Large Vegetation Research Articles

Determination of planting crops using satellite data at Shonai Plain in Japan

Shonai Plain is famous paddy area in Japan. As a countermeasure overproduction of rice in Japan, there are many other crops not rice in the paddy fields. We try to determination of planted crops using satellite data. Recently, in Asian countries, GIS is spread widely and agricultural field polygon is commonly used. Crop determination using the polygon is becoming popular. Normally, fields are used without changing, but sometimes, one field is divided two or three fields, and two or three fields are integrated one field. It is necessary to overlay satellite image and the polygon, and to check with fitting or not. In case of mismatch, field polygon must be corrected. Simultaneously with this confirmation work for each field polygon, the optical satellite data were classified as water surface ‘water’, vegetation as ‘vegetation’, bare soil as ‘soil’ and ‘cannot determination’. In the SAR image, we classify 4 degrees, as small scattering of the water surface ‘0’, scattering slightly larger than the water surface ‘1’, larger than the water surface ‘2’, and large scattering ‘3’. The crop determination is performed according to the following standard using to the time series data. (a) Rice: Almost water surface at rice planting time and following several weeks. In summer, there is large vegetation. (b) Wheat: There is large vegetation at rice planting time, and small vegetation at summer. (c) Soybean: There is small vegetation at rice planting time, and large vegetation in summer. Using this evaluation criteria, we performed the crop classifications in Shonai Pain by ALOS2 and Sentinel2 data, and the correct answer rates are more than 95% at both satellite data.

Studi komparasi traffic island Ciung Wanara di Gianyar dengan traffic island Satrya Gatotkaca di Tuban

Comparative study of Ciung Wanara traffic island in Gianyar with Satrya Gatotkaca traffic island In Tuban. Traffic island is an island in the middle of the road that serves to direct the flow of traffic and a waiting place for the user to cross the road. Traffic island of Ciung Wanara in Gianyar and Traffic island of Satrya Gatotkaca in Tuban had turned their function of being a place of recreation for the community. The purpose of this study is to invent existing condition of Ciung Wanara and Satrya Gatotkaca traffic island. This study also provides recommendations in the form of designs that can improve the function of the site. The method used in this research was field survey by conducting observation, distributing questioner and doing interview. Research showed that, users in Ciung Wanara traffic island were dominated by student while users who came to the traffic island Satrya Gatotkaca were dominated by employees. The selection of vegetation bettwen the traffic island of Ciung Wanara and traffic island of Satrya Gatotkaca very different. Vegetation in the traffic island of Ciung Wanara used more of large size vegetation that can block the view of the user of the vehicle, while the vegetation used in the traffic island of Satrya Gatotkaca use lower plants size. The recommendation given in both locations was to add access to traffic island of Ciung Wanara so as to make easier for users to find the right place to cross, while traffic island of Satrya Gatotkaca was arraged it crossing space for more convenient and secure for users to passed the crosswalk.

Vacuum-assisted vegetation removal with percutaneous lead extraction: a systematic review of the literature.

To perform a systematic review of reports in which the AngioVac™ percutaneous vacuum-assisted aspiration system was successfully used to debulk or remove vegetations prior to percutaneous lead extraction. We included all studies and case reports that used a percutaneous aspiration technique for vegetation removal or debulking with percutaneous lead extraction for patients with lead-associated endocarditis. Ten reports and retrospective data from our centers were used, which included a total of 88 patients and 205 leads. The percutaneous aspiration procedure was completely or partially successful in 86 patients (97.7%). The lead extraction procedure itself was successful in 87 patients (98.9%). The aspiration procedure and lead extraction were done concomitantly in 81 patients (92.0%). Four patients (4.5%) had major complications (two due to vascular injuries, one due to coronary sinus injury, and one due to tricuspid valve injury). There were no complications from the aspiration procedure, and no cases were associated with procedure-related mortality. While patients with large vegetations have historically been referred for surgical lead extraction, data are lacking in its techniques and outcomes. Existing data suggest that percutaneous vacuum-assisted aspiration for vegetation removal or debulking in endocarditis prior to or concurrent with percutaneous lead extraction has a high success rate with a low complication rate across a broad series of patients.

Delayed diagnosis of right-sided valve endocarditis causing recurrent pulmonary abscesses: a case report

BackgroundPulmonary valve infective endocarditis is a rare diagnosis that is usually associated with immunocompromised states or structurally abnormal hearts. It is unusual for it to occur in structurally normal hearts or to cause recurrent symptoms after targeted antibiotics. Although guidelines suggest follow-up with repeat echocardiography and inflammatory marker surveillance, this case demonstrates that these are not always useful investigations, and instead imaging of the chest may be more appropriate.Case presentationWe describe a case of a 74-year-old man who presented with respiratory symptoms and was originally misdiagnosed with pneumonia but later found to have a large pulmonary valve vegetation caused by Streptococcus mitis. Despite initially responding to antibiotic therapy, the vegetation continued to cause pulmonary emboli and cavitating lung abscesses months later, necessitating pulmonary valve replacement.ConclusionsThis case demonstrates that pulmonary valve endocarditis can present atypically with recurrent respiratory symptoms, and in such cases, echocardiography should be considered to investigate for right-sided infective endocarditis. In addition, despite correct treatment, with normalization of inflammatory markers and improvement in vegetation size, infective endocarditis can continue to cause systemic symptoms. Finally, clinicians should consider chest computed tomography routinely as part of right-sided infective endocarditis follow-up.

Large herbivore population and vegetation dynamics 14,600–8300 years ago in central Latvia, northeastern Europe

This study seeks to explain how the large herbivore (large vertebrate, megafauna – terrestrial taxa with adults >45 kg) population density changed during abrupt postglacial climate and environmental change. The Lateglacial and Early Holocene (14,600–8300 years ago) were represented by various environmental and climate changes and a transition from a cold to a warm climate, with subsequent changes in flora and fauna. Using Lake Āraiši as a case study (Latvia, northeastern Europe), local to regional vegetation was reconstructed by analyzing plant macroremains and pollen from the lake sediment profile. Here, we present the first dung fungus spore-based qualitative reconstruction of large herbivore population density from northeastern Europe. Although there was no distinct pattern of large herbivore population variability during the Lateglacial and Early Holocene, higher densities were suggested during warm and relatively stable climatic and environmental conditions. Our findings imply that herbivores did not constantly live at high densities around one lake but rather were dynamic and moved/migrated according to their needs. Because large herbivores reintroduced today live in reserves (commonly fixed areas surrounded by physical borders), they might be more vulnerable to rapid climatic and environmental change compared to those mammals that lived during the Lateglacial and Early Holocene. Hence, they would have only two possible options – adapt or go extinct.

The association between vegetation size and surgical treatment on 6-month mortality in left-sided infective endocarditis.

In left-sided infective endocarditis (IE), a large vegetation >10 mm is associated with higher mortality, yet it is unknown whether surgery during the acute phase opposed to medical therapy is associated with improved survival. We assessed the association between surgery and 6-month mortality as related to vegetation size. Patients with definite, left-sided IE (2008-2012) from The International Collaboration on Endocarditis prospective, multinational registry were included. We compared clinical characteristics and 6-month mortality (by Cox regression with inverse propensity of treatment weighting) between patients with vegetation size ≤10 mm vs. >10 mm in maximum length by surgical treatment strategy. A total of 1006 patients with left sided IE were included; 422 with a vegetation size ≤10 mm (median age 66.0 years, 33% women) and 584 (median age 58.4 years, 34% women) patients with a large vegetation >10 mm. Operative risk by STS-IE score was similar between groups. Embolic events occurred in 28.4% vs. 44.3% (P < 0.001), respectively. Patients with a vegetation >10 mm was associated with higher 6-month mortality (25.1% vs. 19.4% for small vegetation, P = 0.035). However, after propensity adjustment, the association with higher mortality persisted only in patients with a large vegetation >10 mm vs. ≤10 mm: hazard ratio (HR) 1.55 (1.27-1.90); but only in patients with large vegetation managed medically [HR 1.86 (1.48-2.34)] rather than surgically [HR 1.01 (0.69-1.49)]. Left-sided IE with vegetation size >10 mm was associated with an increased mortality at 6 months in this observational study but was dependent on treatment strategy. For patients with large vegetation undergoing surgical treatment, survival was similar to patients with smaller vegetation size.

Percutaneous repair of healed endocarditis of the mitral valve using MitraClip devices around a large mobile vegetation.

Percutaneous repair of healed endocarditis of the mitral valve using MitraClip devices around a large mobile vegetation.

PERCUTANEOUS USE OF THE ANGIOVAC SYSTEM IN ENDOCARDITIS PATIENTS WHO ARE POOR SURGICAL CANDIDATES

The tricuspid valve is involved in 10-25% of all cases of endocarditis. Antibiotics remain the cornerstone treatment. Surgical intervention is indicated for persistent bacteremia, recurrent embolization despite appropriate antibiotics, large vegetations or refractory congestive heart failure. In

VACUUM-ASSISTED VEGETATION REMOVAL PRIOR TO PERCUTANEOUS LEAD EXTRACTION: A META-ANALYSIS

Percutaneous transvenous lead extraction is preferred in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) in the setting of endocarditis, but those with large vegetations are at higher risk for complications. We performed a meta-analysis of studies in which the novel Angiovac system was

Climate–fire–vegetation interactions and the rise of novel landscape patterns in subalpine ecosystems, Colorado

Abstract Interactions at multiple scales can shape how forest ecosystems respond to both climate change and disturbance. At landscape scales, feedbacks cause vegetation and wildfire regimes to alter one another, while forest patterns at local scales can result from feedbacks between plants and their abiotic environment. Consequently, disturbances and abiotic changes may give rise to forest patterns that further affect processes like wildfire. Examples may exist in the history of subalpine ribbon forests, which are alternating areas of forest and meadow where snow drifting and linear bands of trees depend upon each other. Just as ongoing climate changes may change snow levels and the dynamics in these forests, past climate changes and wildfires may have generated the conditions suitable for ribbon forests. To examine feedbacks in subalpine forests and the potential that climate changes and fires gave rise to ribbon forests, we obtained six fossil pollen records from a subalpine landscape in Colorado. Forests there may have responded to climate change and widespread wildfires ˜1,000 years ago when &gt;80% of sites on the landscape burned within a century. The fires coincided with regional warming, but the extent of burning declined before the climate cooled, possibly driven by changes in fuel structure and composition. The pollen records indicate that large vegetation changes coincided with the widespread wildfires at five of the six sites. Pollen assemblages consistent with ribbon forests first became important at this time as sagebrush (Artemisia) and other meadow taxa increased and conifers, especially spruce (Picea) declined. The ribbon forests emerged as novel fuel breaks at the time when temperatures rose ˜0.5°C but the number of sites burned per century declined. Cooling during the Little Ice Age then expanded the openings and extent of ribbon forests, probably helping to reduce the frequency of fires across our sites to its minimum. Synthesis. The rise of ribbon forests in northern Colorado illustrates how climate and fire can interact to rapidly transform landscapes and disturbance regimes. The interactions can produce forest patterns with unexpected consequences such as reduced wildfire despite regional warming.

Multicultural responses to environmental changes of the Holocene in the Nihewan-Huliu Basin of North China

The Nihewan-Huliu Basin was located in environmental transition zone, where was an important multicultural intersection in North China. The geographical and ecological transition was revealed by large scale vegetation changes, and the climatic changes had been estimated during the Holocene based on comprehensive comparison and analysis of the paleoenvironmental records surrounding the study area. Meanwhile, multicultural exchanges were represented based on the spatial distributions of archaeological sites in the Neolithic and Bronze Age. It is proposed that repeated multicultural exchanges and integration were inferential responses to the complex spatial-temporal evolution of the climate, ecology and geography near the Nihewan-Huliu Basin, especially, diverse cultures converged here from different directions after the abrupt cold events or serious climate changes in the mid-Holocene; the spatial connectivity with intermontane rivers and basins provided potential pathways for sustainable multicultural exchanges among mountains; the North-South movement of the forest boundary compelled the formation of steppe-forest and farming-pastoral ecotone here, and finally formed an active multicultural core region with integrated human civilization in North China.

Performance of a modified solar chimney power plant for power generation and vegetation

This paper develops a mathematical model to investigate the performance of a modified solar chimney power plant (MSCPP) for purposes of both power generation and vegetation. It then estimates the net added benefit. Results show that with the vegetation area enlarging, the mass flow rate (MFR) of the vapor increases, and more heat is used as the latent heat for water evaporation, leading to considerable reduction of the power. Vapor condensation from the saturated air occurs only for very large vegetation area. On a cooler day, the plant produces less power and the condensation occurs for smaller vegetation area. Higher relative humidity of ambient air results in clear reduction of the MFR of the vapor evaporating from the vegetation area, and accordingly the great enhancement of the power. The benefit from agricultural products is larger than the benefit loss caused by the electricity loss, and the benefit of fresh water condensed from the saturated air is negligible. This leads to the benefit increase for the MSCPP compared to the conventional plant. The benefit increase becomes greater with larger vegetation area. When the chimney is heightened from 1000 m to 1500 m, the power is greatly enhanced; however, the net added benefit becomes smaller.

The Effect of Embolic Phenomenon on Surgery in Native versus Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis

Background: Cardiac surgery is an important component of therapy in infective endocarditis (IE). However, the evidence in favour of early surgery especially in patients with prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) with recurrent emboli and/or large vegetations is less robust. This study aimed to characterise the frequency of embolisation in PVE versus native valve endocarditis (NVE) and delay in surgery as a result of emboli. Methods: This is a retrospective single centre study at Fiona Stanley Hospital, WA and included 56-patients with confirmed IE receiving operative intervention between 2015–2019. Their medical/surgical records were examined. Results: 11 (19%) patients from the 56-patient cohort receiving surgery had PVE. Patients with PVE had significantly lower rates of embolisation with 18% (2 cases) having radiological evidence of embolisation compared to 42% (19 cases) of NVE. Of the 11 cases with PVE, 3 (27%) had vegetations >0.9 cm of which 1 showed evidence of systemic emboli. NVE had 22 cases (49%) with vegetations >0.9 cm of which 13 embolised. The PVE group on average waited 8.4 ± 3.8 days for surgery from time of admission while the NVE group waited 9.1 ± 7.7 days. The analysis of embolic versus non-embolic group from admission to surgery showed those with embolic phenomenon had on average a longer wait; 10.5 ± 8.8 days compared to the non-embolic with a mean wait of 7.5 ± 4.7 days for surgery. Conclusions: Patients with PVE had lower rates of embolisation than those with NVE which may have delayed surgery in the latter group.

The effect of conscientious intelligence on the ability to manage patient expectations: Example from a university hospital

Infective endocarditis (IE) is still associated with severe complications and poor prognosis. The surgery of IE has various technical difficulties due to severe infection, inflammation of heart tissue, and systemic effects, so controversies continue about the optimal timing of operation. This study presents the treatment approaches, early and late-term outcomes of IE patients, who underwent surgery.This retrospective descriptive study is conducted with 46 patients (31males) operated between 2002-2018. The demographics and preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative data of patients were analyzed from the clinical database and patient records. Emergency surgery was performed to 15 (32.26%) patients.Numbers of patients with mitral valve, aortic valve, and prosthetic valve endocarditis were 14, 25, 7 respectively. Aortic valve replacement (AVR), mitral valve replacement (MVR), MVR + AVR and mitral valve repair were performed in 24, 12, 8 and 2 patients, respectively. Additionally, pericardial patch repair (periannular abscess or damage (n=12), aorta-right atrial fistulae (n=3)), debulking of associated tricuspid valve vegetation (n=2), tricuspid De Vega annuloplasty (n=3), Bentall operation (n=1) and aortic root enlargement (n=5) were performed. The mean follow-up period and mortality rates were 24.86 ± 38.98 months, 13.04% respectively. The mean survival and reoperation-free time were 179.02 ± 13.78 and 203 ± 10.09 months, respectively. Patients can be managed appropriately with early diagnosis, aggressive medical and surgical treatment via a multidisciplinary approach with customized management according to guidelines in terms of individual characteristics. In cases of worsening hemodynamic status, uncontrolled infection, large and mobile vegetations surgery should be performed as soon as possible.

Epidemiological estimates of Acute Respiratory diseases and Asthma using Geostatistical tools in Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Event Abstract Back to Event Epidemiological estimates of Acute Respiratory diseases and Asthma using Geostatistical tools in Rawalpindi, Pakistan Ahmad S. Saeed1* and Javiria Younis1 1 Fatima Jinnah Women University, Pakistan Respiratory diseases are a major cause of death in developing countries. Allocation of scarce resources in developing countries is a major problem for which identification of high risk areas and patterns of disease spread are necessary. A Cohort study design was used in this study.Using 2011-2015 diseased person data for Acute Respiratory Diseases and Asthma from District Health Office, Rawalpindi we examined emerging hotspots and spatiotemporal trends of diseases spread by using geostatistical tools in ArcGIS 10.2. Climatic parameters and land use was also correlated with disease incidence to examine the effect on disease spread. Pattern of diseases was found to be random throughout the district and incidence rate per thousand people was highest for tehsil Kotli Sattian. Most of the hotspots lied in the areas with large settlements and dense vegetation cover. Cold related Asthma and Acute Respiratory Diseases was also revealed along with the seasonal outbreaks of Asthma in mid spring and autumn. Shift of Asthma towards denser vegetation areas and towards agricultural areas was seen for Acute Respiratory Diseases. Climatic parameters such as temperature and rainfall also showed strong correlation with disease incidence. Rawalpindi district is prone to cold weather related Asthma and Acute Respiratory Diseases. There is a need to conduct detailed study on aeroallergens and air pollution in study area especially in high risk areas to control the spread and intensity of these respiratory diseases. Acknowledgements Authors are thankful to District Health Office for provision of data Keywords: Respiratory diseases, Hotspot analysis, Air Pollutants, Pakistan, Asthama Conference: GeoVet 2019. Novel spatio-temporal approaches in the era of Big Data, Davis, United States, 8 Oct - 10 Oct, 2019. Presentation Type: Regular oral presentation Topic: Emerging GIS, data science and sensor technologies adapted to animal, plant and human health, including precision medicine and precision farming Citation: Saeed AS and Younis J (2019). Epidemiological estimates of Acute Respiratory diseases and Asthma using Geostatistical tools in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Front. Vet. Sci. Conference Abstract: GeoVet 2019. Novel spatio-temporal approaches in the era of Big Data. doi: 10.3389/conf.fvets.2019.05.00005 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 17 Jun 2019; Published Online: 27 Sep 2019. * Correspondence: Mx. Ahmad S Saeed, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, drsaeed@fjwu.edu.pk Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Ahmad S Saeed Javiria Younis Google Ahmad S Saeed Javiria Younis Google Scholar Ahmad S Saeed Javiria Younis PubMed Ahmad S Saeed Javiria Younis Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

Infective Endocarditis in Tetralogy of Fallot Complicating Brain Abscess—A Case Report

Aim: To report a case of solitary, parietal lobe abscess in a boy, aged 16 years in Tetralogy of Fallot. Introduction: Infective endocarditis is a serious and fatal complication in congenital heart disease. Following bacterial endocarditis, ventricular septal defect (VSD) and Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) have less morbidity and higher survival rate in children. Neurological complications were recognized in 20% of cases and brain abscess is a serious infection of brain parenchyma as a result of seeding of infective pathogens in the shunted blood from the right side of the heart. Case Report: A 16 year old boy had Tetralogy of Fallot, presented with altered sensorium of sudden onset. Echocardiography revealed a large vegetation, attached to the ventricular septum and a large VSD with overriding of aorta. CT brain revealed a large abscess cavity in the parietal lobe, which was evacuated by aspiration and treated with antibiotics. Conclusion: Any patient presented with altered sensorium in cyanotic congenital heart disease must be evaluated with CT scanning for brain abscess and also check hematocrit to rule out hyperviscosity syndrome. Lumbar puncture has been considered hazardous in patients with brain abscess and usually performed under a strong suspicion of meningitis or ventriculitis in the absence of increased intracranial pressure.

Risk factors of embolic complications in infective endocarditis in 250 cases

Embolic complications are a major determinant in the clinical course of infective endocarditis (IE) Deduce the predictors factors of embolic complications in patients with IE. A retrospective study conducted in the department of la Rabta hospital from 1996 t0 2016, we analysed; the record of 250 cases of infective endocarditis with a certain diagnosis according to Duckes critera. Univariate and multivariate study were realized in order to derminate predictor factors of emblic events inIE. The mean age was 40 ± 5, endocarditis were in native valve in 150 cases and in valve remplacement in 100 cases. Blood culture was positive in 46% of cases; and a Staphylococcus was isolated in 40% of patients. Major embolic complication occurred in 25% of patients, neurologic complications are the most frequent (35%)then splenic 45%, and pulmonary 20%). In multivariate analysis Independents factors of embolic complications in IE were Staphylococcus infections, large vegetations, mitral localization of IE, abscess. Identification of risk factors leading to embolism in IE may be useful in considering early surgical therapy.

Discriminating Weathering Degree by Integrating Optical Sensor and SAR Satellite Images for Potential Mapping of Groundwater Resources in Basement Aquifers of Semiarid Regions

Unlike in coastal and sedimentary basins, regional-scale exploration of groundwater resources using only geophysical methods is costlier in consolidated rocks such as volcanic rocks and crystalline basement complexes in Africa because of the highly heterogeneous structure of aquifers. Therefore, advanced analysis of remotely sensed images and an accurate assessment of groundwater resources are crucial before carrying out a geophysical prospecting survey. This study proposed a joint analysis of satellite images from optical sensors and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) which aimed to enhance potential mapping accuracy of groundwater resources in crystalline rock areas in a semiarid region. The backscattering coefficient of the SAR data analysis effectively detected the zones of relatively high weathering degree and thus having thick permeable regolith. In addition, a modified clay index calculated from the four band reflectances of the optical sensor image—red, near infrared, and two shortwave infrared bands—was applied to discriminate clay-rich zones from high vegetation activity zones. The clay-rich zones detected corresponded with the highly weathered zones estimated from the small SAR backscattering coefficients. The zones also corresponded with a large density of faults and lineaments and furthermore were verified by high potential yields from groundwater wells. The thickness of weathered zones was likely to increase with a decreasing backscattering coefficient and higher modified clay index values. Conversely, large backscattering coefficients in the narrow zones along the major lineaments from large volumetric scattering because of high vegetation activity, as confirmed by the large vegetation index values, suggested that high moisture content was retained in the soils. In fact, the potential yields of the groundwater wells tended to increase near the lineaments. Accordingly, shallow groundwater occurrence is plausible in those zones.

Pulsatile torso: giant cardiomegaly from untreated tricuspid endocarditis

A 32-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain, dyspnoea and associated fevers. Five years previously, she had been diagnosed with tricuspid valve endocarditis secondary to streptococcus mutans bacteraemia in the setting...

Implantable device-related endocarditis detected by point-of-care echocardiography in a patient with dyspnea and chest pain

We describe a case of a 70-year-old man who presented to the emergency department with dyspnea and chest pain. He had history of atrial fibrillation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, prosthetic mitral valve and pacemaker implantation. He had a sepsis related to multiple bilateral septic emboli pointed out by chest computed tomography scan. Point of care echocardiography showed a pacemaker-related endocarditis with large vegetation on the right ventricular lead. The patient started empiric antibiotic therapy and he was addressed to complete hardware removal.