Landline Telephone Research Articles

Landline Natives: Telephone Practices since the 1950s as Innovation.

The telephone has played a key role in shaping modern life. While most scholars focus on the early use of landline telephones, this article follows the subsequent social history of landline telephones in the late twentieth century as an equally significant phase of innovation, when telephone practices changed radically as a result of transformations in national and household infrastructures. In this article, we identify a new generation of "landline natives" emerging around 1968; for them, the telephone was a natural form of communication and part of their home environments. Our case study of how telephone use became taken for granted serves as a prehistory for scholars studying cellphone and smartphone practices as well as media scholars seeking to understand audience participation in television and radio.

Pattern and correlates of public support for public health interventions to reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages.

To examine the pattern and correlates of public support for twelve public health interventions aimed at reducing sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption. Cross-sectional population-based survey. Respondents were recruited using a random digit dialling procedure (landline telephone) and a random selection of telephone numbers (mobile telephone). Sampling quotas were applied for age, and the sample was stratified according to administrative regions. The province of Québec, Canada. One thousand adults aged between 18 and 64 years and able to answer the survey questionnaire in French or English. Support was observed for a number of public health interventions, but the more intrusive approaches were less supported. Support for taxation as well as for sale and access restriction was positively associated with the perceived relevance of the government intervention, perceived effectiveness, and perceived associations between SSB consumption and chronic diseases. Believing that SSB consumption is a personal choice and daily consumption were generally negatively associated with strong support and positively associated with strong opposition. Sparse associations between sociodemographic and socio-economic characteristics were observed, with the exception of sex and age: women were generally more likely to support the examined public health strategies, while younger respondents were less likely to express support. Increasing perceived effectiveness and government responsibility for addressing the issue of SSB consumption could lead to increased support for SSB interventions. Increasing the belief that SSB consumption could be associated with chronic diseases would increase support, but SSB consumers and younger individuals are expected to be resistant.

The Closing Sequences and Ritual Expressions of Informal Mobile Phone Calls Between Saudis: A Conversational Analysis

Although much work has been conducted on studying conversational openings of telephone and ritual expressions, conversational closings and ritual expressions have received less attention by researchers due to the complexity and difficulty of identifying the beginning of closings in telephone conversations. The parts of closing and ritual expressions on telephone have been examined in some languages, but Arabic has not been studied in landline telephone or mobile phone. Therefore, this study seeks to identify the sequences and ritual expressions between Saudi friends and relatives to explore the strategies of closing informal mobile phone calls by using a conversation analysis approach. Thirty audio-recorded and transcribed mobile phone conversations served as the data source for this study. The results found that the majority of mobile phone closing conversations include three parts: pre-closing, leave taking, and terminal exchange that are similar to many languages such as English, Japanese, and German. Also, various expressions were used in pre-closing and leave taking sequences, but the expressions of using prayers were used more frequently in the sequences. Finally, closing conversation is affected by various external and internal social factors in the sequences and the use of ritual expressions.

The association of problematic smartphone use with family well-being mediated by family communication in Chinese adults: A population-based study.

Background and aimsFew studies have investigated the effects of problematic smartphone use (PSU) in the family context. We studied the association of PSU as a predictor with family well-being and the potential mediating role of family communication in Hong Kong Chinese adults.MethodsWe analyzed data of 5,063 randomly selected adults [mean age (SD) = 48.1 (18.2) years; 45.0% men] from a dual landline and mobile telephone survey in 2017. PSU was assessed by the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version with higher scores indicating higher levels. Family well-being was assessed by three questions on perceived family health, harmony, and happiness (3Hs) with higher scores indicating greater well-being. Perceived sufficiency and quality of family communication were rated. Multivariable regression analyses examined (a) associations of PSU with family 3Hs and well-being and (b) mediating role of family communication, adjusting for sociodemographic variables.ResultsPSU was negatively associated with perceived family health (adjusted β = −0.008, 95% CI = −0.016, −0.0004), harmony (adjusted β = −0.009, 95% CI = −0.017, −0.002), happiness (adjusted β = −0.015, 95% CI = −0.022, −0.007), and well-being (adjusted β = −0.011, 95% CI = −0.018, −0.004). Perceived family communication sufficiency (adjusted β = −0.007, 95% CI = −0.010, −0.005) and quality (adjusted β = −0.009, 95% CI = −0.014, −0.005) mediated the association of PSU with family well-being, with 75% and 94% of total effects having mediated, respectively.Discussion and conclusionsPSU was negatively associated with family well-being, which was partially mediated by family communication. Such findings provide insights for health programs to prevent PSU and improve family well-being.

Conversation Analysis: Opening Sequences and Ritual Expressions of Informal Mobile Phone Calls between Saudis

Much work of studying opening conversations has been conducted on landline telephone calls; whereas, mobile phone conversations have received less attention by researchers despite of the dominance of using mobile phone in our social life. Informed by conversation analysis (CA) approach, this study aims to identify the opening sequences and ritual expressions of informal mobile phone conversations among Saudi friends and relatives. Another goal is that to identify whether the opening sequences of mobile phone are similar or different from the landline telephone. The study will answer the following questions: what are the opening sequences and ritual expressions of mobile phone? And what are the similarities and differences between mobile phone and landline telephone in terms of the opening sequences. Thirty audio-recorded and transcribed mobile phone conversations served as the data source for this study. Data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by using the CA approach. Findings showed that the majority of opening sequences of mobile phone calls were reduced to three sequences: summons answer, greeting exchanges, and how-are-you exchanges due the impact of caller ID. In addition, the sequence of identification/recognition can be found when the caller does not know the callee or the number is silent. Therefore, mobile phone and landline telephone have similarities and differences in the opening sequences in general. However, the differences observed can be a reason of the cultural practices for language use more than the effect of medium used in communication such as landline telephone and mobile phone in Saudi Arabic. Finally, more data are needed to investigate gender differences.

First choice for use of health services by the adult population of the Federal District, Brazil, 2015: a cross-sectional study.

to describe the first choice for use of health services and to analyze sociodemographic factors associated with seeking Primary Health Care (PHC) by the adult population of Brazil's Federal District in 2015. this was a population-based study, with 2,007 individuals, using a sample from the 2015 VIGITEL survey conducted by landline telephone, including questions on use of health services; we used logistic regression to identify factors associated with seeking PHC services. participants' first choice was predominantly for private health services (57.6%), respondents reported seeking public health services less (39.5%), particularly PHC services (primary health centers: 24.6%); multivariate analysis showed that educational level (postgraduate [OR=0.15 - 95% CI 0.04;0.59] and high school [OR=0.37 - 95%CI 0.18;0.75]), and not having private health insurance (OR=27.77 - 95%CI 10.61;72.70) were variables associated with seeking PHC services. individuals with low educational level and without private health insurance are those who mostly seek PHC services as their first choice in Brazil's Federal District.

Prospects for the Development of Online Trade in the Russian Federation in the Context of Globalization and the Information Society Establishment

The modern trade exists in the context of globalization and the information society establishment. The authors review the development of online trade in the Russian Federation and put the following research questions: how is the information and communication environment established in Russia? is there a link between the economic, information, communication and trade globalization, on the one hand, and the development of digital technologies in the trade sector, on the other hand? what are the prospects for the development of Russian digital trade in the global space? The results have indicated that the use of personal computers, local computing networks, and landline telephone networks in the Russian Federation has reached a level where a further increase in their number is not accompanied by an adequate increase in digital competencies. As a result of the study, the authors have found a relationship between the public activity in online trade and the development of the information society. They have also identified the factors that contribute to positive changes in the structure of Internet use by the population of the Russian Federation to order goods and services; factors hindering the development of online trade; and factors that do not influence the development of online trade. Regardless of the weak and deteriorating legal environment and the low efficiency of investment in innovation, the information society establishment and the development of online trade and the digital economy in the Russian Federation have positive dynamics supported by the activity of global players in the online space.

Conversation Analysis: Opening Sequences and Ritual Expressions of Informal Mobile Phone Calls between Saudis

Much work of studying opening conversations has been conducted on landline telephone calls; whereas, mobile phone conversations have received less attention by researchers despite of the dominance of using mobile phone in our social life. Informed by conversation analysis (CA) approach, this study aims to identify the opening sequences and ritual expressions of informal mobile phone conversations among Saudi friends and relatives. Another goal is that to identify whether the opening sequences of mobile phone are similar or different from the landline telephone. The study will answer the following questions: what are the opening sequences and ritual expressions of mobile phone? And what are the similarities and differences between mobile phone and landline telephone in terms of the opening sequences. Thirty audio-recorded and transcribed mobile phone conversations served as the data source for this study. Data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by using the CA approach. Findings showed that the majority of opening sequences of mobile phone calls were reduced to three sequences: summons answer, greeting exchanges, and how-are-you exchanges due the impact of caller ID. In addition, the sequence of identification/recognition can be found when the caller does not know the callee or the number is silent. Therefore, mobile phone and landline telephone have similarities and differences in the opening sequences in general. However, the differences observed can be a reason of the cultural practices for language use more than the effect of medium used in communication such as landline telephone and mobile phone in Saudi Arabic. Finally, more data are needed to investigate gender differences.

Geographic Inaccuracy of Cellphone Samples

The geographic accuracy provided in cellphone samples has been an issue of particular concern for telephone surveys. Surveyors use this information for geographic sample stratification and analysis; however, the location generated using random digit dialing (RDD) methods is typically the rate center in which the phone was activated and not the owner’s current residence. Researchers have found the location is fairly accurate at the regional (census region) level. However, the error rate increases when moving to the state and local levels. Cellphone error rates are higher among ‘cell-only’ (cellphone users who do not have a landline telephone) respondents than for ‘dual-users’ (cellphone users who have a cellphone and landline telephone). Among respondents sampled from the landline frame, the error rate (difference between location on the sample file and current location of residence) is smaller. Past research estimates the state error rate is about 1% for a landline sample and 12% for the ‘cell-only’ group (Skalland and Khare 2013). This paper builds upon previous research by providing state level estimates of inaccuracy for both ‘cell-only’ and ‘dual-users.’ It also examines the trend of state-level inaccuracy estimates over 18 months using data from the Gallup Daily Tracking survey. Finally, we examine the characteristics of ‘cell-only’ and ‘dual-users’ and implications of geographic inaccuracy of cellphone samples on the state level dual-frame RDD estimates.

Civil registration system (CRS) for birth and death registration in Assam – A rapid assessment

Problem consideredCivil registration is, only way to track all births and deaths. Globally, 2/3 of annual deaths, are not registered. Despite existence of Registration of Birth and Death Act (1969), Civil Registration System (CRS) in India registers only 68.3% births and 63.2% deaths. AimA rapid assessment of civil registration system for birth and death registration in Assam. MethodsCross-sectional descriptive study using mixed method was undertaken. Predesigned, pretested questionnaires were used for quantitative study. For qualitative study key informant interview of service providers and Focus group discussion of beneficiaries was conducted in each District. ResultsOnly 8.5% (27) service providers, trained to operate a computer. Designated office were present in 62.5% (198) facilities, while only 15.5% (49), 7.9% (25), 25.6% (81) and 12.6% (40) of the facilities have landline telephone, cellular phone, functional computer and internet connectivity, respectively. Electricity connection present in 97.2% (308). Facilities are open for 8 h in 86.1% (273) cases. Reason for poor utilization includes difficult communication, lack of awareness, inefficient system. ConclusionTremendous scope of improvement in birth and death registration department with adequate investment to improve the infrastructure, manpower and IT equipment's.

A Quantification of the Net Consumer Surplus from Gambling Participation.

Gambling exposes people to risk for harm, but also has recreational benefits. The present study aimed to measure gambling harm and gambling benefits on similar scales using two novel methods adapted from the Burden of Disease approach (McCormack et al. in Psychol Med 18(4):1007-1019, 1988; Torrance et al. in Health Serv Res 7(2):118-133, 1972) to find whether gambling either adds or subtracts from quality of life. A Tasmanian population-representative survey of 5000 adults (2534 female) from random digit dialling (RDD) of landline telephones in Tasmania (50%), as well as pre-screened Tasmanian RDD mobiles (17%) and listed mobile numbers (33%), measured gambling benefits and harms amongst gamblers (59.2%) and a non-exclusive set of people who were "affected" by someone else's gambling (4.5%). The majority of gamblers indicated no change to their quality of life from gambling (82.5% or 72.6% based on direct elicitation or time trade off methods, respectively). Nevertheless, a weighted average of all the positive and negative influences on quality of life, inclusive of gamblers and affected others, revealed that the quality of life change from gambling is either a very modest + 0.05% or a more concerning - 1.9% per capita. Gambling generates only small or negative net consumer surpluses for Tasmanians.

Telephone surveys under different frame constructions—evaluating differences in estimates, precision, and cost

ABSTRACTDual-frame, random-digit-dialing (DFRDD) surveys, using a frame of landline telephone numbers and a frame of cell phone numbers, have become the norm for telephone surveys. Two alternative frame constructions sample exclusively from a cell phone frame, referred to as the ‘single-frame cell,’ and sample from the listed landline frame and the cell phone frame, referred to as ‘listed/cell.’ The listed/cell frame construction differs from the DFRDD in that it does not select unlisted-landline frame members. We observe in our simulated data that the listed/cell frame construction results in estimates that more closely approximate the estimates from DFRDD compared with the single-frame cell, results in an improvement in precision compared with the DFRDD that is not as large as the improvement in the single-frame cell, and has lower cost than both the DFRDD and the single-frame cell. We conclude that a listed/cell frame construction might be a better solution than either a DFRDD or single-frame cell frame construction.

Do parents prefer inactivated or live attenuated influenza vaccine for their children?

ObjectivesTo determine the proportion of children whose parents prefer them to receive live, attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) or inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV), examine reasons for preferences, and determine what percentage of vaccinated children receive other than the preferred type of vaccine and why. MethodsParental-reported data for the 2014–15 and 2015–16 influenza seasons from the National Immunization Survey-Flu (NIS-Flu), a random-digit-dialed, dual frame (landline and cellular telephone) survey of households with children, were analyzed. We calculated the proportions of vaccinated children aged 2–17 years whose parents preferred LAIV, IIV, or had no preference, and the proportions that were vaccinated with other than the preferred type of vaccine. ResultsFor the 2014–15 and 2015–16 seasons, 55.2% and 53.7%, respectively, of vaccinated children had parents who reported no preference for either IIV or LAIV. The percentage who preferred LAIV was 22.7% and 21.7%, and IIV was 22.1% and 24.7%. The most common reason given by parents for preferring LAIV was the child’s fear of needles (70.9%) and for preferring IIV was belief that the shot is more effective (29.0%). Approximately one-third of vaccinated children whose parents preferred LAIV received IIV only. ConclusionsThe main finding of this study was that most parents do not have a vaccine type preference for their children. The lack of overwhelming preference is advantageous for the maintenance of vaccination coverage levels during times when one vaccine type is not available or not recommended such as in the 2016–17 and 2017–18 seasons when there was a temporary recommendation not to administer LAIV.

Today's Hearing Technologies: Definitions, Regulations, Overlaps

Today's Hearing Technologies: Definitions, Regulations, Overlaps

Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) and Diabetes Preventive Care Practices among People With and Without Vision Impairment

Objective: To examine whether participating in Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) was associated with increased diabetes preventive care practices among those with and without self-reported vision impairment (VI). Background: Over 30 million people in the United States have diagnosed diabetes. DSME is a vital component of care, facilitating the knowledge and skills needed to improve self-care for diabetes. Those with VI are more likely to have diabetes than those without, highlighting a need to examine DSME participation and preventive care practices among those with and without VI. Methods: We used data from the 2015 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), a large ongoing landline and cellular telephone based survey. The question “Have you ever taken a course or class in how to manage your diabetes yourself?” was asked in 37 states plus the District of Columbia and Guam. In a logistic regression, we examined if the association between DSME and 9 preventive care practices was significantly modified by VI status. Results: Regardless of VI status, respondents with diabetes who participated in DSME had a greater predicted probability of engaging in each preventive care practice than those who did not. Compared to respondents with VI who did not participate in DSME, those with VI who participated in DSME had a significantly greater predicted probability of having administered a daily glucose check (83.7% vs. 59.3%) and having had an annual visit to a health care professional for their diabetes (95.3% vs. 82.1%). Conclusions: Participants with VI who received DSME have increased predicted probability of engaging in certain self-care practices compared to those with VI who did not receive DSME. This highlights the importance of people with diabetes and VI acquiring the appropriate tools to positively affect their own health. Disclosure S. Sekar: None. R.B. Gerzoff: None. J.B. Saaddine: None. M.M. Saunders: None.

Health information exposure from information and communication technologies and its associations with health behaviors: Population-based survey

Health information and communication technologies (ICTs) are increasingly used but little is known about routine exposure to health information from ICTs and its associations with health behaviors. A territory-wide population-based dual landline and mobile telephone survey was conducted in 2016 in Hong Kong, where smartphone ownership and Internet access are among the most prevalent, easiest and fastest in the world. Health information exposure from traditional sources (television/radio/newspaper/magazine), Internet websites, social media sites and instant messaging (IM); and information on smoking, alcohol consumption and physical activity were recorded. Prevalence was weighted by age, sex and education level of the general population. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the association of health information exposure with smoking and alcohol consumption, whilst multivariable linear regression was used to assess the association with frequency of moderate and vigorous physical activity (days/week). Of 3063 respondents, most (71.6%) were often or sometimes exposed to health information from traditional sources, followed by Internet websites (40.9%), social media sites (40.7%), and IM (27.0%). Respondents with lower education and household income were less frequently exposed to health information from Internet websites, social media sites and IM (all P < 0.001). Health information exposure from IM was associated with being never smokers, and more frequent moderate and vigorous physical activity (all P for trend <0.05). Health information exposure from IM was least frequent but associated with healthier behaviors. Further public health education campaigns can consider using IM to deliver information, particularly to disadvantaged groups.

The Effects of Respondent and Question Characteristics on Respondent Answering Behaviors in Telephone Interviews

AbstractIn a standardized telephone interview, respondents ideally are able to provide an answer that easily fits the response task. Deviations from this ideal question answering behavior are behavioral manifestations of breakdowns in the cognitive response process and partially reveal mechanisms underlying measurement error, but little is known about what question characteristics or types of respondents are associated with what types of deviations. Evaluations of question problems tend to look at one question characteristic at a time; yet questions are comprised of multiple characteristics, some of which are easier to experimentally manipulate (e.g., presence of a definition) than others (e.g., attitude versus behavior). All of these characteristics can affect how respondents answer questions. Using a landline telephone interview, we use cross-classified random effects logistic regression models to simultaneously evaluate the effects of multiple question and respondent characteristics on six different respondent behaviors. We find that most of the variability in these respondent answering behaviors is associated with the questions rather than the respondents themselves. Question characteristics that affect the comprehension and mapping stages of the cognitive response process are consistently associated with answering behaviors, whereas attitude questions do not consistently differ from behavioral questions. We also find that sensitive questions are more likely to yield adequate answers and fewer problems in reporting or clarification requests than nonsensitive questions. Additionally, older respondents are less likely to answer adequately. Our findings suggest that survey designers should focus on questionnaire features related to comprehension and mapping to minimize interactional and data quality problems in surveys and should train interviewers on how to resolve these reporting problems.

Integrated survey methods to estimate harvest by marine recreational fishers in New Zealand

Marine recreational fishing is a popular pastime in a growing number of countries. Obtaining reliable harvests estimates is important to produce more accurate stock assessments and more certain management decisions, however, accurate measurement of marine recreational harvest is challenging.Previous national fisher diary surveys undertaken in New Zealand during the 1990s gave inconstant estimates of marine recreational harvests. Landline telephone listings and interviews were used to estimate the proportion of New Zealand residents who had fished during the previous 12 months and to recruit diarists. Slight changes in survey method produced variable and at times implausible results.After three years of planning and pre-testing a large-scale project was undertaken to develop a robust off-site harvest survey method and corroborate the results using with two concurrent on-site survey methods. For the off-site survey, the method was based on a national population proportionate sample of dwellings to recruit a panel of 7000 fishers and 3000 non-fishers using a face-to-face household survey. Panellists were contacted regularly by SMS and telephone for a year with a 94% completion rate. Computer assisted telephone interviews collected details of all species of fish harvested by fishing method. The second was a regional aerial-access survey that collected peak period vessel counts from the air to scale up boat-based harvest from concurrent all-day creel surveys on 45 days. Harvest estimates were generated for the most commonly encountered species, snapper, kahawai, trevally, tarakihi and red gurnard. The third and smallest survey was a combined access point survey in a sub-region using fixed and bus route creel surveys covering all significant access points on different set of random stratified days to the areal access survey. The main objective was to estimate the boat-based harvest by specialist fishers targeting scallop and rock lobster. The three concurrent surveys were designed to generate harvest estimates by fishing platform (boat or land based) at overlapping spatial scales. Harvest, in numbers of fish, were estimated independently for recreational fishers using boats. However, the on-site surveys relied on the proportion of harvest from land-based platforms provided by the off-site survey to derive total regional harvest estimates for all methods. The off-site panel survey relied on average weight data for each fish stock provided by the on-site surveys to convert harvest numbers to weight for management purposes. Choosing a sample frame and survey method that is reliable and repeatable into the future is critical to providing comparable estimates and the ability to monitor trends over time.Harvest estimates for the most common species in Fisheries Management Area 1, snapper and kahawai, were very similar. The estimates for snapper ranged from 3754 t (cv 0.06) to 3981 t (cv 0.08) and for kahawai 983 t (cv 0.32) to 942 t (cv 0.08). There were greater differences in estimates between surveys for secondary species. Each survey had independent error structures and this multi-method approach has provided valuable insight into likely sources of bias. High quality recreational harvest estimates are important to support management changes in high profile fisheries.

Geographic Variations in Arthritis Prevalence, Health-Related Characteristics, and Management - United States, 2015.

Problem/ConditionDoctor-diagnosed arthritis is a common chronic condition affecting an estimated 23% (54 million) of adults in the United States, greatly influencing quality of life and costing approximately $300 billion annually. The geographic variations in arthritis prevalence, health-related characteristics, and management among states and territories are unknown. Therefore, public health professionals need to understand arthritis in their areas to target dissemination of evidence-based interventions that reduce arthritis morbidity.Reporting Period2015.Description of SystemThe Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System is an annual, random-digit–dialed landline and cellular telephone survey of noninstitutionalized adults aged ≥18 years residing in the United States. Self-reported data are collected from the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Guam, and Puerto Rico. Unadjusted and age-standardized prevalences of arthritis, arthritis health-related characteristics, and arthritis management were calculated. County-level estimates were calculated using a validated statistical modeling method.ResultsIn 2015, in the 50 states and the District of Columbia, median age-standardized prevalence of arthritis was 23.0% (range: 17.2%–33.6%). Modeled prevalence of arthritis varied considerably by county (range: 11.2%–42.7%). In 13 states that administered the arthritis management module, among adults with arthritis, the age-standardized median percentage of participation in a self-management education course was 14.5% (range: 9.1%–19.0%), being told by a health care provider to engage in physical activity or exercise was 58.5% (range: 52.3%–61.9%), and being told to lose weight to manage arthritis symptoms (if overweight or obese) was 44.5% (range: 35.1%–53.2%). Respondents with arthritis who lived in the quartile of states with the highest prevalences of arthritis had the highest percentages of negative health-related characteristics (i.e., arthritis-attributable activity limitations, arthritis-attributable severe joint pain, and arthritis-attributable social participation restriction; ≥14 physically unhealthy days during the past 30 days; ≥14 mentally unhealthy days during the past 30 days; obesity; and leisure-time physical inactivity) and the lowest percentage of leisure-time walking.InterpretationThe prevalence, health-related characteristics, and management of arthritis varied substantially across states. The modeled prevalence of arthritis varied considerably by county.Public Health ActionThe findings highlight notable geographic variability in prevalence, health-related characteristics, and management of arthritis. Targeted use of evidence-based interventions that focus on physical activity and self-management education can reduce pain and improve function and quality of life for adults with arthritis and thus might reduce these geographic disparities.

Intentions to use a novel Zika vaccine: the effects of misbeliefs about the MMR vaccine and perceptions about Zika.

BackgroundPeople’s intentions to use vaccines are influenced by their beliefs about both the specific vaccine and the disease it prevents. In the absence of firm beliefs about Zika virus (ZIKV), individuals may base their intentions to vaccinate against it on beliefs about other vaccines, and specifically the misbelief that MMR causes autism.MethodsA survey of 3337 Americans, using a random-digit-dialing sample of landline telephone households and cell-phones.ResultsIntentions to use a Zika vaccine were influenced by beliefs about Zika, science in general, and MMR. Intentions were positively influenced by perceived severity of and vulnerability to Zika, as well as belief in science’s efficacy. However, intentions were negatively influenced by the belief that MMR causes autism in children.ConclusionThe misbelief about MMR and autism may reduce people’s intentions to use a new Zika vaccine. However, perceptions of severity of and vulnerability to Zika may increase intentions. Implications for science educators and public health officials are discussed.