Large Anterior Facial Height Research Articles

Perawatan dini pada displasia vertikal (Tinjauan Pustaka)

Vertical dysplasia in pediatric patients is divided into vertical overgrowth dysplasia and vertical growth deficiency dysplasia. Although it is still debated when to start treating vertical dysplasia, recently, there has been increasing interest in treating vertical dysplasia that sometimes accompanies cases of sagittal or transverse dysplasia. The clinical picture of vertical overgrowth dysplasia is generally manifested by a large anterior facial height, especially in the one-third anterior lower part of the face, sometimes accompanied by an anterior open bite. Treatment of children with vertical dysplasia, especially those with excessive vertical dysplasia, should be done early so the disorder does not get worse and can take advantage of the existing growth potential. Treatment of cases of vertical dysplasia must consider the nature of the abnormality, namely dental or skeletal abnormalities, morphological age, the direction of mandibular rotation, and the possibility of other dysplasia and existing etiological factors..

Do Specific Craniomaxillofacial Features Correlate with Psychological Distress in Adult Pretreatment Orthodontic Patients? A Cephalometric Study.

Purpose To explore the relationship between craniomaxillofacial features and psychological distress among adult pretreatment orthodontic patients. Methods A group of 190 patients (95 males and 95 females) was included. Questionnaires including the Kessler psychological distress scale (K10) were sent to patients, and cephalograms were collected. Patients were divided into two groups according to K10 score: psychological distress group (score ≥ 20) and no psychological distress group (score < 20). Nineteen hard tissue and thirteen soft tissue parameters were traced on cephalograms to characterize the craniomaxillofacial features. Results There was no significant difference in gender or age distribution between the two groups. Male patients with psychological distress showed statistically significantly larger anterior facial height (AFH) (126.62 mm vs. 120.97 mm), upper lip length (25.11 mm vs. 23.26 mm), and smaller overbite (1.21 mm vs. 2.75 mm) than patients without psychological distress. Male patients with hyperdivergent pattern and open bite were more likely to have psychological distress. None of the parameters showed statistical differences across groups in females. Frankfort-mandibular plane angle (r = 0.235), Bjork's sum (r = 0.311), AFH (r = 0.322), overbite (r = −0.238), AFH/posterior facial height (r = 0.251), and upper anterior facial height (UAFH)/lower anterior facial height (LAFH) (r = −0.230) were correlated with K10 score in males. After adjusting gender and age, the AFH (B = 0.147) and UAFH/LAFH (B = −14.923) were significantly related with the K10 score. Conclusion Psychological distress was mainly correlated with hyperdivergent pattern, open bite, and larger lower anterior facial height proportion in pretreatment orthodontic patients. Orthodontists should be aware of the possible underlying psychological distress in patients with specific craniomaxillofacial features. Clinical assessment of psychological distress may need to take into account gender differences in patients.

Evaluation of children with habitual snoring and unilateral cleft lip and palate by Ricketts analysis—Relationship between craniofacial morphology and pharyngeal airway space

Our previous studies reported that habitual snoring children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) had a large anterior facial height and narrow airway, but the sagittal position of maxilla a...

Cephalometric standards for 9 year-old Serbian children with neutroocclusion

Introduction. The populations show differences in relation to the various details of facial morphology. These differences are easily noticeable when comparing individuals with different ethnic background. Aim. To establish specific cephalometric standards between the sexes for the nine-year-old Serbian children. Methods. 36 boys and 42 girls (mean age 9±0.35) of Serbian nationality were selected based on the following criteria: Class I molar relationship, positive overbite and overjet less than 4mm, lack of crossbite, lack of oral and bucal failure, no previous orthodontic treatment, adequate amount of space in both dental arches, no visible asymmetry. Lateral cephalograms of each patient were analyzed twice. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum) were calculated for all measured parameters. The results were compared to the published norms of the other Caucasian populations. Normative data were presented in the tables. Results. Intergender differences included anterior cranial base length (Sella-Nasion), anterior facial height (nasion-menton), corpus maxilla length, SNA angle, SNB angle, angle SN/MP. Conclusion. Nine-year-old Serbian boys have a larger anterior cranial base, larger corpus maxilla, and larger anterior facial height, while the maxilla and mandible protrusion are more pronounced in girls.

An adult case of skeletal open bite with a large lower anterior facial height.

Control of the height of posterior dentoalveolar regions is of great importance for the correction of skeletal open bite. Traditionally, second premolar extraction facilitates the closure of open bite by inducing a counterclockwise mandibular rotation without molar intrusion. This article reports treatment for a 24-year six-month-old female patient with an open bite and large anterior facial height. She complained of occlusal disturbances and difficulty of lip closure because of the open bite. Overjet and overbite were +3.0 mm and -3.0 mm, respectively. To correct open bite and crowding, the bilateral extraction of the maxillary and mandibular second premolars plus multibracket appliances for mesial movement of the molars was selected as the treatment plan. After a two-year treatment, an acceptable occlusion was achieved, the lower anterior facial height was decreased, and the lips showed less tension in a lip closure. An acceptable occlusion was maintained without recurrence of the open bite during a three-year retention period, indicating a long-term stability of the occlusion. The results of this treatment indicated that the correction of open bite with no or less molar intrusion or incisor extrusion is of great importance for achieving stable occlusion and avoiding the relapse of open bite.

Dental anthropological study of Peruvian Indians

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dento-craniofacial morphology and the occlusal characteristics in the Peruvian Indians from the dental-anthropological point of view.The sample consisted of cephalograms, pantomograms, dental casts, photos and records (anthropometric measurements and oral examinations) which were taken from 145 modern Peruvian Indians and 185 ancient Peruvian Indians.The results were summarized as follows:1. About the dento-craniofacial morphology, the modern Peruvian Indians showed;1) brachycephaly and large bi-gonial breadth, having the similar tendency as the Japanese.2) smaller facial height and shorter depth of the cranial base and jaws than those of the Caucasians.3) small gonial angle and small mandibular plane angle which were specific characteristics compared with the Japanese.4) shorter depth of the alveolar portion of the jaws, larger anterior facial height and larger gonial angle than those of the ancient Peruvian Indians.2. About the occlusal characteristics, the modern Peruvian Indians had;1) wider dental arches than that of the Caucasians, showing the same values as the Japanese.2) remarkable differences in the mesiodistal crown diameters in all of the teeth and in the length of the dental arch between the early and late permanent dentition, which were caused by the mesial shifting of the teeth because of the attrition in the horizontal dimension.3) smaller incisors, larger premolars and molars in the mesiodistal crown diameter than those of the Caucasians and also had smaller incisors and premolars compared with the Japanese.4) smaller teeth in the mesiodistal crown diameter in all of the teeth than that of the ancient Peruvian Indians.5) shovel-shaped incisors in a higher frequency compared with the Caucasians and also had an interstitial tuberculum on the upper premolars in a lower frequency and underdeveloped crown on the lower premolars.