondary Schools in Uasin Gishu County; to assess the effectiveness of ICT in enhancing quality record keeping in public secondary schools in Uasin Gishu County and to assess the effectiveness of ICT in enhancing effective communication in public secondary schools in Uasin Gishu County. There are 138 public secondary schools from which a sample was drawn. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling and purposive sampling. Descriptive survey research design was used in the study. The study concludes, that ICT has not been fully incorporated in public secondary schools in Uasin Gishu County. Therefore, there is need for schools to install computers, train the teachers and students on computer use and explore deeper on this pertinent issue. The study recommends that there is need for concerted efforts by all stakeholders (including teachers, parents, educational officers and other government officials) to make use of computers in order to run the schools better. Also, the school administrators should develop, implement and regularly review, in consultation with the school community and governing council, a school code which is consistent with ICT policies in education. The Ministry of Education should allocate funds for ICT assessments conducted for classrooms by introducing the concept of learning circles and projects base learning in educational management in primary, secondary, TTC and universities.

Developing entrepreneurial mindset for transformational entrepreneurship: The case of Nordic transformative learning circles

Developing entrepreneurial thinking and mindset has recently been on the agenda of the EU policy makers and is a matter of educators’ concern. Traditional approaches to entrepreneurial education fail to address the ambiguities of the entrepreneurial process. This paper sets out to explore the learning processes that contribute to developing an entrepreneurial mindset for transformational entrepreneurship. Transformational entrepreneurship refers to a capability and an intended action towards creating change in the life of an entrepreneur and organization which contributes to societal changes and is characterized by the emergence of a new qualitative dimension of possibilities (Staffas, 2017). In order to promote transformational entrepreneurship, a particualar adult learning model known as Transformative Learning Circles was elaborated by Nordic Network for Adult Learning with the support of Nordic Council of Ministers. This article is based on the study of the pilot implementation of the TLC model in the context of Nordic countries. The findings reveal that learning processes promoting entrepreneurial mindsets for transformational entrepreneurship occur in three particular phases: 1) framing the praxis; 2) amplifying the frame of reference; and 3) reinterpreting the praxis. The study extends current knowledge about entrepreneurial learning in two ways. First, it links the key factors influencing entrepreneurial learning to concrete learning processes facilitating the development of an entrepreneurial mindset for transformative entrepreneurship. Second, it illustrates how these key factors may be utilized together in one learning model reinforcing the learning and transformative effect.

Exploring the Role and Possibility of Lifelong Education for the Revitalization of Citizenship Education

시민교육은 평생교육에서 매우 중요한 한 축을 담당해 왔다. 실질적 민주주의로 발전하기 위해서 시민교육이 강조되고 있는 지금 상황에서 평생교육은 시민교육 활성화에 기여할 수 있는 가능성이 크다. 따라서 본 연구는 평생교육의 관점에서 시민교육의 방향을 분석하고, 시민교육 활성화를 위한 평생교육의 역할을 탐색하고자 하였다. 평생교육은 교육자 중심에서 학습자 중심으로의 교육주체의 변화, 즉 교육의 민주화를 추구한다. 평생교육이 실현하고자 하는 학습사회는 시민이 주체가 되어 자유롭게 의견을 표현하고 민주적 의사결정 참여를 통해서 만들어진다. 시민교육은 평생교육이 추구하는 새로운 관점 실현에 있어서 필수적이라고 할 수 있다. 이렇듯 평생교육에서 핵심적인 시민교육은 앞으로 지식교육의 틀을 벗어나 일상적 실천을 통해서 지식뿐만 아니라 시민적 가치와 태도, 참여기술 학습을 강조할 필요가 있다. 또한 시민을 계몽의 대상하기보다 인식의 주체, 실천의 주체로 보는 시민교육으로 발전하고, 시대가 요구하는 시민성을 기르는 시민교육이 되어야할 것이다. 이러한 시민교육 실천을 위해서 본 연구에서는 평생교육에서 새로운 교육 실천보다는 기존의 평생교육 실천을 재구조하는 방식을 제안하였다. 평생교육 영역에서 활발하게 실천되고 있는 학습동아리나 지역학 교육, 또는 평생교육 프로그램에 시민교육의 ‘옷’을 입히는 것이다. 학습동아리나 지역학교육에 참여하면서 학습자들이 지역의 문제를 인식하고 문제해결에 참여하도록 교육을 설계하면 시민으로서 필요한 태도와 역량을 기를 수 있을 것이다. 이 과정에서 평생교육사들은 시민교육 실천가로서 전문성이 요구받게 될 것이고 전문성 향상을 위해 노력해야할 것이다.Citizenship education has been one of the most important pillars of lifelong education. With citizenship education being emphasized to develop into a practical democracy, lifelong education is likely to contribute to the revitalization of citizenship education. Therefore, this study was intended to analyze the direction of citizenship education from the perspectives of lifelong education and explore the role of lifelong education in promoting citizenship education. Lifelong education seeks the democratization of education, a shift of educational main agents from educators to learners. A learning society that lifelong education seeks to realize is created through participation of democratic decision making and free expression of opinions by citizens. Citizenship education is essential in realizing the new perspective that lifelong education pursues. As such, the citizenship education, which is key to lifelong education, needs to move beyond the framework of knowledge education and emphasize not only knowledge but also civic values, attitudes and learning of participating skills through daily practice. In addition, it should develop into a citizenship education that sees citizens as the subject of awareness and practice, rather than the object of enlightenment, and develop the citizenship required by the times. In order to implement this citizenship education, this study suggested a way to restructure existing life education practice rather than implement new educational programs in lifelong education. The clothes of citizenship education is worn on the existing lifelong educational practices such as learning circles(study circles), regional studies, and lifelong education programs that have actively been practiced in the area of lifelong education. Designing education so that learners can recognize local problems and participate in problem solving while participating in learning circles or regional studies can foster the attitudes and capabilities required as citizens. In this process, lifelong educators will be required to have expertise as practitioners of civil education and should try to improve their professionalism.

براہوئی ادب ‘ ادبی ادارہ او نوشتوک آتا کڑد

This research article describes the role of Brahui literary circles, which have played a vital role for the preservation and promotion of Brahui Language, Literature and build a literary tendency. This paper also shows how the internal disagreement between learned established new literary circles. Few prominent personalities like Noor Muhammad Parwana, Nawab Ghaus Bakhsh Raisani, Babo Abudl Rehman Kurd, Abdul Rehman Brahui, Syed Kamal al-Qadri and others have initiated this work in Brahui literary history. Now more the two dozen registered and non-registered Brahui literary originations working for betterment of Brahui literature. Every origination has set their separate Moto and vision, few of them promote Brahui Modern poetry few have introduced new literary tendencies, few have urged that criticism is better for new thoughts and new trend in Brahui literature. This research paper helps to understand the different periods in Brahui literature in context of Brahui originations. A descriptive research method will have been adopted to conclude this paper.