Leadership Decisions Research Articles

Scientific Paradigms in Maritime Technological Innovation: Leadership and Epistemological Decision-Making

The maritime industry is undergoing rapid technological transformation, yet the role of scientific paradigms in shaping technological decision-making remains underexplored. This study examines how epistemological reasoning influences leadership approaches to technological innovation in maritime business management. The research is motivated by the need to bridge the gap between theory and practice, ensuring that technological advancements are implemented with structured decision-making rather than reactive adaptation. This study provides an original contribution by evaluating the intersection of leadership, epistemology, and technological adoption—a perspective largely overlooked in previous maritime innovation research. While digital transformation is widely discussed, few studies address how structured epistemological reasoning affects decision-making in technology adoption. The research seeks to answer: To what extent do scientific paradigms influence technological decision-making in maritime leadership, and what challenges hinder epistemological integration? Using a qualitative methodology, the study engages industry experts, lecturers, and postgraduate students, applying thematic and comparative analysis to explore epistemological competency development and sustainable innovation. Results indicate that leadership adaptability and epistemological literacy significantly enhance digital transformation efforts, yet barriers such as regulatory constraints and resistance to structured reasoning persist. The study concludes that embedding epistemology into maritime education and leadership training is essential for ensuring sustainable, data-driven technological decision-making in the industry.

Gender Differences in Barriers in Career Development Among a Cohort of Dental Researchers. A Cross-Sectional Study.

This cross-sectional study investigated gender differences in barriers to career development among dental researchers and between academic and non-academic women. An anonymous 34-item survey assessing barriers to career development and workplace obstacles (14 items), along with demographic/occupation characteristics (22 items), was distributed among dental researchers at the Women In Science Network meetings at 2024 AADOCR/IADR General Session (QR code) and through AADOCR/IADR discussion board (online platform). Differences in barriers and workplace obstacles were analyzed between women and men with chi-square tests; comparisons were repeated among women working within versus outside academia. A total of 233 participants completed the survey (68.7% women, 45.3% White, two-thirds working in the United States, 62% in academia). Compared to men, women more frequently reported feeling less supported by leadership (p=0.039), taking career breaks (p=0.004), and experiencing bullying/harassment (41.3% vs. 22.6%; p=0.003), microaggression (55.6% vs. 33.9%; p=0.001), and gender bias (46.9% vs. 14.5%; p<0.001) in their workplace, particularly between ages 36 and 65. While work-life balance issues (62.8%) and stress (59.6%) were reported by both, women reported a lack of financial (p=0.004), administrative (p=0.045), and mentoring (p=0.014) support more often than men. Limited to women, those in academia reported more episodes of bullying/harassment (47.9% vs. 23.3%; p=0.016), microaggression (67.5% vs. 23.3%; p<0.001), and gender bias (56.4% vs. 20.9%; p<0.001) than those outside academia, especially between ages 51 and 65. Compared to non-academic women, those in academia faced more unsatisfactory leadership decisions (p=0.003), financial (p=0.006), administrative (p=0.046), and mentoring (p=0.007) support. Women in dental research encounter significantly more barriers to development and workplace obstacles than men and non-academic women.

Unbureaucratic Behavior in Times of Crisis: Rule-Breaking by Public Administrators

During crisis management, public administrators typically adjust bureaucratic rules to become more flexible. In this paper, we go one step further, asking about the factors that explain rule-breaking behavior among public servants during crisis management. We report novel qualitative evidence and findings from a preregistered randomized quasi-experiment surveyed among 448 public servants in Germany. Our findings reveal that bureaucrats’ prosocial attitudes, whether the affected population is part of their in-group and higher levels of red tape affect significantly their willingness to engage in rule-breaking. Effects from decisive leadership are weak and conditional on other explanatory factors. These findings provide valuable insights for theory and practice in crisis and human resource management, demonstrating that organizations have limited leverage in influencing whether their employees engage in rule-breaking behavior, which is, in the main, conditional on individual factors and the characteristics of the crisis.

Emotional Intelligence and Artificial Intelligence Integration Strategies for Leadership Excellence

In the current dynamic economic environment effective leadership needs a good understanding of artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities along with emotional intelligence (EI). This paper is analyzing the importance of EI and AI in leadership, how AI can improve leadership, and utilize AI and EI to make strategies for improving decision-making processes for leaders and executives and achieve excellence in leadership. After reviewing and analyzing available literature, this paper trying to find out the use of AI and EI in leadership, current state of practice, trying to find out main opportunities, challenges related with AI, and suggest a practical recommendation for utilizing EI and AI integration in leadership. This study investigates the integration of Emotional Intelligence (EI) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) as complementary tools to enhance leadership decision-making, effectiveness, and organizational performance. The research emphasizes the role of EI in understanding and managing human emotions to foster empathy and interpersonal connections, alongside the capacity of AI to analyze data and provide predictive insights for informed decision-making. Using a multidisciplinary approach, the study develops a framework to align these competencies, addressing critical leadership challenges in the modern workplace, such as adaptability, innovation, and team cohesion. The methodology involves a comprehensive review of existing literature, case studies, and theoretical analysis to explore practical strategies for integration. Key findings reveal the potential of combining EI and AI to foster organizational growth, enhance productivity, and improve team dynamics. The study also discusses the challenges of merging these approaches, such as ethical considerations, bias in AI algorithms, and the complexity of balancing emotional and technical intelligence. By providing actionable recommendations for practitioners and researchers, this work contributes to advancing leadership practices and highlights opportunities for further exploration in the rapidly evolving field of AI-driven human-centric leadership.

The influence of workplace ethics training on leader decision-making

The influence of workplace ethics training on leader decision-making

Challenges and Resilience: Leadership, PQOL, and Moral Distress Amidst The COVID-19 Crisis

To appreciate how the professional demands brought on by the corona virus disease - 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic impacted nurses and other healthcare workers' morale and general quality of life (QOL), and how it influenced their capacity to serve patients. For healthcare professionals who are providing patient care, this pandemic presents the prospect of a poor work-life balance and heightened Moral Distress (MD). Research that was semi-structured with outpatient healthcare professionals (HCP) was conducted using a converging multidisciplinary design with snowball sampling techniques. As a consequence of the apparent lack of support from decision-making leadership, the availability of personal protective equipment (PPE), and the frequently shifting legislation, healthcare professionals (HCPN) reported an increase in moral agony and a decrease in their professional quality of life (PQOL). By implementing shared governance, training in crisis management, and increased communication, executive leadership may be able to prevent a decrease in PQOL and an increase in MD among front-line HCPNs.

Zelensky files: courage under fire

This paper explored the long-term leadership of Zelensky given that when the original article The Zelensky Files: Strategies and approaches for university leaders was published, it was still early days in the war. Zelensky, it seemed went from an obscure, challenged peacetime leader to a global ‘Ambassador for Freedom’ in a very short time. Indeed, as noted in the original article, leadership in all its diverse guises is messy, complex, unpredictable, and often enigmatic. Talented leaders fail every day; other average leaders emerge as the right leader for the right reasons and purposes; and perhaps with a little luck become leadership icons. Zelensky exemplifies the latter but, in reality he also is talented and has an instinctive and refined blend of pragmatism and common sense making him the right choice for Ukraine and freedom. Zelensky’s long-term leadership strategies include 1) the leader’s core values and approaches comprise his/her leadership foundation; 2) recognition that leadership decision making is difficult and often heart wrenching; 3) Partnerships are essential strategies for leaders and organizations; 4) the right people in the right positions is more important than talent; and 5) the leader’s singular and only role is to lead. The world of the university seems at times a universe away from the battlefield and yet when we delve down for a closer look, we find the most remarkable alignments where leadership strategies turn out to be fluid, agile, and adaptive to the needs of many diverse leaders and organizations, wartime and peacetime, and beyond. Ukraine’s universities have faced the destruction of war. One in five institutions in Ukraine have been damaged or destroyed. Student enrolments have declined and many foreign students left the country whilst research output overall has been estimated to have declined between 10-18%. Indeed, even with all these challenges, this is where an inspirational, transformative leader who exudes confidence, belief in the cause and love of country during one of the most serious crises in Ukraine’s history since the Holodomor (Ukrainian Famine, 1932-33), can inspire a nation. And, despite the ravages of war, the university doors are open and the classroom lights have remained on in most institutions. The images of students taking online courses in shelters and bunkers whilst others risk their lives sitting by a fountain or in a park for better Internet access all in the name of freedom. The indelible point here is education is freedom. Education is innovation. Education is the future. Education is peaceful revolution. And, education is the heart and soul of the human condition. The Zelensky Files are not a leadership panacea for all the complex issues facing the modern university. A word that may best describe the leadership continuum is kaleidoscope. The kaleidoscope of leadership often seen as a changing array of shapes, sizes and colors. The kaleidoscope of leadership with its changing approaches, strategies and blends over time with the Zeitgeist norms of the era becoming the catalyst for exploring new situational contexts, evolving trends and developments and yet accepting there is no one single silver bullet style of leadership for resolving all issues. The Zelensky Files do, however, contribute to our journey to better understand that elusive, enigmatic endeavor – leadership.

How do Kuwaiti teachers and headteachers practice their voice behavior? Influential factors in a centralized school structure

PurposeThe study investigates the voice behavior of teachers and headteachers in Kuwaiti schools, along with organizational factors associated with teachers’ voice behavior.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed a convergent mixed-method approach. Questionnaires were administered to a sample of 815 teachers and headteachers, with 28 of them participating in open-ended interviews.FindingsIn quantitative findings, high levels of prosocial voices were observed, while interviews revealed significant occurrences of defensive and acquiescent voice behaviors. Teachers practice prosocial voice behavior to protect students' interests, but various factors, such as individual characteristics, school leadership, hierarchy and governmental decisions at the district levels, influence their voices.Originality/valueThe findings enhance our understanding of voice behavior among teachers and headteachers, shedding light on the factors influencing voice behavior in Kuwait and centralized systems worldwide.

Exploring the "shared" in shared decision-making in the care for children with chronic diseases or disabilities: what are the roles of parents and professionals?

There is a growing body of literature that recognizes the importance of shared decision-making (SDM) in the care for children with chronic conditions and/or disabilities. Although participation in SDM can be more or less active, the tuning between parents and professionals about the way they want to participate in SDM is often an implicit process, limiting parents' optimal involvement. Role definitions may support both partners in the process of SDM. We conducted a scoping review to investigate the available knowledge on the interpretation and variability of different roles of parents and professionals in SDM. In total, 43 articles were included and were subjected to data extraction and thematic coding. The findings show that roles are described in the literature by three themes: (1) active and passive involvement, (2) leadership in decision-making, and (3) six specific roles: informing, advocating, supporting, facilitating, coordinating, and interacting. Some, but not all, of these roles are described for parents as well as professionals.Conclusion: The literature provides a first definition of the various roles parents and professionals may take during SDM. However, the results do not inform how the described roles can be performed in clinical practice. Follow-up research is needed to develop and evaluate practical initiatives to achieve suitable roles for both parents and professionals. What is Known: • Parents often play a role in shared decision-making What is New: • Parents and professionals can play different and various roles in decision-making • Most described roles can be played by both parents and professionals.

Reshaping the Irish Economy: The Impact of International Mergers and Acquisitions on the Irish Technology Sector (2021-2023)

Purpose: This dissertation examines the impact of international mergers and acquisitions (M&amp;A) on the Irish technology sector between 2021 and 2023. It aims to assess how M&amp;A activities have reshaped corporate strategies, influenced organizational culture, and contributed to the broader economic landscape, while identifying challenges and opportunities for involved firms. Methodology: A mixed-methods approach was employed, integrating quantitative survey data from technology sector professionals and qualitative insights from structured interviews with senior executives of companies engaged in M&amp;A. The survey captured organizational perspectives on strategic realignment, cultural integration, employee morale, and economic implications. The interviews offered deeper context on leadership decisions, cultural adaptation, and strategic shifts post-acquisition. Findings: The research reveals that successful post-M&amp;A outcomes were strongly linked to strategic realignment toward global expansion, product innovation, and operational efficiency. Firms leveraging M&amp;A synergies experienced improved market positioning, faster innovation cycles, and streamlined operations. However, challenges such as cultural integration and maintaining employee morale were significant hurdles. Ireland's regulatory environment emerged as a facilitator, ensuring smooth transitions and compliance, although increased global competition posed both challenges and growth opportunities for local firms. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy, and Practice: This study advances academic discourse by highlighting the interplay between strategic realignment, cultural integration, and regulatory frameworks in post-M&amp;A success. It provides actionable recommendations for technology firms to optimize integration strategies and for policymakers to maintain a supportive yet competitive regulatory environment. The findings also lay the groundwork for future longitudinal studies and cross-industry comparisons to deepen understanding of M&amp;A dynamics.

Leadership and Quality Enhancement in Secondary Education: A Comparative Analysis of TQM and EFQM

This study aimed to assess the contribution of leadership to Total Quality Management (TQM) implementation in secondary education and to determine the extent of TQM practices, as perceived by teachers, within the Ioannina region, NW Greece. The study also explored how these perceptions relate to various variables. A quantitative approach was employed, involving 128 teachers from secondary education schools in the Ioannina region, NW Greece. The findings illuminate the profound influence of leadership on successful TQM implementation. Effective leaders foster a climate of collaboration, provide resources, and encourage teamwork, ultimately contributing to the enhancement of teaching and learning quality. Moreover, this research study underscores the compatibility of the TQM and EFQM principles in promoting quality enhancement within educational settings. The EFQM Leadership score was calculated by averaging the ratings of leadership behaviors like collaboration, communication, and decision making. The results reveal a strong commitment to TQM principles, with overall TQM and EFQM Leadership scores of 3.58 (±0.11) and 3.46 (±0.30), respectively. The EFQM Leadership dimensions demonstrated significant alignment, particularly in areas such as teacher participation and communication of quality standards. However, there is room for improvement in encouraging two-way communication and ensuring consistent leadership decision implementation. This study highlights the crucial role of effective leadership in fostering a culture of quality and excellence in secondary education, emphasizing the importance of collaboration, communication, and alignment with EFQM principles for successful TQM implementation.

Analysis of the relationship between ethical leadership behaviours of secondary school principals and organisational identification levels of teachers

The present study has been conducted to analyze the relationship between organisational identification levels of secondary school teachers and ethical leadership behaviours of school principals. The correlational research model, one of the quantitative research methods, was used in the study. The study population includes secondary school teachers in five districts of Samsun province in the 2021-2022 academic year. Of this population, 417 teachers determined by cluster sampling method were included in the sample. Personal Information Form, Ethical Leadership Scale and Organisational Identification Scale were used as data collection tools. Descriptive statistics, independent groups t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression analysis were used in the analysis of the data. Results showed that teachers had high levels of organisational identification and perceptions regarding the ethical leadership of school principals. While a significant difference was found in the dimension of ethical leadership in decision making in terms of gender, no significant difference was found in environmental, communicational and behavioural ethics dimensions in terms of gender. Regarding education level and length of service, teachers’ perceived ethical leadership behaviours of secondary school principals did not show a significant difference. Organisational identification levels of teachers were not significantly different in terms of their gender, education level and length of service. A positive, strong and statistically significant correlation was found between organisational identification levels of teachers and environmental, communicational, behavioural and decision-making ethical leadership behaviours of school principals. With the exception of environmental ethics, the other three dimensions of ethical leadership predicted teachers’ perceptions of organisational identification positively and significantly. All variables together explained 61% of teachers’ organisational identification level. These results show that ethical leadership of school principals is an important aspect of teachers’ identification with the school.

Colony in Crisis: Riots, Propaganda, and Omission in the Hong Kong Film Unit 1966–1968

In 1966, the British colonial government’s Hong Kong Film Unit inaugurated its monthly current affairs film series, Hong Kong Today (1966–1974). Initially established in 1959 under the Public Relations Office and later renamed Government Information Services (GIS), the Film Unit was a publicity arm of the Colonial Government and regularly screened films for urban audiences across twenty-five theaters as well as for rural audiences via mobile projection units. Chronicling both significant and trivial events in Hong Kong from 1966 to 1974, the Today series in 1966 would coincide with the first of three years of deadly events that radically shook Hong Kong and the globe, changing the ways in which the Crown colony saw itself in relation to the British colonial government. The archival documents surrounding these film episodes, including those featuring the 1967 Maoist riots, were recently removed by the GIS from the archive of the Hong Kong Public Records Office. To keep the historical record alive, this essay explores the archival material surrounding the missing documents by examining the dynamics behind the decisions of the colonial government leadership, GIS, and the filmmakers. It unravels the 1967 riots as a pivotal point in Hong Kong’s formation during Cold War, complex colonialism, and change in government and population relationship.

Work Efficiency as a Mediator in the Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Career Achievement of Lecturers in Universities in Henan, China

This study explores the impact of Transformational Leadership (TL) on Work Efficiency (WE) and career achievement among university lecturers in Henan Province, China. Specifically, it examines how WE mediate the relationship between TL and lecturers' career achievements. TL, characterised by its ability to inspire and motivate followers, was discovered to drive positive organisational change and enhance goal attainment. This research highlights how institutional factors such as leadership decision-making, employee collaboration, and communication influence career trajectories and contribute to career achievement levels. Key milestones in lecturers' careers, such as appointments, promotions, tenure, and professional growth in teaching, research, and leadership, were considered. Factors like academic qualifications, research productivity, teaching experience, and scholarly publications were identified as influential. Furthermore, maintaining high WE are crucial for managing workloads and meeting academic responsibilities. Using a sample of 974 lecturers selected through random sampling and data collected via questionnaires, the study applied quantitative analysis to investigate the correlation between TL behaviours, WE, and career achievements. The findings reveal that TL positively affects lecturers' career achievements, with WE serving as a significant mediating factor. This underscores the importance of TL and efficient work practices in advancing lecturers' careers and enhancing organisational effectiveness.

Professional development of teachers: Perceptions and challenges of foundation phase teachers

Background: South Africa’s teacher retention crisis calls for policy makers, school leaders and teachers to explore ways for professional growth. This study examined six novice teachers’ experiences and views on continuous professional development (CPD) and how it benefits teachers as they transition from mentees to mentors.Aim: The study aimed to explore novice teachers’ engagement with CPD within the context of foundation phase (FP) teaching. It specifically investigated their understanding of CPD in communities of practice and how they preferred to be inducted, mentored and coached.Setting: This qualitative case study was conducted in six inner-city public primary schools in urban Johannesburg, South Africa.Methods: The research followed a case study design, using semi-structured interviews with six novice teachers to gather data.Results: The findings revealed the significance of informal mentorship, offering support despite the absence of formal structures in FP settings. This highlights the need for educational institutions to establish formal mentorship opportunities to promote professional development and well-being of teachers.Conclusion: CPD goes beyond fulfilling professional requirements – it empowers teachers. By upskilling and reskilling, CPD prepares teachers to meet modern teaching challenges.Contributions: This research adds to the limited literature on novice teachers’ experiences with CPD in FP. It highlights CPD’s crucial role in enhancing pedagogical strategies, supporting diverse learners, improving teacher wellness, and informing educational policy and leadership decisions.

Sustainable Development Goals and wellbeing for resilient societies: shocks and recovery

The ‘decade of action’ intended to accomplish the ambitious 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) faces notable challenges. Our investigation into the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on SDG progress reveals important lessons for shaping effective policy interventions to ensure resilient societies and overall well-being. Through systematic mapping and a rapid review approach, our analysis reveals that nearly 90% of the SDGs, specifically 144 targets, were adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, there is a glimmer of opportunity: 66 targets stand to gain from the crisis-induced transformations, provided that the right choices are made. Achieving this goal demands a comprehensive approach and decisive leadership to steer an inclusive economic recovery that also safeguards the environment while safeguarding the environment. The intricate interplay between the ongoing planetary and post-COVID-19 crises, environmental challenges, and conflicts underscores the need for a proactive, deliberate and well-informed approach, marked by collaborative decision-making, which is imperative for effectively steering the ‘decade of action’ toward achieving the SDGs. These complex challenges demand collective, decisive action, all with the overarching aim of securing a just and sustainable future for all.

Comparative Analysis of Treatment Patterns in DoD Beneficiaries With Malignant Central Nervous System Tumors: A Focus on Care Setting.

Malignant brain and other central nervous system tumors (MBT) are deadly and disproportionately affect younger men and women in the age range of most active-duty service members. Timely and appropriate treatment is important to both survival and quality of life of patients. Information on treatment factors across direct care (DC) and private sector care (PSC) networks may be important for provider training and staffing for the DoD. The aim of this study was to analyze treatment patterns for patients with MBT within the DoD's universal access Military Health System (MHS), comparing DC and PSC networks. The Military Cancer Epidemiology database was used to identify patients 18 years and older who were diagnosed with an MBT between 1999 and 2014 who received primary treatment. Differences in first treatment type and time from diagnosis to initial treatment between DC and PSC were assessed using chi-square and Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests, respectively. Frequency of treatment initiation beyond the 28-day TRICARE Prime access standard for Specialty Care was also compared between care settings using chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. Then logistic regression models generated odds of treatment initiation beyond 28 days and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associated with care setting. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank tests compared survival between DC and PSC. The study included 857 patients, with n = 540 treated in DC and n = 317 treated in PSC. The proportion of patients receiving each initial treatment type did not differ by care setting (P = .622). Median time from diagnosis to initial treatment (interquartile range) varied significantly between DC at 6 (0 to 25) days and PSC at 12 (0 to 37) days for all treatment types combined (P < .001). For all years combined, treatment was initiated beyond 28 days for 21% of patients using DC compared to 31% of patients using PSC (P = .001). The odds of treatment initiation beyond 28 days for a patient treated in PSC were 1.61 (95% CI, 1.11 to 2.33, P = .012) compared to patients treated in DC when controlling for demographic, military, tumor, and patient variables. Survival did not differ by care setting (P = 1.000). Based on the available data between 1999 and 2014, care setting was associated with differences in time to initial treatment and odds of treatment initiation beyond 28 days among DoD beneficiaries with MBT receiving care in the MHS. Information on these differences may help inform MHS leadership decisions on the most appropriate location for military provider training and staffing.

One Woman, One Nation: The Heroic Story of Dr. Stella Adadevoh.

In 2014, Nigeria faced a near-existential threat when Ebola was introduced to Lagos, a city of over 20 million people. Dr. Stella Ameyo Adadevoh (1956-2014), a physician at First Consultant Hospital, played a pivotal role in preventing the spread of the virus by making the crucial decision to quarantine the index case, Patrick Sawyer, despite intense governmental pressure to release him. This review explores Dr. Adadevoh's life, her heroic actions during the Ebola crisis, and the lasting impact of her work on Nigeria's public health system. It also highlights the ethical and professional challenges she faced, including balancing patient autonomy with the need for public safety. Through her brave decision-making, Dr. Adadevoh sacrificed herself to save countless lives and ensured Nigeria's swift containment of the deadly virus, leaving behind an inspirational legacy of medical ethics, leadership, and courage that continues to influence public health policy today. This paper highlights the lessons learned from her actions, emphasizing the critical role of decisive leadership in managing infectious disease outbreaks and the profound selflessness and courage she demonstrated.

Assessing Military Mental Health during the Pandemic: A Five Country Collaboration.

Members of a technical panel representing Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the UK, and the US collaborated to develop surveys designed to provide military leaders with information to guide decisions early in the COVID-19 pandemic. The goal of this paper is to provide an overview of this collaboration and a review of findings from the resulting body of work. While surveys pointed to relatively favorable mental health and perceptions of leadership among military personnel early in the pandemic, these observations did not reflect the experiences of personnel deployed in COVID-19 response operations, nor were these observations reflective of later stages of the pandemic. Establishing and leveraging networks that enable therapid development of employee surveys and sharing ofresults can serve as a pathway for empowering military leaders in times of crisis. Organizational support and leadership decisions are especially critical for maintaining well-being among personnel during crises.

Application of the Hub-and-Spoke Model in Antimicrobial Stewardship Programmes: A Scoping Review

Background: The hub-and-spoke model (HSM) offers a framework for efficient healthcare service delivery. This scoping review seeks to explore the implementation and effectiveness of the HSM in antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programmes. Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) reporting guideline was followed. A systematic search was conducted in four electronic databases (PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar) from inception until January 2024. Studies where the HSM was used for delivering any AMS activity, intervention, or action, were included. No study-specific filters were applied and all populations, study designs, and health settings were included. Data screening and selection were achieved using Rayyan. Three authors independently screened studies, with conflicts resolved by a fourth author. Data were narratively synthesised. Standard appraisal tools were impractical; however, critical evaluation of data collection and outcome reporting was ensured. Results: Out of 1438 articles, three were included in the scoping review. The primary interventions utilising the HSM in AMS involved reducing antibiotic misuse, training healthcare professionals, case-based learning, establishing AMS programmes, developing antibiograms, and formulating policies or guidelines pertinent to AMS. The studies demonstrated significant clinical improvements in AMS. Clinical outcomes from the studies include a significant reduction in antimicrobial usage and improved antibiotic management, with a notable decrease in days on antimicrobial therapy and increased antibiotic de-escalation. Key facilitators for AMS programme success were tailored education, collaborative learning, strong leadership, strategic practices, and data-driven decisions. Key barriers were leadership challenges, change resistance, knowledge gaps, inadequate data systems, resource limitations, and technological constraints. Conclusions: The review identified a literature gap in HSM use in AMS programmes. Further studies are needed to assess HSM’s effectiveness, feasibility, and cost-effectiveness in AMS contexts.