Lavender Extract Research Articles

Proteomics analysis of MKN45 cell line before and after treatment with Lavender aqueous extract.

In this study the anticancer activity of Lavender aqueous extract against MKN45 cell line was evaluated. Plant-based drugs are regarded as promising therapies. Lavender is a plant that has been cultivated from ancient times. An aqueous extract of Lavender has shown therapeutic effects on the nervous system in the high doses based on in-vivo studies. Gastric cancer is one of the frequent cancers in Iranian population. We therefore assessed the effect of Lavender upon a gastric cancer cell line. The MKN45 cancer cell line was selected for treatment with aqueous extract of Lavender. Survival of MKN45 cell line was studied in the presence of various concentrations of Lavender extract by MTT assay method. Morphological studies were performed via microscopic analyses. Flow cytometry and proteomics techniques were applied to determining pharmaceutical mechanism of lavender cytotoxic effects. The survival and morphological studies revealed anticancer characteristics of extract. Flow cytometry findings indicate that Lavender extract had a cytotoxic effect upon the cell line. Proteomics analysis identified a significant alternation in gastric cellular proteome expression after treating with the extract. Among 1000 spots, more than 700 spots showed changes in protein expression levels by informatics analysis. Of these proteins, expression of three cancer biomarkers, Annexin1, Anolase1 and HSP70 were suppressed by extract. This study suggests that Lavender extract is cytotoxic and alter protein expression in a gastric cancer cell line.

Clearance of Amyloid Beta Plaques from Brain of Alzheimeric Rats by Lavandula angustifolia

An important marker in neurodegenerative Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is abnormal production of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide leading to formation of plaques in the brain. Through decreasing Aβ aggregates, anti-inflammatory agents, phagocytosis, and proteolytic enzymes are known to decline risk of Aβ plaque formation. In the previous study we showed that aqueous extract of Lavandula angustifolia (lavender), with known anti-inflammatory effects, improves memory deficits in animal model of Alzheimer. Here, we assess if lavender play a role in clearance of Aβ plaques in the hippocampus. The Alzheimeric animals were created with intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ 1-42. To confirm formation of Aβ plaques, brain sections were stained by Congo red method. Twenty days post-injection they were administered with different doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) of the aqueous extract of lavender for duration of 20 days. Our results demonstrated that 50 mg/kg of lavender not effectively influenced the Aβ plaques. On the other hand, the herbal medicine at the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg markedly decreased the extent of Aβ aggregates. We concluded that the lavender extract dose dependently underlies elimination of Aβ plaques. The exact mechanism by which the herbal medicine removes the Aβ aggregates needs to be elucidated.

ラベンダー熱水抽出物のマウスにおける抗うつ，抗ストレス潰瘍作用

ラベンダー熱水抽出物のマウスにおける抗うつ，抗ストレス潰瘍作用

Inhibitory effect of aromatic herbs, lavender, sage and chamomile against herpes simplex virus infection

This study demonstrated anti-herpes simplex virus (HSV) activity of lavender, sage and chamomile extracts. Green monkey kidney cells were protected from HSV-2 infection by dichloromethane and methanol extract of lavender with therapeutic indices (TI) of 1.98 and 2.90, respectively when the cells were treated before viral infection. Moreover, the dichloromethane extract of chamomile showed the highest TI which was 20.74 against HSV-1 when the virus was treated during adsorption. The inhibitory effect of dichloromethane extract of lavender significantly had the highest TI (45.90) when HSV-1 was treated after viral adsorption. The highest inhibitory effect against HSV-2 was observed after treatment of the virus with methanol and dichloromethane extracts of sage, with TIs of 9.02 and 10.1, respectively. Chamomile extracts showed significant virucidal effects on both HSV-1 and HSV-2 viral particles. The inhibitory effect of chamomile extracts on HSV-1 and HSV-2 viral yield after viral replication was the highest at 30 h after treatment. Respective reductions of viral titers by 9.7 and 7.1 fold were observed when cells were treated with dichloromethane and methanol extract of chamomile. Therefore, chamomile, sage and lavender were demonstrated to possess anti-herpes simplex virus activities at various stages of the viral multiplication cycle. Key words : Chamomile, sage, lavender, herpes simplex virus (HSV), anti-herpes simplex virus.

Geometric and Histopathologic Assessment of Lavender Extracts (Lavandula stoechas) on Healing of Experimental Skin Wounds and its Comparison with Zinc Oxide on Rats

Geometric and Histopathologic Assessment of Lavender Extracts (Lavandula stoechas) on Healing of Experimental Skin Wounds and its Comparison with Zinc Oxide on Rats

A potential role of Lavandula angustifolia in the management of diabetic dyslipidemia

Diabetic dyslipidemia is a key contributor to insulin resistance and a risk factor for cardiovascular complications in patients with DM type 2. Lavandula angustifolia (lavender) is native of the northern region of Jordan and has been long used in Jordanian folkloric medicine in the management of diabetes. To our knowledge, this is the first manuscript to study the potential role of the methanolic extract of the plant in the management of diabetic dyslipidemia. Our results demonstrated in vitro inhibitory effects of L. angustifolia on both hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) and pancreatic lipase (PL) activities. The results indicated that lavender extract inhibited HSL activity in a dose dependent manner with an IC50 of 175.5 µg/ml. Likewise, it inhibited the PL activity in a dose dependent manner with an IC50 of 56.5 µg/ml. Such inhibitory activities could be attributed, but is not exclusive, to the presence of rosmarinic acid (IC50 of 125.2 and 51.5 µg/ml for PL and HSL, respectively) and gallic acid (IC50 of 10.1 and 14.5 µg/ml for PL and HSL, respectively) in the extract. Interestingly, the inhibitory pattern of the lavender on the enzymatic activities of HSL and PL matched the inhibitory pattern of orlistat. Key words: Lavender, hormone sensitive lipase, pancreatic lipase, obesity, diabetes mellitus, medicinal plants.

Aqueous extract of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) improves the spatial performance of a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most important neurodegenerative disorders. It is characterized by dementia including deficits in learning and memory. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of aqueous extract of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) on spatial performance of AD rats. Male Wistar rats were first divided into control and AD groups. Rat model of AD was established by intracerebroventricular injection of 10 μg Aβ1-42 20 d prior to administration of the lavender extract. Rats in both groups were then introduced to 2 stages of task learning (with an interval of 20 d) in Morris water maze, each followed by one probe test. After the first stage of spatial learning, control and AD animals received different doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) of the lavender extract. In the first stage of experiment, the latency to locate the hidden platform in AD group was significantly higher than that in control group. However, in the second stage of experiment, control and AD rats that received distilled water (vehicle) showed similar performance, indicating that the maze navigation itself could improve the spatial learning of AD animals. Besides, in the second stage of experiment, control and AD rats that received lavender extract administration at different doses (50, 100, and 200 mg/ kg) spent less time locating the platform (except for the AD rats with 50 mg/kg extract treatment), as compared with their counterparts with vehicle treatment, respectively. In addition, lavender extract significantly improved the performance of control and AD rats in the probe test, only at the dose of 200 mg/kg, as compared with their counterparts with vehicle treatment. The lavender extract can effectively reverse spatial learning deficits in AD rats.

Lavender as a Source of Novel Plant Compounds for the Development of a Natural Herbicide

In a previous study, lavender (Lavandula spp.) was found to be highly phytotoxic towards annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum, ARG), a major weed of winter wheat crops in Australia. This research aimed to further explore this relationship and determine the chemical(s) responsible for the observed effect. In bioassay, it was determined that the stem and leaf extract of L. x intermedia cv. Grosso ranked highest and had the potential to reduce significantly the root growth of several plant species. An extract concentration of 10% almost completely inhibited ARG root growth. When the extract was tested for stability, there was no loss in phytotoxicity after the 256 day trial. Via bioassay-guided fractionation and chromatographic techniques, it was determined that the sub-fraction consisting of coumarin and 7-methoxycoumarin was most phytotoxic towards ARG. Chemoassays of 18 structural analogues of coumarin showed that coumarin itself was the most phytotoxic and largely responsible for the observed phytotoxicity of the extract. Soil trials were conducted using pure coumarin and the lavender extract, and in both instances, shoot length and weight were significantly reduced by post-emergence application at all concentrations evaluated.

Insecticide activity of peppermint and lavender extracts isolated by different methods

Increased pest resistance against traditional synthetic insecticides is the present problem of agriculture worldwide. In addition, components of these insecticides are not easily environmentally degradable and have negative effects on human health. Thus, botanical insecticides, i.e. the agents containing natural plant compounds, are expected to be applied in the future as selective, efficacious and toxicologically-safe insecticides [1,2].

Determination of the Antioxidant Capacity of Culinary Herbs Subjected to Various Cooking and Storage Processes Using the ABTS*+ Radical Cation Assay

Culinary herbs have the potential to be a significant source of antioxidants in the diet. However, many culinary herbs are cooked or undergo some other form of processing before they are consumed as part of a meal and such factors may affect their significance as a source of dietary antioxidants. Thus, the impact of cooking (simmering, microwaving, stewing, stir frying and grilling) and storage (vinegar maceration, cold maceration and freezing) on the antioxidant capacity of common culinary herbs was investigated. Extracts of cinnamon, cloves, fennel, ginger, lavender, parsley, rose, rosemary, sage and thyme were prepared pre and post cooking or storage and their antioxidant capacities determined using the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assay (TEAC). Simmering, soup making and stewing significantly increased antioxidant capacity, whilst grilling and stir frying decreased it. Both freezing herbs at -20 degrees C and cold maceration had preservative effects on antioxidant capacity. Herbs in cold vinegar macerations for 1 week showed a decrease in antioxidant capacity compared to the control extracts. These results indicate that the potential of culinary herbs to be significant contributors to dietary antioxidant intake is significantly affected by both cooking and storage.

Plant extracts containing caffeic acid and rosmarinic acid inhibit zoospore germination of Phytophthora spp. pathogenic to Theobroma cacao

The three most important species of Phytophthora worldwide causing black pod disease of cacao are P. palmivora, P. megakarya, and P. capsici. Chemicals are effective in controlling this disease but more natural methods would be preferred. One alternative is to use natural plant extracts. Rosemary and lavender leaf extracts were found to be effective in reducing germination of P. capsici, P. megakarya, and P. palmivora zoospores when supplemented to agar plates at different dilutions. The extracts displayed the biggest impact on P. megakarya zoospores where it completely inhibited germination at a 25% dilution of the prepared extract. When applied to cacao leaf disks, rosemary extract reduced necrosis caused by P. megakarya zoospores. In a bioassay, pears first treated with lavender extract showed no symptoms of P. megakarya infection compared with the non-treated controls. Based upon HPLC analyses, the active compound in these extracts was determined to be caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid or some simple derivative thereof. When added to agar plates, synthetic caffeic acid and rosmarinic acid completely inhibited germination of P. capsici, P. megakarya, and P. palmivora zoospores at concentrations of 3 and 6 g l−1, respectively. In addition, sage and rice bran extracts, which both contain caffeic acid, were also effective in reducing zoospore germination. In contrast, inhibition of Botrytis cinerea or Trichoderma asperellum conidia germination did not occur, displaying some level of specificity. These extracts could provide an economically safe method for reducing damage caused by black pod disease on cacao until resistant varieties are developed and released.

Novel antiplatelet and antithrombotic activities of essential oil from Lavandula hybrida Reverchon “grosso”

Lavender extracts are known to produce several mild effects at central and peripheral level. However, no studies are so far available about the potential effects of lavender essential oil on the hemostatic system. In this work, we demonstrated antiplatelet properties of lavender oil towards platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid, U46619, collagen and ADP (IC50 = 51, 84, 191 and 640 microg/ml, respectively) on guinea-pig platelet rich plasma (PRP) and its ability to destabilize clot retraction (IC50 = 149 microg/ml) induced by thrombin on rat PRP. Furthermore, antithrombotic properties were studied in an in vivo model of pulmonary thromboembolism induced by intravenous injection of a collagen-epinephrine mixture in mice subacutely treated with lavender oil. In this model, lavender oil (100 mg/kg/day os for 5 days) significantly reduced thrombotic events without inducing prohemorrhagic complications at variance with acetylsalicylic acid used as reference drug. Finally, main components of the oil were studied in vitro in order to assess their antiplatelet effects, but none of them possessed an activity comparable to the oil itself. These results provide the first experimental evidence of lavender oil's antiplatelet/antithrombotic properties which could be due to a synergistic effect of its components.

Comparison of antioxidant activity of clove ( Eugenia caryophylata Thunb) buds and lavender ( Lavandula stoechas L.)

The antioxidant activity of water and ethanol extracts of clove ( Eugenia carophyllata) buds and lavender ( Lavandula stoechas L.) was studied. The antioxidant properties of both extracts of clove and lavender were evaluated using different antioxidant tests; reductive potential, free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging and metal chelating activities. The both extracts of clove and lavender exhibited strong total antioxidant activity. At the concentrations of 20, 40, and 60 μg/ml, water extract of clove and lavender showed 93.3%, 95.5%, 97.9%, 86.9%, 92.3%, and 94.8% inhibition on lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion, respectively. At the same concentrations, ethanol extract of clove and lavender exhibited 94.9%, 95.5%, 98.2%, 92.5%, 93.8%, and 96.5%, respectively. Comparable, 60 μg/ml of standard antioxidant such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and α-tocopherol exhibited 96.5%, 99.2%, and 61.1% inhibition on peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion, respectively. The both extracts of clove and lavender had effective reductive potential, free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, and metal chelating activities at all tested concentrations (20, 40, and 60 μg/ml). Those various antioxidant activities were compared to standard antioxidants such as BHA, BHT, and α-tocopherol. In addition, total phenolic compounds in the both extracts of clove and lavender were determined as gallic acid equivalent.

Antioxidant activity of some plant extracts of the family labiatae

The antioxidant activities of methanol extracts of oregano, dittany, thyme, marjoram, spearmint, lavender and basil were tested in lard stored at 75°C. The concentration of extracts in lard varied from 0.01 to 0.20%. Oregano extract was found to be the most effective in stabilizing lard, followed by thyme, dittany, marjoram and lavender extracts, in a decreasing order. The induction period of lard increased with antioxidant concentration. After the induction period, peroxide formation proceeded rapidly, following pseudo‐zero order reaction kinetics. The rate of the reaction decreased slightly with increasing plant extract concentration. Combined addition of plant extracts in lard showed a low synergistic action between thyme extract and spearmint extract.