Leadership Task Research Articles

Leadership Development in Women STEM Students: The Interplay of Task Behaviors, Self-Efficacy, and University Training

This study explores the relationship between task-oriented behaviors, self-efficacy, and leadership emergence in women STEM students, grounded in the context of prototypical leadership theory and self-efficacy theory. Prototypical leadership theory emphasizes the alignment of leadership behaviors with group expectations, which, in STEM fields, are often task-oriented. The research examines how task-oriented behaviors, such as planning, decision-making, and supervision, influence women’s self-perception of leadership ability and their subsequent emergence as leaders. Our results show a positive relationship between task-oriented behaviors and self-efficacy and a positive relationship between self-efficacy with leader emergence, with academic experience further ngthening this link. As students’ progress through their programs, engaging in more teamwork and leadership tasks, their self-efficacy enhances, leading to stronger leadership emergence. Also, we found an indirect effect from task-oriented behavior to leader emergence via self-efficacy. These findings have significant implications for fostering leadership in women, particularly in STEM. The study calls for educational programs to enhance opportunities for women to develop these behaviors early on, ensuring their growth into leadership roles in STEM fields.

The Role of Athlete Leadership Quality in the Characteristics of Team Resilience in Elite Soccer Teams: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Mediation of Team Identification

We present two studies examining the relationship between athlete leadership quality and team resilience and explored the mediating effect of team identification. In Study 1, 194 soccer players (Mage = 18.50, SD = 4.49) from eight national teams participated. Structural equation modeling showed cross-sectionally that the four types of athlete leadership qualities were positively related to the characteristics of resilience and negatively to vulnerability under pressure. Team identification was shown to be a mediator of these relationships. Study 2, with four different time-points, involved 208 young soccer players (Mage = 16.05, SD = 3.39) from two professional clubs (i.e., La Liga). Cross-lagged panel models revealed that task leadership quality (Times 1–2) was positively related to the characteristics of resilience (Times 3–4) and negatively to vulnerability under pressure (Times 3–4). However, team identification did not mediate these relationships. Therefore, practitioners should consider the perceptions of leader quality to achieve benefits during competition.

Gender difference in leaders framed with responsibility or authority: An experimental study

The underrepresentation of women in top leadership positions may result in a potential loss in efficiency. In this study, we examine gender differences in leadership emergence and efficiency when a leadership task is framed as authority or responsibility. In a public good game, the group leader is entitled to punish low contributors among the group members in order to increase the group welfare. The experimental design includes a basic treatment—framing the leader's task as authority or responsibility—in occasions where group leaders emerge through self-promotion or voting. We find a more pronounced framing effect among females compared to males. Although women are generally less willing and less voted to lead than men, the responsibility framing enhances female leaders' effectiveness to a larger extent than male leaders': they contribute more to the public good, and are more inclined to punish low contributors when they are voted as leaders. Therefore, when leadership tasks emphasize responsibility, female leaders could enhance social welfare in the provision of public goods.

School Principalship Leadership and Management in Integrated Muslim Schools in South Africa: An Investigation

ABSTRACT This research focused on strategies for effective leadership and management in integrated Muslim schools. A qualitative approachwithin a phenomenological design was utilized to encapsulate qualitative data on the strategies for effective leadership and management in integrated Muslim schools. Non-probability sampling methods were employed, and in-depth, semi-structured interviews were used as the primary method to capture the data from the participants. The main findings from this research identified invaluable insights into the nature of integrated Muslim schools from a historical perspective, the governance, bodies of membership and registration of these schools and the existing leadership and management portfolio. The research established that the school principals presiding over leadership and management of integrated Muslim schools have a dichotomous portfolio of leadership and management, that is, the secular curriculum and the Islamic curriculum. Thus, they have dichotomous leadership and management tasks, primarily toward their employers and as a religious duty. Furthermore, it was established that these leadership and management duties are not detailed, which results in role ambiguity and overlapping between the leadership and management role on the one hand and the governance role of school principals on the other.

Impact of Shared Leadership on Project Team Performance: Mediating Role of Knowledge Sharing and Moderating Role of Project Manager’s Ambidexterity

The present research investigates shared leadership and its antecedents in the project-based organizations operating in Pakistan’s twin cities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. The present study combines the quadratic model of shared leadership with the literature of leadership styles such as Task Orientation shared leadership, Relation Orientation shared leadership, Change Orientation shared leadership, and Micro-Political Orientation shared leadership, which lead to enhanced project team performance via knowledge sharing. The project manager's ambidexterity is also considered in the hypothesized link as a moderator. The data was collected from 291 respondents from different project-based organizations. The results delineate that Task Orientation shared leadership, Change Orientation shared leadership, Relation Orientation shared leadership, and Micro-Political Orientation shared leadership, along with knowledge sharing, have a significant and positive influence on project team performance. Moreover, knowledge sharing mediates the relationship between shared leadership (Task Orientation shared leadership, Change Orientation shared leadership, Relation Orientation shared leadership, and Micro-Political Orientation shared leadership) and project team performance. In addition, the exploitative and explorative behavior of the project manager, playing the role of moderator, was also tested. The results have shown a significant impact of moderation on Task Orientation shared leadership and Change Orientation shared leadership but an insignificant impact on Relation Orientation shared leadership and Micro-Political Orientation shared leadership for exploitative behavior, and moderated the relationship with Task Orientation shared leadership only for explorative behavior respectively.

The opportunity to lead facilitates PA professional well-being.

Physician associates/assistants (PAs) with mature careers represent an important leadership resource for healthcare employers. This study sought to determine whether PA leadership task responsibility interacted with experience level to predict professional well-being. This quantitative study used an archival dataset from a national sample of PAs. The Professional Fulfillment Index was used to measure well-being and career length was used to represent experience level. PA leadership task responsibility was calculated as an aggregate score. Bivariate linear regression with mediation analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between variables. An increase in PA experience level predicted higher professional fulfillment and lower burnout, and aggregate leadership task score partially mediated this relationship. Granting leadership task responsibility compatible with experience level may enhance PA professional fulfillment, mitigate burnout, and increase PA usefulness for healthcare employers.

Uncovering the Role and Labor of Volunteer Leaders within a Community-Led Urban Tree Planting Initiative

Urban forestry programs across North America rely on volunteers to lead urban forest stewardship activities and encourage participation in tree planting and general maintenance. We examined the leadership structure of a tree planting initiative (TPI) in the greater Philadelphia region to understand the role and labor contributions of volunteer leaders, and the current challenges of achieving equitable urban tree canopy within community-led TPIs. Using an online survey, we found that leaders contribute unpaid labor, time, and skills within the following categories: group organization and communication, tree-planting and event coordination, tree care and maintenance, and broader environmental education and advocacy. Volunteer leaders also face challenges related to leadership and administrative tasks. This study deepens understandings of the labor needs within volunteer TPIs and potential ways to support the equitable growth of these initiatives moving forward. Future research is needed to understand recognitional equity gaps in volunteer leadership more broadly.

Reciprocal Leadership Among Workers in the Directorate of the Iraqi Ministry of Youth and Sports from Their Point of View

The role of Reciprocal leadership is considered essential for those working in the Directorate of the Iraqi Ministry of Youth and Sports from their point of view, as they are responsible for achieving work goals and encouraging interaction within the institutional environment. Transactive leadership is a leadership style that depends on mutual interaction between the leader and employees in the organization, where emphasis is placed on the actual results of performance and linking reward to achievement, while relying on the principle of reward and punishment. This is done by assigning work to subordinates and correcting errors before they occur or taking corrective steps in the event of a mistake. As for the problem of the research, identifying the reciprocal leadership among workers in the Directorate of the Iraqi Ministry of Youth and Sports from their point of view. To achieve the goal of the research, the researcher prepared a reciprocal leadership questionnaire and included its paragraphs from (29) paragraphs distributed over three areas: the first area is conditional reward, the second area is conditional punishment, and the third area is management by exception, and it was distributed to them. The human area was composed of workers in the Directorate of the Iraqi Ministry of Youth and Sports, while the time area is between 1/23/2024 and 2024/4/23 As for the spatial field, the Directorate of the Iraqi Ministry of Youth and Sports, the descriptive approach was used, and the research community consisted of (36) workers. The main experiment was (30) workers in the Directorate of the Iraqi Ministry of Youth and Sports, from their point of view, and the exploratory experiment was (6) As for statistical processing, to analyze the data in this study, the statistical package was used SPSS. The researcher concluded that the attention and encouragement of workers in the Directorate of the Iraqi Ministry of Youth and Sports to reciprocal leadership because of its positive impact on the quality of the reciprocal relationship between the leader and subordinates and an important role in exercising effective leadership tasks. In light of the results, the study presented several recommendations, including developing a clear perception among workers in the Directorate. Ministry of Youth and Sports on the reciprocal leadership style based on exchanging rewards and punishment in exchange for work.

Organizational culture as the basis of successful business

Organizational culture serves not only as a set of values and norms that characterize the way business is conducted within a company but also as a critical determinant of its success and competitiveness. This article explores the importance of organizational culture as the basis for successful business management. It examines the role of values, norms, traditions, and practices that shape a company's culture in creating a conducive environment for business development. Additionally, it investigates the impact of organizational culture on the efficiency and performance of the enterprise, as well as on employee motivation and satisfaction. Based on this analysis, proposals are put forward on how management can actively shape and manage organizational culture to achieve strategic goals and success in today's business environment. This article's conclusions may benefit executives and managers seeking to improve their company's effectiveness by enhancing organizational culture. Organizational culture is not just a reflection of how things are done within a company; it is a fundamental aspect that defines strategic directions and the overall orientation of business activities. It manifests in all entrepreneurial endeavors—from corporate style and communication methods to decision-making approaches and stakeholder relationships. Building and managing organizational culture becomes a paramount task for leadership in modern times, where competition and market instability are ever-present challenges. Indeed, organizational culture is the cornerstone for successful and resilient businesses. The success of shaping and managing organizational culture depends on several key aspects. Firstly, it is crucial to have a clear vision of the company's mission and values, which define the overall direction of development and objectives of the enterprise. Furthermore, it is necessary to actively implement these values and principles into the workplace environment, creating incentives and opportunities for employees' growth and development. Building an open and transparent communication system is vital to fostering understanding and collaboration within the company. Keywords: organizational culture, factors of organizational culture, criteria of organizational culture, stages of formation of organizational culture, business.

The strength of Frontline Practice Leadership in Australian supported accommodation services: Challenges confronting service providers.

The strength of practice leadership predicts the quality of Active Support but it can be compromised by other demands on frontline managers. The study aimed to identify and understand differences in practice leadership over time and between organisations. Data collected in 2022 in 96 services from 11 organisations using the Observed Measure of Practice Leadership were compared to similar data from 2013 and 2018. Qualitative fieldnotes were analysed thematically. Practice leadership scores increased significantly between 2013 and 2018 but declined significantly between 2018 and 2022. Scores were significantly higher in organisations that had implemented Active Support since 2013 compared to later adopters. Higher scoring organisations had structures that supported frontline managers with practice leadership and that countered increasing administrative demands. Establishment of support structures for practice leadership by organisations warrants further investigation together with the relative importance of each task of practice leadership.

Unveiling leadership priorities: a comparative study of principal time use across high school types

PurposeAs responsibilities of high school principals continue to expand, their workweeks become longer, and their attention is stretched in multiple directions. How principals from various school types use their time is influenced by their organizational structures and external policies. To gain deeper insights into the workload, priorities and constraints faced by high school principals, this study examines principal time use (PTU) patterns across different school types, including traditional public schools (TPSs), charter schools, Catholic schools and non-Catholic private schools.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on the national representative data from the High School Longitudinal Study of 2009 in the USA, this study examines and compares PTU in various leadership tasks across different school types, controlling for school and principal characteristics.FindingsAmong various high school types, principals in TPS had the longest workweeks. However, the extended workweek did not necessarily result in significantly more hours or a larger proportion of their time dedicated to instructional leadership. Instead, TPS principals allocated more time to administrative tasks and student affairs than principals in other school types.Originality/valueBy examining PTU of different school types, this study adds new evidence on the influence of contextual factors on leadership behavior. It also offers policy implications to enhance principals’ capacities, alleviate their workload and to prioritize time use in different leadership domains.

From High Discipline Referrals to High-Engagement Classrooms: A Design-Based Approach to Creating a Campus-Wide Culture of Positive Learning Support for At-Risk Student Populations through Transforming Educators’ Instructional Teaming Practices

Instructional leaders in many school districts throughout the United States are increasingly confronted with spiraling numbers of discipline referrals from teachers who are unable to manage the off-task behaviors and discipline infractions of the growing percentages of diverse, academically at-risk students populating their classrooms. Many of these at-risk students, who come from families that are economically disadvantaged and have culturally rich and linguistically diverse backgrounds, have become stigmatized and minoritized by an education system whose curricula are often woefully inadequate in being able to meet the unique social and academic support needs of these diverse learners. This article profiles how one high school principal and his instructional turnaround leadership task force colleagues working in a high diversity urban school district utilized multi-leveled data analysis investigative thinking and innovative professional learning program design strategies derived from the education improvement science literature to implement a comprehensive intervention program for ninth through twelfth grade teams of core content teachers and their instructional supervisors. The specific goals of the intervention program were to: 1) change educators’ entrenched pedagogical thinking and instructional planning mindsets regarding the motivation levels and learning capabilities of the high discipline referral students who regularly engage in off-task disruptive behaviors in their classrooms; and 2) transform teachers’ instructional data teaming practices to better serve the academic learning support needs of the campus’s minoritized students. The design-based approach to instructional improvement employed in the high school case study leveraged the use of multiple cycles of new knowledge and skills acquisition, critical self-reflection, and immersive professional learning to assist educators in exploring how to engage together in authentic data teaming and data analysis–informed differentiated instructional planning to craft high-engagement classroom learning environments and interactive instructional units to effectively address the academic development and support needs of the campus’s diverse, at-risk learners.

Minimum Education Requirements For Presidential Candidates In The Administration Of State Government

This study discusses the relevance of minimum education for presidential candidates, as stipulated in Article 169 of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections, focusing on the concept of state capacity. State capacity theory identifies three main elements: extractive, coordinative, and compliance. Higher education is considered important in increasing the capacity of state leaders, especially in dealing with the complexity of leadership tasks. Using juridical-normative research methods, this study conducted an analysis of a number of Indonesian presidents who had undergraduate education backgrounds or higher education levels. The formulation of the problem in this study is: What is the basis for consideration of the education of presidential candidates at least high school as one of the conditions for candidacy? And the results illustrate the stagnation in related laws and regulations, especially Article 169, which maintains the minimum limit of high school education for presidential candidates. By involving state capacity theory, the authors conclude the need for updates in the educational requirements of presidential candidates to increase the country's capacity to face increasingly complex tasks and challenges. Continuous evaluation of the education system and laws and regulations is essential to create more qualified national leaders in the future.

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF GROUP COOPERATION IN THE CONTEXT OF PROBLEM BASE LEARNING (PBL): A MIXED METHOD APPROACH

This study uses a mixed-methods approach to evaluate the effectiveness of group collaboration in a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) context. The study integrates qualitative and quantitative analyses to understand the dynamics of group collaboration and its impact on learning outcomes. The sample consisted of 98 students involved in a semester-long PBL course. The researcher collected Quantitative data through self-assessment and peer assessment scales, while qualitative data came from in-depth interviews and analysis of group reflections. The results showed a significant correlation between group cooperation effectiveness and learning outcome achievement, with positive interaction and effective conflict management as critical factors in improving group performance. Qualitative analysis revealed that effective communication, shared leadership, and equitable task distribution enhanced group synergy. The findings provide new insights into the importance of developing collaborative skills in PBL and suggest the need for educational interventions designed to enhance group cooperation abilities. This study contributes to the PBL literature by providing empirical evidence on the effectiveness of group cooperation and its implications for teaching and learning.

Kepemimpinan Dan Perilaku Organisasi Pendidikan Islam Yang Efektif

This research aims to provide an understanding of the main tasks of leadership and organizational behavior in the context of Islamic education, as well as the criteria for effective leadership and organizational behavior. The method used in this research is library research, by collecting data from various relevant sources. The results of this research conclude that understanding the main tasks and functions of leadership and organizational behavior, as well as the criteria for effective leadership and organizational behavior, is important for leaders and managers of Islamic educational institutions. This understanding helps leaders understand their duties and responsibilities in leading the organization to achieve the desired Islamic education goals. To achieve effective leadership and organizational behavior, several criteria such as a clear vision and mission, the ability to motivate and lead a team, as well as integrity and good morals are very important. Apart from that, factors such as organizational culture, leadership style, and internal and external factors also influence leadership and organizational behavior in Islamic educational institutions. Understanding and implementing these criteria can make a significant contribution to the development and improvement of the effectiveness of Islamic educational institutions.

A review of human resource management practices and their impact on school performance (2012–2022)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the published literature on human resource management and school performance from January 2012 to December 2022. Numerous literature evaluations have been conducted on human resource management and organizational performance, but school or teacher performance has received less attention than organizational performance. The PICOC (population, intervention, comparison, outcome, and context) technique is integrated into each stage of the PSALSAR framework to assure the study’s objective and comparability. This in-depth research is conducted in three stages: identifying pertinent keywords, screening pertinent papers, and selecting pertinent publications for review utilizing the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Mata Analysis) technique. This made a final database with 44 publications that met the study’s requirements for inclusion. This study reveals that HRM practices and school performance are correlated. The results of the research identify the eight most essential HRM practices for improving school performance, which included planning, organizing, recruitment and selection, training and development, performance management, employee relations and involvement, reward and compensation, health, safety, and work-life balance. Leadership style, motivation, satisfaction, productivity and task performance, competency, culture and climate, empowerment, and commitment were among the performance-influencing elements.

Artificial Intelligence – Qualification and Competence Development Requirements for Executives

When companies increasingly use artificial intelligence (AI), this changes the world of work and, in particular, the way people and technology work together and divide up their work. Because with the help of AI systems, even cognitively demanding activities can be automated. For example, AI can support executives in their leadership tasks and partially take over administrative coordination and control tasks. Workflows and processes must be redesigned or at least adapted accordingly. This scientific article provides an overview of the necessary changes and presents suitable tools for well-structured change management that is oriented toward human-centered work design and takes AI-specific design criteria into account. Furthermore, the article presents a qualification concept, which helps executives to develop, implement and establish AI applications in a socio-technical and human-oriented manner. With the help of this concept, executives and users of AI, for example, will be able to acquire the necessary competencies. In this context, the results of the practical evaluation of the concept will also be presented.

Analisis Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Konsultatif dan Beban Tugas terhadap Tingkat Komitmen Karyawan di PT. Bank BCA KCP Bali

This research aims to investigate the influence of consultative leadership style and task demands on employee organizational commitment at PT. Bank BCA KCP Bali, as well as to measure the extent to which leadership and task demands influence the organizational commitment of employees at PT. Bank BCA KCP Bali. This research was carried out at PT. Bank BCA KCP Bali with a research object population involving all employees. The number of respondents involved was 53 people. The results of the F-test (simultaneous) show that all the variables studied have a significant influence on increasing the commitment of PT employees. Bank BCA KCP Bali, with an F-calculated value that exceeds the F-table value at a significance level of □= 5%. Partially, the t-test results show that the most significant variable influences the commitment of PT employees. Bank BCA KCP Bali is a task demands variable, with a t-count value that is greater than the consultative leadership variable which has a smaller t-count value.

Achieving Organisational Effectiveness: A Leadership Framework Based on the Complexity Perspective

This paper aims to provide insights into the daunting task leaders face towards achieving organisational effectiveness in the changing and demanding business environment. We propose a leadership framework to explore the effects of different leadership roles on the organisations’ outcomes. In the proposed framework, organisations were observed as complex adaptive systems (CAS). A survey was conducted among private sector employees from companies operating in Serbia to verify the proposed framework. Answers from 277 respondents were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The applied framework provides valuable insights into the influences of different leadership roles - operational, entrepreneurial, and enabling - on organisational effectiveness. Organisational effectiveness was observed through the lens of business-related performance outcomes, organisational units’ outcomes, and individual outcomes, all together reflecting innovation, adaptability, quality, cooperation, employees’ motivation, job satisfaction, work stress level, and job insecurity. Research analysis provides evidence on the influence of complexity leadership on companies' outcomes. Additional insights are provided, having in mind that differences in the impact have been detected based on the managerial and non-managerial positions held.

ANALYSIS OF METHODS OF LEADERSHIP INFLUENCE ON CONFLICT RESOLUTION IN ORGANIZATIONS

The article analyzes the methodological tools used by organizational leaders to resolve conflict situations.The relevance of the study is due to the problem of the inevitability of conflict situations between employees in any organization. It has been noted that dysfunctional conflicts lead to time and financial losses, reduce productivity and cause stress among staff. Attention is focused on the leader's task: to be able to predict emerging, prevent emerging and resolve conflicts that have occurred. Six methods of resolving conflict situations are analyzed, described and collected in a table: mediation or mediation tools;general (ideal) model of conflict management; institutionalization and conflict reduction; authoritarian method;partner method;assessment of organizational culture. It is concluded that in order to resolve conflicts between employees, the leader must have the skills and knowledge of conflict management and be able to use different methodological tools depending on the specific situation. In the process of working on the material, the significance of the leader’s influence on resolving conflict situations and possible methods of its influence were revealed.The materials may be useful to future and current managers, as well as anyone interested in knowledge about conflict management.