Latin American Perspective Research Articles

The needed link between open science and science diplomacy-A Latin American perspective.

The relevance of science diplomacy and open science in today's world is undeniable. Science diplomacy enables countries to jointly address pressing global challenges, such as climate change, pandemics, and food security. Open science, promoting accessible and transparent research, plays a pivotal role in this context. Nevertheless, the degree of openness is subject to specific circumstances, contingent upon varying factors, including local knowledge and resources. Latin America has not only been at the forefront of pioneering open access strategies, making it an interesting case to study, but it has also shown a tangible interest in using science diplomacy. Our research employs a mixed-methods approach, incorporating a quantitative survey involving 50 organizations and initiatives dedicated to promoting open science in Latin America, along with two qualitative focus group studies. Our primary objective is to assess if and how these entities use science diplomacy to achieve their objectives. Non-policy entities were prioritized due to their institutional stability in the region. We highlight successful strategies and delve into the existing barriers hindering the full implementation of open science principles. Our research aims to enhance collaboration between these organizations and policy and decision-makers by providing a set of recommendations in that direction. By shedding light on the current landscape and dynamics of open science in Latin America, we aspire to focus on science diplomacy, facilitate informed decision-making, and formulate policies that further propel the region along the path of openness, collaboration, and innovation in scientific research.

Análisis bibliométrico de los estudios sobre Economía Solidaria (2013-2023).

In the last decade, research related to the Solidarity Economy (SE) has provided the framework for the establishment of an alternative development model. This research aims to present a bibliometric analysis of studies on this topic, mainly from the Latin American and Spanish perspective, from the last 10 years (2013-2023). The applied methodology is predominantly quantitative, focused on the bibliometric analysis of a sample of 487 articles published in Scopus and Web of Science, from 2013 to 2023. The software used is Bibliometrix and NVIVO 14. The main results demonstrate the increase in the impact and number of publications, as well as, the most relevant journals, authors, institutions, articles and clusters of concepts on the topic in the study period are identified. It is observed that the driving themes related to SE are: social innovation, social development, public police, entrepreneurship, among others. In research on SE, it is observed that they focus on issues related to the Sustainable Development Goals proposed by the United Nations, from the local level, that is, from the active, collective and solidarity participation of the members of a community.

Sonoridades fronteiriças: fruição e rearticulações da música pop e da música popular

This study evaluated empirical data from musical listening workshops to analyze the communicational aspects of hybrid musical productions by artists from the global South. The discourse of workshop participants open a premise to consider the mixture of rhythms, instrumentation, timbres, and bodies as the production of situated knowledge about different cultures. Thus, the activities in the workshops represent other community dynamics and new ways of populating the experience of musical fruition. Nomadism (Deleuze and Guattari) and cultural frontiers (Lotman) were used as theoretical concepts to understand the production of some artists and the shared enjoyment of their works in the workshops. This study aimed to analyze how this communicational experience can rearticulate subjectivities in a sense of alterity considering Latin American and decolonial perspectives.

Facing the Challenges of Climate Change – Latin American Perspectives

Facing the Challenges of Climate Change – Latin American Perspectives

O que (não) é Educação Estética?

ABSTRACT The article, of essayistic-bibliographic character, seeks to reflect on the uses, powers and meanings of the term Aesthetic Education in scientific research, starting, firstly, from approaches on the concept of aesthetics from the texts The Problem of Content, Material and Form in Literary Creation, by Mikhail Bakhtin and Malaise dans l’ésthetique, by Jacques Rancière, to then mobilize, from a Latin American perspective, its relations with the field of education in dialogue with Latin American authors. The text is constituted as a theoretical-methodological exercise to think the Aesthetic Education from angles and prisms still little investigated in the current literature on the subject.

Transition Paths of Brazil from an Agricultural Economy to a Regional Powerhouse: A Global Supply Chain Perspective

This study examines Brazil’s evolution from a primarily agricultural economy to a pivotal player within global supply chains, contesting the traditional view of emerging markets as mere suppliers of raw materials and labor. It closely examines Brazil’s assertive efforts and the obstacles it encounters, focusing on its role within the context of Latin America. Utilizing macroeconomic data, the research reveals the barriers to Brazil’s deeper integration into global supply chains and outlines novel strategies to enhance its global position. The findings highlight Brazil’s capacity to significantly influence and advance the global economic framework, emphasizing its vital role in redefining the narrative on global supply chain engagement from a Latin American perspective.

Pain as a disease in the new International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11): Latin American expert consensus.

Aims: Pain diagnoses in the 10th version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) did not adequately support the current management of pain. Therefore, we aimed to review the new 11th revision (ICD-11) in order to analyze its usefulness for the management, coding, research and education of chronic pain from a Latin American perspective. Methods: The Latin American Federation of Associations for the Study of Pain convened a meeting of pain experts in Lima, Peru. Pain specialists from 14 Latin American countries attended the consensus meeting. Results: In ICD-11, chronic pain is defined as pain that persists or recurs longer than 3 months and is subdivided into seven categories: chronic primary pain and six types of chronic secondary pain. Chronic primary pain is now considered a disease in itself, and not a mere symptom of an underlying disease. Conclusion: The novel definition and classification of chronic pain in ICD-11 is helpful for better medical care, research and health statistics. ICD-11 will improve chronic pain management in Latin American countries, for both the pain specialist and the primary care physician.

Can higher education contribute to trust building in a fragmented reality? A Latin American perspective

PurposeThe article aims at exploring the challenges and possibilities of cooperation of higher education in a Latin American social, political and cultural context that faces historical difficulties of integration, as well as the potential contribution of academic cooperation for global citizenship.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents a general overview of networks and international centers of academic cooperation of higher education in Latin America. The analysis comprises objectives, countries, stakeholders, activities, projects and scope. The study is based on literature on internationalization, regional integration and the development of higher education, as well as on empirical gathered with networks/centers and key actors in the field. This study was carried out as a mixed qualitative method design. Firstly, a systematic review of a literature corpus of studies produced by Latin-American scholars was performed. Semi-structured interviews were then carried out with a group of scholars who are members of networks.FindingsThe findings include a review of the role of higher education in a politically fragmented reality, a panorama of major networks and international centers of academic cooperation with emphasis on internationalization of higher education, as well as their connections. The are highlighted examples of successful initiatives of cooperation and, based on interviews, there is presented a preliminary view on cooperation and trust building from professionals in higher education in Latin America.Originality/valueIn the last decades, with the growing interest and need for internationalizing higher education, many universities have organized or joined networks and international centers. The article will contribute for mutual knowledge of these spaces, their shortcomings and potentials, thus creating conditions for dialogue among them, as well as with universities in other continents.

Official statistics and big data in Latin America: Data enclosures and counter-movements

With the rise of the data-driven economy, the state-owned sector of official statistics has been pressurised to ‘modernise’ and engage with big data. However, most of these data sources are controlled by tech corporations. We address the conflicts this brings about from a Latin American perspective through three case studies involving national statistical offices, international organisations, and the private sector. We investigate strategies for enabling data markets for official statistics and analyse how the statistical field has acted in this context. In doing so, we contribute to understanding the political economy of big data in Latin America and debates on how digitalisation encompasses the reshaping of state-business relations. Supported by secondary data and semi-structured interviews, we appraise Bourdieu's theory of fields, Marxian readings on the enclosure of commons, and Polanyi's double movement to analyse how data commodification challenges data as public goods – a fundamental principle for official statistics. The findings demonstrate that data enclosures have prevented the state's access to compiling official statistics and show that the initiatives for introducing big data in Latin American national statistical offices have involved testing data markets through public–private partnerships supported by international organisations and big tech. As a result, the statistical field has reacted to the data market with a ‘double movement’: mobilising symbolic capital such as ‘trust’ for partnering with businesses to access data and technologies and, conversely, defending the public value of data in counter-movements protective of the relative autonomy of the national statistical offices and the state's control over informational capital.

Developments, Opportunities, and Complexities in Global South Climate Litigation: Introduction to the Special Collection

Abstract This introduction presents a special collection of the Journal of Human Rights Practice, ‘Developments, Opportunities and Complexities in Global South Climate Litigation’. It conceptualizes and problematizes ‘climate litigation’ and the ‘Global South’, and brings together perspectives from a diverse range of scholars and practitioners from the Global South to advance knowledge on how climate litigation in the region has developed in recent years. The number of cases discussed, and the depth of analyses illustrate that the region is contributing to the pursuit of climate justice through litigation. The collection showcases a rich body of scholarship on climate litigation from African, Latin American, and Asian perspectives. In the face of political, cultural, and other barriers to knowledge production, contributions demonstrate nuanced, contextual engagement with climate litigation in the Global South. Therefore, this collection challenges the narrative that cases dealing with climate change and its human rights and justice implications are few and far between in the Global South. It emphasizes their relevance for the global discourse on climate litigation.

Critical Intercultural Pedagogical Experiences: The case of two public schools

This article is the result of our research interest in the concept of Critical Interculturality (CI) along with our professional pedagogical experiences at the public-school level. The experiences took place in two different regions in Colombia, Medellín, Antioquia, and Florencia, Caquetá. These experiences were initially systematized in a PhD seminar concerning Critical Intercultural theories. First of all, we conceptualise CI from a Latin-American perspective associated with patterns of power and hierarchical structures, while bringing to light other ways of being, living, and knowing. Then, we look at the current stage of English Language Teaching (ELT) Colombian scholarship on CI, which is increasingly being studied from the standpoint of theory rather than practice. Finally, we describe two experiences that highlight public school teachers’ practices from a critical intercultural view going beyond CI theory by categorising and proving that it is possible to undertake authentic critical intercultural pedagogical experiences in the EFL/ELT field.

Missing voices: Latin American perspectives in International Relations

Abstract Academics working in International Relations (IR) often portray the discipline as predominantly American. The traditional orthodox narrative of the discipline, told through the ‘Great Debates’, reinforces this, as it depicts the main scholars in the history of the discipline as primarily originating from either the United States or the United Kingdom. In fact, the most popular books covering key thinkers in the discipline feature virtually no Latin American theorists. The marginalization of voices from the global South, including women, and of non-traditional perspectives has created a knowledge gap within the discipline. To address this, this special section of International Affairs, ‘Missing voices: Latin American perspectives in International Relations’, delves into the rich tapestry of international thought on world affairs, encompassing the works of several intellectuals from Latin America. We are convinced that highlighting these perspectives is vital to dispelling myths and positioning IR in the path of a truly global discipline.

Patristic research trends in Latin America. Systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis in seven impact journals between the years 2018-2023

With the aim of identifying trends in patristic research in the continent between 2018 and 2023, a systematic literature review is made in 29 articles of seven Latin American theological journals of impact, based on a previous broader study on trends in Latin American theological research between 2018 and 2022, which could be the second phase as a deepening of that review. With a mixed methodology, several dimensions of the publications are measured: universities of greater production, the origin of the researchers, the place of women in patristic research, the main themes of the research, to finally make an interpretation of the data found and a constructive criticism, taking into account the findings of the review that precedes it to encourage research in Latin America in favor of renewal in this area of theological studies. Several topics are proposed to collaborate in the generation of perspectives: 1) to recognize and support the growth in this area of theological research in the continent; 2) to open a later phase of research in relation to the factors that lead to such research motivations; 3) to promote and project research done by women and with related contextual themes and, 4) to think about patrology in a Latin American perspective.

Insights into nutrition education: a qualitative interpretive meta synthesis from the Latin American perspective

Insights into nutrition education: a qualitative interpretive meta synthesis from the Latin American perspective

Considerations for Familial Chylomicronemia Diagnosis in the Era of Next-Generation Sequencing: A Latin American Perspective

Considerations for Familial Chylomicronemia Diagnosis in the Era of Next-Generation Sequencing: A Latin American Perspective

Letter to the editor: The use of workshops and courses in microneurosurgery training in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with a Latin American and Peruvian perspective

Letter to the editor: The use of workshops and courses in microneurosurgery training in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with a Latin American and Peruvian perspective

Secularism under Dispute: Towards Agonistic, Pluralistic, and Democratic Politics. A Latin American Perspective

Abstract This article introduces some discussion on the limitations of the distinction between laicidad and secularization in Latin America (and to a lesser extent, the notion of religious freedom), mainly highlighting the problem of the colonial origin of these conceptions and their relationship with the liberal hegemonic political framework of the field. The paper’s thesis is that the boundaries for achieving a secular context in the region are not only connected to the lack of secular policies but to the application of limited concepts on the separation between church and state, and the impact of this emphasis on a reductionist vision of the religious diversity phenomenon and its link with the socio-political processes of the region. Our propose, finally, is to review these ideas in the light of the concept of radical democracy, and the contribution of this category in the broadening of the processes of institutionalization of religious identity configurations. We will take as an example of application the debates raised by the Pavez vs. Chile case in the Inter-American Court, resolved in the year 2021.

Beyond the dominant voices: Unveiling Latin American perspectives on the international order

AbstractThe concept of international order has undergone significant evolution, but the dominant voices of great powers have often overshadowed regional perspectives, particularly in Latin America. Still, this region has played a crucial role in shaping the contemporary discourse on the international order. Today, the term is used in various contexts within Latin America, reflecting the increasing presence of nonstate actors and the interdependent nature of societies and the planet overall. This article focuses on Latin American diplomacy and civil society's understandings of international order, contending that the region has developed analytical and practical approaches that converge into a normative vision centered on international justice. Both the analytical and practical approaches view the international order as a normative concept. Civil society especially perceives the international order as a practice concept, utilizing its voice and actions as instruments for change. Yet, civil society is not monolithic, and various groups seek different outcomes. This article reviews critically analytical and normative perspectives of the international order, providing a comprehensive understanding of Latin American viewpoints through various data collection methods.

India’s G20 Presidency: Implications for the Latin American Region in the Framework of the Global South

The turbulent unipolar world order is on the descendant, paving the way for a more representative multipolar global order. One of the early signs of this trend was the emergence of the G20 as a forum seeking to shape and strengthen the international economic and world governance architecture. Since then, the G20 along with other multilateral forums like the BRICS has played a role in consolidating the identities and interests of its Global South member states. The article discusses the debate over using ‘Global South’ identity instead of ‘Third World’ image. It also provides insights into Latin American perspectives on India’s G20 Presidency and as a leader of the Global South, given the historical and contemporary strategic significance of New Delhi in the emerging multipolar world order. The article also reflects on how India engages and interacts with Latin America in light of China’s growing influence in the region.

European countries’ policies on restitution of colonial cultural property: some comments from a Latin American perspective

ABSTRACT The restitution of colonial cultural property, which is currently the subject of much debate in Europe, raises several challenges. At first glance, it requires recognizing the injustices associated with coloniality itself and determining how restitution can occur. This requires an in-depth understanding of certain aspects that are particularly challenging, for example, the complexities related to the ways in which provenance research is conceived and conducted or the role that human rights play in postcolonial contexts. At the heart of such debates seems to be the need for legal reforms and greater respect for the interests and rights of the communities of origin. Taking into account the Latin American context, this paper critically examines how colonial cultural property restitution policies in some European countries have attempted to address some fundamental aspects underlying the consideration of the Indigenous peoples involved but, at the same time, have overlooked other aspects.