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Cholangiocarcinoma: A Comprehensive Review and Update Guideline

Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare cancer of the gastrointestinal system. However, the prognosis for people with this disease has not improved in the last decade. CCA has a poor prognosis because most cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage and the availability of treatment options is limited. This literature review aims to provide information regarding the current understanding and guidelines for cholangiocarcinoma. In this literature review, we searched the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and Google Scholar using the search keywords "Cholangiocarcinoma", "cholangiocarcinoma management", "cholangiocarcinoma guidelines" taken ScienceDirect, Researchgate, National Comprehensive Cancer Network, and PubMed published in the last 10 years. From various databases, the literature used and according to the selection criteria amounted to 50 articles In the latest articles and the Cancers NCCN Guidelines for Biliary Tract Cancer in 2023, CCA treatment is carried out based on the patient's profile. Targeted therapy is an additional treatment option today by targeting the molecular profile involved in the pathogenesis of CCA. The diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma is made through histology, radiography, and laboratory examination. Based on the Cancers NCCN Guidelines for Biliary Tract Cancer in 2023, the treatment carried out consists of determining cancer staging, surgery, radiation therapy, and systemic therapy.

Assessing The Impact Of Procrastination On Workplace Efficiency And Employee Performance

Background: Procrastination with self-regulation, motivation, and emotional control as its underlying causes is a psychological issue, in addition to being a mere time management problem (Metin et al., 2016). Procrastination at work takes many forms, like employees extending deadlines, postponing their assignments, or instead of their primary responsibilities, focussing on unimportant activities. Procrastination is a serious issue that can hinder organisational success aside from being a personal struggle for employees. Organisations can boost outcomes for performance, promote a more dynamic and productive work setting, and improve employee well-being by employing targeted strategies and interventions to address procrastination. This study's main goal is to assess procrastination and how it affects efficiency at work and the performance of an employee at work, with an emphasis on finding the critical elements that influence this habit and its effects in organisational contexts. Material and Method: This research is based on secondary data. The qualitative research is done using articles which are published in academic journals of repute. The care is taken to refer only latest articles unless the article is seminal or of great importance. Results: The results indicate that procrastination significantly hampers work performance and engagement, driven by psychological factors like anxiety, environmental distractions, and organizational shortcomings such as unclear goals. Addressing these factors through engagement strategies, clear objectives, and economic incentives can reduce procrastination, leading to improved productivity and a more motivated workforce. Conclusion: Procrastination negatively impacts performance, work engagement, and productivity. Addressing it requires understanding psychological, environmental, and organizational factors. Enhancing work engagement and clear goals, reducing distractions, and providing economic incentives can mitigate procrastination. By focusing on these aspects, organizations can boost productivity and foster a more efficient, motivated workforce.

Health Quality 5.0: What Does Co-Creation Have to Do With It?

In this latest article in Leslee Thompson's Health Quality 5.0 series, she discusses the slow progress of patient engagement in healthcare over the past two decades, emphasizing the need for co-creation where patients and providers collaborate equally. It explores the challenges of overcoming traditional power dynamics and integrating patient knowledge into healthcare systems. Highlighting examples from around the world, the article identifies five success factors for global impact and stresses the importance of a holistic, inclusive approach to healthcare transformation. Co-creation is presented as essential for building resilient, high-performing health systems centred on patients' needs and experiences.

The death of Elizabeth II on Wikipedia: fleshing out freedom through technoliberal participation online

AbstractWhile journalists performed a long‐rehearsed move to announce the death of Elizabeth II on the BBC, several volunteer editors rushed to break the news in the late queen's Wikipedia article. Aside from updating verb tenses from is to was, such edits entailed a revisionist approach, with Wikipedians seeking to shape how the British royals would be portrayed online. Tracing the negotiations and edit wars on the English‐language Wikipedia surrounding this event, this article asks: to what extent does collaborative textual production subvert individual authorship in favour of knowledge co‐production and collective authorship? Drawing on an online ethnography on Wikipedia's metapages, I propose technoliberal participation as a framework to flesh out how internet users frequently perceive whatever is available online as a property of the collective. Online projects such as this self‐styled ‘free encyclopedia’ maximize their participants’ freedom to express themselves while setting them free from a sense of long‐lasting commitment to the project. Considering the place of technoliberal participation in several online settings, I argue that the perception of digital technologies as neoliberal tools to address neoliberal problems sets out freedom as a watchword around which content authorship is not erased, but reframed, via a responsibility‐free, do‐it‐yourself media ideology.

Green Growth oder Postwachstum – einige Anmerkungen zum Beitrag von Fabian Lindner

Abstract In his latest article in this journal “No growth is no solution either – a critique of degrowth and post-growth approaches”, Fabian Lindner takes up an important debate: Can the goals of the Paris climate conference – limiting global warming to no more than +1.5 °C compared to the pre-industrial age – be reconciled with continued economic growth or does it require a shift away from economic growth, as suggested by the post-growth approach? Some further considerations are presented here for discussion.

Kobieta z drugiego planu. Katarzyna Konstancja z Niszczyckich Towiańska i jej polityczna działalność w burzliwych czasach przełomu XVII i XVIII w.

A woman in the background. Katarzyna Konstancja Towiańska, née Niszczycka, and her political activity in the turbulent period of the late 17th and early 18th century The article deals with the figure of Katarzyna Konstancja Towiańska, née Niszczycka, a relative of Primate Michał Stefan Radziejowski. Its purpose is to shed light on Towiańska’s activities and her unofficial influence on the clergyman’s political endeavours in 1680–1705. They were associated with the events of the interregnum following the death of John III in 1696, when Radziejowski found himself in the party supporting the French candidate. Towiańska played a key role during the interregnum from the point of view of canvassing for support, then the split election and finally the Łowicz Rebellion. In the following years, during the reign of Augustus II, Towiańska engaged in political manoeuvring, at one time declaring allegiance to the monarch, at another showing deference to his opponents and even favouring the idea of dethroning the monarch and electing his successor, designated by Charles XII. However, Towiańska’s political activity in the background was much broader in scope and included patronage for offices and in the affairs of the clergy, matchmaking in marriages that determined political sympathies, and attendance at public events in the presence of the king. For services rendered, Towiańska and her family received specific favours from their protector, Primate Radziejowski, in the form of official patronage, landed estates, bequests and legal protection. Concluding the article, the author sums up Towiańska’s political successes and failures, and addresses the opinion about her as the cardinal’s mistress and her influence on Radziejowski’s political plans.

In memory of Igor Nikolaevich Kiselyov (03/15/1947 - 01/19/2024)

This memorial article is dedicated to the memory of Igor Nikolaevich Kiselyov, a man who did a lot in the field of informatization of historical science and archival business. Igor Nikolaevich started working as a quantifier historian, a specialist in the field related to the application of mathematical methods and computer technologies in historical research. He actively participated in research projects on historical demography and other areas of historical science, in 2002 for a series of works on the history of the Russian population in the 1930s, Yu.A. Polyakov, V.B. Zhiromskaya and I.N. Kiselyov were awarded the V.O. Klyuchevsky Prize of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In the 1990s, the main Igor Nikolaevich became interested in archival issues: issues of informatization of archival business, creation and analysis of online archival resources. Igor Nikolaevich was one of the leading experts in the field of historical informatics, was a member of the Council of the Association "History and Computer", conducted teaching work as an associate professor at the IAI of the Russian State University. The article uses the memoirs of colleagues, materials of publications by I.N.Kiselyov in historical journals, in the journals "Domestic Archives" and "Archivist's Bulletin", "AIK Newsletter". as well as materials about his leadership in the development of the Concept and Program for the Informatization of Archival Affairs in Russia, the first version of the Archives of Russia portal, and participation in many archival information projects. The article highly appreciates the research work of I.N.Kiselyov and his scientific and organizational activities at the Rosarchive, where he headed departments related to informatization, the organization of research work of the Federal Archival Service of Russia and the introduction of automated archival technologies. Igor Nikolaevich was seriously engaged in both theoretical and methodological problems of archival science. Literally until the last day, Igor Nikolaevich conducted active scientific and organizational work in breakthrough areas of archival science. His latest article "On the use of artificial intelligence in text recognition" was published in the first issue of the VNIIDAD Bulletin posthumously, and a joint scientific report "The use of artificial intelligence in document management in archives: practice, trends and prospects" was presented by his colleagues after Igor Nikolaevich passed away.

Procyclicality of the Financial Systems in Emerging Economies

This research aimed at examining the procyclicality of financial systems in emerging economies, with a particular focus on the role of loan loss provisions. In total, 318 articles were initially retrieved, which after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, led to final selection of 15 relevant and latest articles. From the literature reviews, it was found that financial systems in emerging economies exhibit procyclicality behaviour, corresponding to economic cycles. Loan loss provisions, as a key component of bank financial statements, play a significant role in the procyclicality of lending activity. Studies from various countries, including African economies, Jordan, South Africa, Kenya, and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, reveal both pro- and counter-cyclical patterns of loan loss provisions. The degree of procyclicality is influenced by factors such as bank capitalization, bank size, competition, business cycles, macroprudential policies, and the regulatory and supervisory framework. Notably, the findings suggest that policy makers and banking authorities need to address the procyclicality of loan loss provisions and implement effective macroprudential policies to mitigate the impact of economic cycles on lending activities. The study recommends that financial institutions should develop robust risk management practices to better manage economic fluctuations and reduce the impact of procyclicality.

Kuršėnų Stasio Anglickio progimnazijos pedagogų komandinio darbo analizė

The pedagogues could realise the goals set to the educational organisation and achieve high and qualitative work results solely by acting in a professional and coherent manner. For this, the cooperation inside and outside the organisation is required. Therefore, it is important that the pedagogues of educational organisations acquire the basics of teamwork. Relevance of the topic is conveyed by means of a contract research in order to assess the teamwork in the educational organisation. Theoretical aspect of the article topic was revealed by analysis and generalization of the scientific literature by Lithuanian and foreign authors as well as by the latest articles in the research area. The „Team Plus“ testing method was selected for the diagnostic research. Upon analysis of the scientific sources it was established that the main and the most essential advantages of the teamwork include more qualitative work results, lower labour costs, more opportunities to reveal personal talents, openness to innovations, flexibility and ability to adapt to changes, and a better emotional state of the members. The conducted diagnostic research revealed that expression of the teamwork in the teams working in the educational organisation is more positive than negative. The obtained results of the research may be significant for development and formation of teams in educational organisations. Keywords: team, teamwork, teamwork analysis, educational organisation.

Oligometastatic carcinoma prostate - An overview of the last decade.

Oligometastatic prostate cancer (OMPC) has gained profound interest lately due to its different tumor biology and our ability to use multimodality therapy for cure or prolonged survival. Selecting the appropriate patient for treatment has become the aim of treating urologists, medical oncologists, and radiation oncologists. Through this review, we try to highlight the management of OMPC in light of recent literature. Literature search was performed on Pubmed, Scopus and Embase using keywords "Oligometastatic", " Prostate Cancer" using operators such as "And" & "Or". Relevant articles were screened and all the latest articles on this emerging entity were included in this review. All trials relevant to oligometastatic prostate cancer defining the role of surgery, radiotherapy and systemic therapy were included and appropriate inferences were drawn. Relevant studies were compiled in tabular form for this article. The current standard of care of management for OMPC remains systemic therapy on the lines of hormone-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer. The evolving role of surgery, and radiotherapy along with systemic therapy is highlighted in this article.

Results and implications for future beach school practice

In the latest article in this series, Amy Borrett shares the findings of her research exploring whether beach school could be a beneficial form of outdoor learning, and the implications for practice.

Гадаад хэл сургалтын арга зүйн хөгжлийн чиг хандлага

In the article, the author made an analysis on the latest articles about teaching theory and practice. Based on the analysis, she defined the dominant approaches of foreign language teaching methodology development. According to the author, there are following approaches:
 
 Communicative approaches to foreign language teaching. For example, teaching inter-cultural communication
 Develop lingua-cultural personal from all perspectives
 Introduce the innovation technology on foreign language teaching
 Use latest information and communication technology
 Update assessment system of learners’ knowledge, ability and skill
 Qualify foreign language teachers and improve the teacher training system
 Innovate the system to prepare specialists with foreign languages
 Develop and implement national standard to teach the first and second language in the framework of national education standard

In memory of Arkady Filippovich Oskin

The publication is dedicated to the memory of the veteran of the Association of Researchers "History and Computer" (AIC), who passed away on June 28, 2023. Its authors, members of the AIC, touched upon his research and teaching activities, paying special attention to his long and extremely fruitful cooperation with the Association: participation in its seminars and conferences, publication activity, work in the AIC Council, involvement of modern computer science methods to extract new historical knowledge, contribution to the development of the main areas of priority for the AIC, popularization of historical informatics among historians and students, the introduction of its approaches in the educational process. Arkady Filippovich's latest article in the journal "Historical Informatics" (No. 2 for 2023) is devoted to one of the most popular areas of historical informatics now - the use of artificial intelligence technologies in historical education. In total, the number of his published works exceeds 300, of which 45 were published under the auspices of the AIC. Many of these works can be found on the AIC website. We, historical researchers, AIC members, students, close people, have lost a wonderful scientist, a wise teacher, an irreplaceable colleague, a good friend.

Positioning play

Have you ever re-stacked the dishwasher after someone else helped you to load it? The position of objects is very important at times and even adults may become obsessed with putting things in order or straightening a picture on the wall. The latest article in this series explores this in more detail. Positioning–children show an interest in where things are, positioning items in lines, rows or by size. They may be fascinated with different types of lines (vertical or horizontal) or walk around sand tray edges or balance on walls. Some children may even prefer certain foods not to touch other foods or may be interested in the position of their bodies by lying on floors or under tables.

Editor's Choice Articles for February.

Editor's Choice Articles for February.

Monkeypox 2022

Introduction: Monkeypox is a rare zoonotic disease that is caused by a virus belonging to the Orthopoxvirus genus and is closely related to smallpox and cowpox viruses. The emerging epidemic amid the current COVID-19 pandemic is a matter of concern and warrants urgent public health attention with key issues discussed in the article. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore emerging zoonotic, epidemic threats, future implications, and the way ahead in respect of monkeypox. Methodology: Secondary data from official government sites, press information, latest articles, newspapers, and the WHO website were extracted and discussed in the article. The current epidemiology of monkeypox with the difference from the COVID-19 pandemic is highlighted in the study. The most probable factors for the emergence and recent outbreak are also discussed. The period of the study was from May 20, 2022, to May 27, 2022, and was conducted in the medical college of Western Maharashtra. Results and Discussion: Total number of 25 articles/government/international websites were assessed. While comparing the number of cases among different countries across the globe, the present outbreak has involved different countries with no geographical continuity, with a maximum number of cases from Portugal, Spain, and the United States of America. A comparison of epidemiological determinants of COVID-19 and monkeypox was done which reveals the lesser pandemic potential of monkeypox as compared to COVID-19. Conclusion: The present monkeypox outbreak scenario is different from the previous outbreaks, but with lesser pandemic potential as compared to COVID-19. However, with the increase in the incidence of monkeypox cases in different countries, the fear of cross-border transmission is real. Robust public health surveillance and control measures are vital to address this threat.

Tomato flu outbreak in India: Evolution, epidemiology, preventive strategies, and way ahead

Abstract Introduction: Just as the world recovers from the throes of the COVID-19 pandemic, there are reports of monkeypox virus infections in previously unaffected regions. To add another communicable and contagious outbreak to the list, India is witnessing many Pediatric cases of Hand Foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) Aim: To explore the key Epidemiological aspects of Tomato flu, including the difference between the current outbreak and classical HFMD. Materials and Methods: Secondary data from official government sites, press information, latest articles, newspapers, and the WHO website was extracted and discussed in the article. The current Epidemiology of the Tomato flu with a difference from the typical hand foot and mouth disease is highlighted in the study. The most probable factors for the starting point of the emergence of communicable diseases like COVID-19, Monkeypox, and the current tomato flu epidemic in Kerala across the country are also highlighted. Results: Total number of thirty-two articles/government/international websites were assessed. The current study highlights the current epidemiology of Tomato flu, including difference from classical HFMD. The most probable reasons for Kerala being starting point of emerging diseases like COVID-19, Monkey pox and Tomato flu are highlighted. Preventive strategies including steps taken by government and way ahead are also discussed. Conclusion: The study highlights that Current Tomato flu presentation is quite different from classical HFMD. Surveillance, Screening, Personal hand hygiene, and isolation of cases are preventive measures that can be adopted. It is imperative to raise awareness and promote personal hygiene among children, parents, and schools with immediate effect.

About Caucasian Migration and Ukrainain Neolithization

In recent years, Ukrainian archaeologist V. O. Manko has been boldly revising key positions in traditional ideas about the Mesolithic and Neolithic of South-Eastern Europe, to which his latest article in the journal Arheologia, written in co-authorship with the Georgian researcher G. L. Chhatarashvili, is devoted. The article begins with a call to abandon the traditional definition of the Neolithic, proposed by the classic scholar of prehistory V. Gordon Childe (the Neolithic is the era of the invention and spread of the reproductive economy) and replace it with an innovative one: the Neolithic is an information system. Since everything in the world is a system, the question arises: What is the meaning and benefit of such an innovative definition of the Neolithic? The co-authors of the article resolutely reject the Balkan-Danube version of the neolithization of Central-Eastern Europe, particularly Ukraine, founded by the already mentioned G. Child, as the brainchild of “improper research methodology”. Of course, the classics are also wrong, but a discussion with serious scientists requires serious argumentation, which, unfortunately, is catastrophically lacking in V. O. Manko’s constructions. The researcher proposes to replace the classical version of the neolithization of Europe from the Balkans through the Danube to the Caucasian route of the movement of Neolithic colonists to the Northern Black Sea; however, the arguments for his alternative are clearly insufficient. V. O. Manko boldly solves the complex problems of the genesis of a number of Mesolithic cultures of Ukraine and the Caucasus: Hrebenyky, Kukrek, Shpan-Koba, Swider, Mariupol and others. Loud revolutionary statements not supported by proper arguments and facts look like unconvincing declarations, which give rise to doubts and a skeptical attitude of the reader towards them. I will not claim that all the cultural communities highlighted in the article are illusory, and the migration routes from the Middle East through the Caucasus to the Black Sea region are ephemeral. However, the scant information on the typology of the flint inventory of cultural communities provided by its authors and clearly insufficient illustrative material in most cases does not allow imagining what it is actually about. Therefore, the topic chosen by the authors of the article of systematization of the cultural communities of the Mesolithic of the Caucasus and their cultural connections with the Black Sea region is definitely relevant, but its solution is complicated by the significant defects of the source base of the region and poor argumentation of the proposed hypotheses. Perhaps if the authors did not try to solve all the problems of the Mesolithic of the Caucasus and its neighboring regions in one article, then their conclusions would be more thorough, convincing and understandable for the readers.

New Industry Paradigms May Overwhelm Dynamic Capabilities: Different Competitive Dynamics Around Tesla and Chinese EV Start-Ups

ABSTRACTThis is a follow-up discussion about the Chinese electric vehicle (EV) sector, in particular the relative prospects of traditional automotive manufacturers and new ‘species’, four years after our last conversation on this topic (Jiang & Lu, 2018). It is also a response to Murmann and Vogt's (2022) latest article, which goes beyond Teece's (2019) focus on dynamic capabilities and constructs a systematic framework of firm capabilities to understand the competitive dynamics during a transformational shift of products.

Research Trends in the Use of Augmented Reality in Engineering Education: A Bibliometric Analysis

<span lang="EN-US">This study aims to report on the overall research trend of research progress in the Augmented Reality (AR) field in engineering education. The research method used is bibliometric analysis (BA) using VoSviewer. The data is taken from the Scopus database. The findings show an increasing trend in citations and publications showing interest in using AR over the last decade. AR research in engineering education started in 2006 until now. Screening of selected articles from 2012 to 2022. The screening process based on inclusion and exclusion included the chosen language in English and based on the publication of final articles, resulting in a total of 858 articles. The results reveal that augmented reality, engineering education, and mobile learning are the most used keywords in the article. In contrast, the focus of the new article tends to be on augmented reality. In addition, the results show that the latest articles mostly focus on virtual and mobile learning. The most frequently used words in the abstract are engineering education, student, e-learning, education, and teaching. Recent articles have largely focused on students' and teachers' knowledge of technology-based learning. Billinghurst, Dede, and Martin are the most cited authors in this field, as they are the principal authors of AR. The journals cited are Computers & Education, Coeur Workshop Proceedings, Computers in Human Behavior, and the Journal of Science Education and Technology. The journal is the most prominent on the use of technology in education.</span>