Late Ripening Varieties Research Articles

Research on some characters in black currant progenies

Populations derived from selfs and crosses of a small number of black currant varieties with the variety Consort were analysed for various characters, viz. vigour, number of flowers, flowering time, ripening time, fruit-set, strig-length and berry size. Flowering began in the third growing year. In the next year the bushes could be assessed to best advantage. The results of the evaluations are: 1. The vigour of the selfed progenies showed, with the exception of Consort, a clear inbreeding depression as compared with the hybrid populations. 2. In the first year of flowering the number of non-flowering bushes in the progenies from Consort x Roodknop and from Wellington XXX x self was much larger than in the others. 3. The progenies from Consort x Roodknop and from Consort x self showed a large number of bushes with few flowers. 4. Later flowering seedlings were obtained only in the crosses with the later flowering varieties Seabrook's Black and Roodknop, and in the selfed progeny of Seabrook's Black (the one of Roodknop was lacking). 5. Later ripening seedlings were obtained only in the selfs from Baldwin and Daniels' September, both late-ripening varieties.

The inheritance of shape, size and season of ripening in progenies of the cultivated apple

1. An analysis of the data from 1,387 seedlings from 44 progenies derived from 21 varieties of apples showed that the characters fruit shape, size and season of ripening all showed a quantitative pattern of inheritance. 2. The progeny mean for fruit shape was found to be approximately equal to the mid-parent value. 3. The progeny mean for fruit size is generally less than the mid-parent value, the average decrease from the mid-parent for all the outbred progenies being 34 per cent. In consequence, only a very small proportion of seedlings produce fruit of acceptable size. 4. The progeny mean for season of ripening is close to the mid-parent value except in crosses between late ripening varieties, in which the progeny mean is earlier than the mid-parent. 5. The main effects of each parent on each of the three characters have been calculated by treating the data as an incomplete diallel cross. The calculated main effects for each of the 21 varieties tested allow predictions to be made on the progeny means of untested combinations of parents.

Embryo Abortion in the Peach in Relation to Chemical Composition and Season of Fruit Ripening

1. Embryos of ten varieties of the peach, whose several seasons of fruit ripening extend from early to late, were examined and chemically analyzed at or near the time the fruit was ripe. For comparison, embryos of a single late-ripening variety (Elberta) were analyzed periodically throughout the season. 2. Embryos of Elberta were flaccid and only partially filled the integuments during stage II of fruit development, so that seed became shriveled when removed from the fruit. At the time of fruit ripening, embryos were firm and completely filled the integuments. 3. Embryos of the earliest-ripening variety were abortive and disintegrated at fruit ripening. Embryos of each successively later-ripening variety were larger, firmer, and more nearly filled the integuments. 4. At fruit ripening, embryos of a late-ripening variety contained 45.03 per cent moisture, 30.67 per cent fat, 2.60 per cent nitrogen, 2.32 per cent sucrose, and 0.23 per cent reducing sugars. Embryos of early-ripening varieties showed a higher...