Leadership Orientation Research Articles

Do local leaders prioritize the poor: Identifying the distributive preferences of village politicians in India

We investigate the distributive preferences of elected leaders in local democracies, who are tasked with ”everyday assistance” and personally know their constituents. In this setting, economic distribution is driven more by leader preferences and less by efficiency concerns, as in the lower information setting typically described in the literature. In local democracy, we argue voters can explicitly select leaders who prefer to distribute to a broad group of supporters, who further conform to norms of targeting the most needy among supporters. In this article, we develop a novel behavioral measure that isolates leaders’ distributive preferences from direct electoral benefit, which we implement in villages across the Indian state of Rajasthan. We find elected leaders prefer to distribute 94% more to supporters and 17% more to supporters one standard deviation below the mean village wealth. This suggests local elections are consistent with significant distribution to the poor, albeit with political biases.

Determining the Leadership Order of the Clinically Responsible Nurse Working in a University Hospital

This study aims to determine the leadership orientations of clinical chief nurses. In the descriptive study, the G-Power 3.1.9.4 program was used to calculate the sample size and the number of people planned to be included in the study was calculated as 50 with 5% error and 95% power. In this direction, all (50) clinical nurses working in a university hospital between 10.05.2023 and 30.05.2023 will form the study sample group. The data of the study will be collected from individuals with a socio-demographic "Leadership Orientation Questionnaire" prepared by the researchers. 84.6% of the participants were female and 15.4% were male. While 89.7% of the participants are married, 10.3% are single. While 56.4% of them are graduates, 43.6% of them are undergraduates. 46.2% of the participants have been in management for 0-5 years, 28.2% for 10 years and above, and 25.6% for 5-10 years. While the participants' human-oriented leadership behavior score average was 7.79, the minimum score was 3 and the maximum score was 12. While the task-oriented behavior average score was 12.62, the minimum score was 4 and the maximum score was 19. While the leadership orientation total score average was 20.41, the minimum score was 7, and the maximum score was 27. As a result of this study, there is no significant difference between the sub-dimensions of the leadership orientation scale and age, gender, marital status, educational status, duration of work in the profession, and management process. Therefore, extra pieces of training should be planned for responsible nurses, taking into account clinical leadership. There are few studies on this subject in the literature. It is recommended to increase the studies.

Sustainability-Oriented Leader, Please! Effects of Industry on Followers’ Preferences

With sustainability becoming the new norm, the discussion about followers’ attitudes towards sustainability-oriented leadership is growing globally. Therefore, this study investigates the extent to which employees’ industry and sector background influence their perception of the ideal leader in relation to preferred sustainability orientation. This study also examines preferred sustainability leadership values and the role of culturally endorsed leadership in this process. Using the Preferred Sustainability Leadership Orientation (PSLO) survey, we gathered and analyzed data from 11 countries and 11 industry backgrounds (n = 5530). Our findings show that there is a statistical significance in followers’ valuing a leader with a high sustainability orientation most. Moreover, our results indicate that respondents working in public administration organizations value a leader with a strong sustainability orientation in addition to environmental and equality goals. While respondents associated with agriculture and real estate do not seem to place so much value on an ideal leader focusing on gender equality, in industries such as finance, manufacturing, and real estate, followers seem to value a leader with a stronger focus on profit and less emphasis on promoting gender equality. This research offers implications for the development of the PSLO (preferred sustainable leadership orientation) as a useful sustainability leadership barometer tool for measuring an organization’s sustainability culture and suggests avenues for future research.

Advancing women to leadership in academia: does personal branding matter?

PurposePersonal branding is a strategic tool of marketing and communication to define success in organisations. While it constitutes a conscious attempt to commodify self and audit self, it must be intentionally managed to obtain its optimum results. This study aims to illustrate how personal branding may also pose unintentional and unconscious strategic tool for women academics in academia to help them get wider visibility and increase their chances of getting into leadership positions.Design/methodology/approachWe employed a case study approach and convenience sampling to select our unit of analysis. Three universities in both public and private universities in the eastern regions of Indonesia were purposefully selected, and interviews were held with 30 female leaders occupying and occupied middle and lower leadership hierarchies.FindingsOur research shows that, despite their unintentional, unplanned and poorly designed personal branding, women have been able to advance to their current leadership positions by building their own rooms for practising their own preferred leadership values to get them visible and heard. This way is performed through a gendered networking, previous leadership experience and bureaucratic requirements. The consequence of such a practice may limit the range of visibility to getting noticed as worthy individuals for senior leadership roles. This might be one reason why women are scarcely found in senior leadership positions.Originality/valueWe propose that natural strategies of constructing, narrating and marketing or communicating personal branding in academia through authentic actions can also be helpful for the success of women to get to leadership roles in a smaller and ambient environment.

Who am I? – Exploring secondary education school leaders’ professional identity

This study explored school leaders’ professional identity by examining the guiding standards school leaders pursue in their jobs and the professional roles they identify themselves with. Using professional roles in school leadership that were formulated in (inter)national frameworks, 36 Dutch school leaders in secondary education provided their identity standards and their professional role identification. Standards were grouped per topic for each professional role. Role identification was visualized and grouped using radar charts. Results showed that in general ‘interactions and interpersonal contact’ formed significant aspects of these school leaders’ professional identities. Identity standards covered all professional roles and were mostly formulated in terms of contact and interaction. School leaders sometimes identified themselves primarily with a specific social or analytical role. Some school leaders identified themselves with multiple professional roles. Additionally, a new role, focusing on performing practical ‘hands on’ tasks, emerged. The identity standards as well as the identification patterns can be used in helping school leaders to gain more insight into their personal leadership preferences and their motivation for certain dimensions in their work and how these relate to specific demands and expectations in the work context.

How are leadership discourses reflected in the leadership identity of young adults?

PurposeThis article focuses on the leadership development of young adults. The topic is of significant importance as leadership identity tends to form early in life, and its long-term implications contribute to leadership formation. The objective of this study was to gain insights into how leadership is constructed in young adults and how it is manifested in their preferred leadership identity.Design/methodology/approachThis research was approached from a constructivist perspective, utilizing discourse analysis. The authors conducted a study involving 24 written essays by young individuals with a business background, in which they shared their early leadership experiences. Drawing upon a modified life story interview structure, the authors meticulously analyzed the content.FindingsThe authors identified eight discourses clustered into two groups according to the types of leadership orientation: toward oneself and toward others. The discourses in the toward oneself group consist of leadership as taking responsibility, leadership as courage, manifesting personal strengths and as a role/status. The toward others group includes discourses approaching leadership as balancing directivity, coordinating and organizing work, personalized approach and as performance management.Research limitations/implicationsThe major methodological limitations stem from the qualitative design per se. The findings based on qualitative data have limits in generalizing.Practical implicationsThe authors' findings have practical implications for educators. The authors propose the utilization of critical self-reflection on early leadership experiences and self-narration as effective tools in nurturing and developing young leaders.Social implicationsThis paper underscores the importance of educating young leaders, as they can create a positive impact on their subordinates and society as a whole. By providing them with leadership skills, the authors initiate a chain reaction of influence that extends through different levels of leadership, leading to significant social change.Originality/valueThe authors' originality and contribution to the literature on leadership development lies in showcasing the diversity of perspectives on leadership among participants sharing a similar background and developmental stage. This holds valuable implications for educators working with this cohort.

Men, Masculinities, and Relational Leadership Attitudes in the Collegiate Fraternity Environment

Examinations of fraternity life have infrequently analyzed the interconnections between the focus on leadership attitudes and that of members’ adherence to masculinities. In this critical quantitative study, the authors sought to comprehend how conforming to gendered norms often associated with historically white masculinities informed relational leadership attitudes for fraternity members. Using data from 3,136 participants in a single national historically white men’s social fraternity, results from an ordinary least-squares regression analysis revealed that emotional control, self-reliance, and power over women had negative associations with the relational leadership orientations of fraternity men. Additionally, risk taking and primacy of work had positive associations with a member’s relational leadership orientation. Finally, those who identified as queer were less likely to adopt a relational leadership orientation, a result the article unpacks considering the gendered and heteronormative contexts of fraternities. It then provides recommendations for future research, as well as implications for practitioners.

Political Orientations of Student Leaders in a Public High School in Isabela, Philippines

This study was undertaken to determine the political orientations of student leaders in a public high school in Isabela, Philippines. The respondents of the study were the elected class officers of each class from Grades 7 to 10, and the officers of the Supreme Secondary Learner Government (SSLG) for the school year 2022-2023. The study made use of descriptive-quantitative-correlational-method of research and the tool utilized was a questionnaire. Frequency counts and percents were used in the profile of the respondents. Mean, median, standard deviation were utilized in determining the political orientations of the student leaders while Chi-Square tests were used in determining the significant difference in the distribution of student leader’s political orientations when grouped by profile variables. Findings indicate that most of the student leaders were females, belonged to Grade 7 and had GWA ranging from 80-84 during the first quarter. Majority of the respondents practiced Collectivism, Liberalism and Militancy, while a few practiced Unionism. Almost all the student leaders described and practiced their political orientations Often. Student leaders in the higher years tend to be oriented towards Collectivism and Liberalism while the freshmen tend to be oriented towards Militancy and Unionism. The student leaders are not distributed differently in their political orientation when they are grouped by sex and first quarter GWA.

Investigation of the Relationship between Leadership Orientations, Emotional Intelligence Levels and Decision Making Styles of Manager Candidates

Investigation of the Relationship between Leadership Orientations, Emotional Intelligence Levels and Decision Making Styles of Manager Candidates

Shattering the glass ceiling : A study on the preferred leadership style of Saudi women entrepreneurs

Shattering the glass ceiling : A study on the preferred leadership style of Saudi women entrepreneurs

Knowledge Management Model for the Downstream Oil Energy Sector in the Philippines: A Grounded Theory Approach

Knowledge management can guide the management of an enterprise in running the business with a greater degree of efficiency while decreasing business risks. This dissertation presented a Knowledge Management model as a simplified image outlining the relationships of the devised theory using the grounded theory approach of qualitative research. Through semi-structured interviews done by carefully determining the current preferences of organizational leaders of four oil major companies operating in the downstream oil business in the Philippines, of the relevant knowledge processes backed up by presented documents, presentations, and policy manuals. The grounded theory inquiry developed a principle on modern Knowledge Management encompassing the specifics in the downstream oil sector in the Philippines. Theoretical saturation was achieved at ten participants. Thematic analysis generated patterns of modern knowledge. In the model, there were certain management prerequisites with several characteristics and for these characteristics to be effective, sources of knowledge were clearly identified. Once validated knowledge has been established and security of knowledge has been secured, utilization of the knowledge ensues. While using the knowledge, the model puts value on responsibility to work in collaboration with other knowledge managers. Collaboration means shared responsibility to ensure that the knowledge at hand will only be used in promoting common business goals. Predicaments like devaluation, mishandling, and manipulation of knowledge are always possible and extra caution should always be given. The model which can be replicated to other organizations with allied business structures will strengthen the resolve of a knowledge management system benefits by improving the business processes, making better decisions and short and long-term strategy formulation.

Istoriografia între politică și diplomație. Un studiu de caz

This study does not intend to change the perspective on the publication it refers to, namely Marx’s Notes about Romanians, published by the Romanian Academy Publishing-House, in which the famous author – quoting a 19th century French source – records the abuses suffered by the Romanian located within the extra-Carpathian principalities (due to the Tsarist interventionism), as well as in Transylvania (under the pressure of the Hungarian nobility). The publishing of these notes during strained times between the Romanian Labor Party and the other parties in the communist block- generated by the more and more apparent orientation of Romanian leaders towards a national politics – was seen, especially by the Soviet and Hungarian communists, as a gesture of defiance of the „friendly countries” and even of revisionism. Consequently, the diplomatic resonances became apparent. The Soviet and the Hungarian responses are the most renown, and both are worthy of the consideration that this study will give it.

Analysis Of The Effect Of Motivation Following Training And Leadership Roles On Employee Performance Through Learning Orientation

This research analyzes the influence of innovation training motivation and leadership role to employee performance trought learning orientation. The problem of the research is fully refers to research problem: there is decreasing inclination at 2017-2019 icoming tax realization. This mean tax incoming achievement in Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pemalang not yet optimal. A literature review is arranged based on theory and practice of motivation to clarify relationship between management practice and it influence to training motivation and employee performance. This reserch also refers to control theory at leader orientation wich impres that leadership role gives feedback to arrange some one behaviour to company goal. There is a model that have been developed and five hypothese to answer this research problem. This research use census methods. Respondent are 114 person, wich are the employee of Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pemalang. Data analyze tools wich used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) under AMOS 4.01 program. Model and the result from research can be accepted, and prove that the influence of training motivation and leaderhip role to learning orientation are positive and significant, training motivation and leadership role are have positive and significant influence to improve employee performance. Company mangerial implication have to be based on supervisor role at step as follow. Leadership role must be some one totally credible (open minded, intelegent). Leader have to be able to give solution to employee complains problems.

Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix as a Superior Strategic Management Tools and Techniques in Evaluating Decision Alternatives

Evaluation of alternatives to making decisions still remains as the most difficult field for every manager. Considering that uncertainty, stress, emotions and many other factors still remain insurmountable during decision-making in the work of managers. The research will bring a contemporary approach to the evaluation of alternatives through the multi-stage method by conducting a series of exhibitions for an effective decision. Model will create a logical structure derivation of exhibitions by revealing options and paths toward strategic leadership. The research used mixed methods of data collection to create a more meaningful and integrative research design. The sample was elongated over a survey of 250 organizations. The research brings to the surface a clear analysis of the following path as a guide and practically used to gain differentiating advantages towards the long-term through Strategic Attractiveness Position in Industry (ST-API). From this analysis structure, a clearness leadership orientation is created for managers, a recommendation for strategic leadership, revealing a group of strategies to undertake depending on the ST-API dimension IFE (Internal Factor Evaluation) or ST-API dimension EFE (External Factor Evaluation) through crafting "Option's" since the organizations are concentrated in the vicinity of the corner (nook) in quad IV, conclusively in "growth and build". Occurrated in this axle, organizations are advised to orient their actions towards the "develop products" in order to go towards longevity and leaderism in the industry.

BLOCKCHAIN-BASED VOTING SYSTEM: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Democratic elections are a cornerstone of modern society, enabling citizens to exercise their right to vote and express their preferences for political leaders and policies. However, traditional voting systems have faced numerous challenges in recent years, including allegations of fraud, hacking, and misinformation. To address these challenges, many countries have started exploring new technologies that can help secure and modernize the voting process. One such technology is blockchain, a decentralized and tamper-proof database that allows multiple parties to maintain a shared ledger without the need for a central authority. By providing a transparent and immutable record of all transactions, blockchain technology has the potential to revolutionize the way we conduct elections, making them more secure, transparent, and efficient. In this paper, we will explore the benefits and challenges of using blockchain technology in voting systems.

What is needed for eating disorder prevention for transgender and gender diverse young adults? Findings from asynchronous online focus groups

Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) young adults face higher risk of eating disorder (ED) symptoms than cisgender peers. Evidence-based ED prevention programs exist but must be adapted to meet the needs of diverse TGD populations. We conducted eight asynchronous online focus groups in 2019 with 66 ethnically and gender diverse TGD young adults (18–30 years) living in the United States. Participants were recruited online; groups took place over four consecutive days. We conducted inductive thematic analysis of participant responses to three prompts about ED prevention needs and advice for program developers. Findings fell into three domains. In Domain 1: Developing Program Content, themes included (1.1) need to address multiple dimensions of gender; (1.2) intersectional representation matters; (1.3) limitations of ED research; (1.4) being responsive to trauma. Domain 2: Program Delivery Considerations, included preferences for (2.1) group composition, (2.2) intervention modality, and (2.3) program leadership. Domain 3: Cultivating Affirming Spaces included themes addressing the need for programs to (3.1) create judgment-free environments and (3.2) center lived experience. TGD young adults in this study described a range of needs and recommendations for ED prevention content and delivery, with relevance to clinicians, program designers, and ED prevention advocates.

Male-biased sex ratios increase the support for a strong leader: An evolutionary threat management perspective

An evolutionary threat management approach to leadership assumes that humans have an adaptive followership psychology that responds to specific ecological threats by selecting appropriate leaders to mitigate any risks. We hypothesize that having an imbalanced sex ratio in society (with either an abundance of adult men or women) increases the support for a strong leader, because people find such imbalances threatening to themselves and to society. We tested our hypothesis with five preregistered experimental studies and one archival study. In the five online scenario studies (total N=2249), we manipulated the operational sex ratios within a fictitious country and measured both explicit leader preferences (ideal leader traits) and implicit preferences (facial cues of leaders). The results showed that a male-biased sex ratio (abundance of men) robustly increased the preference for a strong leader across all studies, but the effects of a female-biased sex ratio (abundance of women) were smaller and not consistent. Furthermore, a male-biased sex ratio in society activated the impression that society is a competitive, dangerous place. Overall, the studies enhance our understanding of the impact of an ecological factor, the sex ratio in society, on the support for political leadership.

دور القيادة الكاريزمية في ترسيخ النظم السياسية الشمولية - دراسة نظرية مع التركيز على أنموذج قيادة (عبدالكريم قاسم) الكاريزمية(1958-1963)

Charismatic leadership is one of the political leadership patterns, and it is a key variable in building and dismantling political systems. The relationship of the charismatic leadership with the political system differs according to the charismatic leader's orientations and policies towards the political system. Inspirational charismatic leadership - moral charisma - plays a positive role in building the political system and institutions, and contributes to building and consolidating a pluralistic democratic political system. While the arrogant, charismatic leadership - the immoral charisma - which overrides the private interest of it and its clique contributes to the consolidation of totalitarian political systems through the personalization of the political system and institutions and the preference for the policy of force and violence over other policies, the charismatic leadership model (Abdul Karim Qasim) represents a type of charismatic leadership with an orientation military , who played a key role in consolidating a semi-totalitarian political system in Iraq during his rule between (1958-1963). This system is ended through a mock trial in which Qasim was accused of treason and sentenced to death. Thus, the way was paved for a totalitarian political system in Iraq that was more violent and harsh at the hands of a group of nationalists and Baathists representing a charismatic and arrogant leadership.

The Effect of Comprehensive Leadership Style on Team Performance: The Role of Promoting A Team's Innovation Culture

Objective: Inclusive leadership style is considered an effective leadership method in any organization. The aim of this study is to its impact on project team performance, a common form of outsourcing in Hanoi, Vietnam. While also considering the mediating role of innovation culture in this relationship. Method: The study provides empirical evidence from a sample of 876 project team members at outsourcing companies in Hanoi by evaluating the measurement model and testing the structural equation model (PLS-SEM). Results: The results of empirical research show that innovation culture has an important role in mediating the relationship between inclusive leadership style and team performance. In addition, innovation culture also positively affects individual creativity, thereby helping to improve work results in teams. From there, it shows the need to build an innovation culture framework that includes people, process, data, and technology aspects to evaluate the innovation approach of enterprises. Finally, some implications of working group governance and team leadership are discussed, such as increasing the application of collaboration technologies, the stronger establishment of the virtual team model, and digital leadership orientation. There are ways to promote and strengthen a culture of innovation in IT businesses to reach maturity in digital transformation and how to respond to challenges for faster recovery in today's context. Conclusions: The regression model showed a significant relationship between leadership style and team performance, leadership style and innovation culture, and innovation culture and team performance. The study provided policy recommendations to support leadership style and team performance.

Examination of Multifaceted Leadership Orientation and Organizational Resilience Capacity at Individual Level in the Presidents of Kütahya Amateur Sports Clubs

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, Amatör spor kulübü başkanlarının çok yönlü liderlik yönelimlerinin ve bireysel düzeyde organizasyonel rezilyans kapasitelerinin incelenmesidir.
 
 Yöntem: Çalışmaya Kütahya Gençlik ve Spor İl Müdürlüğüne bağlı spor kulüplerinde başkanlık yapan 172 yönetici katılmıştır. Araştırmada Dursun ve ark., (2019) tarafından geliştirilen Çok Yönlü Liderlik Yönelimleri Ölçeği ile Gerçek ve Börekçi (2017) tarafından geliştirilen Birey Düzeyinde İlişkisel ve Operasyonel Rezilyans Kapasitesi Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Çarpıklık ve basıklık değerlerine göre verilerin normal dağılım gösterdiği anlaşılmıştır. Buna göre kullanılan test yöntemleri bağımsız örneklem t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve pearson korelasyon analizi şeklindedir.
 
 Bulgular: Eğitim düzeyi, meslek, antrenörlük belgesine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edilirken (p0,05).
 
 Sonuç: Sonuç olarak çok yönlü liderlik yönelimi ile bireysel düzeyde organizasyonel rezilyans kapasitesi arasında önemli bir ilişkinin olduğu belirlenmiştir.