Language Norms Research Articles

Assessment of the quality of poetic translation (based on the material of translations of British poetry into Russian)

The subject of the research in the article is the peculiarities of assessing the quality of translation of poetic texts. The object of the study is the translation of a poetic text as a complex multidimensional process. In this paper, we will be interested in criteria for evaluating the quality of translation of a poetic work, since a comprehensive assessment of the quality of a poetic translation remains an unresolved problem, and the need for such a procedure remains. The criteria for evaluating poetic translation mean such signs of high-quality poetic translation, on the basis of which a standardized assessment of any poetic translation can be made, for example, in the conditions of a translation competition. To develop evaluation criteria, the author examines in detail the difficulties of translating poetry. The results of a comparative analysis of original and translated poetic texts are analyzed on the basis of the selected criteria. The work uses methods of directed sampling, comparative linguistic (phonetic, semantic, syntactic) analysis of parallel texts, linguistic and pragmatic analysis using elements of cultural and stylistic analysis, as well as quantitative data processing methods. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that a method of analyzing a poem based on an assessment of the quality of poetic translation is proposed. The concept of the quality of poetic translation is clarified, criteria for a comprehensive assessment of the quality of poetic translation are formulated. A comparative analysis of parallel original and translated texts – works of British poetry and their translations into Russian, performed by professional translators, is carried out. The quality of a poetic translation can be the object of a comprehensive assessment, which is carried out using a number of criteria: the preservation of the original author's idea, composition and rhyme of a poetic work, the selection of appropriate equivalents by the translator, the absence of significant permutations, omissions and distortions, as well as compliance with the norms of the translation language. The criteria for a comprehensive assessment of the quality of poetic translation can be recommended to the organizers of translation contests to evaluate the works of the participants of the contests, as they reduce the effect of subjective factors in the analysis of quality and make it possible to rank translation options, identify the most qualitative of them.

In Absentia Data Bahasa dalam Kejahatan Berbahasa Putusan Mahkamah Agung: Kajian Linguistik Forensik

Violation of language norms committed by an individual can result in sanctions or punishment. The penalties imposed in cases of hate speech may include fines or imprisonment. In the case of Bahar bin Smith and Yulianus Paonganan, there were language violations, particularly in the form of insults, defamation, and tarnishing the reputation of President Joko Widodo. Bahar bin Smith was sentenced to six months and fifteen days, while Yulianus Paonganan was sentenced to one year of imprisonment. Interestingly, in the Supreme Court’s decision regarding Bahar bin Smith’s case, there is no information regarding language violations. This raises questions about how a punishment for language-related crimes can be decided without linguistic evidence. This research is descriptive and qualitative, using a semantic approach to identify forms of hate speech. The linguistic forensic research results highlight the forms, types, and grammatical meanings of hate speech. Furthermore, the research findings indicate that the Supreme Court, in issuing decisions, is not always professional, lacks transparency, and exhibits negligence and carelessness, as evidenced by the issuance of a verdict without linguistic violation evidence.

Language acquisition and identity negotiation: Discursive positioning of Indonesian adolescents learning English

In the ever-evolving landscape of language education, this sociolinguistic study covers the discursive positioning of Indonesian adolescents in the intricate process of learning English. Language acquisition is a multifaceted phenomenon, often intertwined with complex social, cultural, and identity dynamics. This study covers the linguistic and sociocultural aspects of how Indonesian adolescents position themselves and are positioned by others within the discourse of English language learning. It used a qualitative design and conducted in-depth interviews with a diverse group of Indonesian adolescents aged 14-18 from various socio-economic backgrounds and educational settings. The analysis is rooted in positioning theory, a theoretical framework to examine how individuals construct their identities through language and interaction. The findings reveal a multifaceted picture of how Indonesian adolescents position themselves within the context of English language learning. Participants often engage in discursive practices that reflect their aspirations and struggles in mastering English. These practices are influenced by their social backgrounds, the role of English in their lives, and the educational settings they are part of. Furthermore, the study found distinct patterns of positioning, such as the "striver" positioning, where participants actively seek to align themselves with proficient English speakers, and the "resistant" positioning, where they push back against the pressure to conform to English language norms. The analysis also highlights the role of English language materials and classroom dynamics in shaping the discursive positioning of Indonesian adolescents. The materials often perpetuate certain linguistic norms and ideologies, impacting how students perceive themselves as language learners. Classroom interactions, on the other hand, provide a platform for students to negotiate their identities in relation to English. There is a need for a more nuanced and culturally sensitive approach to English language education in Indonesia.

Language matters: how normative expressions shape norm perception and affect norm compliance.

Previous studies have used various normative expressions such as 'should', 'appropriate' and 'approved' interchangeably to communicate injunctions and social norms. However, little is known about whether people's interpretations of normative language differ and whether behavioural responses might vary across them. In two studies (total n = 2903), we find that compliance is sensitive to the types of normative expressions and how they are used. Specifically, people are more likely to comply when the message is framed as an injunction rather than as what most people consider good behaviour (social norm framing). Behaviour is influenced by the type of normative expression when the norm is weak (donation to charities), not so when the norm is strong (reciprocity). Content analysis of free responses reveals individual differences in the interpretation of social norm messages, and heterogeneous motives for compliance. Messages in the social norm framing condition are perceived to be vague and uninformative, undermining their effectiveness. These results suggest that careful choice of normative expressions is in order when using messages to elicit compliance, especially when the underlying norms are weak. This article is part of the theme issue 'Social norm change: drivers and consequences'.

On Dynamics of Language Norms from Classical Period to the 19th Century (Biased on Hagiographic Texts Translated from Greek to Georgian Language)

The paper examines the dynamics of language norms from the classical period to the 19th century, based on the hagiographic texts translated from Greek into Georgian by a prominent Georgian church figure, Euthymius the Athonite. The translations were made between the end of the 10th century and the first half of the 11th century in the monastery of Iviron in Athos, Greece, and they have come down to us through manu-scripts copied both during this period and in the following centuries. They were creat-ed in different geographical spaces and cultural centers, which allows us to follow the evolution of language standardization over the centuries and to evaluate it in a wider philological, religious, and cultural context. In addition to the fascinating temporal and spatial range of the manuscripts, choosing the hagiographic texts as research material was also conditioned by the fact that hagiography, as an important genre of ecclesiastical writing, played a major role in the formation of religious and literary discourse in the Middle Ages. The literary, religious, and cultural weight of the Iviron Monastery of Athos has also been taken into account, which gives great linguistic value to the texts coming from there.

Conceptualizing translanguaging as sociomaterial intra-actions: materialization of language norms in a virtual EFL classroom in rural China

ABSTRACT In this article, translanguaging is understood as a sociomaterial process that unfolds as human-nonhuman intra-actions instead of human interactions. Using ethnographic approaches, I document some sociomaterial intra-actions in a virtual EFL classroom in rural China, which adhered to native-speakerism, monolingual ideologies, and traditional literacy pedagogy. I pay particular attention to how English language norms were materialized in this learning environment and how the materialization shaped my participant's translanguaging and learning process. I conclude the article by discussing how norm-resisting, sociomaterial-oriented translanguaging pedagogies might be situated in this context and beyond.

Translation transformations application in the process of psychologism rendering in English literary discourse

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities and translation transformations application while rendering psychologism from English into Ukrainian. The main scientific results are obtained applying a set of general scientific and special methods of research, namely: analysis and generalization of scientific literature on the problems of psychologism rendering in the process of translation; theoretical generalization, analysis and synthesis; holistic and integral approaches to the study of translation transformations; comparative, descriptive and analytical methods. Psychologism is an important element of a literary work that allows the reader to understand the inner world of the characters, their thoughts, feelings and experiences. When psychologism rendering, linguists often apply the following techniques to reproduce the psychological state of a character: using an internal monologue, dialogues, descriptions of appearance or the environment; using stylistic devices: metaphors, epithets, hyperbole and similes to enhance the psychological effect; taking into account cultural peculiarities. The author highlights that to achieve adequate translation the translator uses transformations to ensure that the translation text conveys all the information contained in the source text to the fullest extent possible, strictly adhering to the norms of the target language. The most frequently used translation transformations in the reproduction of psychologism are lexical transformations that adequately convey the semantic, stylistic and pragmatic features of the lexical unit, taking into account the norms of the target language. The main transformations in this group are semantic development, conceptual substitution, decompression and compression. As the analysed examples show, these transformations are often combined with each other and acquire the character of complex translation transformations, which is a necessary tool for preserving the specificity of psychologism in the English literary discourse text translation into Ukrainian.

The interplay of normative, descriptive, and prescriptive discourses in shaping student teacher development: an analysis of physical education inspection reports

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze physical education (PE) inspection discourse for insights into mentoring practices and teaching quality improvement. Examining reports provided perspective into normative, descriptive, and prescriptive evaluation aspects shaping student teacher development. Methods: The study involved 29 Tunisian inspectors of student teachers at the High Institute of Sport and Physical Education during the Fall 2022 academic term. In total, 117 pedagogical reports were obtained confidentially for discourse analysis. The analysis focuses on three types of discourse that may be present in the inspection reports: normative, descriptive, and prescriptive. The objective is to extract the most frequently used words and verbs by inspectors and to quantify the frequency of terms related to these three dimensions. Results: Analysis of verb and word frequencies within different discourse types revealed a significant association (χ² test, P= .0013, Cramer's V= .17, moderate effect size). Pedagogical inspectors predominantly employed normative language, with 78.1% of words and 62.7% of verbs falling into this category. This dominance suggests a focus on guiding, advising, and encouraging teachers through references to specific standards and practices. Notably, verbs like "guide" and "suggest" (14% and 12% frequency, respectively) were prevalent, highlighting a collaborative approach over direct imposition. Conclusions: This study challenges the singular focus on discourse modalities in inspector reports, revealing a multifaceted discourse ecosystem. While normative language sets standards and benchmarks, descriptive language captures classroom realities, and prescriptive language offers targeted guidance. This interplay fosters critical reflection, professional autonomy, and continuous improvement in student teachers. Inspectors, therefore, emerge as more than evaluators; they are facilitators.

Լեզվի և նորմի փոփոխության կանխադրույթներն ըստ Ա. Այտընյանի «քննական քերականության» / Hypotheses for Language and Norm Change in A. Aitynyan’s “Critical Grammar"

Arsen Aytynyan was a prominent figure in Armenian philological science during the 19th century. As a linguist and philosopher, he greatly influenced Armenian scientific thought of his time. Human thinking and communication shape the "form" and "type" of language. The Armenian language, in turn, reflects the intellectual, material, and moral state of the Armenian nation. In his work, Aytynyan examines the state of the Armenian language during his era, contrasting the dead ancient Armenian language with the modern Armenian language, which he saw as lifeless. He emphasizes key aspects of linguistic research, such as the standardization of language, changes in language norms, language development, and the language policy.

Primary school children's conflicted emotions about using their heritage languages in multilingual classroom tasks

AbstractFor many children in Flanders, Belgium, the language of instruction is not their first language. Allowing children to use their heritage languages in the classroom has been argued to have functional and socioemotional benefits. In two exploratory studies, we introduced a multilingual task in four classrooms across three linguistically and socially diverse primary schools, where Dutch was the language of instruction, to determine how students experience the opportunity to use their linguistic repertoire in class. The multilingual task was preceded by an assessment of students’ emotional reactions to the languages they speak through the Self‐Assessment Manikin gauging students’ emotional responses (pleasure, arousal, and dominance), and followed by a semistructured interview on students’ language choices. Both studies yielded similar results. Students generally indicated that they felt happy, calm, and in control when speaking their heritage language. Despite these positive assessments, many students refrained from using their heritage language in the multilingual tasks. A qualitative analysis revealed a variety of language‐related reasons leading to linguistic insecurity, language anxiety, and not using the heritage language: perceived language proficiency, language norms, language status, and appropriate contexts for language use. Conversely, we also identified several students who felt proud to showcase their heritage language. While multilingual tasks have the potential to induce positive emotions in students, teachers need to be aware of potential backlash and prepared to navigate the negative emotions surrounding contested language choices.

Changes in the grammatical norms of the number in proper and foreign names of shoes

Footwear and its various models are primarily the subject of study in merchandising; however, for linguistics, it is an equally interesting object of research in synchronous and diachronic aspects. In particular, the grammatical characteristics of footwear nouns have not yet been the subject of separate research. The plural form of the noun ʻfootwearʼ is more commonly used in modern linguistic practice, determined by the significance, for human existence, of the semantics of a com- plete pair of footwear. The singular form of the noun name ʻfootwearʼ is less common, as it disrupts the integrity of the concept of a ʻfootwear pairʼ with the semantics of an ʻindi vi- dualizedʼ object. The choice of the number form of footwear nouns as a register is deter- mined by different principles of compiling lexicographical publications and their distinct purposes: explanatory dictionaries prioritize the meaning of an unanalyzed plural, while re- gis ters prioritize the plural form of the noun expressing the semantics of a type of footwear. In orthographic dictionaries, the indication of another numerical form represents the inflec- tional component of the number category of fixed nouns in this semantic group. The grammatical significance of the number in the core of footwear names consists of nouns with a numeral pair, where the codification of the singular form is conditioned by the proportional origin of lexemes and the completion of the grammatical assimilation of foreigh lexemes. Lexicographical sources inconsistently record the singular form of footwear nouns from the core sphere. The change in the grammatical qualification of some footwear names from ʻpluralia tantumʼ to ʻgrammatical significance of singular and pluralʼ attests to the dynamics of morphological norms in contemporary Ukrainian language in general and the process of grammatical adaptation of predominantly foreigh lexemes in particular. However, more often, discrepancies in the printed and ele ctronic dictionaries regarding the grammatical number of nouns from the core sphere of footwear (either plural nouns or nouns with a numeral pair) are caused by subjective factors. The periphery consists of ʻpluralia tantumʼ nouns, most of which are of foreign origin and only make up a part of the lexical composition of the Ukrainian language. The infre- quent functioning of singular forms of nouns from the peripheral sphere in modern speech indicates the incompleteness of their grammatical adaptation. Predominantly foreigh foot- wear names that are not represented in any of the analyzed dictionaries reside outside the delineated spheres, and their use in the plural form in the texts of the 16th version of the Ukrainian National Corpus (HRAK) and in advertising posts on the social network ʻInstagramʼ illustrate the beginning of grammatical adaptation to the morphological norms of the modern Ukrainian language. We see the perspective of research in studying the dynamics of grammatical assimila- tion primarily of those footwear names that are only included in the lexical system of the Ukrainian language and have the grammatical status of ʻpluralia tantumʼ nouns, predomi- nantly used in modern speech either exclusively or mostly in the plural form, with the sin- gular form of these nouns not recorded in any lexicographical publication. The observa- tion of changes in the grammatical number of those footwear names whose singular form is not codified, as it is inconsistently represented in dictionaries, also remains relevant. Keywords: number category, noun, footwear name, pluralia tantum, nu me ral pair, parsed plu- ral, unparsed plural, dynamics, dictionary.

Exploring the Speech Act of Requesting by German-English Bilinguals in Workplace Scenarios

Culturally different ways of requesting can raise the possibility of misunderstanding in a 21st century workplace. Following the goal of Languages for Specific Purposes (LSP) to engender communicative skills that foster intercultural understanding, the present study examines how German immigrants living in the United States make requests in the workplace. This query aims to shed light on bilingual pragmatic and intercultural competence. A total of 17 participants completed oral discourse completion tasks. The results showed that the German-English bilinguals tended to blend socio-pragmatic norms of both languages into a unique bilingual pragmatic competence. Overall, they were more direct in German than in English when making requests, showing awareness of intercultural differences. In their German responses, the bilinguals appeared to be even more direct than Germans in previous studies. Furthermore, participants’ higher use of hints attests to pragmatic competence at the workplace, as hints were almost exclusively used with superiors. The findings help to better equip employees who work in global workplaces to express and understand requests. The findings also inform LSP curriculum, which is ideally situated to educate future workers in effective intercultural communication.

Переклад дієслів, що вводять пряму мову, у британській літературі (на прикладі серії романів Дж. Страуда «Агенція «Локвуд і Ко»)

The peculiarities of the Ukrainian translation of verbs that introduce direct speech in the texts of works of British fiction are clarified in the article. The texts of the Ukrainian translations of Jonathan Stroud’s «Lockwood & Co.» series of novels are analyzed by the author. It was found out that the problem of semantic and stylistic interpretation of direct speech and the selection of verbs that introduce direct speech when translating English works of fiction into Ukrainian is a constantly relevant one and causes active discussions among translation experts, linguists and critics. In particular, there are significant differences in the opinions of scientists regarding the expediency and legality of using lexical substitutions to specify verbs when translating into Ukrainian. While some researchers believe that translators do not sufficiently use the synonymous variety of the Ukrainian language in order to diversify it and emphasize the artistic text, other translation experts and critics are convinced that such translation substitutions are unacceptable changes to the original artistic text and demonstrate an incorrect the translator’s approach to their work. Thus, translation techniques, which some scholars consider to be successful and creative tools that help to align the original text with the norms of Ukrainian stylistics, others consider to be a serious violation and unlawful distortion of the original author’s artistic work. It has been proved that the second approach is typical for researchers from Western countries, which is largely caused by the peculiarities of cultures and, as a result, is reflected in the norms of western European languages.

НИГЕРИЙСКИЙ КИНОСЦЕНАРНЫЙ ТЕКСТ КАК ОТРАЖЕНИЕ КРЕОЛИЗОВАННОЙ РЕАЛЬНОСТИ

The article deals with the peculiarities of script texts within the realm of cinematography, a contemporary art form. The research endeavors to elucidate the primary characteristic features of Nigerian script texts, which undergo creolization towards the norms of British English and local languages and cultures. Screenwriters initiate the filmmaking process by crafting a script text, serving as the essential foundation for directors, actors, stuntmen, costume and makeup designers, as well as editors. Nigerian script texts manifest as creolized texts, distinguished by a notable feature: the detailed inclusion of authorial remarks providing extensive information for future utilization. Each film script embodies a creolized text, contributing to the transformation of structural substance into a new cinematic reality. Nigerian script texts undergo multiple instances of creolization, adapting to the requirements of local languages and cultural peculiarities. The research validates Nigerian script texts as creolized compositions characterized by detailed authorial remarks, shedding light on language-specific features such as grammar transformations resulting in simplification processes. The most prevalent grammar simplification processes entail the consecutive use of nouns and pronouns, a preference for simple verb tenses, and the omission of auxiliary verbs in interrogative and negative sentences. The grammatical alterations observed in Nigerian scripts are attributed to the influence of local languages and Nigerians' aspiration to adhere to local language features, thereby preserving cultural heritage.

America Needs a Grand Strategy

At present, much of what passes for our national security debate focuses on re-litigating the past or on day-to-day crisis and escalation management. At the same time, little thought in the public square is being devoted to fostering a strategy to navigate the storms brewing over the horizon. America urgently needs a serious debate on the nation’s grand strategy for this new era of state-on-state conflict, one that eschews the heretofore dominant normative language about “defending the rules-based international order,” and instead speaks to the enduring verities of hard power.

Нормативно-стилистический толковый словарь как «моментальная фотография» современного словоупотребления: новый взгляд на учение Ю.С. Сорокина

The article reconsiders Yury S. Sorokin’s theoretical approach (1967) to the type of the normative-stylistic explanatory dictionary of the modern Russian language. The fundamentals of the theory are discussed, together with its genesis and significance for the current Russian lexicographic process. Having been elaborated more than half-century ago, Sorokin’s concept, which is characterized by an in-depth, well-balanced, and consistent approach to the solution of fundamental problems of explanatory lexicography, is now especially relevant and important. The appeal to Sorokin’s theory allows adjusting our way of looking at the development of this lexicographic field, which is evaluated today as quite spontaneous and inconsistent. The idea of a normative-stylistic dictionary as the central type among academic dictionaries (tracing back to Lev V. Shcherba’s classical theory) brings to light such key attributes of a normative description of the Russian literary vocabulary as systematicity and synchronicity. Moreover, thanks to Sorokin’s balanced theoretical approach, lexicographers obtain a well-reasoned opportunity to create a complex description of vocabulary with respect to its functional-stylistic and chronological differentiation. An essential feature of Sorokin’s theory determining its supertemporal nature is the provision for a harmonized combination of various vectors of lexicographic description, which at the same time does not grow into inconsistency and compromise. The article shows that Sorokin’s theory is of prime importance for the typology of Russian explanatory dictionaries as it helps lexicographers to override various radical concepts (from a thesaurus-like dictionary to a prescriptive (or even prohibitive) dictionary) and to come into a medial position that will only allow focusing on the true task of normative explanatory lexicography, i.e. the codification of the literary language norm for the purpose of its conservation in the nation’s cultural background. The author declares no conflict of interests.

Linguistic features of spontaneous speech of the Anabar Dolgans (On the material of the expedition work)

The current functioning of the Yakut language and the languages spoken by the indigenous peoples in the North of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is under extensive scrutiny from various researchers. This interest stems from the fact that numerous languages of the northern and arctic territories are on the verge of becoming extinct owing to the impact of several anthropogenic factors. The article aims to identify linguistic characteristics of live speech amongst residents of the Yuryung-Khainsky Rural Okrug of the Anabarsky District. These speech patterns were recorded during the 2021 fieldwork conducted as part of the “Preservation of linguistic and cultural diversity and sustainable development of the Arctic and Subarctic of the Russian Federation” project (Agreement № 075-15-2021-616 from 07.06.2021). The spontaneous speech of five respondents, residents of the study area, was analysed. When analysing the empirical data, a range of methodologies was employed, including sociolinguistic and descriptive methods, as well as structural, quantitative and statistical analysis. Upon analysing the linguistic material, it has been determined that the language of the Anabar Dolgans is comprised mainly of words of Yakut origin. Additionally, the respondents also utilise Dolgan vocabulary and words of foreign origin, such as Russisms and Evenkisms. Despite the influence of various languages, several words used by Anabar Dolgan speakers have retained their original semantic meaning, identical to those in the Yakut language. However, the extensive usage of Russian in educational, administrative, and industrial domains has resulted in a high level of incorporation of Russisms in respondents' speech, without proper adaptation to Yakut and Dolgan language norms. The Anabar Dolgan language presents an excellent illustration of linguistic synthesis and cultural convergence among northern peoples and holds significant linguistic and cultural value. Ongoing linguistic transformations occurring within the Yuryung-Khainsky Rural Okrug pose a distinctive situation that calls for in-depth examination of the language through theoretical and empirical approaches.

Порушення словотвірних і морфологічних норм у медійних текстах (на матеріалі стрічки новин УНІАН)

The ability to present information clearly and competently is one of the mandatory requirements for qualified journalists. Violation of language norms, in particular those of word formation and morphology, reveals the incompetence and unprofessionalism of specialists who spread incorrect forms among their audience through their texts. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to draw attention to the non-normative word-formation models and declension forms that are not inherent in the Ukrainian language, but are actively used in journalistic materials, in particular in the UNIAN news feed. The following methods were employed in the course of the study: at the data collection stage – the method of linguistic observation was used to identify erroneous word and form formation of lexemes and to record them; the method of distributional analysis was imple- mented to identify the non-normative use of word and form affixes and to further systematise errors; the method of contextual analysis and the descriptive method were applied to identify grammatical deviations when analysing the collected and classified language material. The systematisation of errors gives grounds to assert that word-formation deviations arise under the influence of the Russian derivational system, which is especially noticeable in suffix word formation. Deviations from the morphological norm are mostly caused, first, by the excessive use of uncodified active present participles (30.2 % of all morphological anomalies), second, by the erroneous use of prepositions (17.1 %), and third, by the non-normative formation of nouns (16.6 %). Based on the systematisation of grammatical deviations, it can be argued that the jour- nalists of the analysed media outlet need to improve their professional competences, in particular in the field of language norms.

The language of Uzbek films of the independence period in the mirror of morphological standards

In the article, the language of some Uzbek films shot during the period of independence was selected as a research object and examined from the aspect of morphological norms. During the inspection, it was found that the language of the films also needs to be checked in terms of morphological standards. Both normative and non-normative cases of morphological means were observed in the language of motion pictures. The conclusions based on the observations were presented in diagrams and tables. It was noted that the morphological norm, like other literary language norms, is important in the formation and development of any literary language. It was proven based on examples that the language of movies plays a leading role in this. Conclusions were given that the future elimination of the shortcomings indicated in the examples can contribute to the development of literary language.

ПРАВОПИСНА ТА ЛЕКСИЧНА ВАРІЯНТНІСТЬ У ПУБЛІЦИСТИЦІ ПЕРІОДУ ДРУГОЇ СВІТОВОЇ ВІЙНИ (НА МАТЕРІЯЛІ ГРАКУ)

The article examines the cases of correlation between language standardization and ideology. The theoretical part of the study explores the history of the Ukranian spelling establishment. Then, the subcorpora of German, Soviet and underground periodicals have been created in General Regionally Annotated Corpus of the Ukrainian Language. In the practical part of the paper, an analysis of language norm variation in newspapers of different political orientation published during the Second World War in the General Regionally Annotated Corpus of the Ukrainian Language has been carried out, and the influence of ideology on the formation of language norms has been traced. The analysis concerns some phonetic and morphological peculiarities of the Ukrainian language. It was found that the German occupation newspapers and underground newspapers of OUN-UPA gravitate towards the Spelling of 1928, although some variability can be traced, and the Soviet ones gravitate towards the Spelling of 1933. It was established that the choice of a variant depended on the political orientation of the publication. At the lexical level, Soviet periodicals gravitate towards foreign words, while German and underground periodicals again show different tendencies.