Personal Leadership Research Articles

In Search of the Origin of Boko Haram’s Denunciation of Western Education

Boko Haram’s (BH) denunciation of Western education (WE) is an aspect of the movement that is widely known and which BH employed as a significant point of differentiation for advancing its cause and in attracting attention domestically and internationally. Despite its significance to BH’s ideology, there is inadequate explanation of its origin and how BH adopted it. The aim of this paper is to explain the origin of BH’s denunciation of WE and how BH finds it conveniently useful for advancing its cause. To achieve the objective of the paper, a reflexive thematic analysis approach was employed to analyze literatures on the history of WE in colonial days within the Muslim world and videos produced by BH. The paper argues that BH’s denunciation of WE can be traced back to the Muslim world’s colonial experience, its perception of WE and the responses WE’s imposition elicited among the Muslims. Muslim’s attitude is broadly classified into three: assimilation, adaptation, and rejection. Northern Nigerian Muslims initially rejected WE but eventually adapted it. This article shows that not only that BH exploited this earlier history of rejection but the rejection also evolved overtime from partial to total rejection. The rejection was precipitated by the personality of BH leaders, secular Nigerian system’s systemic exclusion of those educated under Islamic system. Nigeria’s government and relevant stakeholders should therefore focus on blending Western and Islamic education particularly in the North and create employment opportunities for the educated.

Influence of School Principal's Attributes and 21st-Century Leadership Skills on Teachers’ Performance

This study aimed to determine the influence of school principals' attributes and 21st Century Leadership skills on teachers' performance. The study is as follows. The teachers in the northern part of the National Capital Region are female, teacher I position, have rendered 5 – 14 years of service, and pursued higher studies after college. The teacher's attribute that influences the teacher's job performance is openness. The School Head always comes up with new ideas. They have an active imagination; creative is a deep thinker and values artistic experiences. He is dependable, organized, and persevering, which means they will accomplish their professional goals. The 21st Century Leadership Skills of the school principal that dominantly influence the teacher's job performance is the communication skills. The school head is approachable, gives clear and accurate information and instructions both in oral and written communication, discusses issues and feedback in school, listens to and appreciates teachers' ideas and suggestions, and communicates with his/her staff regularly. The teachers' performance is very satisfactory as perceived by their school heads during 2019 – 2020. There is a significant difference in the attributes, 21st-century leadership skills of school heads and teachers, job performance when grouped according to schools division office, and years in service. Significant relationships exist between the principals' attributes, 21st-century leadership skills, and teachers' job performance. Personal attributes and 21st-century leadership skills of the school principals significantly influence the teachers' job performance

The experiences of physiotherapists and occupational therapists working as rehabilitation ward leaders

Background/Aims Rehabilitation teams have piloted the deployment of physiotherapists and occupational therapists into the role of ward leader. This was the first research study designed specifically to explore the experiences of physiotherapists and occupational therapists working as ward leaders on wards with a patient rehabilitation focus and how to optimise this workforce transformation. Methods An interpretivist qualitative study was designed to enable the detailed exploration of physiotherapists' and occupational therapists' working experiences during their time as ward leaders. A total of 11 physiotherapists and occupational therapists with between 6 months' and 3 years' experience of working as ward leaders participated in semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis was undertaken. Results Four themes were derived from the data analysis that related to participants' experiences: becoming a rehabilitation ward leader; responsibilities of physiotherapists and occupational therapists; perceptions of the role; and impact of allied health professionals in ward leader roles. Although taking on the role of a rehabilitation ward leader was reported as ‘challenging’, participants would recommend it. Success was perceived by interviewees to be relative to the presence of personal leadership qualities, the belief of the individual in their unique skill set and the confidence in the leadership team to value the unique and shared skills of the profession or individual and thus reinvent the role. Conclusions This study identifies the key attributes that evidence the unique contribution that physiotherapists and occupational therapists working as rehabilitation ward leaders can make. The findings of this study are significant and highly relevant for the ongoing pandemic, which has seen a need for increased rehabilitation capability.

Which Traits and Leadership Styles Best Predict Job Performance? A Machine Learning Approach

What are the most important antecedents of employees’ job performance? Two influential research streams have identified a wide range of personality traits and constructive leadership styles as independent predictors of job performance. However, virtually all past research has assessed the contributions of a few constructs at a time, leaving several open questions: Which personality trait and/or constructive leadership style matters most for high job performance? As a group, are personality traits or constructive leadership styles more relevant for job performance? Which are the strongest personality-constructive leadership interactions that predict job performance? Given the large number of personality and constructive leadership predictors identified in the literature, answering these questions using traditional regression-based approaches is not feasible. This research adopts a machine learning approach (i.e., a gradient boosting model) with a large-scale field study of 5,849 employees to answer these questions. The machine learning results revealed optimism and leader-member exchange are the most predictive personality and constructive leadership variables; concluded that as a group, personality traits and constructive leadership styles have equivalent predictive power; and identified multiple novel personality × constructive leadership interactions. Our research highlights that machine learning methods can help generate novel theoretical and practical insights in the organizational sciences.

Leiders gezocht

In this article, the authors investigate the character of spiritual leadership by ministers in the Protestant Church in the Netherlands. They determine that the Protestant Church has become plural in character, especially regarding faith experience. The authors refute the tendency in practical theology to focus on personal leadership. Spiritual leadership in the contemporary church requires a dynamic equilibrium of personal qualities, expertise and a suitable ordination.

Exploring Perceived Differences of Social Entrepreneurs, For-Profit Entrepreneurs, and NPO-Leaders

Social enterprises (SEs) strive for the fulfillment of a social mission based on an elaborated income strategy. Consequently, they are largely conceptualized as hybrid enterprises combining logics of traditional non-profit organizations (NPOs) and for-profit enterprises (FPEs). This is sound on the organizational level, however, it remains unclear to which extent the perception of SE-leaders on the personal level mirrors this hybridity as previous studies’ scope is limited to (i) a comparison of only two of the three organizational forms and (ii) leader self-reports. Therefore, in the current study, we examine perceived personality traits, work-related values, leadership styles, and leader attributes of SE-leaders compared to FPE- and NPO-leaders. Using a vignette-based, comprehensive experimental design with a sample of business students (N = 170), we found that whereas notable differences in personality and leadership comparing SE- and FPE-leaders exist, SE- and NPO-leaders were perceived as not different. Based on our findings, theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

American Latter-Day Saint Business Leaders: A Meta-Ethical, Prosocial, and Transformational Leadership

This article seeks to understand how religion informs the managerial discourse of American managers and business leaders who are members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, commonly known as the "Mormon Church". These managers represent an active, if not hyperactive, minority in the American managerial landscape but academic studies about them are extremely limited. We rely on interviews with 12 American managers from this church to understand how their beliefs and the history of their religion influence their managerial vison and practices. Our findings reveal a religiously-informed managerial approach with an ethic of genuine care for individual well-being as a way to attain collective success. This approach is based on five empirical principles: first, active faith leading to personal and collective transformational leadership; second, a search for divine guidance or "revelation" in the decision-making process; third, a "spirit of Deseret" culture that fosters unity in diversity in a "beehive" organizational culture; fourth, goodwill as a source of mutual trust and loyalty; and fifth, a family-oriented business culture. The discussion portrays these religiously-driven managers by also evoking the limits of their prosocial and transformational leadership.

Research on the Effect of Narcissistic Leadership on Employee Job Embeddedness.

Narcissistic leadership is the synthesis of narcissistic personality traits and leadership behaviors that are motivated mainly by self-interest needs and arrogant beliefs. Such leadership style has multiple effects on organizations and employees. The amplifying influence of narcissistic leadership on their subordinates has become a hot topic in the field of organizational behavior. Based on the social exchange theory and the resource conservation theory, the current study constructs a chain mediation model of narcissistic leadership affecting employees’ job embeddedness with 405 corporate employees as survey respondents. The results of data analysis show that narcissistic leadership is significantly and negatively related to employees’ job embeddedness; Leader-member exchange (LMX) and perceived insider status not only play a mediating role between narcissistic leadership and job embeddedness but also play a chain mediating roles in the relationship between narcissistic leadership and job embeddedness. Our findings deepen the theoretical exploration of narcissistic leadership and help all types of organizations to improve their leadership practices.

Principle Centered Management and Multitasking Strategies in Fostering Organizational Effectiveness

This investigation tried to find out the relationship of principle-centered management, multitasking strategies and organizational effectiveness among the public elementary teachers of San Francisco District, Division of San Pablo City. School based management and teachers? performance serve as to dependent variables of the study and were observed carefully as to its possible relationship with principle centered management and multitasking strategies. The respondents of the study were one hundred eighty-six (186) teachers in San Francisco District for the school year 2021 ? 2022 using a survey questionnaire through google forms as the main instrument in gathering the data. Simple descriptive statistics like frequency, percent, mean and standard deviation were used to describe the person ? related factors and perceptions of the respondents while the Pearson ? product ? moment correlation coefficient was used to identify the relationship. Hypothesis was tested at 0.05 probability level. Majority of the respondents are female, teaching 5 years and below, and having Teacher I positions. Most of the respondent graduated their Bachelor?s degree with M.A. units. Respondents perceived that principle centered management as highly practiced particularly personal vision, personal leadership, personal management, interpersonal leadership, emphatic communication, creative cooperation and balanced self-renewal.

Manifestations the Wisdom and its Dimensions in the Speeches of the Kings of the Sargonic Dynasty

The research aims, as appears from its title, to study an important and prominent aspect of the leadership personality of the kings of Assyria. The nature of its features and dimensions are embodied in the contents of the speeches of the kings of the Sargonic dynasty and their immortal exploits in managing the relationships of their vast kingdom and addressing its various issues with a high level of wisdom and acumen that aims to look with insight and contemplation. In the depths of matters and their details, extrapolating events, studying them, extracting experiences from them, and judging them. Every statement or discourse that called for an honor, an exhortation, a reminder, a censure, or a prohibition against an ugly act represented one of the aspects of wisdom they had in cultivating souls, achieving justice, acting upon it, and arranging matters toward their correctness. Proceeding from this vision, the study came to investigate the manifestations of wisdom in the sayings of these kings and their correspondence, and to know its dimensions by standing at some of their behaviors and knowing the truth of their policies in managing their kingdom.

Turist Rehberlerinin Kişilik Özelliklerinin Liderlik Davranışlarına Etkisi

Amaç ve Önem: Bu araştırmanın amacı turist rehberlerinin kişilik özelliklerinin liderlik davranışlarına etkisini belirlemektir. Araştırma kapsamında literatür taraması yapılmış ve yapılan literatür taraması sonucunda turist rehberlerinin kişilik özelliklerini araştıran sınırlı sayıda çalışma olduğu; liderlik davranışları açısından incelendiğinde liderlik davranışları üzerine çok fazla sayıda çalışma yapıldığı; ancak, turist rehberleri özelinde liderlikle ilgili çalışmaların da sınırlı olduğu fark edilmiştir. Ayrıca, turist rehberleri ile ilgili kişilik özellikleri ve liderlik davranışları değişkenlerini birlikte araştıran herhangi bir çalışmaya rastlanamamış olması ve bu kapsamda turist rehberlerinin kişilik ve liderlik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi, işveren konumundaki seyahat acentalarının kendi turist gruplarına uygun özelliklere sahip turist rehberlerini seçmelerine imkân verirken; turist gruplarının da daha kaliteli hizmet almalarına olanak sağlayacaktır. Bununla birlikte literatürde turist rehberlerinin hem liderlik hem de kişilik özellikleri değişkenleri ile çalışmaların artmasına katkı sağlayacaktır.Yöntem: Yapılan literatür taramasında hem kişilik özellikleri hem de liderlik davranışları ile ilgili çalışmalarda genel olarak nicel yöntemler kullanılmıştır. Yapılan bu araştırmada da nicel veri toplama yöntemlerinden anket tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Turist Rehberleri Birliğine (TUREB) kayıtlı 8891 eylemli turist rehberi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada kolayda örnekleme seçilmiştir. Araştırma verileri Şubat-Mayıs 2019 tarihleri arasında çevrim içi olarak toplanmıştır.Bulgular: Turist rehberlerinin beş faktör kişilik özellikleri incelendiğinde en yüksek ortalamaya sahip boyutun sorumluluk olduğu; en düşük ortalamaya sahip boyutun ise nevrotiklik (duygusal dalgalı) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Liderlik davranışları ölçeği üç boyut olarak belirlenmiş ve üç boyut içinde en yüksek ortalamaya sahip boyut görev davranışı olurken en düşük ortalamaya sahip boyut değişim davranışı olarak belirlenmiştir. Yapılan regresyon analizi sonucunda ise beş faktör kişilik özelliklerinden sadece sorumluluk boyutunun liderlik davranışlarını etkilediği diğer kişilik özelliklerinin ise liderlik davranışlarını etkilemediği tespit edilmiştir. Liderlik davranışları ölçeğinin genel ortalamasının iyi düzeyde olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca liderlik davranışları ölçeğine uygulanan güvenilirlik kat sayısı 0,896 olarak belirlenmiştir.Özgünlük/Bilimsel Katkı: Konu ile ilgili literatür incelendiğinde, beş faktör kişilik özellikleri değişkeni ile turist rehberleri özelinde yapılan çalışmaların son yıllarda artmaya başladığı ancak, halen sınırlı sayıda çalışmanın olduğu görülmüştür. Farklı değişkenlerle, farklı evren ve örneklemlerle kişilik özellikleri ve liderlik davranışı ile ilgili birçok araştırma yapılmasına rağmen kişilik özellikleri ile liderlik davranışını turist rehberleri özelinde araştıran herhangi bir çalışmaya rastlanamamış olması bu çalışmanın yapılması gerekliliğini doğurmuştur. Bu çalışma kişilik özellikleri ile liderlik davranışı literatüründeki boşluğu doldurmanın yanı sıra ilgili paydaşlara (seyahat acentası, üniversitelerin turizm rehberliği bölümleri, TUREB, Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı vd.) katkı sunacak nitelikte bir çalışma olmasından dolayı bu çalışmanın özgün olduğu düşünülmektedir.Sınırlılıklar: Bu çalışmanın çevrim içi ortamda turist rehberlerine ulaştırılması ve verilerin çevrim içi olarak toplanması Türkiye’deki rehberlerden veri elde etmeyi güçleştirmiştir. Turist rehberlerinin çevrim içi olarak gönderilen linkleri doldurmayı unutması; ayrıca, turist rehberliği alanına özgü kişilik özellikleri ve liderlik davranışlarını araştıran başka çalışmalara rastlanamaması dolayısıyla diğer çalışmaların sonuçlarıyla bu çalışmanın sonuçlarının karşılaştırılamaması; zaman açısından sınırlı bir sürede araştırmanın uygulanması ve turist rehberlerinin çalışma dönemlerine denk gelmesi araştırmanın sınırlılıklarını oluşturmaktadır.

How the mighty are fallen: Evaluating Abe Shinzō's leadership capital in crisis

Japanese prime ministers have traditionally been seen as consensus-builders, lacking flair, charisma and the skills to be anything other than reactive leaders, constrained by a political system which privileged a strong bureaucracy and Liberal Democratic Party structures. Recent literature has, however, begun to explore prime ministerial agency, considering the ways in which Japanese prime ministers have been able to demonstrate stronger leadership not only because of an expansion of their power resources in the core executive and the party, but also because of their individual leadership skills, style and personal attributes. Drawing on studies which have highlighted the impact of Japanese prime ministerial agency, this article uses the Leadership Capital Index (LCI) alongside insights from crisis management literature to explore the latter months of Abe Shinzō's premiership. It considers the ways in which personal factors interacted with institutional and situational factors in shaping Abe's political authority during the final year of his prime ministership, with a particular focus on the pandemic period. It asks why, when Abe had otherwise been considered one of post-war Japan's strongest and most decisive leaders, did he fall short during the Covid-19 crisis? To what extent did his personal skills and leadership style help or hinder his ability to lead during the crisis? The article suggests that the LCI offers insights into ways in which, and why, Abe's apparently strong leadership skills went missing in action during the global pandemic.

School middle leaders as instructional leaders: building the knowledge base of instruction-oriented middle leadership

PurposeThis paper aims to explore developments over the past 25 years in the knowledge base on instruction-oriented middle leadership in schools. The authors document the trends in the literature since middle leadership began to attract scholarly interest in the late 1990s and explore the shifting structural and content patterns in the knowledge base.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use a topographic methodology to analyse both structural elements and major results drawing from 147 peer-reviewed journal articles.FindingsThe authors draw on the review's outcomes to propose a model that frames a core set of middle leaders' instructional leadership practices. They also identify the personal, departmental, organizational and external influences shaping middle leadership practices and identify a lack of research conducted outside Anglo–American societies. This gap in the literature suggests the need for the increased study of middle leadership in different national settings and systems and how these influence the practice and enactment of middle leaders around instruction. There is also a need to employ a greater range of methodologies to understand middle leaders' instructional roles.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper lays a foundation for the future development of middle leadership for instruction and highlights signposts to guide future inquiry.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the middle leader knowledge base by focussing on their enactment of instructional leadership.

The perspectives of faculty around factors affecting the development and sustainability of educational scholarship: A qualitative content analysis

Background: New horizons have been opened for educational excellence in medical universities by commencing the role of scholarship for medical teachers in recent years. The low rate of faculty reception towards educational scholarship and their low interest in continuing scholarly activities indicated a need for the current study. Methods: In this qualitative research, a non-probability purposive sample of thirteen participants(n=13) engaged in two focus group discussions (FGDs), consisting of executors, collaborators, consultants, and referees of university or national educational processes in the last ten years. Participants were asked several critical questions concerning factors affecting educational scholarship development and sustainability. Qualitative content analysis with a conventional approach was used to analyze the data obtained from the discussions. Results: Merging the codes extracted from the two FGD sessions and repeated review yielded 101 codes classified into two themes: educational scholarship development and sustainability. In all, 19 categories were identified: personal commitment, educational requirements, financial support, faculty development, team building, information resources, educational leadership and management, institutional motivation, culture building, individual characteristics, outcome evaluation of educational scholarship, material and spiritual support, mentorship, sustained training, supportive learning environments, curriculum development, organizational administration and leadership, application of results, and publication of results. Conclusion: Our findings show that encouraging educational scholarship among faculty members and ensuring the sustainability of innovative educational processes are influenced by factors rooted in both individual and institutional dynamics.

Invasion of Ukraine: Observations on Leader-Followers Relationships.

This paper illustrates how and when the personality characteristics of a political leader can initiate and/or become intertwined with societal and political processes. We are not suggesting that “real world” issues and secondary process calculations are not important or should be discarded in favor of psychological considerations. Instead, we suggest that psychoanalysts and psychodynamically informed mental health professionals can contribute to a more complete analysis of political or societal processes and the personalities of leaders who play major roles in them. Only through such interdisciplinary work can we fully understand the complex and intertwined nature of the crucial events that shape political leaders’ internal and external worlds.

Redeveloping Leadership Training for Higher Trainees in the West Midlands

AimsMany of the competencies that trainees in psychiatry are required to achieve can be linked to leadership in the broadest sense, yet specific training is not often systematically provided. The West Midlands Psychiatry Leadership Development Programme aims to support the acquisition of important leadership skills already set out in the curriculum through provision of high-quality specialist leadership content within the existing programme. Here we present the findings of a scoping exercise exploring the views and attitudes towards leadership training held by higher trainees in psychiatry within the West Midlands.MethodsAll psychiatry higher trainees within West Midlands Deanery were invited to complete an anonymous online survey using Survey Monkey in November 2021. This survey incorporated questions about their preferred learning styles, confidence in their leadership skills and barriers to accessing leadership opportunities, generating both quantitative and qualitative data.ResultsKey results included: •37 responses were received. All subspeciality training programmes were represented. Almost half of respondents (46%) were ST6 or above and most were in training full time (84%).•Trainees expressed a preference for experiential learning about leadership (87%) as well as small group teaching (62%) and interactive workshop style content (62%).•Awareness of leadership opportunities was typically via their peer group (81%) or clinical supervisor (60%). Only 52% of trainees were aware of leadership opportunities within the Deanery.•Only 54% felt that existing leadership training met their curriculum requirements. Less than half of trainees (46%) felt confident to evidence their leadership experience within their training portfolio.•One-fifth of trainees (21%) reported experiencing barriers to leadership development. These included: inadequate awareness of opportunities, lack of senior support, time constraints and difficulty matching interests with available opportunities.ConclusionTrainees expressed interest in the redevelopment of a regional leadership training programme which would support them to achieve their curriculum competencies and prepare them for life as a consultant psychiatrist. The new multi-faceted regional leadership programme will offer resources in a variety of formats including webinars, podcasts, optional interactive workshops and action learning sets. It is hoped that this flexible programme, linked to the Medical Leadership Competency Framework, will better meet the needs of higher trainees as they pursue their own personal leadership journeys.

How Does Perceived Support for Innovation Lead to Deviant Innovation Behavior of Knowledge Workers? A Moderated Mediation Framework.

Many studies concerning deviant innovation behavior mainly focus on the influence of personality differences or leadership styles, and there is a lack of attention given to internal cognitive factors related to actors. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to examine the internal mechanism of perceived support for innovation on deviant innovation behavior. A two-wave study was conducted among 393 knowledge workers from 10 knowledge-intensive enterprises in the People's Republic of China. Model 4 and Model 14 from SPSS macro PROCESS are used to test the mediating effect of innovation commitment and the moderating effect of threatened self-identity, respectively. The findings suggest that perceived support for innovation can significantly predict deviant innovation behavior; innovation commitment fully mediates the relationship between perceived support for innovation and deviant innovation behavior; public threat to self-identity plays a moderating role in the relationship between innovation commitment and deviant innovation behavior; and public threat to self-identity moderates the mediating effect of innovation commitment on perceived support for innovation and deviant innovation behavior. This study enriches the research on antecedent variables of deviant innovation behavior, and highlights the important role of situational factors on the whole mechanism.

The Escapades of the Desert Fox

Erwin Rommel is often identified as one of the most successful and influential generals of his time period. This literature review analyses his strategies and their application in military situations during World War 1 and 2. Furthermore, this paper looks at the strategy of Bernard Montgomery, often regarded as Rommel’s military counterpart. This paper then compares their strategies and analyses military conflicts between these two generals and the reasons for either success or failure. Previous research has covered the subject of these conflicts, but most fail to address the reasons behind each failure or success, and the link to these generals' ideologies. To accomplish this goal many biographies and autobiographies, as well as letters of these two men, were consolidated and selected for this paper. The major findings of this paper show how Rommel’s initial military success is owed to his ruthless personality and upfront leadership, while his defeat was caused by failing German resources and standards, as well as having to face an equally stubborn, better equipped and strategic foe in Montgomery.

Manajemen Krisis Ekonomi dalam Pemikiran Umar Bin Khattab

The economic crisis is not only happening now but has been going on for a long time. Among them during Umar bin Khattab. In this study, the method used is descriptive qualitative, by using content analysis techniques and library research techniques. Among the strategies carried out by Caliph Umar bin Khattab was the management of Baitul Mal by maximizing Zakat, Ushr and other opinions, conducting a special distribution pattern related to the distribution of food fairly and equitably, and the personal leadership factor of Umar bin Khattab.

The impact of leadership traits and organizational learning on business innovation

The severe impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has forced many organizations to close or even shut down temporarily. In the literature, previous attempts have pointed to the role of leaders and learning in supporting firms to innovate and overcome such harsh and turbulent situations. This study investigates how different leadership personality traits affect business innovation both directly and indirectly through organizational learning. A total of 638 samples were collected from leaders working at tourism firms in Vietnam and analyzed using a quantitative approach and the partial least squares-SEM technique. The findings revealed that leadership personality traits, such as core self-evaluation, narcissism, the need for achievement, and risk propensity, have direct or indirect effects on business innovation. Moreover, knowledge acquisition, knowledge distribution, and knowledge interpretation are three organizational learning subprocesses that play mediating roles in the relationship between leadership traits and business innovation. Based on these findings, this study makes recommendations for tourism businesses to recover and develop sustainably following the pandemic.