Layer Thickness In Patients Research Articles

Evaluation of Macular Thickness, Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Ganglion Cell Layer Thickness in Patients among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Using Optical Coherence Tomography.

Background:Vascular abnormalities and microvasculopathy are one of the widely accepted factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Retinal Neuronal dysfunction and neurodegeneration are also important components in the pathogenesis of DR. However recent investigations show neurodegenerative alterations before the appearance of microvascular changes in patients having DR.Aims and Objectives:(1) To measure the macular thickness, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and ganglion cell complex thickness among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using optical coherence tomography. (2) To compare the macular thickness, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and ganglion cell complex thickness in type 2 diabetic patients with and without DR with normal controls using optical coherence tomography.Materials and Methods:Thirty Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without DR, 30 having mild and moderate DR and 30 healthy normals are taken considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Macular thickness, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, ganglion cell layer-inner plexiform layer (GCL-IPL) thickness was measured in each individual and it was compared using one way ANOVA test, post hoc test and Pearson correlation was performed to evaluate the linear correlation between variables and calculated P < 0.05 was regarded as its significance.Results:The average RNFL thickness was 90.27 ± 5.57 and 107.7 ± 5.32 um in diabetic patients and controls respectively (P < 0.001). Furthermore, for two different groups of diabetic patients, the average RNFL thickness was 89.92 ± 6.62 um in the no DR group and 78.6 ± 3.93 in the DR group (P = 0.339). The average GCL-IPL thickness was 82.65 ± 2.25 um and 92.10 ± 2.41 um in diabetic patients and controls, respectively (P < 0.001). Furthermore, for two different groups of diabetic patients, the average GCL-IPL thickness was 82.22 ± 2.11 um in the no DR group and 71.55 ± 2.34 in the DR group (P = 0.535). The average macular thickness was 238.03 ± 4.42 and 277.9 ± 5.85 um in diabetic patients and controls, respectively (P < 0.001). Furthermore, for two different groups of diabetic patients, the average macular thickness was 236.56 ± 4.10 um in the no DR group and 242.8 ± 4.95 um in the DR group (P = 0.585).Conclusion:There was a statistically significant reduction of mean RNFL, GCL-IPL and macular thickness in type 2 diabetic patients with no DR compared with a homogenous control group indicating neuroretinal changes occur before vascular changes of DR.

Study of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with glycemic control

Context: The retina of diabetic patients undergoes neurodegenerative changes, in addition to the vascular changes. Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients compared to healthy controls, using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to correlate it with glycemic control. Settings and Design: Prospective study. Subjects and Methods: A total of 90 patients were enrolled in the study. The study group included 120 eyes of 60 type 2 DM patients. Sixty eyes of 30 healthy participants served as the control group. All patients underwent an OCT scan for peripapillary RNFL thickness measurement. Metabolic control of DM was assessed using glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Statistical Analysis Used: Independent sample t-test was used for normally distributed variables. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between HbA1c and RNFL thickness. Results: Right eye RNFL thickness was thinner in diabetic patients than controls, with a statistically significant P value (P = 0.002) in the superior quadrant and inferior quadrant (P = 0.019). The average, superior, and inferior RNFL thickness in the left eye was significantly thinner in diabetic patients as compared to controls (P

Association of dipping status of blood pressure, visual field defects, and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with normotensive glaucoma.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dipping status of blood pressure (BP), visual field defects (VFDs), and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in patients with normotensive glaucoma (NTG). Our University echocardiography, electrocardiogram, 24-hour BP monitor and glaucoma database were reviewed from 2016 to 2018 to identify patients with NTG and hypertension (HTN). These NTG patients were followed for a mean 26.4 ± 13.6 months and were divided into 2 groups according to the absence or presence of VFDs. Among the 110 patients with NTG, 55 (50%) patients had VFDs. There were no differences of baseline characteristics between 2 groups. In univariate analysis, extreme dipper status at night in the 24-hour BP monitoring, HTN, age, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia were significantly associated with VFDs. In multivariate analysis, extreme dipper status at night in the 24-hour BP monitoring (odds ratio [OR] 4.094; P = .045) and HTN (OR 2.368; P = .048) were independent risk factors for VFDs at 2-year follow-up. Moreover, the RNFL thickness was thinner in NTG patients with VFDs (P < .001). VFDs group had more increased fluctuation of systolic and diastolic BP in 24-hour BP monitoring and that the extreme dipper status at night in the 24-hour BP monitoring and HTN itself were also associated with higher incidence of VFDs and thinning changes of the RNFL in patients with NTG, suggesting that more intensive medical therapy with close clinical follow-up will be required for these patients.

Longitudinal analysis of microvascular perfusion and neurodegenerative changes in early type 2 diabetic retinal disease

AimTo prospectively monitor subclinical changes in capillary perfusion and retinal layer thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes and early diabetic retinal disease over 2 years.MethodsIn this longitudinal study we...

Assessment of tear film lipid layer thickness in patients with Meibomian gland dysfunction at different ages

BackgroundTo evaluate the correlations between lipid layer thickness (LLT) and morphology and function of the meibomian glands in patients who were diagnosed as meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in different age groups.MethodsPatients who have diagnosed as obstructive MGD were included in this prospective, cross-sectional study. Patients were divided into three groups: young (ages 20–39 years), middle-aged (ages 40–59 years), and older (aged ≥60 years). All patients completed an Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire and were evaluated for LLT, tear meniscus height (TMH), noninvasive tear film break-up time (NI-BUT) measurement, invasive TBUT (ITBUT), corneal fluoresceinstaining (CFS) score, eyelid margin abnormalities, Schirmer I test, and MG function and morphology, by using the Keratograph 5 and LipiView interferometer.ResultsTwo hundred and nine patients (209 eyes) were included. The median LLT of all patient was 57 nm (IQR, 36.5 nm), and the LLT values were significantly different among the young group (median, 51 nm; IQR, 23.5 nm), middle-aged group (median, 59.5 nm; IQR 46.5 nm) and older group (median, 62 nm; IQR, 42.5 nm) (P = 0.033, Kruskal-Wallis test). In regression analyses controlling for confounder factors sex and MG loss, the LLT was positively correlated with age (β = 5.539, P = 0.001). There was a negative correlation between LLT and MG dropout in the all (r = − 0.527, P < 0.001), young (r = − 0.536, P < 0.001), middle-aged (r = − 0.576, P < 0.001), and older (r = − 0.501, P < 0.001) groups. LLT was positively correlated with the MG expressibility in the all (r = 0.202, P = 0.003), middle-aged (r = 0.280, P = 0.044) and older (r = 0.452, p < 0.001) groups, but it was no statistical significance in the young group (r = 0.007, P = 0.949).ConclusionsThe thickness of LLT was increased with age and significantly correlated with both MG secretion and morphology in middle-aged and older patients with obstructive MGD. LLT measurement is a useful screening tool for detecting obstructive MGD and age as an influential factor should be accounted for when interpreting the meaning of the LLT value.Trial registrationNCT02481167; Registered 25 June, 2015.

Longitudinal Retinal Changes Induced by Hydroxychloroquine in Eyes without Retinal Toxicity

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal changes in retinal layer thickness in patients treated with hydroxychloroquine without retinal toxicity. Methods: This is a longitudinal retrospective study of patients taking hydroxychloroquine followed in a hydroxychloroquine retinal toxicity screening program of a tertiary hospital between January 2010 and April 2019. Patients who performed 2 optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans at least 1 year apart were included. All subjects with hydroxychloroquine suspected or confirmed retinal toxicity, glaucoma, retinal pathology, or poor segmented images were excluded. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (Spectralis HRA-OCT, Heidelberg) was used to evaluate the macular area. Automatically segmented ETDRS retinal thickness maps were compared between the first and the last OCT evaluation available. Full retina (FR), inner retina (IRL), ganglion cells (GCL), inner nuclear (INL), and outer retina (ORL) layer thicknesses were measured in the foveolar, paracentral, and peripheral area. Results: The population included 144 eyes of 144 patients. The mean interval between OCT scans was 38.1 ± 18.4 months, and the mean cumulative dose was 406.9 ± 223.9 g. Foveolar (p = 0.040, p = 0.006, and p = 0.001, respectively) and paracentral (p = 0.006, p = 0.001, and p = 0.005, respectively) FR, IRL, and GCL decreased overtime. No differences were found in INL or ORL. A very weak correlation was found between age and foveal IRL change overtime (p = 0.037; R = 0.175), as well as between the hydroxychloroquine time of use and foveal GCL variation (p = 0.032; R = 0.179). Conclusion: Hydroxychloroquine was found to cause progressive thinning of the inner retinal layers, specifically in the GCL of the foveolar and paracentral areas, but no changes were observed in the outer retina.

Evaluation of macular and retinal nerve fibre layer thickness in unilateral amblyopic patients by using optical coherence tomography

Aim: To evaluate the macular and the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with unilateral amblyopia. Design: Prospective observational study. Material and Methods: 188 eyes of 94 patients with unilateral amblyopia diagnosed by difference of at least two lines between the normal and amblyopic eye on Snellen visual acuity charts was included. Statistical analysis: Unpaired sample t-test.Results: Majority of the cases was seen in age group 21-30 years with male preponderance. The average macular thickness was 271.4µm for normal eye versus 278.0µm for amblyopic eye, values by unpaired t-test was t-value=3.169, p=0.002

CHANGES IN TOTAL AND INNER RETINAL THICKNESSES IN TYPE 1 DIABETES WITH NO RETINOPATHY AFTER 8 YEARS OF FOLLOW-UP

To evaluate changes in retinal layer thickness in patients with Type 1 diabetes with no diabetic retinopathy after 8 years of follow-up. Ninety Type 1 diabetes and 60 control eyes were studied. Changes in the retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer, and inner nuclear layer thicknesses in all Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study areas were evaluated. The mean ages were 42.93 ± 13.62 and 41.52 ± 13.05 years in the diabetic and control group, respectively. In 2009, total retinal thickness was higher in diabetic patients; differences were statistically significant in all except the nasal areas. In both groups, the mean foveal thickness remained the same during the 8 years. Among diabetic patients, there was a significant reduction in total retinal thickness in all areas excluding the outer temporal one; controls only in the inferior areas. The thickness loss was due to the thinning of the inner retinal layers (inner nuclear layer, ganglion cell layer, and retinal nerve fiber layer). The controls showed a significant diminution in the retinal nerve fiber layer and in the ganglion cell layer areas. The inner nuclear layer showed a diminution in the diabetes mellitus group. Before the onset of diabetic retinopathy, Type 1 diabetes patients experience a diminution of their inner retinal layer thicknesses over time, supporting the hypothesis of retinal neurodegeneration.

Increases in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness may represent the neuroprotective effect of cannabis: an optical coherence tomography study

Although optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been used in many neuropsychiatric disorders, data on substance use disorders (SUD) are not available. The aim of this study was to evaluate ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and choroidal layer thickness in patients diagnosed with SUD especially cannabis use disorder (CUD). RNFL, GCL, IPL, and the choroidal layers of 111 patients diagnosed with SUD and 45 healthy controls were retrospectively analyzed. Fifty patients were diagnosed with CUD and 50 patients had multiple drug use (MDU). The mean age of the patient and control groups were 23.39 ± 5.53 and 28.48 ± 5.21 years, respectively. The mean duration of substance use was 3.53 ± 2.95 years. The patients had not used any substance for a mean of 121.45 ± 116.99 days. When the RNFL values of the SUD, MDU, and control groups were compared, no significant difference was found except for such components. However, there were significant differences in terms of right naso-superior (p = 0.020), right temporo-inferior (p = 0.024), right temporo-superior (p = 0.002), left naso-superior (p = 0.005), left naso-inferior (p = 0.043), and left temporo-superior (p = 0.008) between CUD and control groups. That is, RNFL values were higher in the CUD group than in the control group. Cannabis has medical uses because of its possible neuroprotective properties. Our study supports the possible neuroprotective effects associated with cannabis through RNFL data. According to our best knowledge, this is the first study investigating the association between RNFL and drugs, particularly cannabis.

Changes in inner retinal layer thickness in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration during treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor.

The aim of this study was to identify any changes that occur in the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) during treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections.Patients were enrolled in this retrospective study if they had exudative AMD, had received at least 3 injections of ranibizumab or aflibercept, and had a minimum of 12 months of follow-up. We analyzed the changes in the RNFL and GC-IPL using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in rescan mode.Fifty-two eyes of 52 patients who had been treated with repeated anti-VEGF injections for exudative AMD were included. At the final visit, there was no significant between-group difference in best-corrected visual acuity or intraocular pressure. There was a significant decrease in central macular thickness in all groups (P < .05). There was a decrease in RNFL thickness that was only statistically significant in the ranibizumab group and when the ranibizumab or aflibercept groups were combined (P = .036 and .044, respectively). The thickness of the GC-IPL layer was significantly decreased in the aflibercept and total group (P = .035 and P = .048, respectively).The thicknesses of the RNFL and GC-IPL decreased in patients with exudative AMD who underwent repeated anti-VEGF injections.

Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness Measured By Swept Source OCT in Retinitis Pigmentosa Patients

Abstract Background Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) encompasses a group of hereditary retinal diseases that result in progressive loss of rod and cone photoreceptors. It occurs in approximately one in 4000 individuals, with a worldwide prevalence of 1.5 million affected individuals. Aim of the Work This study aimed measure the subfoveal choroidal thickness and outer retinal layer thickness in patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa and correlate them with visual acuity. Methods Fifty eyes of clinically and electrophysiologically confirmed retinitis pigmentosa patients compare to fifty eyes of normal healthy individuals of the same age group as controls. Both groups were investigated for best corrected visual acuity (BCVA)(LogMAR) and Swept Source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) evaluating outer retinal layer thickness (ORL), central foveal thickness and subfoveal thickness (SFCT) and the integrity of inner segment-outer segment junction IS/OS as being (Intact (+) or disrupted (-)), Results Mean ages were 34.5 ± 11.3 years for controls versus 38.8 ±12.8 years for RP patients (p &amp;gt; 0.05). Mean BCVA (logMAR) was 0.86 for RP group vesus 0.02 for control group. Mean subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) measurements were significantly lower in RP group (288.4 µm) than control group (333.7µm) (P value = 0.008). Significant difference was found between choroidal thickness and BCVA (logMAR) (p-value &amp;lt;0.001). Presence of IS/OS was significantly correlated with BCVA (log MAR) (p value=0.0001). And finally, there was moderate negative correlation between central foveal thickness and BCVA (logMAR) (r = -0.414, p-value = 0.012). Conclusion Submacular choroidal thickness as measured by SS–OCT, is significantly reduced in patients with RP and significantly correlated to BCVA and IS/OS integrity.

The Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Patients with Alzheimer’s Dissease

The Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Patients with Alzheimer’s Dissease

Optical Coherence Tomography Measurement of Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Patients with Unilateral Amblyopic Eyes

Amblyopia is unilateral or less commonly bilateral reduction of best corrected visual acuity that cannot be attributed directly to the effect of any structural abnormality of the eye or posterior visual pathway.

Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with essential tremor and Parkinson’s disease

Amaç: Esansiyel tremor (ET) ve Parkinson hastalığı (PH) yaygın hareket bozukluklarındandır. PH’de renkli görmede bozulma ve görme keskinliğinde azalma gibi görme sorunları bildirilmiştir. Çalışmalar, optik koherens tomografi (OKT) ile ölçülebilen retina sinir lifi tabaka (RSLT) kalınlığının PH ve bazı nörodejeneratif hastalıklarda azaldığını göstermiştir. ET ve PH hastalığının benzer özellikleri olması nedeniyle, ET ve PH hastalarında OKT kullanarak RSLT'yi değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.

Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Patients with Chronic Migraine

Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Patients with Chronic Migraine

The link between central retinal thickness and retinal nerve fibre layer thickness in patients with retinitis pigmentosa

AbstractPurposeLinking central retinal thickness (CRT) with retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (RNFL) in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) patients.Methods37 patients with typical RP and 19 age‐matched controls (p = 0.352), who underwent Spectral Domain Optical Coherent Tomography of the macula and optic disc, were included. The RP group was divided in two subgroups: with clinical appearance of macular oedema (ME‐RP; 30 eyes) and without it (no‐ME; 44 eyes). Macula OCT data were averaged in three zones [Z1 (0°–3°), Z2 (3°–8°) &amp; Z3 (8°–15°)] and were evaluated in relation to the RNFL thickness.ResultsThe subgroup ME‐RP differed significantly from the subgroup no‐ME‐RP by increased CRT (Z1) and increased averaged RNFL thickness, and when compared to controls (p ≤ 0.002). No‐ME‐RP group hat reduced CRT thickness (Z1‐3; p ≤ 0.018), compared to controls and ME‐RP, whereas the RNFL thickness in the no‐ME‐RP group was reduced only compared to ME‐RP group (p &lt; 0.001). A significant positive interaction was found between the CRT (Z1 &amp; Z2) and RNFL thickness within ME‐RP (p ≤ 0.010).ConclusionThe presence of macular oedema correlated well with the increase in RNFL thickness in RP patients. Such association provide evidence for a common underlying mechanism of retinal degeneration. Simultaneous monitoring of CRT and RNFL thickness may help in the future to evaluate the progression of the disease and the efficacy of treatments for ME in RP.

Comparison of vessel density and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients between both eyes of subjects with clinically unilateral pseudoexfoliation syndrome using optical coherence tomography angiography

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of the study was to compare vessel density (VD) and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) between eyes with pseudoexfoliation material (PE+) and fellow unaffected (PE−) eyes of patients using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).MethodsA retrospective analysis of 36 eyes from 18 patients with clinically unilateral pseudoexfoliation syndrome was performed. The circumpapillary (cp) VD and RNFLT were obtained using OCTA and perifoveal, parafoveal VD and RNFLT were also calculated using OCTA. Circumpapillary parameters were obtained from octametric sections: superonasal (SN), nasalsuperior (NS), nasalinferior (NI), inferonasal (IN), inferotemporal (IT), temporalinferior (TI), temporalsuperior (TS), and superotemporal (ST) and perifoveal, parafoveal parameters were obtained in 4 different quadrants: temporal, nasal, inferior, superior.ResultsIn PE+ eyes, the cpVD was significantly lower in all eight sectors (p &lt; 0.05), while the cpRNFLT showed significant reduction in six sectors (p &lt; 0.05): NS, NI, IN, IT, ST and SN). Perifoveal VD was significantly decreased in temporal, inferior quadrant (p &lt; 0.05) and parafoveal VD was significantly lower in only temporal quadrant (p &lt; 0.05) in the PE+ group. While, significant difference was not detected in RNFLT between PE+ and PE− eyes.ConclusionsEyes with clinically unilateral pseudoexfoliation syndrome have low VD and thin RNFLT as compared to fellow unaffected eyes, but not with the all sectors. These changes appear to be associated with pseudoexfoliation material. The roles and mechanisms in pseudoexfoliative material need clarification.

Optical coherence tomography and neurodegeneration in epilepsy.

To compare optical coherence tomography measurements; central macular thickness, ganglion cell complex, and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with epilepsy versus healthy controls. We evaluated 28 eyes of 28 patients with epilepsy and 34 eyes of 34 healthy subjects. Central macular thickness, ganglion cell complex, and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measurements were performed by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Superior and superotemporal quadrant ganglion cell complex, average, and superior quadrant retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measurements were significantly lower in epilepsy group compared to healthy control subjects. Central macular thickness was significantly lower in polytherapy group compared to monotherapy group. Ganglion cell complex and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measurements were not significantly different between polytherapy and monotherapy groups. The present study shows that epileptic patients taking antiepileptic drugs have reduced ganglion cell complex and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness compared to healthy controls. This can be related to the epileptic process in the brain. Optical coherence tomography may be a useful tool for showing the neurodegeneration in patients with epilepsy.

Early visual field changes in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

To assess the visual field sensitivity changes and investigate the association between visual field sensitivity and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. In this cross-sectional and observational study, 46 patients (22 males, 24 females) with type 1 diabetes mellitus and no diabetic retinopathy formed the diabetes mellitus group and 50 age-matched healthy subjects (32 males, 18 females) formed the control group. Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, full-threshold standard automated perimetry, and short-wavelength automated perimetry were performed. Main outcomes were retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, mean deviation, pattern standard deviation, and short fluctuation. Average retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was significantly thinner in the diabetes mellitus group (p < 0.001). The mean values of mean deviation and pattern standard deviation of the full-threshold standard automated perimetry did not differ between the groups (p = 0.179, p = 0.139, respectively). Mean short fluctuation was significantly greater in the diabetes mellitus group (p < 0.001). Both mean deviation and pattern standard deviation of the short-wavelength automated perimetry were significantly greater in the diabetes mellitus group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). Pattern standard deviation of short-wavelength automated perimetry equal or higher than 1.57 dB had 91% sensitivity and 90% specificity (area under the curve = 0.969, p < 0.001) and short fluctuations of full-threshold standard automated perimetry equal or higher than 0.80 dB had 80% sensitivity and 76% specificity over detecting early retinal nerve fiber layer loss in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (area under the curve = 0.855, p < 0.001). This study showed that thinner retinal nerve fiber layer in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus may be associated with abnormal retinal sensitivity to short-wavelength stimulations in short-wavelength automated perimetry; however, retinal sensitivity to white stimulus was similar to that in healthy subjects in full-threshold standard automated perimetry.

Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Affection in Diabetic Retinopathy

Background: diabetic retinopathy is a chronic progressive, potentially sight-threatening disease of the retinal microvasculature associated with the prolonged hyperglycaemia and other conditions linked to diabetes mellitus such as hypertension. Objective: Evaluation of the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Patients and Methods: Cross sectional design;, there is greater confidence the study has internal validity due to the systematic subject selection and equity of groups being compared. This is a prospective comparative study will be carried on forty eyes in patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. All investigations were carried out at AlAzhar University hospitals. Written and informed consent were taken before the investigations. Results: The male to female ratio in our study showing in diabetic group without retinopathy 12 to 8, while in the NPDR group showing 10 to 10 with a total male to female 22 to 18 in the study. In our study, the difference between NFL thickness measurements between four quadrants (upper, lower, nasal and temporal) between Diabetic group with no diabetic retinopathy and NPDR group is significant.. Conclusion: All quadrant retinal nerve fiber layer thinning is associated with peripheral neuropathy in patients with Type 2 diabetes.