Lateral Incisor Agenesis Research Articles

Dental Anomalies in Different Types of Cleft Lip and Palate: Is There Any Relation?

The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of dental anomalies in Turkish patients with different types of cleft lip and palate (CLP) and investigate the relationship between the type of cleft and the dental anomaly. Eighty-eight patients with cleft lip and/or palate (mean age: 14.1 ± 6.4 years) were enrolled in this retrospective study. Dental models, panoramic radiographs, and intraoral photographs of these patients were evaluated to detect any maxillary dental anomaly (number and size anomalies). Two hundred fifty unaffected subjects (mean age: 15.2 ± 7.2 years) composed the control group. Data were evaluated using the independent t test, χ, Fischer exact test, and the odds ratio. Dental anomaly frequency was significantly higher in the cleft group compared with the control group. Tooth agenesis was the most common dental anomaly, followed by microdontia and supernumerary tooth. Lateral incisor agenesis was seen in 69% of the unilateral CLP, in 78% of the bilateral CLP, and in 18% of the cleft palate patients. A significant association was revealed between the right unilateral CLP and the right lateral incisor agenesis (P = 0.0001), the left unilateral CLP and the left lateral incisor agenesis (P = 0.002), and the bilateral CLP and the bilateral lateral incisor agenesis (P = 0.0001). Dental anomalies are more frequently seen in patients with CLP compared with the general population. There is a relationship between the cleft type and the ipsilateral lateral incisor agenesis.

Management Of Mandibular Lateral Incisor Agenesis With Skeletal Class III Malocclusion by Space Closing Technique

Background: Patients with congenital absence of a mandibular lateral incisor are often found having difficulty in achieving adequate functional occlusion. It may affect esthetics, mastication, speech, and occlusal balance. Purpose: This paper reported an agenesis treatment of one mandibular lateral incisor case using a space closure method. Case: A twenty-three years old female patient with agenesis of tooth 42, mandibular anterior crowding, multiple diastema on mandibular anterior teeth, and skeletal class III malocclusion. Case Management: Space closure method was chosen to correct the agenesis by considering the class III skeletal malocclusion and multiple diastema condition. Conclusion: Space closure method treatment improved the patient’s facial and dental esthetics, and it provided a good functional occlusion, despite the absence of a mandibular lateral incisor, which generally impairs the adequate incisal guidance.

Agenesis of the upper lateral incisors: Study of an orthodontic population and clinical illustration

In his daily practice, the orthodontist is regularly asked to treat patients with one or more missing teeth. Considering their functional and esthetic specificities, and the relatively high frequency of agenesia, our interest was to focus on the permanent lateral upper incisors. Our study, based on an orthodontic population including 1000 patients, shows that about 7.8% of these patients present agenesis of at least one permanent tooth (out of which 3.6% are agenesis of the upper lateral incisor). Treatment options for these cases are multiple with several decisional factors to consider: the solutions often lead to compromises, and require a multidisciplinary coordination. Therefore, the purpose of this article, was to describe the prevalence of these agenesia based on a retrospective study, and to present two clinical cases: the first case is a bilateral agenesis of the maxillary lateral incisors treated with space opening in order to place two implant-supported restorations. The second case is an agenesis of tooth 12 treated with space reopening and the placement of a cantilever bridge. These clinical cases are presented to illustrate the multidisciplinary approach involving orthodontics, prosthodontics, and periodontology, in order to achieve the most esthetic and functional results possible.

Orthodontic Canine Substitution for the Management of Missing Maxillary Lateral Incisors May Have Superior Periodontal and Esthetic Outcomes Compared to an Implant- or Tooth-Supported Prosthesis

Prosthetic replacement vs space closure for maxillary lateral incisor agenesis: A systematic review. Silveira GS, Almeida NV, Pereira DMT, Mattos CT, Mucha JN. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2016; 150(2):228-37. None listed TYPE OF STUDY/DESIGN: Systematic review.

Conservative Approach for Treatment of Maxillary Lateral Incisor Agenesis With the Deciduous Tooth Retained: 18-Month Follow-Up

This case describes a female patient with agenesis of the maxillary right lateral incisor, with her permanent canine in its position and the deciduous canine retained. Additionally, she presented with a maxillary left peg lateral incisor. To solve her functional and esthetic complaints, a multidisciplinary approach involving perio-restorative procedures was proposed. Periodontal surgeries were performed to align the gingival contour, and the restorative approach utilized ceramic veneers. At the 18-month clinical and radiographic follow-up, the treatment outcome was stable, with maintenance of the clinical results achieved and without any sign of deciduous tooth resorption.

Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis; a retrospective cross-sectional study.

ObjectiveThis study aims to estimate the prevalence of congenitally missing lateral incisors in a sample of 2662 dental patients in Palestine.MethodsA total of 2662 digital panoramic radiographs were retrospectively examined for the presence of congenitally missing permanent lateral incisors. The radiographs were obtained from the archival records of patients attending a local dental center at the city of Nablus in Palestine.ResultsThe prevalence of missing lateral incisors among the examined population (n = 2662) was found to be 1.91%. Unilateral agenesis accounted for 66.6% of the total cases that showed at least one missing lateral incisor. Around 79% of the unilateral cases were on the left side while 21% were on the right side. Bilateral agenesis accounted for 33.3% of 34 cases that had at least one congenitally missing permanent maxillary lateral incisor.ConclusionThe prevalence of missing maxillary lateral incisors in this study population was 1.91%) which was within the range reported in different populations.

Perception of attractiveness of missing maxillary lateral incisors replaced by canines.

ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of perception of attractiveness of the smile among dentists, dental students, and lay persons in cases of agenesis of the maxillary lateral incisors replaced by canines for space closure. Methods: A smiling front view extraoral photograph of a 20-year-old woman was digitally altered simulating agenesis and its treatment, by means of: repositioning, reshaping or bleaching the canine, and gingival contour. A questionnaire was distributed to individuals of the three groups (n= 150), with a view to evaluating their degree of esthetic perception. An attractiveness scale was also used, with ‘0’ representing unattractive and ‘10’, very attractive. Results: In the comparative evaluation among all the photographs, the original image obtained the highest level of acceptance. Photograph ‘i’ (agenesis of both lateral incisors treated with reposition and reshaping of the canines) was ranked as the least attractive by the dentists, whereas the student and lay persons ranked photograph ‘f’ (agenesis of both lateral incisors treated with reposition of the canines, gingival contour, bleaching and reshaping) as the worst. Conclusion: The methods of treatment most accepted among the dentists and students were those that involved changes in the gingival contour, whereas among lay persons, they were those that involved only reshaping.

Co-occurrence of agenesis of the maxillary lateral incisors with other dental anomalies – a systematic review of the literature

Co-occurrence of agenesis of the maxillary lateral incisors with other dental anomalies – a systematic review of the literature

Position and Eruption of Permanent Maxillary Canines in Cases of Maxillary Lateral Incisor Agenesis in Mixed Dentition.

Assess whether the permanent maxillary canine (MC) has a natural tendency to erupt mesially in children with maxillary lateral incisors agenesis (MLIA), compared to children without agenesis. This retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study consisted of children between 5 and 12 years old divided into three groups: the first group with unilateral MLIA, in which an intraindividual analysis was performed, the second group presented bilateral MLIA, and the third group with patients without agenesis. These last two groups were matched for comparison interindividual, being pared by sex and maturation of the MC. The canine position in the horizontal sector showed a clear mesial positioning of the MC on the agenesis side in individuals with unilateral MLIA (group 1) when compared with the counter lateral side; and in individuals with bilateral MLIA (Group 2) compared with control Individuals without agenesis (group 3). Even with the maintenance of this deciduous tooth in the dental arch, the MC keeps its tendency to mesial eruption. There is a greater tendency for mesial angulation of the maxillary canine in patients with MLIA, regardless of the presence or absence of deciduous lateral incisor.

Bone grafting and osseointegration in the area of maxillary tooth agenesis. Case report

ABSTRACTThe high dental implant success rate is directly linked to the presence of adequate bone volume, which enables and maintains the osseointegration of dental implants. This study aimed to report a clinical case of a female with agenesis of the right maxillary lateral incisor (#12), due to cleft lip and palate.Because the bone and mucosal defects of the area, the treatment planning comprised guided bone regeneration with the association of autogenous bone, platelet rich plasm (PRP), and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane (e-PTFE,Gore-Tex), performed in 2005. After nine months, a new evaluation was carried out and revealed that the area was still not suitable for implant placement. Thus, an allogenous bone graft was planned. Elapsed another nine months, the implant was placed. After six months, the implant was reopened and a metal-ceramic crown was installed. The 5-year following-up appointment showed the presence of fistula with purulent secretion at the buccal cortical plate. We attempted to control the fistula with antibiotics and follow-up clinically and radiographically. The examinations suggested a communication with the right nasal cavity, which decreased until nowadays. The osseointegrated dental implant was in function, without symptomatology. The autogenous bone graft is still more effective than allogenous bone graft. Further studies are necessary to achieve better evaluations. KeywordsBone graft; Dental implant; Osseointegration.

Al-Awadi-Raas-Rothschild syndrome with dental anomalies and a novel WNT7A mutation

Al-Awadi-Raas-Rothschild syndrome (AARRS; OMIM 276820) is a very rare autosomal recessive limb malformation syndrome caused by WNT7A mutations. AARRS is characterized by various degrees of limb aplasia and hypoplasia. Normal intelligence and malformations of urogenital system are frequent findings. Complete loss of WNT7A function has been shown to cause AARRS, however, its partial loss leads to the milder malformation, Fuhrmann syndrome. An Indian boy affected with AARRS is reported. A novel homozygous base substitution mutation c.550A > C (p.Asn184Asp) is identified in the patient. Parents were heterozygous for the mutation. In addition to the typical features of AARRS, the patient had agenesis of the mandibular left deciduous lateral incisor. The heterozygous parents had microdontia of the maxillary left permanent third molar and taurodontism (enlarged dental pulp chamber at the expense of root) in a number of their permanent molars. Whole exome sequencing of the patient and his parents ruled out mutations in 11 known hypodontia-associated genes including WNT10A, MSX1, EDA, EDAR, EDARADD, PAX9, AXIN2, GREM2, NEMO, KRT17, and TFAP2B. In situ hybridization during tooth development showed Wnt7a expression in wild-type tooth epithelium at E14.5. All lines of evidence suggest that WNT7A has important role in tooth development and its mutation may lead to tooth agenesis, microdontia, and taurodontism. Oral examination of patients with AARRS and Fuhrmann syndromes is highly recommended.

Association between Tooth Agenesis and Skeletal Malocclusions.

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the association between tooth agenesis and skeletal malocclusions in Brazilian non-syndromic orthodontic patients.Material and MethodsPretreatment orthodontic records of 348 patients of both genders and with various skeletal malocclusions were examined. Tooth agenesis was evaluated in panoramic radiographs. Angular measurements were taken from lateral cephalometric radiographs to classify the patient’s malocclusion as skeletal Class I, Class II and Class III. Subjects were divided into 2 groups, “with tooth agenesis” and “without tooth agenesis”. Chi-square or Fisher exact test was used to compare categorical data. ANOVA with Tukey’s post-test was used for means comparisons. An alpha of 5% was established. ResultsFrom 348 analysed patients, 28 presented tooth agenesis. There was no difference between genders (P = 0.27) nor mean age (P = 0.16). The most prevalent skeletal malocclusion was Class I (63.11%), followed by Class II (25.94%), and Class III (10.95%). The mean of congenitally missing teeth was 1.3 (SD 0.13). Thirteen subjects had premolar agenesis, 13 upper lateral incisor agenesis, 4 lower incisor agenesis and 2 molars agenesis. The group with tooth agenesis presented A point-nasion-B point (ANB) angle smaller (1.66 [SD 2.52]) than the group without tooth agenesis (2.86 [SD 2.49]) (P = 0.01). ANB angle had a negative correlation with the number of congenitally missing teeth (P = 0.039; r = -0.39).ConclusionsTooth agenesis is associated with a smaller A point-nasion-B point angle and is negatively correlated with the number of congenitally missing teeth.

Crown-Root Angulation of Central Incisors in Cases With Maxillary Lateral Incisors Agenesis

Dental agenesis of the maxillary lateral incisor is a frequently seen anomaly in children and teenagers nowadays. It can alter the esthetics as well as the functions in the frontal area of the maxilla and therefore, early detection and therapy would be beneficial. The treatment often implies an interdisciplinary approach between orthodontics and implantology. One of the particularities of this kind of treatment is given by the distal angulation of central incisor’s root, which invades the space required by the dental implant. Any treatment plan should begin with a thorough radiographical analysis of the space and morphological particularities of the central incisors.

Evaluation of the skeletal and dental effects in orthodontic patients with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the transverse dimension of the dentoalveolar and skeletal widths in both unilateral (UMLIA) and bilateral (BMLIA) maxillary lateral incisor agenesis groups. The study sample consisted of 59 patients (34 females and 25 males) divided into three groups as UMLIA group (16 patients; 14.94 ± 1.37 years), BMLIA group (21 patients; 14.46 ± 1.53 years) and control group (22 patients; 15.28 ± 1.70 years) without tooth agenesis. Transversal measurements (maxillary and mandibular intercanine, interpremolar, intermolar, intercanine alveolar, interpremolar alveolar, intermolar alveolar widths) were done on dental casts. Craniofacial skeletal measurements were done with posteroanterior cephalometric radiographs. Statistical testing was performed with the one-way variance analysis, Kruskal-Wallis and post hoc tests. UMLIA and BMLIA groups had statistically significantly narrower skeletal apical base of the maxilla, maxillary intercanine and intercanine alveolar widths compared with the control group (P < .05). Moreover, UMLIA and BMLIA groups had statistically significantly similar dental, alveolar and skeletal features (P > .05). The UMLIA and BMLIA groups showed statistically significantly smaller values for maxillary intercanine, maxillary intercanine alveolar and skeletal maxillary widths compared with the control group. This study provides information the transverse dimension of the dental, alveolar and skeletal widths with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis patients. Knowledge of transverse dimension of the dental, alveolar and skeletal widths with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis patients is important for diagnosis and treatment planning.

Tooth Abnormalities and Occlusal Disorders in Individuals With Frontonasal Dysplasia.

Frontonasal dysplasia is a rare developmental defect of the midface, and little is known about the dental involvement in individuals with this condition. This study investigated tooth abnormalities and occlusal disorders in individuals with frontonasal dysplasia. Cross-sectional. Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil. Clinical oral examination, analysis of patient records, and panoramic radiographs. A total of 20 individuals with frontonasal dysplasia aged 7 to 17 years. Prevalence of the several tooth abnormalities and occlusal disorders analyzed. A total of 19 individuals presented at least one tooth abnormality, with highly variable findings. In radiographs, 20% of individuals (all presenting oral clefts) presented agenesis of lateral incisors and second premolars. No supernumerary teeth were observed; 65% of individuals exhibited occlusal alterations, especially anterior open bite in the two individuals with median cleft lip. Variable clinical and radiographic alterations were observed, probably due to the large variety of phenotypic characteristics. No specific dental alteration could be related with frontonasal dysplasia.

Semipermanent replacement of missing maxillary lateral incisors by mini-implant retained pontics: A follow-up study.

Agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors can be treated either by closing the space and substituting the canines for the missing lateral incisors or, in adults, by replacing the missing teeth with fixed prosthetics or implants. This article illustrates a method that can be used for a semipermanent implant replacement of the missing incisors in adult patients. An Aarhus mini-implant was inserted perpendicular to the palatal mucosa of the alveolar process of the edentulous area. A pontic was made at chair side of composite material around a stainless steel wire extending from the mini-implant. This replacement approach allowed for the vertical development of the alveolar process and maintained the bone density and morphology of the alveolar process. Five years after placement, periapical radiographs showed that the alveolar process was following the vertical development related to the eruption of the adjacent teeth, and that the morphology and the bone density were maintained, making the later insertion of a dental implant possible without additional surgical buildup.

Early secondary bone grafting in children with alveolar cleft does not modify the risk of maxillary permanent canine impaction at the age of 10 years

ObjectiveThe risk of maxillary permanent canine retention is elevated in children with cleft lip and palate (CLP). This study compared this risk in 10 ± 1 year-old patients with unilateral CLP (UCLP) who underwent or not early maxillary bone grafting at the age of 6 ± 1 years. MethodsRetrospective, controlled monocentric and observational study with the following inclusion criteria: patients with UCLP, isolated cleft, pre-surgery orthodontic maxillary expansion, same surgical protocol, same surgical team. The risk of maxillary canine retention was evaluated using a dental panoramic radiograph, on the basis of the canine root development stage and of the angle (> or <45°) between the main axis of the maxillary canine and a virtual reference axis parallel to the medial sagittal axis. ResultsThe impaction risk at the age of 10 was of 14.29% (4/28) for the group who underwent early bone grafting and 21.88% (7/32) for the group without early grafting (p = 0.45). Permanent lateral incisor agenesis and the patient's sex did not change this risk. ConclusionsEarly alveolar bone grafting does not significantly change the risk of permanent maxillary canine retention at 10. Long-term followup of a larger population is needed to confirm this result.

Agenesis of Maxillary Lateral Incisor Treated with Orthodontics and Mini Dental Implants the Combined Technique with Invisible Aligners and Minimally Invasive Implantology of Italian School

Agenesis of Maxillary Lateral Incisor Treated with Orthodontics and Mini Dental Implants the Combined Technique with Invisible Aligners and Minimally Invasive Implantology of Italian School

Dental anomalies in an orthodontic patient population with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis.

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental anomalies in a subpopulation of orthodontic patients with agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors (MLI). Methods:The material of the present study included the records of the 1964 orthodontic patients. Panoramic radiographs and dental casts were used to analyze other associated eight dental anomalies, including agenesis of other teeth, dens invaginatus, dens evaginatus, peg shaped MLI, taurodontism, pulp stone, root dilaceration and maxillary canine impaction. Results: Out of the 1964 patients examined, 90 were found to have agenesis of MLI, representing a prevalence of 4.6%. The most commonly found associated-anomalies were agenesis of other teeth (23.3%), peg-shaped MLIs (15.6%), taurodontism (42.2%), and dilacerated teeth (18.9%). Conclusion:Permanent tooth agenesis, taurodontism, peg-shaped maxillary lateral incisor, and root dilacerations are frequently associated with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis.

Prevalence of isolated maxillary lateral incisor agenesis in Syrian adolescents.

This research is designed to obtain a better understanding and provide more insight of this phenomenon through evaluating the prevalence of congenital absence of maxillary lateral incisors in a Syrian population. The method involved clinical examination of 8000 school children with an equal number of males and females (age range 12-15years) to identify students only affected by bilateral or unilateral congenital absence of maxillary lateral incisors. Agenesis was determined based on radiological evidence. The results of this study showed that the prevalence of isolated maxillary lateral incisors agenesis was 1.15%. In the sample studied, 66.3% of the patients were female and 33.7% were male (p<0.05). Absence was bilateral in 47.8% of patients and unilateral in 52.2%. Of the unilateral cases, 48% occurred on the right side and 52% on the left side, and the contralateral maxillary incisor was found to be microdont in 43.75%, right lateral in 47.6%, and left lateral in 52.4%. The results of this study allow the conclusion that the prevalence of isolated maxillary lateral incisors agenesis in a Syrian population is within the average range with regard to other populations. A significant familial component to the etiology of maxillary lateral incisors agenesis was found.