Landscapes In Indonesia Research Articles

Intellectual Encounter Between Betawi and Banten Scholars: A Historical Perspective

This study delves into the intricate connections between the ulama (scholars) of Betawi and Banten, primarily focusing on the dynamics of their relationships as teachers and students or amongst peers who shared the same mentors, particularly during their educational pursuits with the Sheikhs in Makkah. These relationships played a pivotal role in shaping the religious and intellectual landscape of the regions. The research adopts a qualitative approach, emphasizing the depth and complexity of these interpersonal and intellectual connections. Data collection was conducted through a combination of in-depth interviews and thorough documentation studies. Interviews were targeted at experts, historians, and local community leaders with deep insights into the lives and contributions of these scholars. Documentation studies involved an extensive review of historical records, writings of the ulama, and other relevant literature that shed light on the educational and spiritual journeys of these scholars. The findings of this research reveal a rich tapestry of interactions and exchanges among the ulama of Betawi and Banten. It was observed that they shared a close-knit relationship, often forming bonds that transcended the typical teacher-student dynamic, fostering a community of learning and spiritual development. This study underscores the significant role played by these scholars in establishing and advancing Islamic boarding schools and other educational institutions. These establishments not only served as centers for religious and academic learning but also acted as platforms for intellectual encounters and discussions. These interactions and institutions were instrumental in the dissemination of knowledge and the nurturing of future generations of scholars, thereby contributing significantly to the religious and educational landscape in Indonesia. This research provides a nuanced understanding of the socio-religious fabric of Betawi and Banten, highlighting the profound impact of these scholars in shaping the Islamic discourse and education in these regions.

KEBIJAKAN UMUM IMPLEMENTASI MERDEKA BELAJAR

The implementation of the "Merdeka Belajar" (Freedom to Learn) policy is a crucial step in reshaping the education landscape in Indonesia. This policy aims to empower students to take charge of their own learning journey, fostering creativity, critical thinking, and a holistic development approach. This abstract provides an overview of the general policy framework, its objectives, and the anticipated impact on the education system. Key components include the decentralization of curriculum management, the integration of technology, and the promotion of lifelong learning. By examining the general principles and strategies of the "Merdeka Belajar" policy, this abstract contributes to a deeper understanding of the broader implications for education in Indonesia.

LOOKING FOR A NEW PARADIGM IN COPYRIGHT IN INDONESIAN REGULATIONS

This research examines the copyright landscape in Indonesia with a focus on regulatory dynamics, public awareness and law enforcement. The research approach uses normative methods and literature reviews to examine the development of copyright law, public moral awareness, and the implementation of policies related to copyright protection. Despite progress in copyright regulations, research shows that copyright infringement remains a serious problem in Indonesia. Piracy practices are still common and accepted as a cultural norm, while copyright law enforcement faces challenges in increasing public awareness and enforcement effectiveness. The findings of this research highlight the urgency of education to increase public awareness about copyright. The importance of further action to strengthen law enforcement and effectively protect copyright in Indonesia was also emphasized. This research has important implications for policy makers, law enforcers, and the general public to increase understanding of copyright, change cultural norms regarding piracy, and increase awareness of the importance of protecting copyright for sustainable social and economic development in Indonesia.

Legal Protection for Foreign Investment in the Disruptive Era in Indonesia

Objective: In this section, the primary goal and purpose of the discussion will be outlined. The objective is to examine the challenges and opportunities presented by the era of disruption, specifically in the context of foreign investment in Indonesia.
 
 Methods: This section will detail the approaches and strategies used to address the challenges identified in the objective. It will cover government policies, legal frameworks, and collaborative efforts between different entities to create a conducive environment for foreign investors.
 
 Results: Under this heading, the outcomes of the implemented methods will be presented. This may include the impact of government policies, improvements in investment security, and any notable changes in the investment landscape in Indonesia.
 
 Conclusion: The conclusion will summarize the key findings and insights derived from the examination of the era of disruption and its implications for foreign investment in Indonesia. It will also highlight the importance of ongoing cooperation between the government, regional authorities, and local communities for sustaining a secure investment environment.

Vulnerability of multi-designated landscape and its connectivity toward conservation: A case study in Kampar Kerumutan, Riau, Indonesia

Indonesia is declared by the United Nations as a country that meets its conservation targets. However, Indonesia has not maximized the potential conservation of its territory, and the ecosystem is still threatened by anthropogenic activity, particularly due to small and large scales cultivation. Besides, the Government of Indonesia (GoI) built taskforces at the national level to avoid greenhouse gas emissions through FOLU Net Sink 2030 that could tackle climate and biodiversity crises. Therefore, identifying OECMs and creating a sustainable management framework by elaborating on the carbon pool and its dynamics across the Indonesian landscape is crucial to meet the targets of the global conservation agenda. Kampar Kerumutan Landscape (KKL) is one of the critical landscapes in Indonesia with high potential conservation for biodiversity and high intervention from various concessions. Our result showed that most KKLs were categorized as potential restoration areas. Industrial forest plantations (IFP) had the highest threat for conservation. To connect the potential highly conserved areas within KKL for species mobility, restoration projects (particularly in IFP, Protected Areas, and Non-managed areas) should be conducted to achieve human and nature balance in the KKL.

KAJIAN ESTETIKA DESAIN UANG KERTAS SERIBU RUPIAH TAHUN 1980 KARYA SUDIRNO DEL

This study aims to find out the idea of creation, to describe the symbolic meaning, and to find out the aesthetics of the visual form of the RP.1,000 banknote by Sudirno Del. This study uses a qualitative descriptive. The sampling technique using purposive sampling and snowball sampling. Research data collection was carried out by interview, observation, and documentation techniques. This study uses a Flow Model of Analysis. The results of the study are as follows, (1) The idea of creating a design for the banknotes began with a process of contemplating the identity of the cultural history of the Indonesian nation. Sudirno Del was inspired to choose ideas about the natural beauty that exists in Indonesia. Influenced by the psychological factor of longing for his hometown, and also a sense of admiration for the beauty of the Canyon Cliffs Sianok which is felt to represent the beauty of Indonesia. The chosen hero Dr. Soetomo, related Sudirno's personal experience. Related to the services of the movement's figures, Dr. Soetomo is a figure engaged in organizations for people's welfare in the fields of education, health and agriculture. (2) The design of the banknotes functions as a medium that accompanies messages through icons, indexes, and symbols to remember and honor the services of heroes, as well as displaying the beauty of the natural landscape in Indonesia so that it can be seen by the people of Indonesia and the world. (3) The design on the banknotes contain aesthetic value based on the successful fulfillme

Vision 2030 and World AIDS Day 2023: Empowering Communities in HIV Research and Policy in Indonesia

Notable challenges and accomplishments have characterized Indonesia's efforts in combating HIV AIDS. As of 2022, it is estimated that 546,573 people are living with HIV in the country, with new infections totaling 24,223 in the same year. Recent data shows a decrease in new HIV infections and AIDS-related deaths. However, there remains a concerning steady rate of new infections within the men who have sex with men(MSM) population.1
 Although there have been improvements in Indonesia's HIV care cascade, particularly in achieving the first target of the 95-95-95 goals, challenges persist. In 2022, only 42% of people living with HIV (PLHIV) knew their status and were on HIV treatment, and a mere 15% of those on treatment achieved viral suppression.2 These figures highlight the necessity for strategies that are specifically tailored to meet the unique needs of different communities within the HIV AIDS landscape in Indonesia.

Analyzing the Applications and Implications of Current Emerging Technologies on Digital Trends

Advances in internet technology and social media have enabled direct and interactive consumer-business interactions via digital platforms. However, there is still a large gap in understanding the challenges and limitations that businesses face in effectively adopting this technology. This study aims to comprehensively explore the application of the latest technologies in digital marketing and offer actionable recommendations for optimizing their utilization in corporate marketing strategies. This research uses a literature-based approach for data collection and analysis. The rapid evolution of digital technology has greatly influenced the business landscape in Indonesia, with many digital platforms facilitating product promotion and sales. Although digital technology provides great benefits, it also presents various challenges and risks, especially in the field of digital marketing. This evolution underscores the efficacy of digital marketing as a powerful tool for product promotion. Leveraging social media and digital marketing strategies allows businesses to expand their reach to a wider target audience, attract potential customers and significantly increase sales figures. However, this has inherent challenges and risks, especially in maintaining data security and privacy, especially during online transactions and storing customer data. This research underscores the critical role of enforcing data security and privacy protocols to grow and maintain customer trust.

The Effect of Regulatory Compliance and Digital Audit Adoption on Auditor Performance and Financial Reporting Accuracy in Indonesia

The financial reporting landscape in Indonesia is marked by a complex interplay of regulatory compliance and the adoption of digital audit technologies. This study conducted a quantitative analysis to investigate the relationships between regulatory compliance, digital audit adoption, auditor performance, and financial reporting accuracy. The results revealed a robust positive association between regulatory compliance and both auditor performance and financial reporting accuracy. Regulatory compliance emerged as a vital driver of effective auditing and higher financial reporting accuracy in the Indonesian context. In contrast, digital audit adoption, while promising, did not exhibit a significant impact on auditor performance or financial reporting accuracy. The findings underline the importance of regulatory adherence in fostering financial transparency and accountability, and they offer valuable insights for auditors, organizations, and regulatory bodies in Indonesia.

The Platform Factors Affecting Digital Payment Advocacy

Objective: This study investigates the impact of e-payment platform reputation, e-customer support, and app navigation ease on e-payment experience, engagement, and advocacy in Indonesia's digital economy. Theoretical Framework: We address the gap in understanding these factors' effect on digital payment advocacy by employing a quantitative design and surveying 360 participants, using structural equation modeling (SEM). Method: Using SEM, we analyze survey data from 360 participants to examine the relationships between e-payment platform reputation, e-customer support, app navigation ease, e-payment experience, engagement, and digital payment advocacy. Results and Conclusion: App navigation ease, e-customer support, e-payment engagement, and experience significantly impact digital payment advocacy, providing guidance for policymakers to improve user trust and enhance digital transactions in the digital economy. Implications of the Research: The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers and platform providers aiming to enhance the digital payment landscape in Indonesia. Originality/Value: This research provides a comprehensive perspective on user behavior and attitudes toward digital payments, offering potential implications for stakeholders in the digital economy.

Political Relations: Political Identity and Social Media in Elections in Indonesia

This research examines the role of social media in shaping political identity and political participation in contemporary Indonesia. Utilizing document analysis, the study explores how individuals and societal groups use social media as a tool to influence and participate in political discourse. The method employed in this research is qualitative descriptive. The findings reveal that social media facilitates a framework for personal action, enabling widespread participation in various political and social issues, and integrating personal lifestyle values into political dialogue. The study also pays attention to the challenges faced by political parties in Indonesia in attracting voters, especially the younger generation who are highly engaged with social media, in the lead-up to the 2024 simultaneous elections. Lastly, it is found that social media has deepened social interaction and information for the millennial generation, particularly during the Covid-19 pandemic, affecting their views on politics and religion. The conclusion of this research emphasizes the importance of social media in shaping the political landscape in Indonesia, providing significant insights into how digital technology affects political participation and social identity.

Navigating Regional Regulatory Changes in Indonesia: An In-Depth Analysis of Post-Amendment Implementation of Law Number 12 of 2011 on Legislation Formation

In the context of Indonesia as a State of Law, the imperative role of the rule of law cannot be overstated in realizing the state's objectives. The formulation of Legislative Regulations, essential for upholding the rule of law, necessitates meticulous consideration of three fundamental principles: benefit, justice, and legal clarity. To ensure the effectiveness of these regulations in aligning with the direction and goals of national legal development, the process adheres to key principles, encompassing the clarity of objectives, appropriate institutional involvement, congruence among types, hierarchy, and material content, practicability, clarity of formulation, and transparency. This procedural framework is consistently implemented in a sustainable, coordinated, and integrated manner. The legal landscape in Indonesia underwent significant transformations with the enactment of Law Number 11 of 2020 on Job Creation, introducing the omnibus law technique. However, the subsequent Constitutional Court Decision Number 91/PUU-XVIII/2020 provisionally deemed this law unconstitutional. Responding to this decision, Law Number 12 of 2011 underwent a substantial amendment through Law Number 13 of 2022, specifically addressing the omnibus approach and enhancing meaningful public participation in statutory rule creation. This legal revision significantly influences the development of legal instruments at the regional level. Consequently, an examination of the implementation of regional legal product formation becomes imperative post the amendment of Law Number 12 of 2011 on the Formation of Legislative Regulations.

The 2024 Presidential Election: Contestation of Religious Ideology in Electoral Politics

This descriptive research examines the impact of using religious ideology in electoral politics on interfaith harmony and tolerance in Indonesia, focusing on the 2024 presidential election. This research aims to investigate how political candidates use social media to mobilize religious ideology and its effect on public opinion and electoral outcomes. Secondary data were collected through a comprehensive literature review, analyzing recent elections, content analysis of social media posts, patterns in social media engagement, the effectiveness of existing interfaith dialogue initiatives, and the role of misinformation, hate speech, and hoaxes related to religious ideology in electoral politics. The study found that the use of religious ideology in electoral politics has the potential to negatively impact harmony and tolerance among religious communities in Indonesia. Social media plays a crucial role in the mobilization of religious ideology by political candidates. The combination of religious ideology and social media usage may exacerbate existing interfaith tensions and further polarize the political landscape in Indonesia. The research concludes by recommending that citizens need to have a moderate understanding of religion, understand digital literacy, and always be wise in using social media with a filtering culture before sharing.
 Keywords: electoral politics, Indonesia, interfaith harmony, religious ideology, social media

The Influence of Government Funding on Advancing Digital Transformation within the Arts and Cultural Landscape in Indonesia

The Influence of Government Funding on Advancing Digital Transformation within the Arts and Cultural Landscape in Indonesia

Using Nominal Group Technique to Explore Publication Challenges and the Usefulness of AI-Based Writing Technologies: Insights From Indonesian Scholars

In the current academia landscape, academics, particularly those from non-native English speaking (NNES) countries, face formidable challenges in gaining publication in reputable international journals. The dominance of English as the language of scientific dissemination, coupled with limited resources and research infrastructure, hinders NNES academics from meeting the standards of high-impact journals. This issue is particularly pronounced in Indonesia, where most scholars face the additional challenge of conducting research in Bahasa Indonesia and writing manuscripts in English. The purposes of this study were to elicit the obstacles encountered by Indonesian scholars in gaining international publication, and the extent to which the advancement of AI-based writing technologies can provide solution. The study is expected to provide valuable insights into their experiences and contributing to a better understanding of the publishing landscape in Indonesia. The study utilized the Nominal Group Technique (NGT) to capture the opinions of four Indonesian academics pursuing their doctoral degrees overseas. The findings highlight the need for user-friendly, comprehensive technology solutions, including Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based software and applications, to assist academics in English academic writing in the Indonesian context. Despite the limitations of current digital writing assistants, they are recommended as useful aids in overcoming language barriers. Access to human consultants was unanimously considered crucial. Initiatives such as advocating for multilingualism and providing language editing services, as well as the availability of online resources and support, are important steps towards addressing disparities in academic publishing. The findings of this research have the potential to inform policies and initiatives aimed at supporting and promoting Indonesian academics in their pursuit of reputable international publications.

Habitat Use, Terrestriality and Feeding Behaviour of Javan Slow Lorises in Urban Areas of a Multi-Use Landscape in Indonesia

Urban areas are rapidly expanding into natural habitats worldwide. When species are threatened with habitat loss, it is vital to understand how they will respond or adapt to the change in their environment. One primate species threatened by habitat loss is the fully arboreal Javan slow loris (Nycticebus javanicus). This non-leaping species not only relies on canopy continuity but is also subject to capture for illegal wildlife trade, especially in anthropogenic landscapes where they are easier to catch. We examine the use of urban areas by Javan slow lorises in terms of habitat use as well as feeding and terrestriality behaviours in the municipality of Cipaganti in West Java, Indonesia. For this study, we observed Javan slow lorises from May 2018 to April 2020 for two dry periods and two wet periods. We combined home ranges and core areas with a land cover classification of the area to understand the composition of the loris habitat. We also included feeding and terrestriality data to determine the ratio of these activities within each land cover class. We found that approximately half of their territory falls into natural areas (bamboo patches: 45–60%), and the other half is in human land use areas (agriculture, shade gardens, urban areas, and fallow land). Urban areas ranged from 0 to 54% of an individual loris’s habitat, with the proportion of urban land cover being higher in some individuals’ core areas than in their home ranges. Only urban areas showed a variation between periods, with p-values of 0.06 and 0.002 for home ranges and core areas, respectively, showing a significant increase usage during dry periods. Of all feeding observations, 4% occurred in urban areas with nectar being the most common feeding item. We recorded thirteen different food species in urban areas with Calliandra calothrysus being the most frequent. We found that 7% of terrestriality events occurred in urban areas. The findings from this study show that human land use areas cover a significant portion of the Javan slow lorises habitat in this region, further emphasising the need to consider the needs of these Critically Endangered primates when developing natural habitats into those of human managed landscapes. The same principles are true for the large number of species that are able to persist in urban areas in a world increasingly dominated by humans.

Explaining the unsuccessful relationships between brand awareness and behavioral intention: a serial mediation study

PurposeThis paper aims to explain the unsuccessful relationship between the awareness of prominent international education brands and enrollment intention.Design/methodology/approachA serial mediation model encompassing perceived congruity and brand attitude was developed and tested using the PLS-SEM technique, involving 132 respondents.FindingsThe results revealed that the awareness of international education brands, subsequently perceived as internally congruent with the prospective students’ self-image in terms of resource sufficiency, will yield enrollment intention by forming the desired brand attitude.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper includes generalizability as its limitation, with suggestions to undertake the broader scope of studies. Future research could examine other variables to enhance the model.Practical implicationsThis paper presents theoretical and managerial implications for higher education branding and marketing.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study could be the first to discuss the international university landscape in Indonesia. In addition, the proposed model could be a plausible framework for explaining the intention to accept not only international education brands but also other brands of goods and services, thereby benefiting both educational and consumer research.

IMPLEMENTATION OF SHARIA-BASED FINANCIAL SYSTEM BY OJK: PROMOTING A SUSTAINABLE AND INCLUSIVE ECONOMY

The OJK plays a pivotal role in developing financial products that adhere to Shariah principles, as well as promoting financial inclusion through the expansion of microfinance and the enhancement of the infrastructure and ecosystem of the Shariah financial sector. Furthermore, the OJK actively engages in fostering Shariah financial literacy within the community and collaborates with various stakeholders to improve accessibility to Shariah finance. This article aims to examine the implementation of a Shariah-based financial system by the Financial Services Authority (OJK) with the aim of fostering sustainable and inclusive economic growth. The research methodology employed in this article is qualitative descriptive research, which elucidates the Shariah financial system implemented by the OJK to drive sustainable and inclusive economics. This article underscores the importance of sustainable economic growth and emphasizes the necessity of cooperation between the government, private sector, civil society, and international institutions to achieve these objectives. The OJK assumes a critical role in overseeing and ensuring the compliance of financial institutions with Shariah principles, while also advocating for awareness and understanding of Shariah finance and its associated benefits through educational and training programs. This article highlights the significance of enhancing awareness and understanding of the Shariah-based financial system among Indonesian society, and proposes measures that can be undertaken by the OJK to promote this objective. It underscores the importance of public education and awareness programs aimed at increasing knowledge and appreciation of Shariah finance, thereby contributing to a more sustainable and inclusive economic landscape in Indonesia.

Symbolic interactionism in vernacular cultural landscape research

Customary and traditional villages, also called vernacular cultural landscapes, are local settlement units whose inhabitants adhere to ancestral beliefs. It is important to conduct research on vernacular cultural landscapes in Indonesia, given the usual and concerning degradation of cultural landscapes. Different places have different cultures and different customary rules and habits. Each has its uniqueness and distinctiveness, so there is no one standardized approach or method that can be adapted to study the vernacular cultural landscape. Different places may require different research approaches or methods; even the same place if studied under a different topic or time frame, may also require a different approach or method. There are research approaches commonly used by the researcher of the vernacular cultural landscape, including phenomenology, narrative study, case study, grounded theory, and ethnography. This article will review one approach that can be an alternative for the researcher of the vernacular cultural landscape, namely Symbolic Interactionism. Symbolic Interactionism is an approach that can be effectively applied to study human groups, community life, and social interactions. Symbolic interactionism is able to reveal the relationships that occur naturally among members of the society, particularly the relationship between intangible symbols, rules, norms, and daily activities, with tangible things such as the formation of space, buildings, circulation, and other physical configurations.

Pesticides reduce tropical amphibian and reptile diversity in agricultural landscapes in Indonesia.

Pesticide use on tropical crops has increased substantially in recent decades, posing a threat to biodiversity and ecosystem services. Amphibians and reptiles are common in tropical agricultural landscapes, but few field studies measure pesticide impacts on these taxa. Here we combine 1-year of correlative data with an experimental field approach from Indonesia. We show that while pesticide application cannot predict amphibian or reptile diversity patterns in cocoa plantations, our experimental exposure to herbicides and insecticides in vegetable gardens eliminated amphibians, whereas reptiles were less impacted by insecticide and not affected by herbicide exposure. The pesticide-driven loss of a common amphibian species known to be a pest-control agent (mainly invertebrate predation) suggests a strong indirect negative effect of pesticides on this service. We recommend landscape-based Integrated Pest Management and additional ecotoxicological studies on amphibians and reptiles to underpin a regulatory framework and to assure recognition and protection of their ecosystem services.