Late Adolescence Research Articles

Problematic usage, safety knowledge, and dependency challenges of mobile phones among late adolescents in southern India: a mixed-methods study

Problematic usage, safety knowledge, and dependency challenges of mobile phones among late adolescents in southern India: a mixed-methods study

Prevalence and Correlates of Substance Use and the Effects on the Young People in a Southwestern State of Nigeria

In 2015, psychoactive substance use led to the deaths of 72 young people within a month across Ondo, Edo, and Rivers states in Nigeria, with Ondo being the most affected. The youth attributed these deaths to the wrath of the gods (Malokun) rather than alcohol consumption. This study aims to identify demographic factors influencing youth substance use in Ondo State. Using a cross-sectional, descriptive community study design, 500 participants aged 10 to 24 years were recruited. Data collected through a socio-demographic questionnaire and the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 16. The findings revealed that alcohol was the most used substance, with a lifetime use prevalence of 69.6%, likely due to the availability and cultural acceptability of local alcoholic products like ogogoro and palm wine. Substance use was found to negatively impact social life. Significant correlates of substance use included gender, age, religion, and father’s relationship. Males had higher lifetime use than females (p = 0.008), and substance use prevalence was higher among late adolescents (p = 0.0034). Christian respondents reported higher lifetime use compared to Muslims (p = 0.010). These results highlight that alcohol is the predominant substance used by young people in Ondo State, with key correlates being male gender, religion, less friendly father relationships, and late adolescence, informing public health strategies to mitigate harmful effects of substance use.

Familial Resemblance of Bone Health in Maternal Lineage Pairs and Triads: A Scoping Review.

Female bone health is influenced by familial resemblance, health parameters and maturational periods (puberty and menopause); this combination has been researched using familial multi-generational cross-sectional studies. This scoping review aimed to compile bone health research which uses sexually mature (grandmother-) mother-daughter pairs (and triads) and to determine the trends in its methodologies and familial comparisons. The Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews was used. Extraction included study and population characteristics, methodology (with an emphasis on imaging) and family-based results. Twenty-nine studies were included, and their generations were categorized into four developmental categories: late adolescent to young adult, pre-menopause, mixed-menopause, and post-menopause. Eleven different pair/triad combinations were observed; the most common was pre-menopausal daughters and post-menopausal mothers. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was the most utilized imaging modality, and the hip was the most imaged region of interest (ROI). Regardless of pairing, imaging modality and ROI, there was often a trend toward significant familial resemblance and heritability (h2 and h2L). This scoping review highlights the trends in bone health linked to familial resemblance, as well as the importance of menopause and late adolescence. This review compiles the commonalities and challenges within these studies to inform future research.

Supplemental Material for Longitudinal Relations Among Temperament, Cognitive Control, and Anxiety: From Toddlerhood to Late Adolescence

Supplemental Material for Longitudinal Relations Among Temperament, Cognitive Control, and Anxiety: From Toddlerhood to Late Adolescence

Parenting in African American families: Profiles of general and culturally specific dimensions of parent-adolescent relationships during late adolescence.

Developmental and parenting frameworks suggest that factors at the individual-level and multiple levels of adolescents' contexts are important determinants of how African American parents prepare their children to live in a racially stratified society. Using a person-centered approach, this study explored heterogeneity in profiles of African American parent-adolescent relationships (PARs) using indicators of parent-reported ethnic-racial socialization (cultural socialization, preparation for bias), general parenting practices (autonomy support, monitoring, behavioral control), and relationship quality (warmth, communication, conflict). We also examined how adolescents' characteristics, parents' personal and psychological resources, and contextual sources of stress and support contributed to profile membership. Data were from the Maryland Adolescent Development in Context Study (1991-2000) and consisted of 589 African American caregiver-adolescent dyads (caregivers: 89% female; 57.2% married; adolescents: 50.7% female; Mage = 17, SD = 0.64, range = 15-19 years old). Latent profile analysis revealed four profiles: (a) No-Nonsense High Socializers, (b) Indulgent Average Socializers, (c) Unengaged Silent Socializers, and (d) Authoritative Cultural Socializers. Adolescent characteristics (gender, depression, and problem behavior), parents' personal and psychological resources (parenting self-efficacy, centrality, private regard, and depression), and contextual sources of stress and support (stress: economic hardship, family stress, neighborhood disadvantage and support: marital status, family cohesion, family organization) were correlated with profile membership. Findings suggest that variability in African American PARs is shaped by an extensive set of individual and contextual factors related to adolescents and the family and neighborhood context. These findings have important implications for future research and how to target multiple potential levers for change in African American parenting practice.

Gene-environment interaction between gaming addiction and perceived stress in late adolescents and young adults: A twin study.

The association between perceived stress (PS) and gaming addiction (GA) is well documented. However, the mechanism for explaining this association remains unclear. Using a genetically informative design, this study aims to distinguish between the diathesis-stress and bio-ecological models of gene by environment interaction (G x E) to explain the underlying mechanism of the relationship. In total, 1,468 twins (mean age = 22.6 ± 2.8 years) completed an online survey including the GA and PS scales. Twin correlations for GA and PS were computed and univariate model-fitting analysis was conducted to determine genetic and environmental influences on GA and PS. The bivariate G x E model-fitting analysis was performed to determine the best G x E interaction model. Additive genetic, shared environmental, and non-shared environmental effects were 0.70 (95%CI = 0.61, 0.77), 0.00, and 0.30 (95%CI = 0.26, 0.33), and 0.38 (95%CI = 0.24, 0.55), 0.35 (95% CI= 0.18, 0.51), and 0.22 (95%CI = 0.20, 0.26) for GA and PS, respectively. Bivariate G x E model-fitting analysis supported the diathesis-stress model, where genetic influences on GA were greater in higher levels of PS, whereas environmental influences on GA were small and constant across levels of PS. The evidence for the diathesis-stress model for GA is consistent with the etiological process of many forms of psychopathology. The findings should be incorporated in clinical settings to improve the treatment of GA, and used in developments of intervention and prevention methods for GA.

The role of early maladaptive schemas in late adolescents suffering from school burnout and depressive symptoms

BackgroundThe present study aims to distinguish school burnout from depressive symptoms in late adolescents between 17 and 21 years old by exploring their underlying early maladaptive schemas (EMS). MethodsThe cross-sectional sample (T1) consisted of 514 secondary and higher education students between 17 and 21 years old (Mage = 19.06 (1.10), 80.9% female). Five months later (T2), 190 adolescents participated in the follow-up measurement (Mage = 19.45 (1.18), 81.6% female). ResultsPositive correlations were found between all EMS and school burnout symptoms. When controlling for school burnout symptoms at T1, only the EMS `emotional deprivation', `mistrust', `defectiveness', `social isolation', `failure', `enmeshment', and `emotional inhibition' displayed significant positive associations with school burnout at T2. The EMS `mistrust', `defectiveness' and `failure' showed relations to both school burnout and depressive symptoms. Backwards linear regressions showed that the EMS `vulnerability to harm/illness' and `insufficient self-control' were uniquely related to school burnout symptoms when controlling for depressive symptoms, while the EMS `dependence', `emotional deprivation', `self-sacrifice' and `unrelenting standards' were uniquely related to depressive symptoms while controlling for school burnout symptoms. LimitationsThe gender-unbalanced sample, reduced longitudinal sample size, sole use of self-report measures, and high comorbidity between school burnout and depressive symptoms may have hampered the results. ConclusionsEMS play an important role in the development of school burnout symptoms. The results point towards transdiagnostic cognitive-focused treatment techniques with attention to disorder-specific schemas to tackle school burnout symptoms. More (longitudinal) research is needed to corroborate these initial findings.

Makna Ngeteh di Kalangan Remaja Akhir Pengguna Media Sosial Twitter

The study aims to explore the meaning of @AreaJulid's late adolescent followers in social media groupings on Twitter through the phenomenological approach of Alfred Schutz. The research method used in this study is qualitative descriptive. Data collection techniques are carried out by observing participants on individual social media and Twitter, conducting in-depth interviews, and conducting documentation. The results of the research showed the significance of ngeteh among late adolescents who followed @AreaJulid's Twitter social media account, not apart from the because motive and in order motive that was acquired based on the experiences of late adolescents in ngeteh, thus forming awareness to be followers of ngeteh. Different experiences, from the usage routine to the content consumed, produce different meanings for each late adolescent, such as the desire to remain relevant, entertainment, and social control.

Maternal Depressive Symptoms and Offspring Internalizing Problems: A Cross-Lagged Panel Network Analysis in Late Childhood and Early Adolescence.

The present study investigated the relations between maternal depressive symptoms and internalizing problems in offspring during late childhood and early adolescence, examining sex differences using symptom network analysis. A total of 885 Chinese youths in late childhood (n = 497, 38.6% girls; age = 9.58 years, SD = 0.24) and early adolescence (n = 388, 48.5% girls; age = 11.30 years, SD = 0.24) and their mothers (Mage = 37.34 years, SD = 5.42) were recruited. Cross-lagged panel network (CLPN) analysis was used to explore bridge symptoms (i.e., symptoms connecting two or more mental disorders) and identify transmission pathways between maternal depressive symptoms and offspring's internalizing problems at these two developmental stages. The CLPN results revealed that in late childhood, the bridge connections in the network model were boys feeling worried to mothers feeling distractible, and girls feeling worried to mothers feeling powerless. In early adolescence, the bridge connections were boys experiencing depressed mood to mothers feeling powerless, and mothers feeling bad to girls experiencing depressed mood. These findings highlight the network-level relations between maternal depressive symptoms and offspring internalizing problems. They provide insights into the developmental differences and similarities in symptoms during these periods and suggest ways to break the vicious cycle of psychopathology between mothers and their children.

Prospective effects of resilience on mental health among sexual and gender minority young people

ABSTRACT Sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals who are assigned-female-at-birth (i.e. sexual minority women, transgender men, and gender diverse individuals [SMWTGD]) experience an increased risk for negative mental health outcomes due to minority stress related to their minoritized identity. One proposed protective factor against negative mental health outcomes is resilience, which is one’s ability to effectively achieve positive outcomes following stressful events. Past research shows cross-sectional associations between resilience and mental health in both the general population and SGM individuals. However, we know of no longitudinal research testing whether resilience prospectively predicts mental health, or whether the prospective associations between resilience and mental health differ by demographics. Self-reports of resilience, depression, anxiety, suicidality, and substance use were collected at two time-points 6 months apart from 453 SMWTGD late adolescents and young adults who reside in the Midwest region of the United States. Time 1 resilience was negatively associated with Time 2 depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation, but not problematic substance use, controlling for Time 1 mental health. These associations were generally not moderated by demographic factors, suggesting that resilience operates consistently across most racial, sexual orientation, and gender identities within the SMWTGD community. These findings underscore the potential value of tailored interventions aimed at promoting resilience within SMWTGD.

E-cigarette use among early adolescent tobacco cigarette smokers: testing the disruption and entrenchment hypotheses in two longitudinal cohorts

ObjectiveUsing longitudinal data from two large-scale cohorts in the UK and USA, we examine whether e-cigarette use steers adolescent early smokers away from tobacco cigarettes (disruption hypothesis) or deepens early...

Molecular-targeted therapy for childhood low-grade glial and glioneuronal tumors.

Since the discovery of the association between BRAF mutations and fusions in the development of childhood low-grade gliomas and the subsequent recognition that most childhood low-grade glial and glioneuronal tumors have aberrant signaling through the RAS/RAF/MAP kinase pathway, there has been a dramatic change in how these tumors are conceptualized. Many of the fusions and mutations present in these tumors are associated with molecular targets, which have agents in development or already in clinical use. Various agents, including MEK inhibitors, BRAF inhibitors, MTOR inhibitors and, in small subsets of patients NTRK inhibitors, have been used successfully to treat children with recurrent disease, after failure of conventional approaches such as surgery or chemotherapy. The relative benefits of chemotherapy as compared to molecular-targeted therapy for children with newly diagnosed gliomas and neuroglial tumors are under study. Already the combination of an MEK inhibitor and a BRAF inhibitor has been shown superior to conventional chemotherapy (carboplatin and vincristine) in newly diagnosed children with BRAF-V600E mutated low-grade gliomas and neuroglial tumors. However, the long-term effects of such molecular-targeted treatment are unknown. The potential use of molecular-targeted therapy in early treatment has made it mandatory that the molecular make-up of the majority of low-grade glial and glioneuronal tumors is known before initiation of therapy. The primary exception to this rule is in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 who, by definition, have NF1 loss; however, even in this population, gliomas arising in late childhood and adolescence or those not responding to conventional treatment may be candidates for biopsy, especially before entry on molecular-targeted therapy trials.

Association of childhood food consumption and dietary pattern with cardiometabolic risk factors and metabolomics in late adolescence: prospective evidence from ‘Children of 1997’ birth cohort

BackgroundHealthy diet might protect against cardiometabolic diseases, but uncertainty exists about its definition and role in adolescence.MethodIn a subset of Hong Kong’s ‘Children of 1997’ birth cohort (n=2844 out of...

Evaluating Dysfunctional Attitudes Among Third-Year BS Psychology Students: Towards the Development of an Enhancement Program

Objective: This study investigates the prevalence and implications of dysfunctional attitudes among third-year Bachelor of Science in Psychology students at a higher education institution in Davao del Norte, Philippines. Theoretical framework: Dysfunctional attitudes, theorized to contribute to mental health issues such as depression and anxiety, are pivotal in understanding the emotional and psychological well-being of individuals during the critical transition from late adolescence to early adulthood. Utilizing the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS), this research aimed to assess dysfunctional attitudes across seven domains: approval, love, achievement, perfectionism, entitlement, omnipotence, and autonomy. Methods: Using purposive sampling, a quantitative research methodology, specifically a descriptive survey design, was employed to collect data from 105 third-year psychology students. The findings indicate a moderate presence of dysfunctional attitudes in the domains of approval, love, achievement, and perfectionism, suggesting a degree of psychological resilience among the participants. However, entitlement, omnipotence, and autonomy revealed more concerning attitudes, underscoring the need for targeted intervention programs. Results and conclusion: The study concludes that while the majority of students possess healthy attitudes towards approval, love, achievement, and perfectionism, there is a significant need for interventions addressing entitlement, omnipotence, and autonomy to prevent potential mental health issues. This research contributes to the body of knowledge on the mental health of college students. It underscores the importance of early identification and intervention of dysfunctional attitudes as a preventative measure against psychological distress.

Consumption of Apitherapy Products by Late Adolescents Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional and Comparative Descriptive Study

Background: Apitherapy has emerged as both a conventional and alternative treatment effective against COVID-19-related symptoms. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the types, frequency, and amount of apitherapy products that late adolescents use before and during the pandemic. Methods: The study employed a cross‐sectional, descriptive, and comparative design. Using stratified random sampling, 3307 late adolescents aged 17 - 21 were included. Data were collected through a questionnaire on demographic characteristics and apitherapy products. Descriptive statistics and paired sample t-tests were used for data analysis, with effect size calculated using Cohen’s d method. Results: Half of the participants (n = 1595, 48.2%) had never heard of “apitherapy” before, while those who had heard mentioned honey (35.6%), pollen (25.5%), propolis (14.9%), royal jelly (11.3%), bee venom (8.4%), and bee bread (4.3%). They reported using these products to “boost their immune systems”, “prevent respiratory infections/reduce cough”, and “reduce nausea and vomiting”. Late adolescents consumed significantly more honey (t = -15.683, P < 0.001, effect size = 0.35), pollen (t = -11.111, P < 0.001; effect size = 0.44), and propolis (t = -15.302, P < 0.001, effect size = 0.45) during the pandemic than before. They primarily examined labels before purchasing (36.4%) and believed that products approved by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry should be purchased (63.3%). Conclusions: This study underscores the popularity of apitherapy among late adolescents. Further surveys are recommended to better understand young people's apitherapy habits and provide valuable data for healthcare practitioners combating the pandemic.

Peer Bullying Victimization Trajectories for Sexually and Gender Diverse Youth from Early Childhood to Late Adolescence

Sexually and gender diverse (SGD) youth experience more peer bullying victimization than heterosexual, cisgender youth during adolescence, yet the emergence and persistence of these disparities remain underexplored. Also, it is unclear which factors are associated with these disparities across development, and how these disparities are linked to late adolescent health discrepancies. This study utilized the sample from the Millennium Cohort Study in Britain (N = 10,080; 51.3% assigned female at birth; Mage = 2.28, SDage = 0.46 at Wave 2), in which 23.74% of youth reported non-heterosexual attraction, 21.59% reported non-heterosexual identity, and 1.08% reported gender identity not in line with the sex assigned at birth. Using latent class growth modeling, four peer bullying victimization trajectories were identified, with early peak (7.2%), late childhood peak (6.3%), adolescence onset (12.8%), and low (73.6%) rates of victimization. SGD youth, compared to heterosexual and cisgender youth, were found to have increased odds of being in the victimization-involved classes, especially the adolescence onset class. The study further revealed that SGD youth reported more mental health and relational difficulties in childhood, which were linked to their heightened risk of longer-lasting victimization. Further, long-term victimization was found to partially account for the disparities in health and well-being for SGD youth in late adolescence. In conclusion, SGD youth were more likely to experience longer-lasting bullying victimization during childhood and adolescence, its related mental and relational vulnerabilities were already established in childhood, and such victimization disparities were further linked to their detrimental health and well-being in late adolescence. The design, hypotheses, and target analyses of the current study were preregistered on 21st April 2023 at https://osf.io/f2zxy.

Characteristics of symptoms and development of psychological status in late Chinese adolescence

BackgroundMany late adolescents experience a state of psychological sub-health, requiring early recognition and intervention. This study aims to assess the psychological state of late Chinese adolescents and uncover developmental trend of mental health through network analysis. MethodWe analyzed data from 9072 Chinese high school adolescents in Shandong Province surveyed in 2020–2021, and divided them into the normal, the suspected, and the abnormal groups based on Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) scores. Network analysis was employed to identify the core symptoms and bridge symptoms across different states. ResultsAnxiety and depression were the most central symptoms, without gender differences. Core symptoms, network structure, and network invulnerability varied across different psychological states. The abnormal group exhibited the highest value of natural connectivity, followed by the suspected and normal groups. This pattern extended to bridge networks. While not meeting diagnostic criteria, the suspected group demonstrated abnormalities in network edge invariance and global strength invariance. LimitationsThe cross-sectional design cannot establish causality, and biases in self-report measurements cannot be ignored. ConclusionCompared to traditional scale indicators, network structural characteristics may be a more sensitive assessment indicator.

Use of contraception during first sexual intercourse among Norwegian adolescents: a national cross-sectional study

BackgroundMost Norwegian adolescents experience their first sexual intercourse during late adolescence. Use of contraception is important to avoid unwanted pregnancy, while condoms can also protect against sexually transmitted diseases. There are few studies on the use of contraception at first sexual intercourse, most with varying results, and some studies have only examined the use of contraception among girls. In our study, we aimed to determine the use of contraception at first sexual intercourse, and to investigate associations between use of contraceptives at first sexual intercourse, sociodemographic factors, and alcohol and other substance use.MethodsThe study was based on data from the national electronic youth survey Ungdata, conducted in 2020–2022 among 113 049 upper secondary pupils (15–19 years) in Norway, which was around 65% of pupils attending upper secondary school during the study period. Descriptive analysis was used to estimate the prevalence of contraceptive use at first sexual intercourse, and multivariate logistic regression analyses to investigate the association between contraceptive use, sociodemographic factors, and alcohol intoxication and substance use.Result32% of Norwegian adolescents did not use contraception at first sexual intercourse. More girls (57.4%) than boys (42.6%) reported use of contraception. Factors associated with non-use of contraception during first sexual intercourse among boys were having parents with no college /university education (OR = 1.22: CI 1.13–1.32), perceived poor family finances (OR = 1.22: CI 1.06–1.40), alcohol intoxication, and use of cannabis or other narcotic substances during the past 12 months. The same factors were associated with non-use of contraception among girls. Additionally, being older than 16 years (OR = 1.13: CI 1.06–1.19) was also associated with non-use of contraception at first sexual intercourse.ConclusionMany adolescents did not use contraception at first sexual intercourse. Alcohol intoxication and use of cannabis or other narcotic substances were associated with a lower likelihood of using contraceptives. This highlights the importance of preventive efforts including earlier prevention education that focuses more on the consequences of not using contraception in order to prevent unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections.

Comparative analysis of clinical and functional outcomes in late adolescents with genu valgum undergoing corrective osteotomy: a study of K-wire fixation versus plate osteosynthesis

Comparative analysis of clinical and functional outcomes in late adolescents with genu valgum undergoing corrective osteotomy: a study of K-wire fixation versus plate osteosynthesis

The importance of good health and well-being in Sekarkare Village, Probolinggo, East Java Village, Probolinggo, East Java

Background: Oral health is essential to total health and a satisfactory quality of life. One of the most contributingfactors is how a human being has an understanding of how to maintain oral health to improve the quality and well-being of life. Purpose: to provide and describe the community knowledge about the importance of replacing missing teeth using dentures and maintaining oral health to improve the quality of life. Methods: The event was carried out with an interactive educational concept by giving pre- and post-tests at the beginning and end of the event. There were at least 80 education participants, consisting of the people of Sekarkare village of various ages, from late adolescents to the elderly, along with village officials and guests from the Sekarkare Health Center. The activity was carried out at the village hallof Sekarkare Village, Dringu District, Probolinggo Regency, East Java. Results: The majority of people understand and are enthusiastic about participating in a series of counseling events. There is an increase in scores in the pre-test (59,06%) and post-test (65,58%) results. Conclusion: The existence of counseling events with interactive educational concepts can increase public enthusiasm for participating in events, making it easier for people to gain new knowledge.