Lead Screw Research Articles

Position control of Stewart platform with electric linear actuator

In recent decades, several technological applications have depended on manipulators like Stewart platform due to its accuracy and precision. Based on actuation type, Stewart platforms could be rotary or linearly actuated. Electric linear actuators are devices commonly consist of DC or AC motors coupled with lead screw or mechanism of gears and spindle which are used to convert rotary motion into linear (push or pull) motion. To increase accuracy and precision and achieve the desired linear actuator response, controllers should be used. The main aspiration of this work is to investigate the feasibility of using PID controllers for position control of Stewart platform with linear actuators. The mathematical model has been derived and the model transfer function has been obtained. To meet the required response of performance characteristics, the PID controller has been designed based on analysis of root-locus. Model simulation analysis has been carried out on both MATLAB and Simulink. For the electric linear actuator, comparison between the obtained response and the results of Ziegler-Nichols tuning method has been discussed on basis of the specifications of the time response. The PID controller parameters for the electric linear actuator has been tested experimentally and compared with simulation results.

Analysis and Experimental Verification of a Magnetic Lead Screw Actuator With Step Skew Structure

Analysis and Experimental Verification of a Magnetic Lead Screw Actuator With Step Skew Structure

A hybrid modeling method for predicting the cutting force in whirlwind milling of lead screw

Analyzing the cutting force in the process of lead screw whirlwind milling can help us understand the processing quality and processability. Whirlwind milling is a process in which multiple cutting tools are driven by the cutter head to sequentially cut and process the workpiece. The cutting force changes periodically in the process of lead screw whirlwind milling. Analyzing the cutting force of the nth cutting needs to consider the influence of the previous n-1 cutting. This paper employed a hybrid method combining mathematical modeling and finite element analysis to predict the cutting force in lead screw whirlwind milling. Firstly, the tool motion path of lead screw whirlwind milling is analyzed by considering the influence of cutter inclination angle and relative tool-workpiece motion. The relationship between the nth tool path and the (n-1)th tool path is analyzed by considering the feed motion of the tool and the rotation motion of the workpiece. Furtherly, mathematical models of the nth tool path and the (n-1)th tool path are established. Then, based on the established mathematical models, the three-dimensional geometric model of the tool and workpiece is established by three-dimensional software. The establishment of the workpiece geometry model considers the influence of the previous n-1 cutting. The tool geometry model rotates along the (n-1)th cutting path, and the tool intersects the workpiece. Finally, the finite element model of lead screw whirlwind milling is established based on the above three-dimensional geometric model. The periodical cutting force in the lead screw whirlwind milling is obtained by simulating the nth cutting with the finite element model. The relevant lead screw whirlwind milling experiment was carried out to verify the reliability of the model prediction. The appropriate processing parameter range of lead screw whirlwind milling is obtained through the process parameter optimization.

Modelling and motion characteristics of a new multistage lead screw telescopic mechanism

This paper presents a novel multistage electric telescopic mechanism. The mechanism is composed of multistage lead screw mechanism and multistage telescopic sleeve mechanism. It has the advantages of large stroke, large load and anti-sticking. Moreover, it has superior lateral bearing capacity and can be used in both transverse and longitudinal heavy load conditions. The force of the mechanism is analysed and the motion principle of the mechanism is expounded. Its mathematical model is established and its motion characteristics are studied. The speed, displacement and force data of the lead screw are analysed to verify its reliability and stability. The appropriate design parameters are obtained through the combination of experiment and simulation.

Design and Optimization of a Novel Electronic Mechanical Brake Actuator Based on Cam

The electronic mechanical brake (EMB) is considered an ideal actuator for brake-by-wire systems. We applied the negative radius roller cam mechanism as the clamping mechanism of the EMB, solving the problem of large size, poor load-bearing capacity, and the inefficiency of the existing EMBs. When designing a cam as a clamping transmission mechanism, it is necessary to take the pressure angle, contact stress, motion law, etc., as goals and constraints. Existing design methods cannot easily solve this problem. Therefore, we propose a new analysis method from the cam profile and combine it with an improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to design the cam profiles. This method can handle various complex goals and constraints of the EMB and obtain the required negative radius roller cam profile. Finally, the logical consistency of the profile-based analysis method was verified, and the EMB design objectives and accuracy were compared using ADAMS. Under the same conditions, the result showed that the optimized cam mechanism requires only 40.52% motor power and only 65.65% clearance elimination time compared to the EMB with the lead screw mechanism.

AN INNOVATIVE WAVE ENERGY CONVERTER FOR MARINE DATA BUOY APPLICATIONS

A current research focus is on how to give steady and dependable power to offshore equipment with unique power needs, such as marine data platforms and buoys that are located far from the coast. Most of these gadgets currently make use of photovoltaic power generation, high- capacity batteries, and routinely replace electrical supply systems. Wave energy is being examined as a solution due to the significant reliance of photovoltaic power generation on solar radiation and the expensive cost associated with frequent battery replacements. Wave energy converters (WECs) are machinery that transform wave energy into electrical energy. Their main benefit is a steady supply of electricity. In this study, a brand-new integrated wave energy converter for marine data buoys is proposed and examined. It has great dependability and low maintenance costs. A magnetic lead screw (MLS)-based direct-drive energy conversion unit serves as its central component. To maximise its power production, the device can passively track the buoy' s pitching status as it is being affected by waves. Voltage, current, and power for marine data buoys were measured using specific data values that were depending on the turbulence. In order to improve the system's accuracy and decrease power dissipations, artificial neural networks (ANN) are used. Using the necessary power for the data buoy and the remaining energy stored in the electric battery to power another marine system INDEX TERMS: - Oscillating-body buoy, magnetic lead screw, and wave energy conversion.

A Review and Comparative Study on the Design and Analysis of Magnetic Lead Screws

A Review and Comparative Study on the Design and Analysis of Magnetic Lead Screws

Experimental investigations and error analysis on 3-PRS parallel kinematic machine

Industrial robots play a predominant role in factory automation particularly in the area of machining like grinding, cutting, milling, drilling, polishing etc. In these applications serial manipulators could not provide rigidity and accuracy. This research focuses on the need for precise angular drilling applications. Generally, special fixtures are used to make angular hole in drilling machines. In this research, the 3-PRS (Prismatic – Revolute – Spherical) parallel mechanism is redesigned to execute angular drilling operations. The moving/mobile platform (MP) of the proposed manipulator is utilized as worktable. The experimental model is fabricated with lead screw and nut pair to obtain precise position of drill tool and to maintain high stiffness. By varying the geometric parameters, the positions of parallel kinematic machine (PKM) are analysed. Moreover, the orientation error and parallelism of the developed PKM are studied in detail using laser torch and height gauge. Further, the PKM positions are simulated through ADAMS software package and the same is compared with the real-time accelerometer values. From the experimental study, the deviations in orientation, parallelism and position of the PKM are found to be minimal and satisfactory.

Perancangan Mesin Potong Torch Asetilen Dengan Gerak 2Axis Menggunakan Sistem Kontrol Arduino

The problem of the oxy-acetylene welding plate cutting tool that is commonly used today is still in a manual way, and is not equipped with driving equipment. This results in the performance of the oxy-acetylene welding plate cutting tool when cutting is not optimal and efforts need to be made to improve the cutting tool in order to facilitate work. The purpose of this research is to produce a construction design of an automatic oxy-acetylene welding plate cutting tool. and can determine the suitability of mechanical components with the arduino control system used. The working method of the tool design process includes work preparation, data collection and making the formulation of problems and objectives to be achieved. Literature study by looking for articles, which are updated to produce solutions to existing problems. Making component and assembly designs and simulations by making calculations and uses on the mechanical construction and control systems used. Using the application of the ZW3D licensed computer aid design program, this research created a design for oxy-acetylene welding plate cutting tools by combining oxy-acetylene welding with stepper motors driven by Arduino control. Producing automatic motion with x and y axes, so that it can facilitate cutting work. The size of the designed tool is 700 mm x 700 mm x 800 mm. From the calculation, the maximum torque required by the plasma cutting table is 0.218 Nm, and the maximum power is 6.845 Watt. The motor chosen is a Nema23 stepper motor because the price is relatively cheap and in accordance with the calculation specifications. Lead Screw is used as a converter of rotary motion from stepper motor into linear motion, with specifications used with diameter = 8 mm, length = 500 mm and pitch = 2 mm.

Real Time Monitoring of Axis Movement of Lathe Machine Tool

Abstract: The lathe machine has two axis i.e longitudinal and transverse which are manually controlled by rotation of handwheel. This leads to error causing dimensional variation This research paper presents a real-time monitoring system for a transverse axis movement of lathe machine tool that uses a 400-pulse rotary encoder to measure the rotation of the lead screw in degrees from 0° to 360°. An Uno Arduino is utilized to set the program of the encoder shaft's rotation and the program of 360° rotation of the encoder, which is connected to the lead screw of the lathe machine through a muff coupling. When the lead screw rotates 360°, the tool moves forward by 10.20mm for a cut. Three displays are used to display the rotation of the encoder, the count of rotation, and the cut of tool. An SMPS power supply is employed to provide electrical power.

Android Based Motorized Screw Jack for a Four Wheeler

Abstract: With the increasing levels of technology, the efforts being put to produce any kind of work has been continuously decreasing. The efforts required in achieving the desired output can be effectively and economically be decreased by the implementation of better designs. Power screws are used to convert rotary motion into translatory motion. A screw jack is an example of a power screw in which a small force applied in a horizontal plane is used to raise or lower a large load. The principle on which it works is similar to that of an inclined plane. The mechanical advantage of a screw jack is the ratio of the load applied to the effort applied. The screw jack is operated by turning a lead screw. The height of the jack is adjusted by turning a lead screw and this adjustment can be done either manually or by integrating an electric motor.

Stability and infinite static stiffness of hydrostatic lead screw compensated with a single-action membrane restrictor

Stability and infinite static stiffness of hydrostatic lead screw compensated with a single-action membrane restrictor

Design and Analysis of Automated Scum Removal and Filtering System for Jaggary Plant

An automated Scum Removal Machine is used to remove Scum produced during the production of Jaggery. Scum Removal is done by a manual method in our country. This project aims to develop an Automated Scum Removal Machine. The Scum removal machine can be adopted in the medium and large-sized jaggery production industry. This machine makes the process simple, easy and fast. It eases human effort and no requirement for skilled workers to operate the machine. It consists of the base, stands, leads screw, horizontal arm, thrust servo motor(0.5hp),shaft collectors, pan and multilevel filtration system.The stand and lead screw is mounted on the base and the horizontal is attached to the screw through the stand.The horizontal arm carriesa slow-speed AC servo motor and this AC servo motor runs the collector's through a vertical shaft. upward and downward movement of the arm is controlled by a lead screw which is controlled by switches.A multi-level filtration system is placed under the pan. The scum that is collected in the collector is lifted by raising the arm. Hence, the pure form of juice can be obtained from the above process. There is no availability of an Automated Scum removal machine.

Monitoring for Temperature of Three Phase Induction Motor at Chemical Industry Using Internet of Things

Induction motor is the most motor applicable in the world. especially three phase induction motor. Furthermore 95% of induction motor are used as propulsion in industry. However, maintenance costs are large enough more than 50% of operating costs of the industry or the factory. To reduce these costs is to detect early faults in induction motors. One way to detect initial faults is to measure and analyze the temperature of the induction motor. In this research, the authors design temperature monitoring of a three-phase induction motor using the internet of things to make it easier for users to monitor the temperature of an existing three-phase induction motor and to schedule maintenance if temperature reach the operating limit. The field system elements consist of SoC ESP32 to collect data from 2D temperature, to drive lead screw and to send data to cloud. The SoC ESP 32 is connected to the AMG8833 temperature sensor array which collect the frame of temperature of a three-phase induction motor in the form of an 8x8 array. In addition, the SoC ESP32 is also connected to the motor driver L293D to regulate the movement of geared DC motor. Geared DC motor is used to drive the lead screw which already has a mount for placing the AMG8833. From the test on 18.5 kW, 360V induction motor installed in chemical industry, it is obtained the sensor can measure temperature accurately and it travel smoothly above frame. In the storage using MongoDB database, the data transmission fulfilled the QoS requirement.
 

A New Wave Energy Converter for Marine Data Buoy

Providing stable and reliable power supply for offshore equipment with special power requirements, such as marine data platforms and marine buoys far away from the coast is currently topical research issue. At present, most of these devices use photovoltaic power generation or install high-capacity batteries and carry out regular replacement of electricity supply schemes. Due to the high dependence of photovoltaic power generation on solar radiation and the high cost arising from frequent battery replacements, wave energy is considered as a solution. Wave energy converters (WECs) are devices that convert the energy stored in waves into electrical energy, and its main advantage is the sustainable supply of electricity. In this article, a new built-in wave energy converter with high reliability and low maintenance costs is proposed and investigated for marine data buoys. Its core is a direct-drive energy conversion unit based on a magnetic lead screw design. The device can passively follow the pitching state of the buoy under the impact of waves to maximize its power generation. The proposed WEC is introduced and investigated through model analysis and prototype experiments. The experimental results confirm the power generation performance of a 50 kg power generation prototype and show the advantages of the proposed device.

Rancang Bangun Rangka dan Penggerak Mesin FDM Berbasis Arduino Tipe XZ-Head

FDM is an AM method that is currently being developed due to the flexibility of the object geometry that can be formed. This study aims to design the frame and drive of the XZ Head type FDM engine. Stress simulation was carried out to determine the safety factor in the frameXZ design. Lead screw parameters in the form of torque, shear stress, axial stress, and critical load were calculated to determine the torque requirement of the driving motor. The value of the linear axis of the stepper motor was calibrated to determine the dimensions of the printed output. Based on the simulation, the dynamic and static stresses on the XZ frame were 1.9 MPa and 2 MPa. The yield strength was 55 MPa with a safety factor of 28. The results of the calculation of the lead screw torque (TR) and (TL) were 18.27 N.mm and 6.60 N.mm. The calculated nominal shear stress of the screw () was 0.43 N/mm2, the axial loading stress () was -0.62 N/mm2, and the critical load (Wcr) was 9986.41 N. The difference in dimensions of the measurement results in the X and Z planes was 0.22 and 0.17 mm larger than the target dimensions of 20 mm.

Decomposition of trajectory errors caused by flexibility outside the control loop based on the frequency-domain machine tool mechatronics model

Under high-speed and high-acceleration conditions, flexibility outside the control loop (FOCL) is one of the critical incentives for trajectory errors (TEs). Because the FOCL will deform and vibrate under the action of inertial forces, which leads to TEs. FOCL contains multiple components, and the contribution of each component to TE needs to be evaluated. This paper first proposes a frequency domain dynamic model-based multi-axis machine tool trajectory tracking simulation method and a FOCL-induced TE decomposition method. Then using the proposed methods, quantitatively evaluates the contribution of different components of FOCL to TE caused by FOCL and discusses the dominant influencing factors. The mechatronics model of the machine tool is established in the frequency domain. This allows the lead screw to be equivalent to the spectral beam element, which is generated using the exact solution of the governing differential equations and can describe the lead screw’s higher-order dynamics with fewer degrees of freedom. The TE of the test trajectory is calculated using a setpoint-trajectory-based numerical method. Using this method, the calculated TEs have the same reference and can be directly subtracted to achieve TE separation. Hence, the decomposition of TE caused by FOCL can be achieved by further calculating the TE of the tool center point (TCP) trajectory that only considers part of the FOCL components and subtracting it from the TE of the feedback trajectory.

Complibot: A compliant external pipe climbing robot

The article presents the design of Complibot, a robot with a novel gripper for pipe climbing. The mechanism of the gripper involves the use of a bistable buckled beam, which is a type of bistable compliant mechanism. The bistable buckled beam in the gripper is alternately actuated between its gripped and ungripped states using a camshaft and lever mechanism, which is powered by a single DC motor. The design parameters associated with the gripper are obtained both experimentally and numerically. A proper selection of design parameters helps in the efficient functioning of the gripper. After the design of the gripper, two such grippers are fabricated and attached to each other by two stepper motor-driven lead screws to make a pipe climbing robot with inchworm locomotion. The mobility of the robot is controlled by an Arduino Uno microcontroller after the electronic components have been integrated. Finally, Complibot is subjected to a series of tests to establish its maximum load-carrying capacity when climbing a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe. Complibot is found to perform satisfactorily without slipping while climbing a PVC pipe with a diameter of 105–115 mm, a velocity of 0.2 m/min, a power consumption of 18.58 W, a maximum load-carrying capacity of 114.64 N, and a payload to weight ratio of 0.52.

Design and Fabrication of staircase elevator with lead screw mechanism for elderly people

The development of an indoor and outdoor stairlift is the primary goal of this Project. A chair that moves up and down a staircase on a leadscrew is known as a stair lift. While the primary concern when using the stairs is safety, modern, high-quality lifts come with a variety of features to maximise comfort, usability, and aesthetic appeal in the home. They are a safe and cost-effective solution to the special requirements and difficulties that people face when using the stairs, making them. With the aid of programmes like fusion 360 and autocad, we have created stairlifts designs.stair lifts are protablr cair-like mobility aids that are mounted on the side of stairways. They makes its easier for older individuals to makes between levels of ahome and allow many people with mobility challenges to live independently. Hence, we consider prototype with an different mechanism to reduce the cost of staircase with an offered price in the market everyone can and to cut down on production costs and the amount of time needed for escalators and elevators to be built, we are building a single leadscrew with stair elevator. Construction of escalators with stairs (stair lifts) that use a leadscrew mechanism to raise and lower the platform to transfer people. This aids the person who is having trouble climbing stairs.

Variable Stiffness Linear Actuator with Twin Drive Magnetic Lead Screws

Variable Stiffness Linear Actuator with Twin Drive Magnetic Lead Screws