Laser Powder Bed Fusion Materials Research Articles

Effect of annealing treatment on microstructure evolution and deformation behavior of 304 L stainless steel made by laser powder bed fusion

This paper focuses on the microstructural evolution of 304 L austenitic stainless steel (SS) manufactured by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) after stress-relieving annealing (650 °C) and solution annealing (1050 °C). Multiple advanced characterizations were adopted to disclose the microstructural characteristics and investigate the annealing-driven dislocation migration process. At 650 °C, the dislocation density of cellular walls decreased slightly, associated with a slight decrease of strength. At 1050 °C, the dislocations of cellular walls migrated to more energetically favorable regions, forming subgrain boundaries with higher dislocation density and resulting in a strength-ductility trade-off. The temperature of 1050 °C could slightly increase the recrystallization volume fraction and induce the coalescence of multi-oriented fine-grained tribes into single-oriented grains. The nano-scale characterization indicated that the as-built samples and annealed samples at 650 °C contained the square lattice distortion networks composed of orthogonal strain ripples. However, after annealing at 1050 °C, only unidirectional strain ripples in square lattice distortion networks were retained due to unidirectional dislocation migration. Direct experimental results were provided that the local misorientation ranges of cellular interior, cellular walls, and newly formed subgrain boundaries were <0.2°, 0.2°-0.5°, and 0.5°-2°, respectively. After tensile deformation, interacting deformation twins occurred in <111> and 〈101〉 oriented grains of as-built and annealed specimens at 650 °C, while the twins occurred in all oriented grains of annealed specimens at 1050 °C due to the disappearance of cellular substructure and the increase of tensile elongation. This work yields new insights into misorientation across the cellular walls, dislocation migration process during annealing, strengthening mechanisms, and work hardening behaviors, which can be used to design and optimize future annealing routines for LPBF materials.

Microstructure transition and mechanical properties of friction stir processed CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion

In this work, Friction stir processing (FSP) was conducted on the CoCrFeMnNi alloy fabricated via laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) to modify the surface microstructure, during which the evolution of grain structures, dislocation structures, and texture as well as the dynamic recrystallization (DRX) mechanism were investigated. The experimental results demonstrated that continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) and discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX) occurred simultaneously to refine the average grain size from 15.4 μm to 4.8 μm, while the distribution of grain size and area became more uniform in the stir zone (SZ). Due to the inhomogeneous distribution of material flow and friction heat, the thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) exhibits microstructure gradients and the grain structures are nonuniform throughout the SZ. In addition, the relationship between the microstructure and mechanical properties of the FSP region was analyzed. The hardness and yield strength (YS) of the SZ (∼190 ± 3 HV and 501 ± 2 MPa, respectively) are lower than those of the LPBF material (∼229 ± 10 HV and 563 ± 3 MPa, respectively). On the other hand, the elongation increased from 23.8 ± 0.4% to 37.5 ± 0.3%, while the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) increased from 665 ± 5 MPa to 719 ± 3 MPa. A better combination of strength and ductility than the LPBF-built CoCrFeMnNi alloy was achieved in the SZ after FSP.

Multi-Scale Approach of HCF Taking into Account Plasticity and Damage: Application to LPBF Materials

Laser additive manufacturing enables economical production of complex lightweight structures. To realize the potential benefits of additive manufacturing technology in industrial applications, the fatigue performance of parts additively manufactured materials must be modelized. The aim of this paper is to present a new modeling approach combining plasticity and damage, and appropriate for as-built Laser-Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) structures. The model presented is an extension of the Dang Van criterion, including damage, defined as porosity in the case of LPBF. Attention is focused on the integration of damage in a fatigue criterion using the concept of elastic shakedown. Finally, the case of 316L will illustrate the results of the model by fatigue tests with deterministic defects.

Local laser hardening of heat treated medium manganese steel initially processed by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF)

A method of laser-hardening using an oscillating beam was utilized to locally increase mechanical properties of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) manufactured thin-walled specimens made of medium manganese steel. Those results showed a martensite microstructure was obtained in the hardened zone over the entire depth of the specimen and indicated its suitability for laser hardening. The average hardness of the fully hardened zone increased from 300 HV to approximately 440 HV. The martensitic transformation caused an increase in the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield strength (YS) of 66 % and 28 %, respectively, and decreased the level of ductility to 5% of elongation. Fracture analysis of the tensile specimens showed shallow dimples in the center and shear lips on the edges and in the laser hardened zones. The crack was initiated by the lack of fusion just below the surface and was characteristic for LPBF material tensile specimens. Based on bending tests, improper localization of the local hardened zones in the component, i.e. in areas of high plastic deformation, led to the formation of a microcrack due to a significant reduction in ductility and microstructural inhomogeneities. The knowledge of the strategy and technological parameters of the hardening process of heat-treated LPBF medium manganese steel will be beneficial to the automotive industry as this material class is gaining increasing attention.

Correlation between tensile properties, microstructure, and processing routes of an Al–Cu–Mg–Ag–TiB2 (A205) alloy: Additive manufacturing and casting

This paper aims at assessing microstructure/processing route/mechanical property correlation of a high-strength TiB2/Al–Cu–Mg–Ag aluminum alloy, namely A205 alloy, additively manufactured via laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) versus the cast counter material. To this end, high magnification advanced microstructural characterization in connection with the tensile flow and strain hardening (i.e., work hardening) behavior of the materials were studied. Ambient temperature uniaxial tensile tests, based on ASTM E8/E8M, were conducted on the LPBF and cast as well as post-heat treated (T7: overaged and stabilized) materials were performed systematically. Results show a pronounced discontinuous yielding for the LPBF material along with extended ductility. The tensile curve of the LPBF T7 heat-treated material showed some plastic instabilities (Portevin–Le Chatelier effect) in the inelastic region. However, none of these phenomena were observed in the cast material, while ductility is limited. These responses were attributed to the very high cooling/solidification rates experienced by the LPBF materials, which result in a very fine equiaxed and supersaturated aluminum grain structure as compared with the coarse-grained structure of the cast counter material.

The effects of microstructural and chemical surface gradients on fatigue performance of laser powder bed fusion AlSi10Mg

Internal and surface imperfections are known to reduce the fatigue strength of parts fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). Post-treatment can play a key role to ameliorate the adverse effects of these defects. In this study, severe vibratory peening, as a novel surface treatment based on severe plastic deformation, was applied for the first time on LPBF material. The effects of this mechanical surface treatment were investigated individually and in combination with heat treatment on microstructural and mechanical properties of V-notched LPBF AlSi10Mg samples. The results revealed the simultaneous formation of microstructural and chemical gradients on the surface layer of the mechanically treated samples, resulting in remarkable mechanical properties’ improvement. In addition, the hybrid thermal and mechanical post-treatment significantly improved the fatigue life compared to the as-built condition, through affecting multiple physical phenomena regarding surface and subsurface characteristics.

Comparison of the fatigue behavior of wrought and additively manufactured AISI 316L

Additive manufacturing (AM) is becoming increasingly important in engineering applications due to the possibility of producing components with a high geometrical complexity allowing for optimized forms with respect to the in-service functionality. Despite the promising potential, AM components are still far from being used in safety-relevant applications, mainly due to a lack of understanding of the feedstock-process-properties-performance relationship. This work aims at providing a full characterization of the fatigue behavior of the additively manufactured AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel and a direct comparison with the fatigue performance of the wrought steel. To this purpose, a set of specimens has been produced by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) and subsequently heat treated at 900 °C for 1 hour for complete stress relief, whereas a second set of specimens has been machined out of hot-rolled plates. Low cycle fatigue (LCF) and high cycle fatigue (HCF) tests have been conducted for characterizing the fatigue behavior. The L-PBF material had a higher fatigue limit and better finite life performance compared to wrought material. Both, LCF and HCF-testing revealed an extensive cyclic softening.

Microstructural-micromechanical correlation in an Al–Cu–Mg–Ag–TiB2 (A205) alloy: additively manufactured and cast

In this paper, the processing-structure-property correlation of a high-strength titanium-modified aluminum-copper alloy, i.e., Al–Cu–Mg–Ag–Ti–B (A205), in the laser powder-bed fusion (LPBF) and casting conditions are studied. The as-fabricated and heat-treated materials were considered for this study. As A205 is a heat-treatable aluminum alloy, the effects of different post-fabrication heat-treatment processes, (i) solution heat-treatment (SHT: 520°C for 2 h) and (ii) over-aging and stabilizing treatment (T7), were also assessed. To test the stated relationship in LPBF and cast conditions depth-sensing indentation testing and extensive structural analyses were performed. The morphology and distribution of precipitates and nanoparticles in the microstructure were analyzed using optical, scanning electron, and transmission electron microscopy. The average nanoindentation hardness at as-fabricated, SHT, and T7 conditions are 1.48 ± 0.04, 1.50 ± 0.03, and 1.56 ± 0.06 GPa for the LPBF samples and 1.34 ± 0.04, 1.52 ± 0.10, and 1.72 ± 0.09 GPa for the cast samples. Detailed microstructural analyses confirmed the presence of precipitates and reinforced particles and revealed their morphology. The fine equiaxed grains with the average grain size of 1.1 ± 0.4 μm in the as-built condition highly enhanced the mechanical properties compared to the cast counter material, where the average grain size was measured as 46.4 ± 10.5 μm. Heat treatment played a more effective role on the cast samples and the strength of the cast material exceeded the LPBF material considerably after T7 treatment. This study offers a new compositional window for the additive manufactured lightweight high-strength material categories for various applications including automotive and aerospace industries. Besides, our findings demonstrate the significance of controlling the precipitates through the post-fabrication heat treatment processes.

Electrochemical Polishing of Extruded and Laser Powder-Bed-Fused Inconel 718

ABSTRACT Electro-chemical polishing (ECP) was utilized to produce sub-micron surface finish on Inconel 718 parts manufactured by Laser Powder-Bed-Fusion (L-PBF) and extrusion methods. The L-PBF parts had very rough surfaces due to semi-welded powder particles, surface defects, and difference layer steps that were generally not found on surfaces of extruded and machined components. This study compared the results of electro-polishing of these differently manufactured parts under the same conditions. Titanium electrode was used with an acid-based electrolyte to polish both the specimens at different combinations of pulsed current density, duty cycle, and polishing time. Digital 3D optical profiler was used to assess the surface finish, while optical and scanning electron microscopy was utilized to observe the microstructure of polished specimens. At optimal condition, the ECP successfully reduced the surface of L-PBF part from 17 µm to 0.25 µm; further polishing did not improve the surface finish due to different removal rates of micro-leveled pores, cracks, nonconductive phases, and carbide particles in 3D-printed Inconel 718. The microstructure of extruded materials was uniform and free of processing defects, therefore can be polished consistently to 0.20 µm. Over-polishing of extruded material could improve its surface finish, but not for the L-PBF material due to defects and the surrounding micro-strain.

Effect of microstructure induced anisotropy on fatigue behaviour of functionally graded Inconel 718 fabricated by additive manufacturing

In this paper, the effect of microstructural anisotropy on the fatigue crack growth behaviour of the functionally graded Inconel 718 fabricated through laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) is investigated. Different manufacturing parameters, including low and high laser powers, were used to produce a variety of non-graded (NG) and functionally graded (G) specimens in two build directions, vertical and horizontal. In addition, a group of heat treated wrought samples was tested as a reference. It was observed that the different manufacturing parameters result in various grain size, crystallographic textures, precipitates and Laves phases, porosity, and un-melted particles. Three-point bending fatigue tests were conducted to measure the threshold stress intensity factor (ΔK th ) and fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR),da/dN. Only the lower laser power L-BPF Inconel material was found to have comparable to the wrought heat treated material fatigue crack growth behaviour. Furthermore, a new approach of automatically controlling ΔK as a function of the crack length was employed for graded specimens to investigate the crack growth rate as a function of local microstructure. The FCGR value of the vertical L-PBF samples, in which the crack direction was perpendicular to the build direction, remained constant. In contrast, the da/dN value of the horizontal samples with the crack direction parallel to the build direction increased constantly with the increase of the crack length. This behaviour is in good agreement with the hardness profile of the graded materials. Melt pool boundaries, graded interface boundaries, and grain orientations close to 〈001〉 were found to deflect the crack path. Additionally, it was found that L-PBF material is more affected (at a low stress ratio of R = 0.1) by the roughness-induced crack closure than the wrought counterparts. This study has successfully demonstrated the feasibility of using an additive manufacturing process to fabricate functionally graded materials featuring tailorable fatigue response of the local microstructures. • The hardness profiles of the functionally graded materials found to be highly affected by the build direction. • The Non-graded lower laser power material showed a comparable fatigue crack growth behaviour to the wrought material at a low stress ratio of R = 0.1. • The fatigue crack growth rate of the functionally graded materials along the crack length found to be almost constant for the V samples while it had an increasing trend for the H samples.

CuCrZr alloy produced by laser powder bed fusion: Microstructure, nanoscale strengthening mechanisms, electrical and mechanical properties

CuCrZr is a precipitation hardening alloy, used for its good electrical and thermal properties combined to high mechanical properties. Using additive manufacturing technologies, and more specifically the laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process, allows designing highly complex parts such as compact and efficient CuCrZr heat exchangers. Additional understanding of the specific CuCrZr metallurgy during this manufacturing process is still needed to fully take advantages of these possibilities. This work aimed (i) to clarify the impact of the L-PBF process and post-fabrication heat treatments on the microstructure of L-PBF CuCrZr alloy, (ii) to determine the corresponding mechanical and electrical properties and (iii) to quantify the contributions of the different nano-scale strengthening mechanisms (nano-precipitation, dislocations, solid solution, grain size refinement) depending on the different heat treatments. The microstructures of the CuCrZr samples are carefully analyzed at different scales thanks to scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy, highlighting the effect of the different heat treatments. In all heat-treated samples, Cr nano-precipitates are uniformly dispersed in the Cu matrix; few Zr nano-precipitates are observed either at grain boundaries, next to Cr nano-precipitates, or inside the Cu matrix. Moreover, the mean grain size, dislocation density, mean radius and volume fraction of the Chromium nano-precipitates are measured. These data are introduced in the identified hardening mechanisms to estimate the yield strengths (YS) of the different analyzed CuCrZr microstructures. The results are compared to the experimental values, including those of a reference wrought heat-treated CuCrZr, and discussed. A good correlation is found between calculated and experimental values. For the first time, the main hardening mechanisms of L-PBF CuCrZr are quantified and the interest of the “L-PBF + Direct Age Hardening (DAH)” process route to get a high amount of Cr nano-precipitates is confirmed. The DAH applied to L-PBF materials provides high mechanical properties (184 HV1 hardness, YS = 527 MPa, UTS = 585 MPa) while keeping a good elongation (14%) and electrical conductivity (42 MS.m−1). These results are due to a combination between (i) a high Cr nano-precipitates density, leading to a high precipitation hardening, and (ii) a high dislocation density associated to the presence of remaining solidification cells.

Dual-metal laser powder bed fusion of iron- and cobalt-based alloys

A dual-metal laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) of cobalt-chrome‑molybdenum-based superalloy and maraging steel has been carried out using an EOS M290 machine. The ideal orientations of the dual-metal material were established using an electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique. Three sections were analyzed: a) the cobalt-based alloy area, b) the iron-based alloy area, and c) the interface between the iron- and cobalt-based alloys. A strong 〈110〉||building direction (BD) fiber texture dominates the cobalt-based material, while the iron-based alloy exhibits 〈111〉||BD and 〈100〉||BD fiber textures. The texture in the interface changes from 〈100〉||BD at the bottom of the interface (close to maraging steel section) to <110>||BD at the top section (near the cobalt-chrome‑molybdenum-based superalloy section). Moreover, the diffusion calculations suggest a negligible diffusion depth in the interface, which avoids any possible formation of detrimental intermetallics. The information from this work can be utilized to control the texture of the dual-metal LPBF material to optimize various physical and mechanical properties while ensuring that no unwanted solid solution alloying takes place along the interface.

A hybrid framework to estimate the surface state and fatigue performance of laser powder bed fusion materials after shot peening

Despite the rapid growth of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, AM parts usually present relatively poor surface quality in as-built condition. This necessitates the application of customized post surface treatments to efficiently enhance the surface quality and alleviate the adverse effects of high surface roughness and extremely irregular surface morphology on fatigue strength of AM metallic materials. In this paper, starting from an as-built AM surface, a detailed numerical model is developed to effectively estimate the surface morphology of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) AlSi10Mg specimens after shot peening. The obtained results are then incorporated into two analytical approaches to evaluate the fatigue strength of different series. The accuracy of the model is validated by comparisons made with experimental data obtained considering as-built and shot peened specimens both before and after heat treatment. The results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid approach can serve as a powerful package not only to determine the beneficial contribution of shot peening on the surface morphology of AM material but also to provide an accurate and rather reliable approximation of their fatigue strength.

Tensile and fatigue crack growth behavior of commercially pure titanium produced by laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing

The effects of build orientation and post heat treatments on the tensile and fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior of commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) manufactured by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) using grade 2 powder were examined. Two orthogonal build orientations were used in conjunction with hot isostatic pressing (HIP) both above (950 °C) and below (730 °C) the β-transus temperature and property comparisons were also made to commercially available wrought material. The HIP treatments coarsened the α grain structure, reduced the tensile strength, and increased the fatigue crack growth threshold. The LPBF materials were generally stronger and more fatigue resistant than the wrought material due higher interstitial oxygen and nitrogen content. Additionally, higher tensile strength values were found for one build orientation with higher nitrogen content that was attributed to the different thermal histories during LPBF. However, the build orientation effect was not observed for the FCG behavior of the LPBF material and the FCG resistance at low growth rates were mainly controlled by the grain size. This was in sharp contrast to the wrought material which showed strong anisotropy in the microstructure sensitive fatigue crack growth regime due to strong crystallographic texture. At higher growth rates, FCG became microstructure insensitive when the cyclic plastic zone size became of similar order of magnitude to the grain size. • Fatigue crack growth rates measured for laser powder bed fusion CP-Ti. • Interstitial pickup during fabrication raised tensile strength and fatigue resistance. • Microstructure sensitive growth when cyclic plastic zone - grain size ratio is ≲1–4. • α'/α lath thickness and interstitial content controlled fatigue crack growth rates. • Build orientation had negligible effect on fatigue crack growth.

The creep behaviour of nickel alloy 718 manufactured by laser powder bed fusion

Components manufactured by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) are limited by their performance for use in critical applications. LPBF materials have microstructural defects, such as suboptimal grain size and morphology, and macroscale anomalies, such as lack of fusion. This results in LPBF components performing below their wrought counterparts for various mechanical properties, such as creep which has seldom been researched. To understand the creep behaviour of LPBF alloy 718, parts were fabricated using different scanning strategies and build orientations and creep tested at 650 °C under a 600 MPa load. Heat treatment increased the creep life by a factor of 5, confirming its necessity. The build orientation and stress state were shown to be determining factors in the creep failure mechanisms. The Meander scanning strategy resulted in a 58% increase in creep life compared to the Stripe strategy, due to the detrimental effects of the numerous laser overlapping regions in the Stripe strategy. For a given strategy, a 24% increase in creep life compared to wrought alloy 718 was observed, indicating that LPBF has the potential to surpass wrought material properties. As a result of this work, it is possible to propose build strategies for high temperature creep applications.

Comparison of powder bed fusion and directed energy deposition for tailoring mechanical properties of traditionally brittle alloys

The mechanical performance of an Fe-Co intermetallic alloy processed by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) and laser directed energy deposition (L-DED) additive manufacturing is compared. L-PBF material was characterized by high strength (500–550 MPa) and high ductility (35%) in tension, corresponding to a ~250% increase in strength and an order-of-magnitude improvement in ductility relative to conventional material. Conversely, L-DED material exhibited similarly poor tensile properties to the conventional wrought alloy, with low strength (200–300 MPa) and low ductility (0–2.7%). The disparity in properties between L-PBF and L-DED material is discussed in the context of the fundamental differences between manufacturing methods.

The effect of build direction and heat treatment on atmospheric stress corrosion cracking of laser powder bed fusion 316L austenitic stainless steel

Austenitic stainless steels are susceptible to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) when exposed to chloride ions and tensile stresses. For laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) components, high residual tensile stresses exist from the large thermal gradients during solidification. While post fabrication heat treatments can relieve residual stresses, their effectiveness in improving SCC resistance of LPBF material is undetermined. The effects of different heat treatments (i.e. temperature and cooling method) and build orientations on SCC susceptibility of LPBF 316L were explored. Samples were exposed to MgCl 2 and maintained at 75 °C and 70% RH for the test duration. Cracks were highly branched and propagated perpendicularly to build direction even in the presence of an applied perpendicular 60 MPa stress. Vertical as-built specimens exhibited higher cracking densities than horizontal ones, due to higher surface residual stresses. SCC and corrosion favoured one side for horizontal specimens while the distribution was random for vertical specimens. After 750 °C (2 h, furnace cooled) heat treatment, SCC susceptibility reduced for vertical 316L but increased for horizontal 316L. This was attributed to competing effects: reduction in residual surface tensile stresses (beneficial) and loss of non-equilibrium microstructure (detrimental). Encapsulation to prevent oxidation during heat treatment negatively impacted SCC resistance of LPBF 316L, likely due to changes to surface oxide condition. No SCC was observed after 900 °C (0.5 h) heat treatments within the test duration, however, pitting corrosion persisted.

Effects of hybrid post-treatments on fatigue behaviour of notched LPBF AlSi10Mg: experimental and deep learning approaches

Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) as one of the widely used technologies of additive manufacturing (AM), has a high capability to produce complex geometries such as notched parts in a layer-by-layer manner. LPBF parts in their as built state have inhomogeneous and anisotropic microstructure and poor surface quality. Post-treatments can play a key role in modulating these imperfections. In this study, the effects of four different post-treatments including heat treatment, shot peening and electro-chemical polishing as well as their combination as hybrid treatment were investigated on microstructure, surface and mechanical properties and finally fatigue behaviour of the LPBF V-notched AlSi10Mg samples. Afterward, a deep learning based approach was employed for modelling the fatigue behaviour via artificial neural network. Surface roughness, surface modification factor, hardness, residual stress and porosities were considered as inputs and fatigue life was considered as the output. Model function of the network was generated and the relevant parametric and sensitivity analyses were performed. The results indicated the importance of surface related properties and the notable effect of the surface post-treatments in enhancing the fatigue performance of the LPBF material.

Additive manufacturing of a near-eutectic Mo–Si–B alloy: Processing and resulting properties

This paper presents the first comprehensive study on additive manufacturing of a high-melting near-eutectic Mo–Si–B alloy by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF). An overview about the ambient and high temperature material properties of a Mo-16.5Si-7.5B alloy is given. Therefore, the near-eutectic Mo–Si–B alloy was gas atomized and the powder was analyzed. After developing suitable process parameters for the generation of crack-free samples, the microstructure of the L-PBF material was analyzed in detail using SEM/EDS and EBSD analyses. In terms of mechanical properties, the brittle-to-ductile transformation temperature (BDTT) and the creep rate at a potential application temperature were determined.

Thin-wall effects and anisotropic deformation mechanisms of an additively manufactured Ni-based superalloy

Abstract Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) of Ni-based superalloys shows great potential for high temperature applications, for example, as a burner repair application for gas turbines where the thin-walled structure is important. It motivates this work to investigate the evolution of microstructure and the anisotropic mechanical behavior when plate-like specimens are built with a thickness from 4 mm down to 1 mm. By performing texture analysis using neutron diffraction, a clear transition in fiber texture from to is indicated when the specimen becomes thinner. The residual stress shows no thickness dependence, and at the subsurface the residual stress reaches the same level as the yield strength. Due to the rough as-built surface, a roughness compensation method for mechanical properties of thin-walled structures is outlined and demonstrated. Tensile tests from room temperature up to 700 °C have been carried out. Anisotropic mechanical behavior is found at all temperatures, which is strongly related to the anisotropic texture evolution. Stronger texture evolution and grain rotations are discovered when the tensile loading is applied along the building direction. The mechanical behavior has been compared to a wrought material, where the high dislocation density and the subgrain structure of the LPBF material result in a higher yield strength. Combining the statistical texture analysis by neutron diffraction with mechanical testing, EBSD grain orientation mapping and the investigation of dislocation structures using transmission electron microscopy, this work illustrates the significance of texture for the thin-wall effect and anisotropic mechanical behavior of LPBF materials.