Latin American Countries Research Articles

ANALYSIS OF COUNTRIES' IMAGE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THEIR CONSUMERS: THE IMPACT OF POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, AND TECHNO-SOCIO-CULTURAL DESIRE

Thel Monteiro E-mail: thel.monteiro@puc-campinas.edu.br Doctor, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas Campinas, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0290-1676 Henrique Maganin E-mail: henriquemaganin@gmail.com Bachelor, Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba Piracicaba, Brazil https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4672-0116 Sandra Fantin E-mail: sandra.fantin@puc-campinas.edu.br Master, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas Campinas, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0975-8876 Emígido Larios -Gomez E-mail: herr.larios@gmail.com Benemérita Universidade Autônoma de Puebla Puebla, Mexico https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3514-1319 Mónica Otero E-mail: monica.penalosa@utadeo.edu.co Master, Universidade de Bogotá Bogota, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2208-9224 Abstract: This study aims to deepen the understanding of marketing and the development of its strategies, with a particular focus on marketing mix management. It seeks to identify consumer perceptions from three Latin American countries regarding their national images, considering the impact of political, economic, and techno-social factors. The project employs an exploratory study design, utilizing both primary and secondary data, bibliographic research, and descriptive statistics through the country image scale developed by Martin and Eroglu (1993). According to these authors, country image is defined as the totality of all descriptive, inferential, and informative beliefs about a particular country. The study highlights the implications of utilizing marketing strategies based on these evaluations and perceptions, emphasizing the necessity of constructing a trustworthy image for consumers in the execution of goods or services. Keywords: Marketing strategy, Country image, retail. JEL classification: M30

Tracing the Scientific Legacy: Bibliometric Analysis of LATAM Research in Bariatric Surgery for 33 Years.

Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) has experienced considerable growth, addressing the challenges of obesity and its complications. The lack of a comprehensive bibliometric analysis in Latin America motivates this study, highlighting the need to understand the evolution of research in this area and its impact on clinical decision-making and health policies. A cross-sectional bibliometric study was carried out using the Scopus database. A structured search strategy was designed to identify articles related to bariatric surgery with authors affiliated with Latin American countries. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, followed by a descriptive and bibliometric analysis of the scientific production found. A total of 3553 documents published between 1991 and 2024 were included. There was an annual growth of 11%, with an average age of documents of 7.5years. A concentration was observed in some countries, notably Brazil, Mexico, and Chile. Although scientific output increased, the average number of citations per article showed a downward trend since 2003. Despite the growth in scientific production, the quality and relevance of research is questioned, especially given the decrease in the impact received. It highlights the lack of meaningful regional collaboration, which could limit the sharing of knowledge and resources. Questions are raised about gaps in research capacity and the economic and development implications are discussed. This study provides valuable information to strengthen future research in bariatric surgery in Latin America. It highlights the importance of promoting regional and international collaboration and improving research training in countries with less participation. Clinical intervention strategies can benefit from better understanding research trends and adopting evidence-based practices in a more informed manner.

Electricity subsidies targeting performance indicators in selected Latin American countries

ABSTRACT This document calculates targeting performance indicators of electricity subsidies in Mexico, Panama, the Dominican Republic, and Uruguay. To do this, beneficiary and benefit incidence indicators are calculated using official household survey data and administrative records on electricity tariffs. In addition, this paper calculates inclusion and exclusion errors in the targeting of electricity subsidies. The results show that the share of poor households that receive the subsidy is very large in Mexico, Panama, and the Dominican Republic. However, the distribution of the subsidy is regressive in absolute terms, which implies that most of every dollar spent on keeping electricity prices low will benefit the wealthiest households. This document also finds large inclusion errors suggesting that an important share of the non-poor is also benefiting from the subsidy. These results shed light on the evaluation of electricity subsidies in the region to improve targeting and optimisation of resources.

LEGITIMACY OF THE COERCIVE MEASURE OF CIVIL DETENTION IN THE EXECUTION OF SENTENCES WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF CIVIL PROCEEDINGS

Article 53 of the Code of Civil Procedure regulates coercive measures, specifically, numeral 2 of said article empowers the judge to order the detention for 24 hours of anyone who resists his order without justification. This regulation generates controversy as it is considered unconstitutional because it would violate article 2 numeral 24 literal c) of the Political Constitution of the State, in the understanding that there is no imprisonment for debt, even the terminology of detention would correspond to be used in criminal matters. Furthermore, it is questioned whether the civil judge can order detention. In this context, this article analyzes the positions against and in favor of civil detention, concluding that several Latin American countries maintain its application specifically for certain cases, whether in civil or criminal normative bodies, as a sanction for non-compliance with a civil obligation, therefore it is necessary to regulate in the Code of Civil Procedure as an express power of the judge, the civil arrest, to enforce its decisions. Emphasizing that the appropriate terminology is that of arrest for up to 24 hours, which can be dictated by the civil judge.

Changing the rules to win the game again: does presidential term-limit evasion affect measures of electoral integrity?

ABSTRACT Presidential term-limit evasion (TLE) is inconsistent with international human rights, and researchers have linked the practice to democratic backsliding. Yet, this practice has much to uncover, including how different TLE tactics (constitutional court ruling, legislative change, referendum) influence electoral integrity. We expect the increase in the incumbent advantage and the imbalance in the separation of powers obtained through TLE to affect the integrity of the subsequent elections in which the evading leader is running. To test this, we analyse an original dataset of 414 presidential terms in 63 African and Latin American countries (1988–2019), using mixed-effects models to investigate each tactic’s effect on different electoral measures, including overall quality perception, Electoral Management Body Autonomy, election day irregularities, vote buying, and intimidation. We confirm our expectations, further finding that the court mode specifically consistently precedes the worst effects on electoral quality, EMB Autonomy, irregularities, intimidation, and voter registry accuracy.

The Empty Chair. The Loss of Congressional Seats in Colombia Due to Corruption and Criminal Ties

Objective/context: This article has three objectives: to differentiate the theoretical arguments on the empty chair policy in Latin America, to analyze the process of institutional change that culminated with its implementation in Colombia, and to describe how it has been carried out between 2010 and 2024. Methodology: The methodological approach has three components: a theoretical part, a documentary component, and an empirically based analysis. The first describes the contrast between two approaches to the autonomy, control, and accountability of political parties and parliamentarians. The second reviews how these approaches are reflected in the rules on seat ownership (of parties or congresspersons/deputies), accountability, and sanctions for parties and congresspersons when they violate the law. The third consists of identifying cases of loss of seats, their analysis, and the determination of their effects. The principal sources of the study are constitutional reforms, Supreme Court rulings, and decisions of the Attorney General’s Office on convictions of congressmen. The information is complemented with journalistic reports and electoral data. Conclusions: The empty chair policy is established in two Latin American countries (Colombia and Peru). It is an effective legal norm to sanction political parties and legislators convicted for their links with criminal groups, corruption, electoral fraud, and other crimes. It has been applied in eighteen cases due to links to paramilitarism, drug trafficking, and corruption. The affected parties have decreased their electoral performance and their seats in Congress. Originality: This is the first empirical study on the subject in Colombia.

Assessing the impact of small firm dynamics on public mental health amid the pandemic in Latin America

ObjectiveThe aim of our study is to examine the relationship between the economic activity of small firms and the mental well-being of the population in five Latin American countries in the early stages of the pandemic.MethodsWe utilize the search volume of certain keywords on Google Trends (GT), such as “boredom,” “frustration,” “loneliness,” “sleep”, “anxiety”, and “depression”, as an indicator of the well-being of the population. By examining the data from Facebook Business Activity Trends, we investigate how social attention reacts to the activity levels of different economic sectors.ResultsIncreased business activity is generally associated with reduced levels of boredom, loneliness, sleep problems and anxiety. The effect on depression varies by sector, with positive associations concentrated in onsite jobs. In addition, we observe that strict Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) tend to exacerbate feelings of boredom and loneliness, sleep issues, and anxiety.ConclusionsOur findings suggest a strong association between different indicators of psychological well-being and the level of activity in different sectors of the economy. Given the essential role of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in generating employment, especially during crises like the pandemic, it is imperative that they remain resilient and adaptable to support economic recovery and job preservation. To accomplish this, policymakers need to focus on providing financial stability and support for SMEs, fostering social support networks within companies, and incorporating mental health services into workplace environments. This comprehensive strategy can alleviate mental health challenges and enhance public health resilience.

Oral Oncology: Two elective courses for advanced undergraduates - An Argentine teaching experience

The COVID-19 pandemic prompted significant adaptations in educational practices at Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, including the integration of e-learning and virtual education modalities. In response to an observed increase in advanced-stage oral cancer cases post-2020, we developed new educational strategies aimed at OC prevention and awareness. This study presents our experience with an innovative undergraduate program focusing on Oral Oncology and Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders. Two elective courses were integrated into the curriculum, featuring contributions from Oral Medicine and Pathology experts across several Latin American countries via virtual platforms. Each course provided comprehensive training, including clinical practice and telemedicine protocols for early lesion identification. A total of 107 students successfully completed the courses, highlighting the program's effectiveness in enhancing student engagement and competence in OC prevention. Recommendations from this initiative include reinforcing undergraduate curricula with OC-focused education and promoting international collaboration in higher education for comprehensive training. Future research should assess the long-term impact of such programs on early OC diagnosis and patient referral practices.

Synthesis, vibrational analysis, thermal analysis, quantum-chemical calculation, molecular docking and dynamics, DMPK and evaluation of the antichagasic potential of a fluorinated chalcone

Chagas disease affects 7 million people worldwide and is endemic in 20 Latin American countries. It is estimated to cause about 14,000 deaths annually and more than 75 million people are at risk of infection. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of new therapeutic agents. In this study, we describe the synthesis, characterization, and tripanocidal activity of the chalcone (E)-1-(4-aminophenyl)-3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)prop‑2-en-1-one (DF). The compound was characterized by spectroscopic techniques and its potential against T. cruzi was evaluated by in vitro assays against Y strain forms and in silico analyses including quantum analyses, multiparameter optimization (MPO) based pharmacokinetic prediction and molecular docking and dynamics simulations. The results of the present study show that DF has a trypanocidal effect, presents a significant reduction in toxicity compared to benznidazole, and can induce morphological changes such as cellular extravasation and the presence of pores, observed by scanning electron microscopy in addition to flow cytometry data, highlighted by staining with 7-AAD, indicative of necrosis, with better selectivity than benznidazole. Molecular docking results showed that the chalcone ligand has a higher affinity for the cruzain enzyme, calculated as -7.5 kcal/mol, forming a stable complex interacting at the benznidazole site. The pharmacokinetic study showed that chalcone has the properties of lipophilicity and polarity that favor its passive permeability (Papp), estimated in 2.1 × 10−5 cm/s in intestinal cells. These results are relevant because chalcone has been described as a molecule with the potential to inhibit growth or cause death of T. cruzi.

Neuromodulators in Skin of Color: An International Review.

As the racial/ethnic diversity of the US population grows, it is imperative for dermatologists to recognize the nuances in the aesthetic treatment of diverse populations. This comprehensive review explores the safety and efficacy of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) in skin of color (SOC) populations and highlights variations in aging patterns, skin properties, and aesthetic concerns in SOC populations. A review of PubMed/MEDLINE databases from 2004 to 2024 was performed using combinations of the terms botulinum toxin, SOC, Fitzpatrick, race/ethnicity, and Asian, Latin American, Caribbean, Middle Eastern, African, and Pacific countries. Twenty-three articles examining the use of BTX-A in SOC populations were identified. Twelve studies were from East Asia, 5 from the United States and/or Canada, 3 from South Asia/Southeast Asia, 2 from South America, and 1 from the Middle East. Available data suggest that BTX-A is efficacious and well tolerated in SOC populations. Increased SOC representation in clinical trials may guide the development of tailored treatment approaches to optimize aesthetic outcomes for patients with SOC. A comprehensive knowledge of the variations in aging patterns, skin properties, and aesthetic concerns across SOC populations is essential for providing culturally sensitive cosmetic dermatologic care for diverse populations.

Regional Workshop on Optimization of Protection in Pediatric Interventional Radiology in Latin American and Caribbean Countries.

The purpose of this article is to describe the activities developed within the framework "Regional Workshop on Optimization of Protection in Pediatric Interventional Radiology in Latin American and Caribbean countries," developed between October 16th and 19th of the year 2023 in the city of San José, Costa Rica. The workshop was carried out as part of a joint work between the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) and the World Health Organization (WHO), in cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The main objective of the regional workshop was to gather the experiences and future work planning among participants in the Optimization of Protection in Pediatric Interventional Radiology in Latin America and the Caribbean (OPRIPALC) program. It involved professionals from 14 centers across 11 countries in the region, along with 4 experts from PAHO/WHO/IAEA. The work modalities during the workshop consisted of keynote presentations, individual presentations, group work, and general discussions. An online survey was carried out after the workshop, with the objective of knowing the opinion of the event participants and determining the impact and projection of the OPRIPALC program. During the workshop the centers had to present their experiences: the use of the DOLQA dose management system was presented and work was done on the consensus document on good practices. The activities, topics and organization of the workshop were valued positively by the participants. There is unanimity among the centers that the OPRIPALC program has had a positive impact and they wish to continue actively participating in the next biennium.

Understanding the conservation-genetics gap in Latin America: challenges and opportunities to integrate genetics into conservation practices.

Introduction: Integrating genetic data into conservation management decisions is a challenging task that requires strong partnerships between researchers and managers. Conservation in Latin America is of crucial relevance worldwide given the high biodiversity levels and the presence of hotspots in this region. Methods: We conducted a survey across Latin America to identify gaps and opportunities between genetic researchers and conservation managers. We aimed to better understand conservation managers' points of view and how genetic research could help conservation practitioners to achieve their goals, by implementing genetic assessments that could effectively inform conservation practices. We distributed an online survey via four regional collaborating organizations and 32 focal points based in 20 Latin American countries. The target respondents were conservation managers of species or areas in Latin America. Results: We collected a total of 468 answered questionnaires from 21 Latin American countries. Most respondents (44%) were from an academic or research institution while non-academics were mainly from non-governmental institutions (30%) and government agencies (25%). Most respondents (65%) have performed or used genetic assessments in their managed area or species, either alone, in partnership, contracting someone else or using published results. For the majority of this group, the genetic results were relevant to their conservation management goals, helping to inform management decisions. Respondents that had not performed genetic assessments (35%) were mainly from the non-academic group, and their main barriers were limited access to funds, genetic lab facilities, and trained personnel to design studies and conduct lab work. Discussion: From the findings, we describe the current situation and provide a general diagnosis of the conservation-genetics gap in Latin America. We describe the gender gap, academic-practitioner co-development of conservation questions and projects, and the nationality and residency of Latin American conservation managers in relation to the countries where they work. We discuss opportunities to co-create research questions and co-develop studies based on conservation practitioners' needs. We offer recommendations for overcoming barriers to integrate genetic information into conservation actions, and advance agendas that fit the needs and realities of the highly heterogeneous, biodiverse and challenging Latin American region.

Integrated Management of Hazardous Solid Waste in Dental Offices of Talara (Peru) and Machala (Ecuador): A Policy Brief Comparing Two Latin American Countries

Background The improper management of hazardous solid waste in dental care offices poses significant risks to public health and the environment. Dental offices generate hazardous waste, including biological and chemical contaminants, which can lead to infections, pollution, and harm if not managed properly. Effective waste management practices are crucial, yet compliance varies significantly across regions, especially in Latin America, due to limited resources, inadequate training, and insufficient infrastructure. This study compares hazardous waste management practices in dental offices in Talara, Peru, and Machala, Ecuador, to provide actionable recommendations for improvement. Policy and Implications In Peru, hazardous waste management involves critical steps such as conditioning, segregation, transport, storage, treatment, and disposal. Compliance minimizes exposure risks and environmental contamination. Ecuador emphasizes administrative and operational aspects, including policies, records, training, and procedures. Improving practices in both countries can model enhanced waste management across Latin America. Recommendations To address challenges in Talara and similar Latin American cities, it is essential to strengthen administrative systems, increase budget allocations for waste management, and develop comprehensive training programs. Waste management should be prioritized within public policy agendas with clear guidelines and accountability measures. Both cities need improved resource allocation, modern waste treatment facilities, and centralized storage solutions. Continuous education and certification programs are crucial. Implementing integrated policies, regular reviews, and robust compliance mechanisms based on Machala’s practices can benefit other regions. Public awareness campaigns and regional collaboration through workshops and research initiatives are also recommended. Conclusions Significant disparities in hazardous waste management exist between Talara and Machala. Talara requires strengthened systems and improved infrastructure, while Machala’s practices serve as a model. Tailored interventions can enhance public health and environmental outcomes across Latin America. Regular monitoring, evaluation, and collaboration are essential for sustained improvements.

Revisiting the economic growth on Latin American and Caribbean Countries: The role of trade and democracy

Latin American and Caribbean countries have had a singular path of growth throughout their history. This paper aimed to analyze the economic growth in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) countries, setting the focus on the politics and trade outcomes. Working with a dynamic panel of biannual growth from 1981 to 2018 for nineteen countries, we apply the System Generalized Method of Moments (SYS-GMM), allowing to some covariates to be endogenous to the growth process. We do not observe income convergence in LAC countries, as well as any effect of being a democracy on growth. We found a positive and significant effect of trade measures on growth. We perform a series of alternative specifications and our main results do not change.

Recommendations for Implementing the INTERACT3 Care Bundle for Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Latin America: Results of a Delphi Method

Introduction: The third Intensive Care Bundle with Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage Trial (INTERACT3) showed that the implementation of a care bundle improves outcomes after acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We aimed to establish consensus-based recommendations for the broader integration of the care bundle across Latin American countries (LAC). Methods: A 3-phase Delphi study allowed a panel of 32 healthcare workers from 14 LAC to sequentially rank statements relevant to 7 domains (training, resources/infrastructure, patient education, blood pressure, temperature, glycemic control, and anticoagulation reversal). The pre-defined consensus threshold was 75%. Results: A total of 43 statements reached consensus by the third round, with 12 new statements emerging through rounds. The highest-ranked statements in each domain emphasized critical aspects, but successful implementation requires appropriate resourcing. Key priorities were continuous training of all healthcare workers in ICH management, establishing protocols aligned with available resources, and collaborative interdisciplinary care supported by institutional networks. Statements related to anticoagulation reversal had the highest priority. Conclusions: Consensus statements are provided to facilitate integration of the INTERACT3 care bundle to reduce disparities in ICH outcomes in LAC.

Enabling cross border open finance systems in Latin America: is consent enough to develop them?

ABSTRACT Since 2016, digital finances have been disrupted by the introduction of open banking policies, which would facilitate data sharing in this particular industry. The UK and the EU have led this approach through the adoption of legal rules that enabled data sharing between financial institutions, particularly payment services providers, under users’ permission; lately, this has been slowly expanded into other financial services and called open finance. In this respect, certain Latin American countries have followed this, particularly led by industry efforts. In contrast to the EU, where the Digital Single Market facilitates the necessary conditions for sharing data, Latin America is fragmented in this respect. As such, this permission might be a weak basis for enabling a cross-border open finance ecosystem. This contribution will explore a selected cohort of Latin American countries and assess whether it would be feasible the development of a regional open finance system.

Traditional rural dietary pattern and all-cause mortality in a prospective cohort study of elderly Costa Ricans: the Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study (CRELES)

BackgroundCosta Rica is experiencing a fast demographic aging. Healthy diets may help to ameliorate the burden of aging-related conditions. ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the association of a traditional dietary pattern and 2 of its major components (beans and rice) with all-cause mortality among elderly Costa Ricans. MethodsThe Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study (CRELES), a prospective cohort study of 2827 elderly Costa Ricans (60+ y at baseline), started in 2004. We used a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess usual diet. We calculated dietary patterns using principal component analysis. Multivariate energy-adjusted proportional-hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). ResultsOver a 15-y follow-up, encompassing 24,304 person-years, 1667 deaths occurred. The traditional Costa Rican dietary pattern was more frequent in rural parts of the country, and it was inversely associated with all-cause mortality. Subjects in the fifth quintile of intake had 18% lower all-cause mortality than those in the first quintile (HR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.69, 0.98; P-trend = 0.01), particularly among males (HR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.95). Bean intake was associated with lower all-cause mortality among all subjects (HR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.68, 0.91, highest compared with lowest tertile) and in sex-stratified analysis. Rice consumption was inversely associated with all-cause mortality solely among males (HR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.60, 0.94, highest compared with lowest tertile). ConclusionsOur results suggest that a traditional Costa Rican rural dietary pattern is associated with lower all-cause mortality in elderly Costa Ricans. Beans, a major component of this traditional dietary pattern, was also associated with lower all-cause mortality. These findings could have important implications for public health, given the nutritional transition and the reduction of intake of traditional diets in Latin American countries.

The Ukraine War and the Limits of Latin American Fence‐Sitting

Why have most Latin American countries – traditionally pro‐Atlantic and staunch defenders of non‐intervention – remained conspicuously neutral during the Ukraine War? We argue that in an increasingly bipolar context, fence‐sitting produces clear strategic gains through partner‐diversification and bargaining power. However, this strategy becomes riskier with polarisation and, at a certain point, these risks may upset benefits. We formalise this argument and examine the foreign policy trajectories of several Latin American countries in the context of the Ukraine War to illustrate how their room for diplomatic flexibility has shrunk with polarisation. As a corollary, we think of scenarios where the costs of fence‐sitting can outweigh its advantages, forcing the region to align.

Social disparities in flood exposure and associations with the urban environment in 44,698 neighborhoods in 276 cities in eight Latin American countries.

Climate change is expected to greatly increase exposure to flooding, particularly in urban populations in low- and middle-income countries. We examined within-city social disparities in exposure to flooding in 276 Latin American cities and associated features of the neighborhood urban environment. We used a spatially granular dataset of historical flood events from 2000 to 2018 to describe neighborhood flooding within cities across eight Latin American countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico, and Panama). We estimated the percentage of the population living in flooded neighborhoods, described social disparities in flooding based on neighborhood educational attainment, and compared the magnitude of disparities across and within cities. We used multilevel models to examine how city- and neighborhood-level factors are related to neighborhood flooding. We examined 44,698 neighborhoods in 276 cities from eight countries with a total of 223 million residents and 117 distinct flood events from 2000-2018. One in four residents in neighborhoods in the lowest education quintile lived in neighborhoods with flooding, compared to one in 20 residents of the highest neighborhood education quintile. Greater neighborhood flooding was associated with lower neighborhood-level educational attainment and with neighborhoods that were coastal, less dense (population or intersection), further from the city center, greener, and had steeper slopes. There was no association between city-level educational attainment and flooding. There are large social disparities in neighborhood flooding within Latin American cities. Residents of areas with lower education attainment face substantially higher risks of flooding. Policymakers must prioritize flood adaptation and recovery efforts in neighborhoods with lower socioeconomic position.

Cognitive Skills and Their Development in Early Childhood

A documentary review was carried out on the production and publication of research papers related to the study of the variables Cognitive Skills and Early Childhood. The purpose of the bibliometric analysis proposed in this document was to know the main characteristics of the volume of publications registered in the Scopus database during the period 2017-2022 by Latin American institutions, achieving the identification of 72 publications. The information provided by this platform was organized through graphs and figures categorizing the information by Year of Publication, Country of Origin, Area of Knowledge and Type of Publication. Once these characteristics have been described, the position of different authors regarding the proposed theme is referenced through a qualitative analysis. Among the main findings made through this research, it is found that Chile, with 22 publications, was the Latin American country with the highest scientific production registered in the name of authors affiliated with institutions in that nation. The Area of Knowledge that made the greatest contribution to the construction of bibliographic material related to the study of cognitive skills and their impact on growth and development in early childhood was Social Sciences with a total of 29 published documents, and the most used Type of Publication during the period indicated above were Journal Articles with 83% of the total scientific production.