Large Photo Collections Research Articles

Aesthetic Quality Classification of Photographs: A Literature Survey

Aesthetic quality classification plays an important role in our day to day life. Aesthetic generally refers to the beauty or the appreciation of beauty. Image aesthetic is a special session in the current area of computational visual aesthetic. Owing to the booming development of digital media the visual data available on the internet is growing exponentially. Some images are extremely beautiful and aesthetically pleasing. The aesthetic beauty of a picture is determined by many factors, some of these aesthetic quality factors include cuteness, prettiness, messiness, neatness, cuddleness, loveliness, organized, disorganized. It creates radical change in the sweet aesthetic sensations in both physiological and psychological. Many people these days have large photo collections. The aesthetic quality classification of photographs helps peoples to organize large photo collections. An aesthetic picture may tell an entire story of an event. Through a quality image we can see into the life of things .Therefore the assessment of image quality is a challenge. This paper gives a survey of aesthetic quality classification of photographs including the image quality factors, quality assessment and a brief description of existing approaches are presented.

Pearl: living media enabled by interactive photo projection

People capture more and more photographs leading to large personal photo collections that require much time and effort to organize. A lack of organization can have a negative effect on photo retrieval and photo sharing. In this user-centred design case study, we have explored new possibilities for organizing and sharing photographs. To organize photographs, the concept living media was created; automatic positive selection based on which photographs are viewed more often and viewed for a longer time. These photographs are apparently more interesting, and therefore, they will keep their appearance; less popular photographs will slowly fade to black over time. To share living media away from the computer, the device Pearl was designed. Pearl has an integrated pico projector that projects an interactive collage of living media in a living room. Interaction with the collage, such as deleting unwanted photographs from the collage, gives input to the selection procedure of living media. Placing Pearl at a distance creates a larger projection size, suitable for sharing photographs with a group of people. Our design is evaluated in two small-user studies, where we found benefits and challenges of using a combination of positive selection and pico projectors for photowork and photo sharing.

Nontrivial landmark recommendation using geotagged photos

Online photo-sharing sites provide a wealth of information about user behavior and their potential is increasing as it becomes ever-more common for images to be associated with location information in the form of geotags. In this article, we propose a novel approach that exploits geotagged images from an online community for the purpose of personalized landmark recommendation. Under our formulation of the task, recommended landmarks should be relevant to user interests and additionally they should constitute nontrivial recommendations. In other words, recommendations of landmarks that are highly popular and frequently visited and can be easily discovered through other information sources such as travel guides should be avoided in favor of recommendations that relate to users' personal interests. We propose a collaborative filtering approach to the personalized landmark recommendation task within a matrix factorization framework. Our approach, WMF-CR, combines weighted matrix factorization and category-based regularization. The integrated weights emphasize the contribution of nontrivial landmarks in order to focus the recommendation model specifically on the generation of nontrivial recommendations. They support the judicious elimination of trivial landmarks from consideration without also discarding information valuable for recommendation. Category-based regularization addresses the sparse data problem, which is arguably even greater in the case of our landmark recommendation task than in other recommendation scenarios due to the limited amount of travel experience recorded in the online image set of any given user. We use category information extracted from Wikipedia in order to provide the system with a method to generalize the semantics of landmarks and allow the model to relate them not only on the basis of identity, but also on the basis of topical commonality. The proposed approach is computational scalable, that is, its complexity is linear with the number of observed preferences in the user-landmark preference matrix and the number of nonzero similarities in the category-based landmark similarity matrix. We evaluate the approach on a large collection of geotagged photos gathered from Flickr. Our experimental results demonstrate that WMF-CR outperforms several state-of-the-art baseline approaches in recommending nontrivial landmarks. Additionally, they demonstrate that the approach is well suited for addressing data sparseness and provides particular performance improvement in the case of users who have limited travel experience, that is, have visited only few cities or few landmarks.

Concurrent photo sequence organization

Personal photo album organization is a highly demanding domain where advanced tools are required to manage large photo collections. In contrast to many previous works, that try to solve the problem of organizing a single user photo sequence, we present a new technique to account for the concurrent photo sequence organization problem, that is the problem of organizing multiple photo sequences taken during the same event. Given a set of sequences acquired at the same place during the same temporal window by several users using different cameras, our framework is intended to capture the evolution of the event and groups photos based on temporal proximity and visual content. The method automatically organizes the reference sequence in a tree capturing the event structure. Such a structure is then used to align the remaining photo sequences to the reference one. We tested our approach on the publicly available Gallagher dataset and on a new dataset we collected; this new dataset is composed of four photo sequences taken by four users at a public event. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.

VetoFocus, un site de cas cliniques de pathologie bovine

Le point de départ de VetoFocus a été la mise en ligne de l’importante collection photographique de cas cliniques de l’auteur, en pathologie bovine, avec l’aide d’un confrère responsable d’une agence de communication. En moins de cinq ans, les contributions régulières de praticiens, d’universitaires et d’étudiants encadrés par des universitaires, ont considérablement enrichi la collection. Après une stricte organisation du site, les cas ont été divisés en trois rubriques : cas cliniques, gestes techniques et une rubrique collaborative intitulée «J’ai besoin de votre avis» qui reçoit les questions diagnostiques ou thérapeutiques. À la fin de septembre 2012, le site avait été consulté par 7458 inscrits depuis une quarantaine de pays francophones et de pays européens. VetoFocus offre ainsi une plateforme de de partage de connaissances pratiques entre vétérinaires praticiens, mais aussi entre praticiens et enseignants ou experts et, parfois même de manière réciproque

Automatic Summarization of Personal Photo Collections

Photo taking and sharing devices (e.g., smart phones, digital cameras, etc) have become extremely popular in recent times. Photo enthusiasts today capture moments of their personal lives using these devices. This has resulted in huge collections of photos stored in various personal archives. The exponential growth of online social networks and web based photo sharing platforms have added fuel to this fire. According to recent estimates [46], three billion photos are uploaded on the social network Facebook per month. This photo data overload has created some major challenges. One of the them is automatic generation of representative overviews from large photo collections. Manual browsing of photo corpora is not only tedious, but also time inefficient. Hence, development of an automatic photo summarization system is not only a research but also a practical challenge. In this dissertation, we present a principled approach for generation of size constrained overview summaries from large personal photo collections.

Summarizing tourist destinations by mining user-generated travelogues and photos

Automatically summarizing tourist destinations with both textual and visual descriptions is highly desired for online services such as travel planning, to facilitate users to understand the local characteristics of tourist destinations. Travelers are contributing a great deal of user-generated travelogues and photos on the Web, which contain abundant travel-related information and cover various aspects ( e.g., landmarks, styles, activities) of most locations in the world. To leverage the collective knowledge of travelers for destination summarization, in this paper we propose a framework which discovers location-representative tags from travelogues and then select relevant and representative photos to visualize these tags. The learnt tags and selected photos are finally organized appropriately to provide an informative summary which describes a given destination both textually and visually. Experimental results based on a large collection of travelogues and photos show promising results on destination summarization.

Infinite Images: Creating and Exploring a Large Photorealistic Virtual Space

We present a system for generating “infinite” images from large collections of photos by means of transformed image retrieval. Given a query image, we first transform it to simulate how it would look if the camera moved sideways and then perform image retrieval based on the transformed image. We then blend the query and retrieved images to create a larger panorama. Repeating this process will produce an “infinite” image. The transformed image retrieval model is not limited to simple 2-D left/right image translation, however, and we show how to approximate other camera motions like rotation and forward motion/zoom-in using simple 2-D image transforms. We represent images in the database as a graph where each node is an image and different types of edges correspond to different types of geometric transformations simulating different camera motions. Generating infinite images is thus reduced to following paths in the image graph. Given this data structure we can also generate a panorama that connects two query images, simply by finding the shortest path between the two in the image graph. We call this option the “image taxi.” Our approach does not assume photographs are of a single real 3-D location, nor that they were taken at the same time. Instead, we organize the photos in themes, such as city streets or skylines and synthesize new virtual scenes by combining images from distinct but visually similar locations. There are a number of potential applications to this technology. It can be used to generate long panoramas as well as content aware transitions between reference images or video shots. Finally, the image graph allows users to interactively explore large photo collections for ideation, games, social interaction, and artistic purposes.

Photo tourism

We present a system for interactively browsing and exploring large unstructured collections of photographs of a scene using a novel 3D interface. Our system consists of an image-based modeling front end that automatically computes the viewpoint of each photograph as well as a sparse 3D model of the scene and image to model correspondences. Our photo explorer uses image-based rendering techniques to smoothly transition between photographs, while also enabling full 3D navigation and exploration of the set of images and world geometry, along with auxiliary information such as overhead maps. Our system also makes it easy to construct photo tours of scenic or historic locations, and to annotate image details, which are automatically transferred to other relevant images. We demonstrate our system on several large personal photo collections as well as images gathered from Internet photo sharing sites.

Home photo content modeling for personalized event-based retrieval

Rapid advances in sensor, storage, processor, and communication technologies let consumers store large digital photo collections. Consumers need effective tools to organize and access photos in a semantically meaningful way. We address the semantic gap between feature-based indexes computed automatically and human query and retrieval preferences.

Representations of Race, Gender and Ability in School Photography

This article examines photographs taken of American public school classes between the 1880's and the 1940's. Most of the images were found in two virtual archives: The American Memory site at the Library of Congress and The National Archives and Record Center. These very large photograph collections were searched for representations of race, gender, and physical ability. The photographs were compared and contrasted and analyzed for elements of hidden curricula using techniques drawn from the social sciences and humanities. It was found that these large photo collections have significant gaps and historical amnesias. Collections made under conditions of racial segregation are themselves segregated and continue to reproduce images of hierarchy and dominance. To the extent these sites function as important resources for teachers and students searching for primary source documents for history and social studies projects, the archives convey significantly biased views of the history of education and minority groups in America.