Large Industrial Region Research Articles

Measurements of the air pollution effects on the color portions of solar radiation at Helwan, Egypt

The paper contains examples on the distribution of the color percentage or the color portion during very clear days and others polluted days for each season from sunrise (SR) to sunset (SS) and the difference between them. Some important parameters such as the clearness index (KT), diffuse fraction (KD), relative humidity (R.H) and temperature (T) effect on the direct color portions. The monthly variation are given for the four major color bands B1 (530 nm > λ), B2 (530 nm<λ<630 nm), B3 (630nm<λ<695 nm), B4 (λ > 695 nm) due to the meteorological and the environmental factors as T, R..H, and visibility. The data measurements are carried out through two years from June 1991 to May 1993, at Helwan, (Lat. 29° 52′ N, Long. 31° 20′ E), which is considered as the largest industrial region in Egypt.

JAPANESE EARTHQUAKE Chemical and drug operations disrupted

Last week's devastating earthquake in Japan did not discriminate. It leveled or damaged homes, factories, utilities, train lines, roads, bridges, and shipping berths alike—killing and injuring thousands and paralyzing one of Japan's largest industrial regions. After initially accounting for employees and their families, chemical and pharmaceutical companies with operations in the Kobe-Kyoto-Osaka region have just begun to assess damage to facilities, restore communications, and attempt to restore shipments. But several companies with operations in that area contacted by C&EN were able to provide at least preliminary details of the earthquake's effects. The biggest problem at press time for chemical companies seemed to be transportation. Kobe, one of Japan's largest ports, was essentially destroyed. Train lines, including the famous shinkansen, or bullet train, were severed. The Hanshin Expressway between Kobe and Osaka collapsed in several places. With electrical, water, and gas lines knocked out, chemica...

Transport in the largest industrial region in Western Europe: the Rhine‐Ruhr region

Abstract The historical evolution of urban transport in the largest, most densely populated industrial area of Western Europe is shown with special regard to public transport and environmental problems. Facts and figures about the travel patterns are given as well as a description of the transport infrastructure of this region. Finally, governmental objectives and plans for future transport‐related development are stated.

Water demand and supply in large cities in Japan

After WW II, water demand in Japan for municipal and industrial use has increased drastically in those large cities and industrial regions with rapid urbanization and high economic growth. This was true especially in the decades of 1950 and 1960.

Reconstruction of the Northern Donets-Donbas canal

1. Stagewise reconstruction of open canals can be accomplished under conditions of their uninterrupted operation. 2. An increase of the capacity of existing canals by reconstructing their structures and channel is an economically expedient measure competing with other variants of supplying water to large industrial regions.