Large-scale Integration Projects Research Articles

Інтереси провідних воєнно-політичних сил як головні детермінанти розвитку безпекового середовища в контексті безпеки України

Long-term foresight of the evolution of the security environment is the basis for further solving the problems of defense planning in the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine and the Armed Forces of Ukraine. From a scientific view-point, this is a rather difficult problem that can be solved by a systemic representation of the security environment, proceeding from the assumption of the primacy of the interests of military-political forces. If these interests form and determine the security environment and are stable over a sufficiently long-time interval, then we can predict the security environment in the long term based on an analysis of the most generalized interests of military-political forces that we observe today. Applying this concept of foresight, the authors consider the interests of the leading military-political forces: the United States, China, the EU and Russia. The main long-term interest of the United States will remain the preservation of a unipolar world order with its own domination. In accordance with this, the United States is interested in resisting any attempts to increase the influence of other military-political forces. China will be the biggest problem for the United States. China launched a large-scale integration project "One Belt, One Road" aimed at getting closer to the EU and increasing own influence in Europe. If successful, this project will lead to the expulsion of the United States from the Eurasian continent. The interests of the EU have a predominantly economic dimension: access to commodity and consumer markets. At the same time, the interests of the EU are also determined by civilizational proximity to the United States. Russia supported the Chinese integration project. She is interested in strengthening the economy and restoring influence in the post-Soviet space. The interference of the interests of the leading forces paints a contradictory antagonistic picture of the future, which will be determined by the availability of the resources necessary to advance the interests. Today we see a tendency for the US to weaken. But neither China nor Russia will be able to project their strength over the entire Eurasian continent, which determines an increase in the potential for conflict in the future.

НЕОБХОДИМОСТЬ, ОСУЩЕСТВИМОСТЬ И ВЫБОР ПУТИ СОПРЯЖЕНИЯ БОЛЬШОГО ЕВРАЗИЙСКОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА И ИНИЦИАТИВЫ «ОДИН ПОЯС, ОДИН ПУТЬ»

The article covers the combination of two large-scale integration projects, the Great Eurasian Partnership (Russian Federation) and the initiative called One Belt, One Path (People’s Republic of China). Following the joint statement of the People’s Republic of China and the Russian Federation dated 5 June 2019, which sets out the fundamental provisions of a comprehensive partnership and strategic interaction between the two countries, the author states that the cooperation between Russia and China is conditioned by a number of the political, economic, cultural, and geographical factors; that it can bring tangible benefits not only to Moscow and Beijing, but to almost the entire Eurasian continent, as well as stabilise the global situation. However, in the process of their interaction Russia and China constantly encounter various obstacles, which manifest themselves at the bilateral, regional, and global levels and significantly slow down the implementation of joint projects, which are mutually beneficial. In this work, the author proves that the cumulative intensifying effect on the cooperation between Russia and China can be provided by the strategy of “pairing” integration projects of Russia and China, which the parties have been implementing quite consistently and steadily since 2014.

A Review on: CO2 Capture Technology on Fossil Fuel Power Plant

World energy consumption has been increasing steadily since industrialization, and especially within the last 30 years, this recent increase is also the major cause for the increase in CO2 concentration in the atmosphere, climate change is a key issue in power industry. Fossil fuels play a central role in our energy consumption. To make progress in low carbon development, more efforts should be made, in order to set up ways to reduce GHG emissions under current social, economic, technological and resource conditions. This task will undergo pressures and face challenges, but will also provide incentives and opportunities. This paper discusses the perspectives for development at the Progress on Carbon Capture Use and Storage (CCUS/CCS) in fossil fuels Power Plants, which is a vital component to reduce future carbon emissions, in the global fight against climate change. This year, power companies began invitations for tenders of the new thermal power facilities. The increase of them, however, brings up another serious issue: how to cope with combating global warming. That is why CCUS/ CCS is receiving more attention nowadays together with the discussion on carbon dioxide emission reduction. Electric machinery companies, putting focus on CO2 capture technologies have successfully developed the capture technologies for coal and gas fired power stations with their own funds and/or in collaboration with power companies. To do this, they undertook a process to investigate various methods such as adsorption, absorption, membranes and cryogenic, through which they obtained abundant data on pros and cons of the technologies. This paper analyzed the growth of CO2 emissions by fossil fuels. We show the CCS projects status; Challenges, SWOT analysis, and the currently Global CCS Technology Activity. For this, we consider the Large Scale Integrated Projects (LSIP). Besides, we make a review of the methods of separation of CO2, their status, advantages, challenges, etc.

Energy related CO2 emissions and the progress on CCS projects: A review

Abstract This review paper discusses the perspectives for development of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies in the global fight against climate change, such as low-carbon technology which is a vital component to reduce future carbon emissions. The information on the level and growth of CO2 emissions, their source and geographic distribution, will be essential to lay the foundation for a global agreement; considering only for energy-related CO2, and not for any other greenhouse gases. We analyzed the distribution of the CO2 emission intensity related to them. Besides, in order to predict possible future situations of energy consumption, CO2 emissions intensity and the CCS role like the largest emission reduction potential, the International Energy Agency (IEA) has developed a number of scenarios; the baseline scenarios and comparative scenarios. We used the approach of the Blue Map Scenarios, bringing the 2005s emissions to a level of 50% by 2050 for a non-catastrophic human intervention in the climate system. Moreover, this paper shows the barriers, strategies for accelerating and the stages in the technology deployment. We also analyzed the CCS projects status; Challenges, SWOT analysis, and the currently Global CCS Technology Activity. For this, we consider the Large Scale Integrated Projects (LSIP), and the asset life-cycle model was used to categorize the status of a project according to its development stage. Alongside, the analysis involves: Total LSIPs by geographic region, by Industry and CO2 Capture Technology. In addition, we also made a scope on some of the most relevant international actions in order to stimulate the fulfillment of the CO2 intensity target.

Lessons in the Development of Large-scale CO2 Storage Projects

Significant reductions in CO2 emissions to atmosphere from established industrial processes such as power generation and also cement, iron and steel production require increased, widespread deployment of commercial-scale CCS projects. Large-scale integrated projects (LSIPs) face different challenges than do smaller pilot and demonstration projects that have contributed much toward technical research. LSIPs have a much larger spatial scale of operation and a much larger temporal scale as they are expected to be operational for many decades and will require on-going monitoring, performance assessments, and must satisfy regulated reporting requirements. Among the most significant factors required to move an LSIP forward is the need to provide confidence internally to the project proponents that the technical appraisal of the project and the prospective business case can justify a final investment decision (FID) of tens to hundreds of millions of dollars or more. Many non-geological factors also have major influence over CCS project success such as regulatory environment continued uncertainty around national and international policy development around greenhouse gas mitigation, and uncertain public support. Considering the large commitment in financial and technical resources required to reach FID, perhaps neither the slow progress in LSIP development nor the highly visible project cancellations and postponements in this nascent industry should be unexpected.Although all project proponents are confronted with unique geological and non-technical issues there are common aspects that may be recognized within projects achieving FID that may be broadly instructive. Storage exploration and site appraisal is a lengthy process that will take years and should not be underestimated. Industrial scale CCS requires a firm and large commitment and investment in human, technical, and financial resources. Recent LSIPs that have achieved FID have employed dedicated full-time subsurface teams for years to reduce uncertainties in the storage plan. Multi-faceted projects such as large-scale CCS require decisions be made even though uncertainties exist at various stages of project lifecycle. There is a critical need to manage these uncertainties in all aspects of the project, particularly when dealing with changes in project scope or framework in order to reach milestones and decision gates. Projects may not always proceed linearly through lifecycles and may need to recycle back to an earlier development phase if appropriate. Interface management around project integration is a critical process that must be actively managed to consider exploration and appraisal requirements. For example, capture requirements <remove-image>feed into storage requirements, and storage limitations may impact capture considerations and project feasibility. Focused stakeholder engagement is required: projects must provide transparency to the community and the regulator; public reviews and technical due diligence exercises such as independent peer reviews bring confidence to the government; environmental assessments bring confidence to the community all of the above build confidence in the project.

Can Systems Modeling Language Impact Systems Engineering?

AbstractThis paper examines the System Engineering processes/applications transforming from being document‐centric to being model‐centric by examining the benefits and uses of the Systems Modeling Language (SysML). This paper will look at the concept behind SysML and provide a background on existing research to address the Unified Modeling Language (UML) Systems Engineering request for proposal to generate SysML. This paper will identify benefits of using SysML in the Systems Engineering process and makes a recommendation for its use in large scale integration projects and complex hardware and software designs.