Large Number Of Branches Research Articles

Noncovalent interaction between proanthocyanidins and soy protein isolate fibers: structure, functionality and interaction mechanism

This study focused on the addition of different concentrations of proanthocyanidins (OPC) to form noncovalent complexes with soy protein isolate fibers (SPIF). To investigate the effects of polyphenols on the structural and functional properties of protein fibers and to elucidate mechanism of their interaction. The addition of OPC unfolded the internal structure of the proteins, exposing the hydrophobic groups and reducing the β-sheet structure of SPIF, forming the SPIF-OPC complexes. And the binding of the two would be close to saturation, at the final concentration of added OPC was 0.5 or 1 mg/mL. Multiple spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry analyses indicated that static quenching was the mechanism of fluorescence quenching of SPIF by OPC. The two spontaneously combined through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. Transmission electron microscopy observations of the microscopic morphology also indicated that the addition of OPC altered the original long, semi-flexible fibers structure of SPIF. The fibers gradually showed a large number of branches and became short and curved. When the final concentration of added OPC was 4 mg/mL, the emulsifying activity index of SPIF increased by 78.40% and foaming capacity of SPIF increased by 37.10%. The interaction mechanism of different concentrations of OPC with SPIF will be comprehensively understood from this study, thus expanding its application in food, medicine, cosmetics and other fields.

Application of Allot Secure Service Gateway for WAN Network Bandwidth Management at PT. Bank Permata Tbk

As is generally experienced by large companies that have a large number of branches and centralized applications, PT. Bank Permata Tbk currently has WAN Bandwidth that manages links and the complexity of current applications and Protocols. However, the application and observation of the Bandwidth settings has not been maximized. If these problems are not regulated, it is feared that this will interfere with the performance of PT. Bank Permata Tbk which in the end will be able to reduce the level of business competition ability when compared to other Top companies that become its competitors. The research method used in this research is the HTB (Hierarchical Token Bucket) method. The HTB method is a method that functions to regulate the distribution of Bandwidth, the division is carried out in a hierarchy which is divided into classes to make Bandwidth Management easier. At this stage, the problem that will become the research object of the problem formulation is the absence of structured reports for Bandwidth usage in each branch. In the analysis of this system it can be concluded that PT. Bank Permata Tbk does not yet have a structured report for Bandwidth usage at each branch and without any special limitations on Bandwidth. And with this problem, the branch application that is used does not run optimally. With the implementation of Bandwidth Management using the Allot Secure Service Gateway on the WAN network of PT. Bank Permata Tbk so that it can produce structured reports and monitor Traffic Bandwidth from both branches to branch applications.

Why can Mikania micrantha cover trees quickly during invasion?

The invasion of Mikania micrantha by climbing and covering trees has rapidly caused the death of many shrubs and trees, seriously endangering forest biodiversity. In this study, M. micrantha seedlings were planted together with local tree species (Cryptocarya concinna) to simulate the process of M. micrantha climbing under the forest. We found that the upper part of the M. micrantha stem lost its support after climbing to the top of the tree, grew in a turning and creeping manner, and then grew branches rapidly to cover the tree canopy. Then, we simulated the branching process through turning treatment. We found that a large number of branches had been formed near the turning part of the M. micrantha stem (TP). Compared with the upper part of the main stem (UP), the contents of plant hormones (auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin), soluble sugars (sucrose, glucose, fructose) and trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) were significantly accumulated at TP. Further combining the transcriptome data of different parts of the main stem under erect or turning treatment, a hypothetical regulation model to illustrate how M. micrantha can quickly cover trees was proposed based on the regulation of sugars and hormones on plant branching; that is, the lack of support after ascending the top of the tree led to turning growth of the main stem, and the enhancement of sugars and T6P levels in the TP may first drive the release of nearby dormant buds. Plant hormone accumulation may regulate the entrance of buds into sustained growth and maintain the elongation of branches together with sugars to successfully covering trees.

辊式枝条捡拾机构运动学仿真与试验分析

Apple tree branches have the physical characteristics of high cellulose content and high elasticity, and the use of traditional soft straw pickers will miss a large number of branches. It is necessary to design a picking mechanism that adapts to the physical characteristics of fruit tree branches. In the treatment of branches in modern orchards, the picking mechanism is an important part of the picking device. The success rate of picking directly affects the processing performance of the whole machine. To improve the picking rate, the roller branch picking mechanism is studied. The trajectory of the roller picking and the stress state of the branches are analyzed, and five main factors affecting the picking effect are obtained, i.e. the position relationship between the rotation center of the picking roller and the feeding roller, inclination angle of the steel teeth, the effective working length, the speed and the forward speed of the machine. A mathematical model is established to obtain the static and dynamic motion trajectories of the roller picking mechanism are obtained by using Matlab. Taking the analysis results of influencing factors as the optimization goal, the picking trajectory of the mechanism is simulated to obtain a set of non-inferior solutions. A roller branch picker is manufactured according to the parameter values and tested in the field, and the picking rate can reach 91%.

The Use of Continuous Audit to Improve the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Internal Audit Activities: A Practical Study of Distribution Sharia Company in Indonesia

The implementation of technology has encouraged internal auditors to develop continuous audits as a practical method for obtaining useful information from a set of company electronic data related to internal audit activities at all stages. Continuous audit methods allow internal auditors to process the entire population of transaction data to identify risk and internal control weaknesses that are more likely to be the subject of an audit finding. XYZ is a distribution company that continues to expand its business with more than 200 branches in Indonesia especially in sharia business. However, a large number of branches and transactions face limited internal auditors, high audit costs, low levels of audit coverage, and potential human error, which are an obstacle. This research is a design science that proposes the use of DMADV six sigma methodology as a problem-solving method to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of internal audit activity by applying technology and audit concept in the continuous audit system. This research revealed that the internal audit cost can decrease by 45,5% to IDR 528.000.000 and audit coverage can increase by almost double to 86,3% in a year.

FirstReportofFusariumsolaniassociatedwithTwigCankerofEnglishWalnut(JuglansregiaL.)inXinjiang, China.

English walnut (Juglans regia L.) is a perennial deciduous fruit tree, and an economically important hardwood tree species cultivated worldwide. As one of the important economic crops, English walnut is also widely cultivated in Xinjiang. In September 2019, twig canker symptoms were observed on English walnut in several orchards, with approximately 15% to 40% disease incidence in southern Xinjiang region (79º95'E, 40º37'N). The branch lesions were long oval, concave, and black to brown. Leaves of the affected branches turned yellow and the branches eventually died. Infected twigs were collected from an infected tree in an orchard. Symptomatic tissue from the margins of cankers was surface disinfested with 75% ethanol for 60 s, rinsed 3 times with sterile water, and then incubated on potato dextrose agar medium (PDA) at 25 ℃ under a 12-hr photoperiod in Light incubator for 7 days. Seven fungal isolates showing similar morphology were obtained from the symptomatic tissue. All the fungal cultures had a pink-white color with loose, cottony mycelium, and the underside of the colonies were light brown. Macroconidia were slightly curved, with one to six septa, both ends were slightly sharp, and they measured 22.8 to 38.5 × 3.5 to 6.7 μm (27.4 ± 0.6 × 4.2 ± 0.3 μm, n=50). Microconidia were oval, hyaline, zero to one septa, measuring 4.5 to 9.6 × 1.8 to 2.3 μm (6.8 ± 0.3 × 2.1 ± 0.1 μm, n=50). According to the morphological characteristics, the seven isolates were identified as a member of the Fusarium solani species complex (Summerell et al. 2003). Genomic DNA was extracted from the representative isolate HSANTUAN2019-1, and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF) were amplified with the primer pairs ITS1/ITS4 (White et al. 1990) and EF1-F/EF2-R (O' Donnell et al. 2010), respectively. The sequences submitted to GenBank (accession nos. OP271472 for ITS, OP293104 for TEF) showed high similarity with the reference sequences of F. solani (ITS, OL691083 [100%]; TEF, HE647960 [99.86%]). Pathogenicity of the seven isolates were assessed on 1-year-old branches of English walnut in the field. Healthy branches (40) were wounded with a sterilized hole punch, and then inoculated with isodiametric mycelial PDA plugs (5 branches per fungal isolate). Five branches were inoculated with sterile PDA plugs as a negative control. The inoculations were performed three times. All treatments were wrapped with fresh film for 3 days. Dark brown necrotic lesions were observed on all inoculated branches 22 days post-inoculation. The controls had no symptoms. The pathogen was reisolated from all the inoculated branches, fulfilling Koch's postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. solani causing twig canker on English walnut in Xinjiang, China. Twig canker disease often cause a large number of branches to dry out and die. If the disease control and prevention is neglected, the productivity of the English walnut will be seriously affected in the cultivation area. Our finding will provide valuable information for prevention and management of twig canker on English walnut.

Current harmonized improvement method: A concept of the optimal electrical array configuration of thermoelectric modules for minimizing the mismatch loss of a thermoelectric generator

In a thermoelectric generator (TEG), a considerable amount of unexpected mismatch loss occurs because of the deviation in the temperature difference that individual thermoelectric modules (TEMs) experience when the TEMs are electrically connected in a conventional manner such as in series and/or parallel connections. This study proposes a current harmonized improvement method (CHIME), a novel and practical concept of an electrical array configuration using which the mismatch power loss can be minimized by adjusting the electric current flowing through each TEM close to its optimal value. Considering that the optimal current for each TEM varies according to the temperature difference induced across each TEM, the CHIME-based optimal configuration comprises at least two separate electrical layers with different numbers of electric circuit branches. By allocating a group of TEMs experiencing a lower-temperature difference to a layer with a larger number of branches and the other group of TEMs experiencing a higher-temperature difference to a layer with a smaller number of branches, different magnitudes of electric current can be induced for electric branches of the two layers. By theoretically optimizing the major design parameter of CHIME, the electric branch ratio of the two layers, a near-optimal electric current is induced to each TEM. An additional major parameter of the CHIME-based optimal configuration is the TEM module ratio between the two electric layers, which is determined by applying Kirchhoff’s voltage and current laws to a generalized electric array configuration. A series of numerical studies conducted using an experimentally validated numerical model showed that the CHIME configuration shows 15.6 % and 16.2 % improvements in the output power and conversion efficiency, respectively, compared to the case in which all TEMs are electrically connected in parallel when the engine is rotating at a speed of 1000 rpm. Furthermore, the mismatch loss of a TEG whose TEMs are connected based on the CHIME decreases to 1.9 % which is ∼6.6 times lower than the case in which all the TEMs are connected in parallel with the mismatch loss of 12.5 %.

Estimation of the diameter of arterial vessels of the multicameral stomach in sheep of the Edilbaev breed at different stages of postnatal ontogenesis

The multicameral stomach of sheep of the Edilbaevsky breed, as in other ruminants, according to domestic and foreign authors, has a large number of branches of the main arterial highway, which is due to the functional feature of this organ. The main arterial highway of the multicameral stomach is the abdominal artery. The hepatic artery first departs from it, and then the right cicatricial artery branches off, which goes along the right longitudinal furrow of the scar and exits to its left surface, and the splenic artery branches off the thick right cicatricial artery, and itself in the form of a thin vessel is directed to the spleen. Further, the abdominal artery smoothly passes into the left gastric artery, which goes from the right between the scar and the mesh and, having reached the book, gives the left gastro-omentum artery to the large curvature of the rennet, and the rennet itself anastomoses with the right gastric artery on the small curvature. The methods for the study were fine anatomical dissection, vasorentgenography and computed tomography of the vascular bed with the introduction of a contrasting substance. Corpses and live individuals of sheep of the Edilbaevsky breed aged from 10 days to 14 months, from a private farm in the Leningrad region, served as material for the study. According to the results of the study, it was found that the largest increase in the diameter of the vessels of the arterial bed of the multicameral stomach in sheep of the Edilbaev breed over the entire period of research was observed in the right cicatricial artery. The diameter of other vessels vascularizing this organocomplex increases uniformly at all stages of development. We associate this fact with the active growth of this organ in the first three months of life.

ON THE ACCESSIBILITY OF FINANCIAL SERVICES AND INCOME INEQUALITY: AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE

Income inequality has long been an important issue in development economics. Applying international data from 119 countries between 2004 and 2018, this study discusses the relationship between the accessibility of financial services and income inequality. Using the density of the bank branch network to represent the accessibility of financial services, we discover that income inequality is negatively related to the accessibility of financial services, especially in less developed countries and regions. In this nexus, the poverty ratio serves as an intermediary variable. The significance of the nexus is weaker in countries where fintech is more popularized, indicating the substitution effect between fintech and traditional banking services. Nevertheless, the substitution effect is limited, and bank branches will keep playing an important role in delivering financial services. For countries with inadequate banking services, bank branches should be increased to encourage residents to participate in the financial system, while it is no longer necessary to add a large number of branches in countries where fintech has been popularized. Faced with the trend of financial digitalization and the economic shock caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, banks should launch more online services and increase intelligent machines in the branches. By doing so, financial services are more resilient to social changes, so as to alleviate the inequality of income distribution in the long term.

Sports Smart Data Writing Based on New-Type Semiconductor Nonvolatile Storage Mode

The development of smart sports has just taken a new chapter. Based on the digital transformation in all aspects today, the data content of smart sports with a large number of branches is huge. However, the current storage system, an external storage disk, has not adapted to the computer’s increasingly high requirements for IO performance; DRAM- and SRAM-based memory and cache also face power consumption and capacity expansion problems; the storage system on the overall performance of the computer system constraints is increasingly prominent. Based on the data storage of smart sports for digital transformation, this article proposes a smart for the writing of sports data; a better cache method has been explored under the new semiconductor nonvolatile cache mode. The experimental results in this article show that by comparing single-value and dual-value STT-RAM (spin-torque transfer RAM) caches, the three-valued cache with hierarchical mapping of page swap design has a significant improvement in IPC performance under each test load, compared with single-value STT-RAM caches. Compared with the value type, the average performance has increased by 16%; the overall energy consumption including memory has been reduced by an average of 12.3%.

Роль симпатичних стовбурів в іннервації кровоносних судин заднього середостіння у плодів людини

The purpose of the study was to establish patterns of variation of the branches of the right and left sympathetic trunks in the thoracic aorta azygos and hemiazygos veins during the fetal period of human ontogenesis. Materials and methods. An anatomical study was performed on 47 human fetuses using macromicroscopic preparation of neurovascular branches under the control of binocular magnifier, vascular injection, application contrasting of prepared vessels and nerves, making 3D reconstruction models of the posterior mediastinum structures and morphometry. Results. The anatomical variability of nodes and branches of the thoracic right and left sympathetic trunks involved in the innervation of the thoracic aorta, azygos and hemiazygos veins has been established in the human fetuses of different age groups. The segmental-metameric distribution of the visceral branches of the thoracic sympathetic trunk was revealed, as well as the preservation of the segmental sympathetic innervation of the thoracic aorta, azygos and hemiazygos veins both on the left and on the right. Despite the significant progress in the study of morphological features of innervation of posterior mediastinum organs and structures, the active development of fetal surgery in recent years raises a number of questions related to the sources of sympathetic innervation of the thoracic aorta, azygos and hemiazygos veins. Conclusion. The sources of innervation of the thoracic aorta, azygos and hemiazygos veins in human fetuses are: thoracic nodes and internodal branches of the right and left sympathetic trunks; large visceral nerves; branches of the esophageal, pulmonary and cardiac plexuses; vagosympathetic trunks; collateral trunk. The number of branches to the thoracic aorta from the left sympathetic trunk is 4-16, and from the right sympathetic trunk – 3-14. The largest number of branches that enter the wall of the thoracic aorta, from the left sympathetic trunk skeletotopically determined at the level of III-VI thoracic segments, and from the right sympathetic trunk – at the level of IV-VI thoracic segments. Different skeletotopic levels of the branches of the right and left large visceral nerves are involved in the innervation of the thoracic aorta – from V to X thoracic segments. It is noted that the right and left sympathetic trunks are almost equally involved in the innervation of the azygos and hemiazygos veins. The number of sympathetic branches to the azygos vein ranges from 4 to 7, and the number of sympathetic branches to the hemiazygos vein is usually 2-4

ОСНОВНІ ЧИННИКИ БІДНОСТІ В СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ

The article attempts to generalize some interpretations of the phenomenon of poverty in Economics. We proceed from the fact that this problem, in addition to its economic dimension, has political, social, legal, historical, cultural and other dimensions. In modern science, there is a pluralism of approaches to the classification of the causes of poverty, depending on the scientific approach, the worldview of the researcher, the purpose of the publication, etc. Addressing the public, the authors of a recent Scottish survey identify, for example, the following causes of poverty: 1) being born into poverty; 2) suffering through domestic abuse which leads to living in poverty due to the person not being in control of his or her income; 3) someone losing their employment, which is more of an issue at the moment due to the current COVID-19 crisis; 4) losing everything due to a partner gambling away the family income and savings; 5) being pressurised into supporting others due to emotional ties, leading to debt or increased debt and potentially the loss of their home. From the scientific point of view, one can distinguish, for example, the economic, political and social causes of poverty. We have introduced our own classification of the causes of poverty, highlighting natural and geographical, historical, hereditary, personal and psychological and, finally, economic factors themselves. It has been proven that poverty can be inherited as well as be the result of certain historical events, e.g. wars or revolutions. Natural factors also influence the level of poverty. We concluded that unemployment, low wages or social benefits, corruption, discrimination, unprofitability of an enterprise or industry, inflation are the economic factors of poverty. However, almost all of them also go beyond the economy itself and have political, social, legal, psychological and other components. According to some researchers, poverty is determined even by the type of housing in which a family lives. In addition to the relatively predictable factors, there are a large number of events that occur suddenly. We cannot predict these factors but they also affect the level of poverty, reducing the income of a population or a family and increasing the number of poor people. The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the factors that increased the number of the poor dramatically. Due to the disease itself and the quarantine restrictions, a large number of branches of national economies were obliged temporarily to suspend operations, and great damage was caused, in particular, to the retail trade, education, and the service sector. Of course, the main factor in the sudden impoverishment of the Ukrainian population is the large-scale invasion by Russia in February 2022. This open military attack has caused the deaths of thousands of civilians and military personnel, the destruction of infrastructure, and the departure of millions of Ukrainians abroad and to other regions of the country. We believe that the post-war restoration of Ukraine is possible only with the comprehensive support of the world community, primarily the developed countries of the West.

APPROACHES OF PROBING SIGNAL TYPE DETERMINATION OF MEANS LOCAL PROBING FOR THIS STUDY IS DEVOTED TO SUBSTANTIATING THE STRUCTURE OF THE DEVICE OF THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS

The structure of the device for diagnostics of technical condition of power transmission lines is considered in the work and its functional scheme is offered. The article describes the principle of operation of the diagnostic device according to the functional diagram. The scheme of power lines with three branches and timestamps from known places with inhomogeneities in the sounding of the main diagnostic device and the scheme of power lines with three branches and timestamps from known places that have inhomogeneities in the sounding of auxiliary sounding are considered. The proposed device for diagnosing the technical condition of power distribution networks is based on the method of processing a radar signal with frequency modulation of a continuous wave. Unlike existing devices, this device allows you to detect faults in certain areas of branched transmission lines; has low output power. The use of a software-tuned radio station in the development and production of a diagnostic device significantly reduces material costs. it is necessary to diagnose high-voltage power lines with a large number of branches, as well as to study areas of inhomogeneity with small amplitudes of reflected signals. This paper substantiates the structure and principle of operation of the location sensing device for assessing the technical condition of electrical distribution networks in ice. The novelty is the use of special broadband signals for sounding and their optimal processing, in determining the location of damage (heterogeneity) in the branched overhead power lines, which are the basis of the diagnostic device of the transmission line. The diagnostic device can become a basis for the creation of the modern all-Ukrainian dispatching point of the analysis of a technical condition and management of the equipment of electric networks by power supply lines.

Transverse size of interacting directed lattice animals studied by Yang–Lee approach

Distributions of zeros of the grand canonical partition function in the complex fugacity plane are examined numerically for a model of self interacting directed lattice animals on infinite strips of the square lattice. It is shown that patterns of these zeros have a simple circular-like forms for large values of the interaction strength, with a small fraction of points scattered over the plane. As the interaction weakens, the zeros make up a more complicated structure which consists of a large number of branches. For weak interaction strength, the zeros lying closest to the real axis approach it by following the power-law behavior as the function of strip width. This allowed us to get quite good estimate of transverse size critical exponent for animals in the swollen state as well as at the point of their collapse transition. For stronger interactions, we found that these zeros move much faster toward the real axis—following an exponential law, which leads us to conjecture that animal transverse size diverges in a logarithmic way in the thermodynamic limit. An additional analysis, based on finite-size scaling analysis of the animal longitudinal correlation length, supports this conjecture.

Efficient Propagation of Epistemic Uncertainty for Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analyses (PSHAs) Including Partial Correlation of Magnitude–Distance Scaling

ABSTRACT Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) is moving from ergodic ground-motion models (GMMs) to nonergodic GMMs that account for site-source-specific source, path, and site effects and which require a much larger number of GMM branches on the logic tree to capture the full epistemic uncertainty. An efficient method for computing PSHA with a large number of GMM branches was developed by Lacour and Abrahamson (2019) using polynomial chaos (PC) expansion with the key assumption that the epistemic uncertainty in the median ground motion is fully correlated. In the current study, we remove the assumption of full correlation using a multivariate PC expansion. The correlation structure of the available median GMMs across scenarios is computed empirically. The median ground motion is modeled as a Gaussian random process with the correlation structure of the GMMs across the range of relevant earthquake scenarios. This Gaussian random process is discretized using the Karhunen–Loeve expansion, which leads to multivariate PC expansions of uncertain hazard curves. The hazard fractiles can be reconstructed during an efficient postprocessing phase that includes the effects of partial correlation between the GMMs. Multivariate PC expansions require significantly more terms than for the fully correlated case, which increases the calculation time by about a factor of 5, but it is still much more efficient than direct sampling of the branches of the GMM logic for a large number of branches. An example hazard calculation shows that the effect of using partial correlation in place of full correlation of the GMMs is small for the Next Generation Attenuation-West2 (NGA-West2) set of GMMs, indicating that the fully correlated assumption may be adequate for many applications. The multivariate PC method can be used to evaluate the effects of the partial correlation of the GMMs for sets of GMMs that are different from the NGA-West2 GMMs.

ACI YOVŞAN (ARTEMİSİA ABSİNTHİUM L.) NÖVÜNÜN MORFOLOJİ XÜSUSİYYƏTLƏRİ VƏ EFİR YAĞI

The presented article provides information on the morphological features and essential oil of Artemisia absinthium L., introduced in Absheron and cultivated in cultural conditions. The study compared the morphological characteristics of the same age species grown in different parts of the collection area of the Institute of Dendrology (sunny and shady parts) and the amount of essential oil extracted from the leaves by month (February-May). It was found that the plant grown in the sunny part, despite having a large number of branches and a large umbrella, is weaker than the plant growing in the shady part due to its growth. Even though the morphological characteristics of the surface organs of the same species grown in different parts are different, the normal conduct of the developmental stages of the season allows this plant to fully adapt to the conditions of Absheron. In the study, the essential oil obtained from the species varies depending on environmental factors, the growing season, and it is more economically expedient to obtain essential oil from plants growing in sunny areas. Artemisia absinthium L., known as fodder and essential oil medicinal plant in the flora of Azerbaijan, has a perennial, decorative appearance and perspective importance, so it is expedient to cultivate it in Absheron and use it in landscaping some areas. Key words: Artemisia absinthium L., multiplicity, morphology, essential oil, yield percentage, environmental factors

Phosphorus Supply Increases Internode Length and Leaf Characteristics, and Increases Dry Matter Accumulation and Seed Yield in Soybean under Water Deficit

Phosphorus (P) addition ameliorates the adverse effects of water stress on the seed yield of soybean (Glycine max L.). Previous studies focused on the effect of P on root traits, but little information is available on changes to aboveground traits. In this paper, we show how P addition affects shoot traits and reduces the adverse effects of water stress on the yield. Two soybean genotypes, with contrasting aboveground architectures, were grown in pots to compare the canopy architecture, leaf traits, aboveground dry matter accumulation and yield under two water and three P levels. The addition of P to two soybean genotypes, one with a larger number of branches and greater leaf area on the branches than the other, showed that the increased leaf area distribution on the main stem and branches was associated with increased shoot and root dry weights, which were positively correlated with the number of filled pods, seed number and seed yield and negatively correlated with seed size at maturity under well-watered and cyclic water stress treatments. The leaf P concentration at 65 DAS (flowering stage) and leaf photosynthesis measured shortly after re-watering increased with P addition, while the leaf mass area on the main stem at 65 DAS and maturity and on the branches at maturity increased modestly with P supply and water stress. Evidence is presented that P addition can ameliorate the adverse effects of water stress on yield through increased leaf area, leaf function and aboveground shoot production. We conclude that the increased yields of soybean resulting from increased P and water supplies that were previously shown to be associated with increased root growth and function are mediated through increased shoot growth and function, particularly the greater number of sites for pod production.

Journal of Scientific Temper

All over the world Museums are developing a Customer Service mindset characteristic of large businesses. Part of this shift can be seen in the rapid adoption of museum visitor surveys that gather feedback about a visitor’s experience in relation to their demographic characteristics — such as likes, dislikes, etc. as per their age, gender and income. The concept of listening to the visitor through such census data collection is not new, it was there from the very beginning, but in certain aspects, it appears to be deficient. For example, it becomes arduous and difficult to identify if the visitors find the place “memorable”. Did they feel “welcome” from the beginning? Do they think “science” is given a due share in that science museum? Can we build an at-a-glance graphical representation of the museum’s image in the visitor’s mental map? Census type data collection is very manpower intensive and is often biased as the visitors feel righteous to answer the questionnaire more “correctly” than “frankly”. They are not generally considered “easy in-person survey tools”. In this paper, we will discuss a very new way of listening to the visitors and reconstructing their free and fair post-visit overall mental map of the museum. In this new effort, we have tried to construct an automated AI-based word-cloud image from visitors’ feedback offered voluntarily in social networks like, say, in Google review. This image is helpful in summarizing and analysing a large amount of feedback data on a single page by focusing on the keywords and phrases adopted by the visitor in describing her experience. This approach is especially useful for centralized analysis of feedback data on museums having a large number of branches. Hence, we have applied this method to process feedback on the National Council of Science Museums, the largest body of science museums in India managing twenty-five centres all over the country. For the very first time applying this method, we have been able to visualize our museums through the visitor’s eye rendering the analytic result in the form of a word-cloud that reflects what the visitors fancy most when they recall the museum experience after the visit.

Aesthetic needs in professional activity of future teacher of music: theoretical aspect of the problem

The paper considers the issue of developing aesthetic needs of a future music teacher in the course of professional training. The author defines notions such as culture, aesthetic culture, aesthetic activity as well as explores the essence of the notion of an aesthetic need of a future music teacher. The paper substantiates the role of art and aesthetic activity as the main factor for aesthetic needs development. The study reveals that there is a reason for the interest to human needs since a large number of branches in material and spiritual culture of society depend on defining the nature of needs and trends in their development. The author emphasises that the functioning of all levels of human life requires needs that would meet human development both physically and emotionally, thus, there should be an aesthetic form of activity because it harmoniously combines both spiritual and functional aspects. The paper substantiates the role of art as the main factor for development of aesthetic needs that can be met in various activities, but it is in art that they find the greatest expression. The author supports the idea that art is a special area of human existence and it combines knowledge and communication, intelligence, a sense of morality, and imagination of people. Involvement of a person in art is a necessary condition for development of aesthetic consciousness since elevation of the spirit and actualization of an essential aesthetic force take place during the process of perception, experience and understanding of works of art. Art integrates a dialogue of a person with the world. Considering the concept of an aesthetic need, the author defines it as an internal need to comprehend certain aesthetic values, development of certain skills, because an aesthetic need is based on aesthetic feelings that are embodied in aesthetic tastes and consist of individual selection of those aesthetic phenomena and objects that best suit views and interests of a person. The paper emphasises that an aesthetic need embodies richness and diversity of spirituality of a person who seeks to fulfill their potential in all fullness of life and if a person has a need for personal fulfillment, they will find the strength and ways to do that. It has been proved that an aesthetic need has semantic and aesthetic properties and has an artistic and perceptual nature, which provides an opportunity to obtain pleasure, enjoyment, joy, delight from beauty. It has been established that the process of perception or direct creativity of art are characterized by a combination of a goal and means, where the means develop into the goal, and the goal is the process itself when spiritual, functional and aesthetic needs of the individual are met, i.e. a person reaches a certain level in their activity when they create products and forms of cultural activity that meet more and more of their needs. The paper outlines that an emerging aesthetic need motivates a music teacher to create conditions and means for achieving satisfaction with their own creative activities, because an aesthetic need is a desire of a future music teacher to harmonize the internal and external world as well as development of aesthetic awareness of the world: to perceive and appreciate the beauty, to live and create according to the laws of beauty.

Application Analysis of Power Budget in Energy Companies Based on ERP Environment

There are many shortcomings in budget management under the ERP environment of power energy companies. Due to the large number of branches, the power energy company has experienced insufficient connection with some branches. Power energy companies must do a good job in the construction and application of the budget management system under the ERP environment, and need to optimize the existing problems. Therefore, the comprehensive budget of the power energy company is a subject to be further studied. It plays an important role in deepening the reform of the power energy company, accelerating its health transformation, reducing operating costs, optimizing resource allocation, and achieving strategic goals.