Leadership Approach Research Articles

Do intelligent leaders differentiate exchange relationships intelligently? A functional leadership approach to leader-member exchange differentiation.

The burgeoning literature on leader-member exchange (LMX) differentiation indicates that differentiating LMX relationships within groups has both benefits and costs when it comes to group effectiveness. Although some clarity is emerging surrounding the null total effect of LMX differentiation on group performance, we still know little about how leaders themselves shape the differentiation process. In this article, we extend theory to suggest that some leaders may differentiate more effectively than others. Drawing from functional leadership theory, we first identify a potential approach available to leaders likely to enhance their functional effectiveness-strategically investing in and developing stronger social exchange relationships with subordinates who can best help them fulfill the task functions (via task performance-based differentiation) and group maintenance functions (via contextual performance-based differentiation) specified within functional leadership theory. Embedding this potential approach within the ability-motivation-opportunity framework, we then develop a theory for which leaders are best positioned to recognize and pursue strategic relationship development this way. Specifically, we posit that leaders with stronger cognitive abilities (g) are more likely to recognize the value of such an approach, and those high in core self-evaluation are more likely to believe in their capabilities to successfully process, execute on, and persist with the approach. The results from two studies-a multisource study of leaders and team members in newly formed teams as well as a preregistered online vignette study using a sample of current and former supervisors-largely supported our predictions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

The driving force: organizational resilience of OKKO network

Learning outcomes After completion of the case study, the students would be able to identify and evaluate organizational culture as a critical element of organizational resilience and assess its fit to the business context, evaluate different elements of organizational resilience and their contribution to business adaptation and develop leadership approaches that help adapt and leverage organizational culture to foster individual, team and organizational resilience. Case overview/synopsis This teaching case covers topics of organizational leadership, including organizational culture and organizational resilience. This case study is appropriate for the postgraduate and executive education programmes. This case study covers the approach to organizational leadership and resilience of the OKKO, a Ukrainian retail petrol station network. The dilemmas considered by top managers of the company emerged in February–April 2022 amid the unfolding Russian invasion of Ukraine. The case study protagonists solved multiple business and organizational dilemmas to continue efficient business operations while allowing the organization to adapt to a complex and fast-changing environment. They leveraged a distinct corporate culture, strong employee engagement and established business processes and management practices to ensure the viability of the business. Complexity academic level This case study is appropriate for postgraduate and executive education programmes. The level of difficulty is light to medium. Recommended pre-requisites are understanding human resources management terminology and reviewing preparation materials. The case study is suitable for teaching courses in leadership, people management and organizational development that cover corporate culture, leadership and organizational resilience. Subject code CSS 6: Human resource management Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Implementasi Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Budaya Kerja di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Islam Terpadu (MIIT) Roudhotul Qurro Tanjungbalai

This research aims to evaluate the implementation of school principal leadership in improving the work culture in the elementary madrasah. Improving and enhancing the work culture is important in order to increase the effectiveness and quality of learning in that environment. The research method used is a qualitative approach, with data obtained from interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis is carried out by reducing the data by summarizing the main points obtained from the reports that have been prepared and then presented to see patterns of relationships between one data and another data, and in the final stage, it is concluded. The results of the research show that the principal of MIIT Roudhotul Qurro has a personal leadership approach and is actively involved in the daily activities of the madrasah. The principal's tangible actions in addressing discipline and attendance issues reflect a strong commitment to shaping a well-organized and productive madrasah environment. Daily interactions filled with values such as cooperation, integrity, and dedication form the basis for a positive and effective work culture.

“Establishing Policy Is Just Step One of Twenty”: How Educational Policy Protections, District Practices, and Leadership Matter to Trans PK–12 School Workers

Background/Context: While trans adults in the U.S. and Canada report higher levels of discrimination and harassment than cisgender adults, but the existing literature lacks comprehensive descriptions of trans school workers’ believes about what would improve working conditions, satisfaction, and safety. Purpose: We interrogate systemic forces shaping PK-12 trans educators’ workplace experiences through two research questions: (1) What educational reforms did trans PK–12 workers believe would improve working conditions? (2) Did greater policy, organizational, and leadership support contribute to improved job satisfaction and safety? Research Design: The critical quantitative study employed cross-sectional, online survey data from 341 trans school workers in Canada and the United States. We used frequencies to descripe respondents’ rankings of reforms and logistic regression analysis to examine whether respondents’ reports of greater policy protections, organizational supports, and affirming leadership constributed to greater workplace safety and satisfaction. Conclusions/Recommendations: Trans workers reporting safer, more satisfactory school workplaces also indicate their workplaces have multiple tools across socio-ecological systems to disrupt cisnormativity. Policy protections topped workers’ rankings of beneficial reforms, but logistic regression analysis revealed policies mitigated only the most egregious physical safety concerns. Greater organizational supports and affirming leaders consistently contribute to satisfaction and safety. Policies, organizational practices, and leadership approaches working in tandem contribute to safe, satisfying workplaces for PK-12 trans school employees.

Leaders, conflict, and team coordination: a relational leadership approach in temporary organisations

This study explores how the level of relational leadership of team leaders influences team members’ conflict-handling style and team coordination in temporary organisations (TOs). Leaning upon Socio-Psychological and relational leadership theories, the research also evaluates how the cultural background of leaders moderates the nature of the association between relational leadership and project team performance. This contribution is unique by engaging with three moderating cultural groups while drawing on data from 126 teams in TOs using PLS path modelling. The results explain that relational leadership influences team members’ cooperative and conflict-avoiding styles, which are, in turn, positively associated with team coordination and team performance. The judicious and considered use of conflict-avoiding should be recognised as a thoughtful style in multicultural team contexts and as a consequence of relational leadership. Team coordination and performance, however, are related more to relational leadership with the sample of leaders from a specific within-nationality cultural background.

Assessing Student Leaders’ Leadership Styles and Conflict Management

Student leadership gives students the training they need to engage themselves in school-related tasks or concepts, objectives, and aspirations beneficially and constructively. It teaches them how and when to plan an event, manage their schedule, improve their speaking abilities, and lead students. To achieve a target, leadership is a flexible process that calls for collaboration with others in both academic and professional lives. For individuals who are expanding their professional competencies, gaining leadership skills is essential. To enable students to learn their attributes and better prepare them for their careers, leadership qualities and skills should be measured. This study examined the profile in terms of age and sex, leadership styles, and conflict management of student leaders in a state university. A descriptive-correlation research design was employed in the study with undergraduate student leaders of their respective department organizations who enrolled in different courses. (N=70). Results show that majority of student leaders age is between 18- 21 and are dominated by male student leaders. It can also be gleaned that the majority of student leaders possess a democratic leadership style. Democratic leadership approaches have provided leaders the capability of making wise decisions, collaborating with others, and asking pertinent questions to people to handle certain issues. In terms of conflict management, the number one conflict management strategy used by the leaders is accommodating strategy Moreover, there is no significant relationship between the leadership style of student leaders and conflict management. Regardless of the leadership style of student leaders, it is up to them how they will handle conflict management effectively. Student leaders set the tone for conflict management through their leadership styles.

Leadership styles on job satisfaction and security among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Hospitals employ many social workers, whose tasks are complicated and arduous. Quality of life assessments by healthcare professionals (HCWs) are essential for better healthcare and skillful health service delivery. HCWs have been under tremendous mental and psychological strain and at high risk of virus acquisition since the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. This study evaluated public hospital efficiency issues and remedies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study examined leadership styles and job satisfaction among Saudi Arabian healthcare workers (HCWs). Between September 1 and December 31, 2021, a descriptive cross-sectional investigation was conducted. During the COVID-19 pandemic, a verified web-based survey reached the appropriate sample and data was collected. A web-based self-administered survey collected demographic data, leadership style using Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire Form 6-S (MLQ-6S), and health care employee satisfaction (SEHC) from HCWs. Leadership styles affected HCW job satisfaction, according to this study. Individual concern, idealized influence, contingent compensation, and inspiring motivation were negatively correlated with work satisfaction ratings. Creating a special training programme for new leaders should cover leadership styles and approaches, the skills needed to foster a productive workplace with high-quality care, and the creation of motivated work opportunities that can boost worker engagement and satisfaction.

IMPACT OF LEADERSHIP STYLES ON PERFORMANCE IN SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES IN MANIPUR

This quantitative study examined the impact of leadership styles on the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Manipur, India. Transformational, transactional, and passive avoidant leadership were measured as independent variables. Firm performance consisted of sales growth, return on investment (ROI), and growth in the number of employees over the past year. A sample of 197 SME leaders participated in the survey. Correlation and regression analyses tested the relationship between leadership styles and aspects of SME performance. Results demonstrated that transformational leadership had robust, significant positive associations with all three performance measures. Transactional leadership also positively predicted sales growth and ROI. In contrast, passive avoidant leadership could have been more inconsequential or mildly detrimental for SMEs. Together, the leadership styles accounted for 19-24% of variation in firm performance. The findings highlight the crucial role of engaged leadership approaches centred on inspiration, rewards, and modelling integrity for enabling Manipuri SMEs to thrive. Practical implications suggest integrating transformational leadership principles into local entrepreneurship training programs.

How principals’ instructional leadership impacts schools’ middle leadership

Instructional leadership is a school leadership approach that prioritizes enhancing the quality of teaching and learning. This study explores how the principal's instructional leadership influences the school's middle leadership. The study participants were 24 principals from elementary schools in Israel, and data collection involved conducting semi-structured interviews. The collected data underwent three stages of analysis: sorting, coding, and categorizing. The findings revealed three key areas in which the principal's instructional leadership influences the school's middle leadership: the expectations of middle leaders, the selection and appointment of middle leaders, and the hierarchical structure of middle leaders within the school. These findings highlight the comprehensive impact of instructional leadership on various organizational aspects of middle leadership in schools.

Stakeholder exclusion practices of responsible leaders: an investigation into the application of responsible leader values in stakeholder inclusion and exclusion

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to explore the stakeholder exclusion practices of responsible leaders.Design/methodology/approachAn interpretive multiple case analyses of seven responsibly led organisations was employed. Twenty-two qualitative interviews were undertaken to investigate and understand perceptions and practice of responsible leaders and their approach to stakeholder inclusion and exclusion.FindingsThe findings revealed new and surprising insights where responsible leaders compromised their espoused values of inclusivity through the application of a personal bias, resulting in the exclusion of certain stakeholders. This exclusivity practice focused on the informal evaluation of potential stakeholders’ values, and where they did not align with those of the responsible leader, these stakeholders were excluded from participation with the organisation. This resulted in the creation and continuity of a culture of shared moral purpose across the organisation.Research limitations/implicationsThis study focussed on responsible leader-led organisations, so the next stage of the research will include mainstream organisations (i.e. without explicit responsible leadership) to examine how personal values bias affects stakeholder selection in a wider setting.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that reflexive practice and critically appraising management methods in normative leadership approaches may lead to improvements in diversity management.Originality/valueThis paper presents original empirical data challenging current perceptions of responsible leader inclusivity practices and indicates areas of leadership development that may need to be addressed.

Leadership Competency Development in Public Management: Key Factors for Successful Government

This journal article explores the critical factors contributing to successful government leadership competency development within the realm of public management. Recognizing the pivotal role of effective leadership in public sectors, the study delves into the key elements that foster competence and excellence in government leadership. By analyzing various dimensions such as strategic vision, decision-making skills, and adaptability, the research identifies essential competencies that leaders in public management should cultivate. The article employs a comprehensive review of existing literature and empirical studies to unveil patterns and insights into leadership competency development. It emphasizes the significance of continuous learning, training programs, and mentorship in shaping successful government leaders. Furthermore, the study investigates the impact of leadership styles on competency development, highlighting the importance of aligning leadership approaches with the unique challenges of public management. In addressing the practical implications, the article provides recommendations for policymakers and human resource professionals involved in public sector leadership development initiatives. It underscores the need for targeted interventions that focus on identified competency gaps and emphasizes a holistic approach to leadership training. The findings contribute to the ongoing discourse on enhancing government leadership effectiveness and offer valuable insights for practitioners, educators, and researchers interested in the dynamics of leadership competency development in public management.

Exploring the relationship between legislative theatre and critical participatory action research

ABSTRACT In this paper, we argue that Legislative Theatre processes, as presented by Boal in his book Legislative Theatre: Using Performance to Make Politics and initially implemented in Rio de Janeiro in 90’, can be considered (Critical Participatory) Action Research processes and conducted as such – depending on the approach of the process leader and their consciousness. We present the scope of Legislative Theatre as part of the techniques of the Theatre of the Oppressed, and we outline the common origins of Legislative Theatre and Action Research in the work of Freire, Boal, Moreno, and Lewin. We explore similarities and differences between their ideas to show where they are convergent and where they are not. In doing so, we aim to highlight the importance of the Action Research perspective for enhancing the work of social activists using Legislative Theatre. We consider the possible benefits and costs of such integration, and we conclude the paper with recommendations for further research.

Effectiveness of Organizational Change through Employee Involvement: Evidence from Telecommunications and Refinery Companies

Organizational adaptability is paramount in today’s dynamic landscape, where the emergence of novel technologies, shifts in both internal and external business ecosystems, unexpected crises, and health pandemics remain constant potential challenges. Recent studies have extensively examined employee involvement through empowerment, participation, and teamwork as a pivotal result in facilitating organizational transformation. To ascertain these assumptions, data has been collected through the SurveyMonkey app over a couple of weeks, and then a Likert scale was used to codify the obtained data. Employing structural equation modeling with Smart PLS 4 software, we examine the impact of employee involvement and the intermediary function of humble leadership on the efficacy of organizational change in Côte d’Ivoire, utilizing a dataset comprising 412 employees from the telecommunications and refinery sectors. Our findings revealed positive effects on organizational change when employee involvement and a humble leadership approach were integrated. Additionally, secondary data from O2O interviews was used to draw conclusions and recommendations. Based on results and interviews, the authors have drawn a strategic roadmap to mitigate daily changes more efficiently. Our research identified constraints and suggested directions for future studies in this field.

Exploring Leadership Styles' Influence on Employee Loyalty in Dubai's Public Sector: The Role of Communication as a Mediator

The cornerstone of success for governmental organizations, particularly when employees lack motivation, is their commitment. This research delves into the dynamics of employee loyalty within the public sector of Dubai, examining the interplay between leadership approaches and employee dedication, with a special focus on the Dubai Immigration Department (DID). Furthermore, it evaluates how communication influences the nexus between leadership styles and employee commitment at DID. Employing quantitative methodologies for data gathering and analysis through smart-PLS, the study uncovers that both transformational and transactional leadership positively impact employee commitment at DID. Additionally, a notable correlation exists between these leadership styles and communication effectiveness. It was also discovered that communication positively mediates the relationship between the two leadership styles and employee commitment. This research's novel contribution lies in highlighting communication's mediating role within DID, influencing employee commitment. These insights propose recommendations for policy and practical adjustments in the UAE and lay the groundwork for future scholarly endeavors in this area.

THE ROLE OF INCLUSIVE LEADERSHIP IN PROVIDING QUALITY EDUCATION FOR ALL IN ISLAMIC SECONDARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

In the contemporary landscape of education, the imperative of providing quality education for all has become a paramount concern. This dissertation investigates the instrumental role of inclusive leadership in ensuring the provision of quality education for all in Islamic secondary educational institutions. These institutions, serving as bastions of both religious and academic development, demand a leadership approach that is inclusive, equitable, and forward-looking. The study delves into the multifaceted concept of inclusive leadership, exploring its theoretical underpinnings and practical implications within the unique context of Islamic secondary education. Inclusive leadership goes beyond conventional models by actively involving diverse stakeholders, fostering a collaborative and supportive environment, and addressing the individual needs of all students. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative analyses to comprehensively understand the impact of inclusive leadership on access to education and the enhancement of learning experiences

Analysing Factors Inhibiting Teacher Leadership Initiatives in Lesotho Secondary Schools Sepiriti Sepiriti

Some secondary school principals are complaining about teachers’ reluctance to participate in any activities beyond classroom teaching. To understand this phenomenon, the study attempts to explore the inhibiting factors that hinder teachers in selected secondary schools in the Maseru district from supporting and engaging in teacher leadership (TL) activities. This qualitative inquiry is underpinned by the critical theory (CT), which among others aims at revealing the core factors that contributed to teachers’ lack of enthusiasm in performing various TL related activities. Also, to suggest strategies that could pioneer a change in teachers’ attitudes towards participation in school leadership beyond teaching. The study generated data from ten (10) purposively selected secondary school teachers. Using the thematic analysis method, despite participating teachers being able to conceptualise TL, they cited that, factors including; unmanageable teaching loads, inadequate induction, and use of top-down leadership approaches inhibited TL initiatives. To mitigate the abovementioned factors, participants suggested the creation of a supportive school environment, teacher training and recognition.

Flying Towards Sustainability: The Role of Leadership in Airline Operations

In the evolving realm of the airline industry, sustainability is non-negotiable. This editorial delves into the pivotal role of leadership in driving environmental responsibility within airline operations. As societal awareness of environmental issues grows and regulatory frameworks tighten, leaders must proactively devise strategies to steer their airlines towards greener practices. The editorial presents pragmatic approaches for leaders to embrace sustainability, including investment in renewable energy sources, optimization of operational efficiency, and collaboration with industry partners on eco-friendly initiatives. By demonstrating foresight and ingenuity, leaders can guide their airlines through present challenges while charting a course towards a more environmentally sustainable future.

Exploring the both-and success paradox in mega construction projects: multi-dimensional assessments of paradoxical leadership, project agility and megaproject success

PurposeOrganizations are full of contradictions and leadership dilemmas. Managers often face challenges such as selecting between two contradicting options such that which one is more important can hardly be judged. To manage contradicting dynamics, today’s managers can adopt the paradoxical leadership approach. We build a theoretical model to investigate the influence of paradoxical leadership on multi-dimensional project agility (proactivity, adaptability, and resilience), and multi-dimensional project success (management, investment, and ownership success).Design/methodology/approachDrawing on survey-based data from the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) megaproject (N = 209), we performed covariance-based structural equation modeling to test the conceptual model.FindingsThe findings show that (1) paradoxical leadership has a significant positive impact on megaproject success, (2) paradoxical leadership has a significant positive influence on project agility, (3) project agility has a significant positive effect on megaproject success, and (4) project agility has a significant effect that mediates the link between paradoxical leadership and megaproject success. This research provides a theoretical and practical comprehension of paradoxical leadership with a new perspective on megaprojects.Originality/valueThis study provides an extension of the existing studies on paradoxical leadership and identifies the role of contradicting dynamics and their impact on multiple facets of megaproject success. It not only clarifies the relationship between paradoxical leadership and megaproject success, but also identifies the mediating role of project agility that can play an effective role in mobilizing success in megaprojects.

Using the Four-Frame Leadership Approach to Mobilize Strategic Science Communication Efforts

This publication outlines some organizational strategies to consider when participating in science communication through the lens of Bolman and Deal’s four-frame leadership approach. Written by Christine Krebs, Matthew Sowcik, and Jamie Loizzo, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Agricultural Education and Communication, March 2024.

Health literacy, governance and systems leadership contribute to the implementation of the One Health approach: a virtuous circle

One Health is an important approach to addressing health threats and promoting health through interdisciplinary health, policy, legislation and leadership research to achieve better human and animal health and better outcomes for the planet. The Covid-19 pandemic has triggered an urgent awareness of the need to develop innovative integrative solutions to address root causes of such threats to health, which requires collaboration across disciplines and amongst different sectors and communities. We explore how achieving the Quadripartite Organizations’ One Health Joint Plan of Action can be supported by the concepts of ‘One Health literacy’ and ‘One Health governance’ and promote both academic and policy dialogue. We show how One Health literacy and One Health governance influence and reinforce each other, while an interdisciplinary systems leadership approach acts as a catalyst and mechanism for understanding and enacting change. Based on our understanding of how these elements influence the implementation of the One Health approach, we describe a model for considering how external triggering events such as the Covid-19 pandemic may prompt a virtuous circle whereby exposure to and exploration of One Health issues may lead to improved One Health literacy and to better governance. We close with recommendations to international organisations, national governments and to leaders in policy, research and practice to enhance their influence on society, the planetary environment, health and well-being.