Large Manufacturing Industries Research Articles

An analytical study of lean implementation measures in pump industries in India

The manufacturing industries in India are gearing up to face the challenges namely the quality, timely delivery and satisfying customer need. This prompted some large manufacturing industries to implement lean thinking in their manufacturing process. Most of the manufacturing companies are yet to take up this task. Particularly, the pump industries which are mostly occupied by SMEs are still to follow the suit. In this context, this study has made sincere attempt to survey the implementation of lean in pump manufacturing industries in India through an instrument consisting of seven lean implementation measures namely, RILP, lean tools employed in the company, RLPTLI, MBLP, evaluation of level of waste in the company, success factors of lean practicing in the company and lean performance indicators. A survey type research was conducted and the results indicated that identified lean implementation measures were found to be significant in achieving lean implementation in pump industries.

The Effect of Micro and Macroeconomic on Investment Opportunity

The purpose of this study is to obtain results: the influence of micro and macroeconomic factors of the company on investment opportunities. This research is conducted in five ASEAN countries, such as; Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and the Philippines (ASEAN-5). The microeconomic factors are measured by firm size, financial risk, profitability, and debt policy. The macroeconomic factors are measured by interest rates, exchange rates, inflation, and economic growth. The analysis unit of this study is 175 large capacity manufacturing industries listed on ASEAN-5 stock exchanges for the 2012-2017 period. The data analysis technique used is panel data regression analysis. The result shows that the Debt Equity Ratio has a negative and significant effect on investment opportunities in Microeconomic influence for the ASEAN-5 Countries. Risk does not have a significant effect on investment opportunities. Profitability is insignificant for the ASEAN-5 Countries and is significant for the State of Singapore, Thailand. Firm Size is significant for Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and the Philippines. GDP growth has a significant effect on investment opportunities for the ASEAN-5 countries. The interest rate has harmed the opportunities of investment in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore. Inflation has a negative and significant effect in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines. Exchange rates are significant for Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore. Investment opportunities have a positive effect on the value of the company in ASEAN-5 Countries. The benefits of this study for creditors are as a guideline for disbursing credit, and for investors it is as a guideline for placing capital investments in companies that have favorable debt and equity considerations in five (5) ASEAN Countries.

REVIEW ON BIG DATA CHALLENGES FOR 4G REVOLUTIONS

With the development of industries, we already know about the effects of third industrial revolution. Following the development of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) collaborated with Big Data, industrial wireless network and some other enabling technologies the fourth industrial revolution is being gradually rolled out. This paper discusses about the industrial revolution and the contribution of big data to create a new era known as industry 4.0. It focuses on various aspects of big data which is used to produce a collaborative community starting from production to sales it will be interconnected by using advanced technology such as embedded systems, wireless sensor network, industrial robots, 3D printing, data science, big data, cloud computing, Internet of Things etc., IT deeply focuses on Industrial big data pipeline for data driven analytics, huge scale of productivity, quick decisions based on sale history etc., for a large scale smart manufacturing industries. Survey of benefits by using big data in industries will be discussed.

Financial Leverage and Financial Performance: Empirical Evidence From Listed Textile Industry of Pakistan

The textile sector in Pakistan is the largest manufacturing industry and recognizable model of resistance economy. Over centuries, textile sector has been the country’s backbone making available sources of occupation and export returns. Generally, financial leverage is the organizational capability of using borrowed money. It can be described as a fraction, to which a company uses fixed income securities such as debt and equity. The objective of the current study is measuring the impact of financial leverage on firm’s financial condition. It is essential to know whether a positive or negative relationship exists between two terms, financial leverage and financial performance of the textile industry; evidence from the listed firms of Pakistani textile industry from 2007-2016. Pooled regression analysis technique shows that there is positive relationship between financial leverage and financial performance (Returns on Assets, Sales Growth and Net Profit Margin). On the other hand, negative relationship exists between Return on Equity ratio. It is confirmed that the organizations have more profitability, might enhance the financial performance having more levels of financial leverage. This study also gives evidence by estimating different facts. It exposes that the main elements of the textile industry in Pakistan enhance their financial performance by employing the financial leverage strategy and can attain a sustainable future growth by making decisions about the selection of their optimum capital structure.

Practical-Oriented CNC Educational Tool to Promote Retention of Knowledge for First Year Engineering Students

Computer Numerical Control (CNC) technology has been widely applied in almost small and large scale manufacturing industries and being extensively educated in universities. However, most of the commercial CNC machines for educational use are only main for laboratory activities and not suitable for teaching use due to its large structures and complicate functionalities. Often, the machines were not designed to serve as an educational tool. Owing to the restrictions, an appropriate CNC education tool was developed as a potential tool that could promote active learning opportunity across multi-discipline of interest particulary for the first year undergraduate students. Besides, its promote retention of knowledge. The article will emphasize on the construction of a CNC tool appropriate to be integrated in teaching computer-aided design that could stimulate student learning. A survey was conducted on student perceptions about the tool for educational use and take observational study of the novice students attitudes in response to a new situation of learning.

Effect of Age on Employees’ Loyalty: a Study Among the Executives’ of a Large Scale Public Sector Manufacturing Industry Across India

The nature of human resources and their willingness to contribute have an impact on the existence and growth of the organization. Employee loyalty may be defined as employees being committed to the success and growth of the organization and believing that working for this organization is their obligation and best option available to them. The growth and success of organizations in the present scenario, largely depends upon the commitment and loyalty of its workforce. As employees work for the organizations for certain period of time, they develop affinity and emotional attachment to the organization. As they grow older their maturity level will increase and stop job hopping. Further, as the age of the employee increases, they will try to settle down in one place and the probability of their intention to stay with the organization also will increase which in turn will influence their loyalty to the organization. Therefore, age of an employee is generally considered as a factor influencing loyalty to the organization.The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of age of employee on employees’ loyalty in a Bangalore based large scale public sector undertaking. 200 middle level executives who have completed minimum of one year service were surveyed and random sampling technique was adopted. Survey was conducted with a standardized, valid and reliable instrument measuring loyalty. The detailed findings and implications are discussed in the full paper.

Green manufacturing drivers and their relationships for small and medium(SME) and large industries

Abstract Small and medium (SME) and large manufacturing industries are two vital contributors of industrial growth and development of any economy. The importance of both sectors increases many times in context to a developing country like India, which is sharply emerging as a manufacturing hub for the world. Both sectors depend and influence each other. Burgeoning pressures for green manufacturing (GM) from national and international agencies create an urgency for both sectors to switch over, to GM from conventional manufacturing. GM minimizes wastes and pollution and also leads to financial gains and better image, if implemented correctly. Therefore, it is crucial to understand GM drivers and underlying relationships between them. Accordingly, the purpose of this research is to answer two questions (1) Is GM and its drivers are same or different for SME and large industries? (2) How these drivers influence green manufacturing? The study also develops and compares GM models for both based on the identified GM drivers using interpretive structural modelling (ISM) approach; covering compliance to green standards/legislations, financial incentives, management commitment and support, marketing and other associated green drivers. The research enhances the understanding about the mutual influence of green drivers. It also guides about the identification of right set of drivers by utilizing the driving and dependency power to influence GM, for both. Thus, the study addresses the needs of both sectors and facilitates researchers and practitioners to effectively utilize appropriate set of green drivers in leveraging GM in a strategic manner.

Dynamic capabilities of new product development teams in performing radical innovation projects

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the impact of dynamic capabilities of new product development (NPD) team on project performance, including efficiency and effectiveness.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from NPD team members who have worked on radical new product projects in large manufacturing firms in Thailand. Respondents represented different departments, including research and development (R&D), quality control, production and marketing. These individuals worked in a wide range of large manufacturing industries with an average of more than 500 employees. These industries include food, automotive, auto parts and electric and electronics products.FindingsThe results indicate that NPD team with sensing, learning and integrating capabilities can increase project effectiveness. In addition, teams with high learning, integrating and coordinating capabilities will enhance project efficiency.Research limitations/implicationsFirst, the research findings may not be generalizable in all aspects to other industries. Second, the use of cross-sectional data in this study may not be appropriate for testing causal relationships among constructs. Third, although the samples of this study were from a wide range of functional areas, the majority were R&D personnel.Practical implicationsTo improve project effectiveness, project managers should consider investing in information technologies that provide a wide range of information sources, such as business research databases and academic journals. To improve project efficiency, the managers can establish both formal and informal activities during NPD projects. These social activities can provide opportunities for team members to physically meet and adjust their personal behavior to get along with each other.Originality/valueThese findings provide a wider picture of the beneficial role of dynamic capabilities of NPD teams toward project performance, including efficiency and effectiveness.

Variations the diameter tip of electrode on the resistance spot welding using electrode Cu on worksheet Fe

Resistance Spot Weld (RSW) is a welding technology which plays an important role that is often used in industry in large manufacturing industries, especially in the automotive sector, some of the parameters are affecting the welding process that give impact in the weld quality, diameter tip important impact on the resistance spot welding, This study can be categorized as experimental study by using Electrode material such as Cu and Fe Worksheet Materials, with a material thickness of 1 mm,0,8 mm, and 0,6 mm on each worksheet, and the large diameter of tip electrode (5√t) depend on the thickness of worksheet. Testing the material in the electrode and the worksheet by testing the composition and tensile test, and the hardness of the material used are to know the material used certainly. The result of the welding process was done by using the parameters voltage of 8KV, with a duty cycle of 50% using a variation of the time 8s-10s, and variations the electrode tip diameter that are affected by the thickness of the worksheet , plate thickness used 1 mm, 0,8 mm and 0,6 mm, so that the electrodes was used to a thickness of 1 mm diameter tip electrode 5 mm, thickness 0,8 mm with an electrode tip diameter 4,5 mm and a thickness 0,6 mm with an electrode diameter of 4 mm, with current welding parameter 8kVA, and variations in holding time 10s, 9s and 8s 50% duty cycle, then testing welds with the standard shear test refers ASTM A370-2012 with more results to a thickness of 0,6 has the ability to withstand greater load on the holding time 8s and 9s, 10s, to a thickness 0,8 mm and 1 mm shear test results demonstrate the ability to withstand loads on the holding time of 10s and 9s have a greater ability than 8s on worksheet that has thickness 1 mm at a holding time of 10s, and then Maximum shear test averaging of 36,41 N at a worksheet with a thickness of 0,8 mm (diameter tip 4,5 mm) at a holding time of 8s and a mean minimum shear stress of 23,73 N at worksheet that has thickness 0,6 mm (diameter tip 4 mm).

Spatially resolved air-water emissions tradeoffs improve regulatory impact analyses for electricity generation

Coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) generate air, water, and solids emissions that impose substantial human health, environmental, and climate change (HEC) damages. This work demonstrates the importance of accounting for cross-media emissions tradeoffs, plant and regional emissions factors, and spatially variation in the marginal damages of air emissions when performing regulatory impact analyses for electric power generation. As a case study, we assess the benefits and costs of treating wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) wastewater at US CFPPs using the two best available treatment technology options specified in the 2015 Effluent Limitation Guidelines (ELGs). We perform a life-cycle inventory of electricity and chemical inputs to FGD wastewater treatment processes and quantify the marginal HEC damages of associated air emissions. We combine these spatially resolved damage estimates with Environmental Protection Agency estimates of water quality benefits, fuel-switching benefits, and regulatory compliance costs. We estimate that the ELGs will impose average net costs of $3.01 per cubic meter for chemical precipitation and biological wastewater treatment and $11.26 per cubic meter for zero-liquid discharge wastewater treatment (expected cost-benefit ratios of 1.8 and 1.7, respectively), with damages concentrated in regions containing a high fraction of coal generation or a large chemical manufacturing industry. Findings of net cost for FGD wastewater treatment are robust to uncertainty in auxiliary power source, location of chemical manufacturing, and binding air emissions limits in noncompliant regions, among other variables. Future regulatory design will minimize compliance costs and HEC tradeoffs by regulating air, water, and solids emissions simultaneously and performing regulatory assessments that account for spatial variation in emissions impacts.

The Roles of TQM and JIT For Basic Metal Industries Global Competitiveness

The purpose of this study is to develop an integrated continuous improvement model so as to improving the global competitiveness of basic metal industries. The study concerned on the Ethiopian basic metal-manufacturing firms, with a special emphasis on the medium and large manufacturing industries. However, basic metal industries occupy a prominent position in the development agenda of many developing countries like Ethiopia. Hence, this study investigated the role of continuous improvement for global competition of basic metal industries, so as to tackle global competition problems on the firms. From numerous contentious improvements, we have to emphasis integrated JIT and TQM implementation on basic metal industries to improve competitive performance. The survey study is conduct through field observation, literature review of research articles, books, magazines, manuals, company report and electronic-sources which are analysis. A case study also conducted at Kaliti Metal Products Factory. The survey data is analyzed using descriptive analysis, SPCT (fishbone diagram). At literature level, the global competitiveness of Ethiopian economy was assessed and the current trends of continuous improvement tools implementation for global competitiveness of basic metal industries was analyzed. Poor supply chain system, manpower, raw material problems, energy fluctuation, outdated technology, manufacturing systems, financial and logistics problems are identified as the obstacles and influence the Ethiopian basic metal industry performance and global competitiveness. Based on the investigations an integrated continuous improving models are developed so as to improve the performance and global competitiveness of basic metal industries.

Who are hindering shop floor productive hours? An exploratory finding from discrete manufacturing industries of India

Indian manufacturing sector contributes about 15% of India's gross domestic product (GDP), 50% to the country's exports and employed about 12% of the total workforce. Government of India expects about 25% of contribution to GDP from manufacturing industries by 2022. This calls for a special focus on manufacturing sector and optimal use of resources. For effective availability time, idle hour have to be cut down from various operations. This study was conducted on three large scales discrete manufacturing industries of India. Based on the customer requests/requirements tailor made products are being manufactured in these organisations. This study found poor panning, unclear manufacturing documents to production, pending decisions, movement of materials from operations to operation, want of crane, layout, skill set of operators, absenteeism, union work, breaks between working hours, machine breakdown and rework as prominent attributes. Planning and workforce related issues are surfacing out clearly for generation of idle hours.

Who are hindering shop floor productive hours? An exploratory finding from discrete manufacturing industries of India

Indian manufacturing sector contributes about 15% of India's gross domestic product (GDP), 50% to the country's exports and employed about 12% of the total workforce. Government of India expects about 25% of contribution to GDP from manufacturing industries by 2022. This calls for a special focus on manufacturing sector and optimal use of resources. For effective availability time, idle hour have to be cut down from various operations. This study was conducted on three large scales discrete manufacturing industries of India. Based on the customer requests/requirements tailor made products are being manufactured in these organisations. This study found poor panning, unclear manufacturing documents to production, pending decisions, movement of materials from operations to operation, want of crane, layout, skill set of operators, absenteeism, union work, breaks between working hours, machine breakdown and rework as prominent attributes. Planning and workforce related issues are surfacing out clearly for generation of idle hours.

Investor Reaction to Consumer Sentiment: The Case of Manufacturing Firms in Indonesia

This study aims to determine the influence of industrial workers concentration on the consumer confidence index and the influence of consumer confidence index on the capital market, especially stock issuers from manufacturing industry sector. The data used in this research is secondary data with the sample of consumer confidence index taken from Jakarta and Surabaya as well as 47 manufacturing industry stock issuers listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research isconducted by using Granger Causality method. The results generally show that there is no influence found for regional consumer confidence index with large manufacturing industry and regional consumer confidence index with relatively small manufacturing industry towards the national consumer confidence index. Research has also managed to find a significant influence of consumer confidence index on the price of stocks issued by several manufacturing companies.

Development of Dynamic Lean Six Sigma Model for Enhancing Stability, Capability and Robustness Metrics in Small and Medium Enterprises and Pilot Implementation in a Plastic Industry

Lean and six sigma are key business process strategies, which are employed by companies to enhance their manufacturing performance. Lean and Six Sigma are two widely acknowledged business process improvement strategies available to manufacturing organisations today for achieving dramatic results in cost, quality and time by focusing on process performance. In the current manufacturing scenario, many of the large scale manufacturing industries are adopting the Lean Six Sigma (LSS) concepts for the sustainable development. However, the manufacturing industry belongs to small and medium enterprises (SME) are unable to effectively adopt the LSS concepts. This is due to the reason that the SME are following the stringent production orders, schedule, routing, and production deficiencies with meticulous due date requirements. There are many LSS models are already available for large scale, medium scale and small scale manufacturing industries. However, there is no exclusive integrated model for manufacturing industries of SME. This situation indicates the need for developing a dynamic model that can enable the implementation of the LSS concept for achieving prosperity in SME. Hence the main purpose of this investigation is to develop and implement a dynamic Lean Six Sigma Model (DLSS) for enhancing stability, capability and robustness metrics in a systematic and streamlined manner. Due to the response and commitment for follow up initiatives, a small scale plastic industry has been considered in this investigation. The level of response, practicality and willingness for adopting the change management with respect to LSS concepts are found to be appreciable in that small scale plastic industry. After pilot investigation, it is suggested that the advanced LSS concepts by applying certain optimization techniques can also be initiated in SME for achieving more effectiveness. Thus, the proposed framework systematically integrates the required LSS tools such as current state map, 5S System, design of experiments and Define-Measure-Analyse-Improve-Control (DMAIC) methodology to enhance the performance of the SME to enhance the overall bottom-line results and win customer loyalty progressively. In future, the developed model can be reviewed and revised suitable to face the real time difficulties.

Effects of Minimal Quantity Lubrication (MQL) on Surface Integrity in Robotic Milling of Austenitic Stainless Steel

Robotic milling is considered to be a promising portable manufacturing technology for large scale part manufacturing industries such as nuclear, aerospace and power generation. However, considering the open environment of robotic milling, minimal quantity lubrication (MQL) stands to be one of the most suitable techniques for cooling and lubricating in robotic milling. In this paper, the effects of MQL conditions on surface integrity in robotic milling of austenitic stainless steel are discussed. The surface integrity is assessed in terms of surface residual stress (XRD) and surface roughness (optical metallography), where MQL conditions for improved tool life are also investigated.

Why Indian manufacturing SMEs are still reluctant in adopting total quality management

Total quality management (TQM) is an effective concept for improving the organisational performance of the manufacturing industries. Implementing TQM has become an essential business culture and a key survival tool for all manufacturing industries. TQM has been adopted by most of the large manufacturing industries, but small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in manufacturing sector of India are still reluctant to adopt TQM, though SMEs are the backbone of Indian economy. So, understanding the problems/difficulties of Indian manufacturing SMEs in implementing TQM has become very important. After thoroughly reviewing the literature and interviewing the management and quality teams of a number of Indian manufacturing SMEs, the authors identified their weaknesses/difficulties in adopting TQM, arranged them in order of their importance and recommended guidelines to overcome those difficulties, which will definitely contribute to successful implementation of TQM by manufacturing SMEs in India and other developing countries, for improving their organisational performance.

The Role of Host Country Factors and Institutional Framework for FDI Spillovers in Ethiopia: The Case of Manufacturing Sector

The Role of Host Country Factors and Institutional Framework for FDI Spillovers in Ethiopia: The Case of Manufacturing Sector

Integration of fuzzy theory into Kano model for classification of service quality elements: A case study in a machinery industry of China

Purpose: The purpose of study is to meet customer requirements and improve customer satisfaction that aims to classify customer requirements more effectively. And the classification is focused on the customer psychology. Design/methodology/approach: In this study, considering the advantages of Kano model in taking into account both customer’s consuming psychology and motivation, and combining with fuzzy theory which is effective to cope with uncertainty and ambiguity, a Kano model based on fuzzy theory is proposed. In view of the strong subjectivity of traditional Kano questionnaires, a fuzzy Kano questionnaire to classify the service quality elements more objectively is proposed. Furthermore, this study will also develop a mathematical calculation performance according to the quality classification of fuzzy Kano model. It’s more objective than traditional Kano model to realize the service quality elements classification. With this method, the accurate mentality can be fully reasonable reflected in some unknown circumstances. Finally, an empirical study in Xuzhou Construction Machinery Group Co., Ltd, the largest manufacturing industry in China, is showed to testify its feasibility and validity. Findings: The calculation results indicate that the proposed model has good performance in classifying customer requirements. With this method, the accurate mentality can be fully reasonable reflected in unknown circumstances and it is more objective than traditional Kano model to classify the service quality elements. Originality/value: This study provides a method to integrate fuzzy theory and Kano model, and develops a mathematical calculation performance according to the quality classification of fuzzy Kano model.

Trade Shocks and Labour Adjustment: Evidence from Pakistan’s Manufacturing Industries

The present study is an attempt to explore the impact of trade liberalisation on employment and wages of production and non-production workers in large scale manufacturing industries of Pakistan. We use a sample of 18 industrial establishments with a time series data covering a period 1970-71 to 2005-06. In order to account for endogeniety problem, this study uses the Generalised Method of Moments (GMM). The study comes up with the findings that trade liberalisation has significantly negative impact on employment of both production and non-production workers. On the other hand, trade liberalisation has a significantly positive impact on wages of production workers, but it has no significant impact on wages of non-production workers. The negative impact of trade is attributed to the high protection given to most of the inefficient industries in the post liberalisation period. On the other hand, reduction in non-production worker employment is not unexpected as in case of developing country like Pakistan, trade liberalisation is supposed to displace capital intensive industries that employ most of the non-production (skilled) workers. Keywords: Production Worker, Non-production Workers, Trade, Employment, Wages