Land Transport Infrastructure Research Articles

Analysis of Factors Affecting the Effectiveness of Road Maintenance in Pidie Regency

Land transportation infrastructure as a medium of accessibility for various community needs that have an important role in economic growth, socio-cultural, political, and other factors of a region or area. In order for road infrastructure to function optimally in improving these factors, several important aspects need to be considered, including having user safety and comfort, environmentally friendly. Land transportation infrastructure is not only a means of mobility but also a tool to achieve better social and economic welfare for the entire community. Given the strategic role of land transportation infrastructure, namely roads, it is very necessary to have security and comfort values so that the efficiency and effectiveness of the infrastructure are indicators to be evaluated. The effectiveness and efficiency of roads are greatly influenced by many factors including road conditions and age, land use, social, economic and policy. community and related parties. The purpose of this study is to analyze the dominant factors that influence the effectiveness of road maintenance in Pidie district. This study uses a qualitative approach to analyze data obtained from respondents which are primary data and the use of SPSS as an analysis tool so that it becomes numerical. The results obtained for the instrument items used are reliable and trustworthy, this is based on the Cronbach's Alpha (CA) value obtained in the range of 0.50 to 0.70. Based on the results and discussions obtained, it can be concluded that all proposed instrument items provide a significant contribution to determining the effectiveness of road maintenance decisions in Pidie Regency with the highest influence instrument factors being economic instruments and road conditions. The coefficient value obtained for the two factors is 5.571 for the economic instrument and followed in second place, namely the road condition instrument item with a coefficient of 3.603.

Geographic information system for reporting damage and road grouping based on website using waterfall method and k-means method

Roads are a vital land transportation infrastructure and transportation route. One of the functions of roads is as a driving factor in the development process and equitable distribution of development in a region. Road damage that occurs disrupts the activities and routines of residents. Lhokseumawe City as the center of economic and social development in its region requires an efficient system for the management and maintenance of road infrastructure. The reason is that many road damages occur in Lhokseumawe City that have not been repaired due to limited damage information so reports are needed from residents to find out the location of the road damage so that it is easier for the Lhokseumawe City government to follow up on the report. With these problems, a geographic information system for reporting road damage is created. It is hoped that the government can follow up on the report and prioritize damage with the highest group, which groups road damage using the clustering method. This web-based information system is designed using the UML (Unified Modeling Language) model with the PHP programming language and uses MySQL as its database. With this system, the government can receive reports of existing damage and group the damage into three levels to determine the priority of road repairs to be carried out.

Identifikasi Urutan Prioritas Penanganan dalam Pemeriksaan Kondisi Jembatan dengan Metode Bridge Management System (BMS)

One piece of infrastructure that has an important role in a road network is a bridge. Bridges are land transportation infrastructure that is useful for continuing roads through existing obstacles such as rivers, so the collapse of a bridge will reduce or hold up traffic, which means disrupting the smooth transportation of people and goods. A bridge is a structure that crosses a river or other traffic barrier, so the collapse of the bridge will reduce or hold back traffic, which as a result will disrupt the comfort of traffic and disrupt economic relations. The purpose of a bridge inspection is to ensure that the bridge is in a safe condition for road users and also to secure the investment value of the bridge. In this thesis, we will discuss the identification of bridge condition checks which are carried out directly by conducting field surveys.

Assessing the Implications of the Red Sea Conflict on the Indian Supply Chain: A Comprehensive Analysis

The Red Sea, a vital trading route for India, is disrupted by the ongoing conflict between the Houthi rebels and Israel. This study aims to investigate how the dispute affects India’s supply chain in several different industries. The possible repercussions include restricted access to raw materials, delays and higher prices in maritime transportation, and concerns of energy scrutiny from disruptions in gas and oil. To lessen the impact on the economy we examine alternate trade routes and assess the potential effects on investors’ confidence. This study aims to examine and assess the diverse repercussions of the Red Sea War on the Indian supply chain offering insights on strategic planning, policy decisions and risk mitigation measures for the Indian government, businesses and stakeholders. The Red Sea crisis has had a multifaceted impact on different sectors of the Indian economy. In the healthcare sector, a huge number of medical supplies and prescription drugs which are transported via sea have seen a spike in the shipping cost due to rerouting which has disrupted the medical supply chain. On the other hand, there is no direct impact on the consumer sector; however, the increased freight prices and geopolitical concerns impact the wholesale price index which is expected to hike and influence the food grain prices and exports of basmati rice in particular owing to the well-established domestic supply chain. The FMCG industry is comparatively protected from the adverse effects of the crisis in contrast to industries such as agricultural and maritime foods. This crucial route, particularly affecting goods moving between Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East, historically used for nearly half of India's exports and a third of imports, is now deemed unsafe. Ships are being rerouted around Africa's Cape of Good Hope, leading to a 30% increase in transit times and a surge in shipping costs. Indian companies are feeling the heat – Arvind Ltd. faces lost revenue due to order backlogs, while exporters like Euro Fruits grapple with quadrupled freight costs and declining grape quality. The auto industry is also impacted, with companies like MG Motor India experiencing delays and rising logistics expenses. India’s energy, resources and industrial sectors have all been severely disrupted by the Red Sea crisis with critical exports including chemicals and petroleum products being heavily impacted. Since the Suez Canal handles a significant amount of India’s import of crude oil, rerouting owing to continual conflicts presents logistical difficulties and possible inflationary pressures. The government is actively engaging in efforts to mitigate these impacts by looking into alternative shipping lanes and providing assistance to affected exports. The possibility of delays and financial costs is still a major issue for businesses navigating obstacles relating to insurance premiums and logistical difficulties. To navigate these challenges, the Indian government is exploring a multi-pronged approach. Financial support in the form of direct subsidies, soft loans, and government-backed cargo insurance could help businesses offset increased costs and mitigate risks associated with delays and rerouting. Additionally, India is looking to diversify its trade routes by exploring alternative sources for crude oil and LNG imports, along with utilizing ports outside the conflict zone. Long-term solutions are also being considered, such as investing in the Northern Sea Route and expanding land transport infrastructure. Renewed focus on the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC) project could offer a comprehensive network connecting India, the Middle East, and Europe. By implementing these strategies, India can build a more resilient supply chain and minimize the long-term impact of the Red Sea conflict on its trade.

PERAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR JALAN DI KOTA BATAM

As a government that has a very strategic authority and position related to its obligations as a "public service" to improve the welfare, prosperity, security and peace of society, regional governments have a very important role in regional development planning. Regional governments in this case must carry out their main tasks which of course must be adjusted to the vision, mission, goals and objectives that will be achieved later. Development is a complex process that requires significant changes in social structures, cultural values, and institutional frameworks to promote faster economic growth, reduce income disparities, and eradicate poverty. Apart from roads, trucks, cable cars and trains, roads are all road elements protected by land transportation infrastructure, including supporting buildings and traffic instruments that are above ground and above water. This scientific work was written using descriptive techniques. This approach can be described as a critical thinking methodology that involves reading articles or other items. In accordance with Law Number 23 of 2014, autonomous regional governments led by regional heads are organized by regional governments. One of the cities or districts in the Riau Islands Province that is still developing is Batam City. Regional governments are still concerned and monitoring infrastructure development. During the Covid-19 epidemic, environmental and meteorological conditions, obstacles and the process of road infrastructure development also occurred. However, considering the existing challenges and setbacks, this can be used as a basis for review and improvement in preparing for the next phase of regional government growth. Therefore, these difficulties do not become a challenge for local governments during the development process; instead, it can be taken into account later. Keywords: Local Government; Development; Infrastructure

Relative improvements between roads and railways and economic performance: A panel data analysis

Prior studies indicate that expanding the length of roadways and railways has a beneficial effect on economic performance. Nevertheless, the requirement for land transport infrastructure, which offers different degrees of accessibility and mobility, to facilitate economic expansion differs based on a country's stage of development. The present study has two objectives. Firstly, it is essential to ascertain the required investment for different types of land transport infrastructure to facilitate different stages of economic performance. Secondly, the objective is to examine the impact of different forms of land transportation infrastructure on economic performance by means of urbanization and exports. To highlight these concerns, a fixed-effects panel linear regression analysis was conducted on a panel consisting of 50 countries spanning the years 1980–2018. In countries with lower levels of urbanization and exports, improvements to road infrastructure, especially roads with high accessibility, are of greater importance for economic performance compared to the improvement of railways. Nevertheless, as urbanization and exports rise, the comparative impact of improvements in road infrastructure on economic performance in relation to improvements in railway infrastructure diminishes. Railway improvements have a more significant effect on economic performance compared to road improvements, owing to increased urbanization and export rates. During these stages of development, high-mobility roads are more crucial for economic performance compared to high-accessibility roads. The conclusion of the research examined a variety of policy recommendations derived from our findings, which are applicable to different levels of urbanization and exports.

Analisis Kinerja Konsultan Pengawas Dalam Pelaksanaan Proyek Konstruksi

A civil construction project is said to be successful if it meets three parameters, namely cost, quality and time, where the project costs are in accordance with the budget, the quality of the project is achieved according to specifications or requirements and the maximum project duration is the same as the planned time. However, in its implementation, projects are often faced with certain conflicts, one of which has an impact on the completion time, so it is felt necessary to involve a supervisory consultant in it in the hope of being able to provide supervision and control over each work item's progress. In relation to roads as an example of a civil building in the form of land transportation infrastructure which includes all its parts, this is reflected in the Short Road Reconstruction Project - Tanah Garo in Muara Tabir District, Tebo Regency, Jambi Province which uses the 2022 National Economic Recovery Loan (PEN) funds amounting to Rp. . 49,638,999,000 for flexible pavement work along 13,503 m for 105 calendar days, research was carried out on several factors and variables regarding the significant role of supervisory consultants in keeping the project on track. The research method is qualitative analysis which is developmental in nature and uses the help of the Microsoft Excel 2019 application in processing data. From the results of the analysis, it was concluded that the performance of supervision and quality control of work carried out by CV. Atifa Cipta Plan as the supervisory consultant for the Short Road Reconstruction Project - Tanah Garo received the highest average score among the six other factors, namely 4.80, which means very good.

Analysis of Types of Flexible Pavement Damage Using the Pavement Condition Index Method

Roads are land transportation infrastructure that is very important in facilitating economic relations and other social activities. If road damage occurs, it will not only result in the obstruction of other economic and social activities but can also cause accidents for road users. The aim of this research is to explain the types of damage to the surface layer of flexible pavement and to find out the index value of the pavement condition index for Jalan Kreteg-Lebak Jaya based on the PCI (Pavement Condition Index) method so that the results can be used in preparing road maintenance programs. The results of this research in segment 1 showed 4 types of damage, namely edge cracks, patches, holes, weathering, and loose granules, with a PCI value of 22, very poor pavement conditions using this type of treatment. reconstruction/recycling. In segment 2, there were 4 types of damage, namely edge cracks, patches, holes, weathering, and loose granules with a PCI value of 26 in poor pavement conditions using the type of reconstruction or recycling treatment. In segment 3, there were 3 types of damage: holes, slip cracks, weathering, and loose granules with a PCI value of 46. Fair pavement conditions using reconstruction or recycling treatment in segment 4, there were 4 types of damage, namely crocodile skin cracks, edge cracks, holes, weathering, and loose granules, with a PCI value of 29 for poor pavement conditions using the type of reconstruction or recycling treatment.

Comparative Analysis of Different Accessibility to Transportation Stations Gap Indices

In this paper, an analytical methodology is presented for computing the accessibility of transportation stations gap (ATSG) using differences between the accessibility indices for the public and private stations within a certain travel time thresholds in the city of Mashhad, Iran. Analyzing the conceptual differences among current modal accessibility methods of transportation stations can help to evaluate ATSG more accurately and minimizes the number of gaps between the private and public transportation stations. To address this need, we conducted a comparative analysis of the different accessibility methods and developed a novel approach based on spatio-temporal analysis. Three accessibility models were analyzed—contour (cumulative) (CN), potential access (PA), and gravity metric (GM)—considering three spatial factors (land use, transportation infrastructure, and population densities). Temporal factors including three travel time thresholds (3, 15, and 60 min) and three peak time periods (morning, noon, and afternoon) were analyzed to calculate the ATSG values for the private and public modes. Resulted ATSG values indicated superior accessibility for private cars in all three time thresholds applying three methods. However, our subsequent in-depth analysis of results determined that the ATSG values fluctuated as the time thresholds changed in the CN and PA methods. In the GM method, these values systematically increased as the time thresholds increased. The consequences of the GM method were more in line with reality and showed higher accuracy compared with others.

ANALISIS KERUSAKAN PERKERASAN JALAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE BINA MARGA DAN PAVEMENT CONDITION INDEX (PCI)

Road is a land transportation infrastructure that is very important to support community mobilization in various activities. But as a result of the large volume of traffic and various factors that occur make the road longer will decrease in function and comfort when used in other words, the road is damaged. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of the pavement of National Road III, Cisaga District, Ciamis Sta. 0+000 – 2+000. The method used in this study is a quantitative method, which is the process of finding knowledge that uses data in the form of numbers as a tool to analyze what you want to know. The type of method used is the observation method by making direct observations to the field to obtain data to be analyzed using the Highways and Pavement Condition Index (PCI) method. The results of the study based on the analysis of the Highways method obtained a priority order value of 5 which means including the Periodic Maintenance program including moderate damage levels from 3 levels of Priority Order, namely with activities to prevent wider damage to each damage in order to return to the condition according to plan. Meanwhile, based on the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) method, an average pavement condition value of 65.75 is included in Good road conditions. Although in good condition, this road condition is included in the road condition identified as damaged because it is at level 5 of 7 pavement condition levels of the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) method, so in line with the testing of the Highways method the road condition is included in the periodic maintenance program.

Land Transportation Infrastructure and Economic Growth: An Assessment of the SADC Regional Infrastructure Development Master Plan

This Southern African Development Community (SADC), as a regional economic integration organization in Africa, has 16 member countries with rich natural resources and tourism resources, attracting the attention of global investors. Although the region's transport infrastructure is among the leading in Africa, it still lags far behind global standards. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the current state of transport infrastructure in SADC, with a particular focus on road transport facilities within the region. Based on SADC's official "SADC Regional Infrastructure Development Master Plan Transport Sector Plan, 2012", this paper evaluates the current situation of its road transport infrastructure and conducts an in-depth analysis of the future road development plan in the plan. This research aims to reveal the challenges faced by SADC at the infrastructure level, and provide a comprehensive and in-depth perspective for policy makers, investors and other relevant stakeholders. At the same time, this study can provide some new ideas for future research and provide new solutions to the problems of transportation infrastructure in the SADC region.

The balance method as an effective tool for strategic planning of river transport activities

The work is devoted to the study of the features of the application of the balance method as a tool for planning the activities of transport systems. The introduction substantiates the scientific novelty, the purpose and objectives of the study. The methods section shows the theoretical aspects of the application of the balance method, the results of the analysis of modern scientific research on its application in the planning of the activities of transport enterprises are given. As the results of the study, based on the analysis carried out, the authors determined the directions of using the balance method in planning the activities of inland waterway transport and gave a scheme for its inclusion in the process of planning the resources of the transport industry. In the discussion, it is proposed to continue the scientific study of the issues of balanced development of modes of transport, reduction of the disproportion of financing of land and water transport infrastructure and communication routes, construction of a new fleet, including unmanned transport, taking into account promising innovative technologies, taking into account the use of the balance method. In conclusion, recommendations are given on the practical application of the method considered in the course of the study in strategic planning based on a resource-efficient approach.

Pemanfaatan Agregat Sungai Latuppa Kecamatan Mungkajang Kota Palopo Dalam Campuran AC-WC

Roads as land transportation infrastructure provide benefits to the community so that they can be used and supported in daily activities such as in the fields of education, business, work and others. Research with the use of Latuppa River Stone, Mungkajang District, Palopo City on the AC-WC mixture with characteristic methods for fillers, fine and coarse aggregates, then the preparation of the composition on the AC-WC mixture using the Marshall test. Based on the tests it is known that the characteristics of the Latuppa River Aggregate can be said to meet the specifications that have been set for the coating material of the road pavement. Based on Marshall's experiments that have been carried out, specifications were obtained for AC-WC mixtures with asphalt content of 5.5% to 7.5%. For KAO results at 6.5% through the Marshall Immersion test on AC-WC, the Residual Marshall Stability of 95.85% was obtained.

Rejuvenation of existing structures in New Zealand’s land transport infrastructure

Civil engineers play a vital role in contributing to meeting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals by reducing greenhouse gas emissions, not only during construction of new infrastructure but also by extending the lifespan of existing assets. This paper focuses on how engineers in New Zealand have adopted clever yet elegant solutions to reuse, repurpose and revitalise existing land transport structures in the past two decades. Case studies of road and rail bridges from Waka Kotahi New Zealand Transport Agency and KiwiRail network highlight the various challenges, solutions and lessons learned.

ANALISIS STABILITAS TANAH SUBGRADE PADA PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN JALAN TOL JAKARTA-CIKAMPEK 2 SELATAN PAKET 3

Subgrade soil is the foundation for pavements, both pavements on traffic lanes and shoulders. Thus, the subgrade is the final construction that receives the vehicle load distributed by the pavement. In simple cases, subgrade consists of natural soil without treatment; whereas in other, more common cases, subgrade consists of the original soil in the excavation or the top of the embankment which is compacted. As a land transportation infrastructure, pavement must have a surface that is always flat and rough, so that road users can feel comfortable and safe. Because it is built on subgrade soil, the pavement performance will be greatly influenced by the quality of the subgrade soil. The purpose of this paper is to determine whether the road foundation is sufficiently used with the existing soil, to carry out subgrade improvement and the use of geotextile and geogrid for subgrade improvement The data and information used are primary data from the Jakarta Cikampek 2 Selatan Paket 3 obtained from the results of soil tests in the field. The determination of the geotextile to be used is based on the results of the CBR test and the calculation of the load to be received by the geotextile and will also determine the type of geotextile to be used. The results obtained for the value of T = 23,951 Kn/m, then Geotextile Type GM-150 was used. By using non-woven geotextile as a separator at sta. 35+800 to 36+000 to avoid excessive replacement of soil layer thickness that does not meet specifications (soil with large compression properties), so that in terms of cost and implementation time it is more economical.

ANALISIS KERUSAKAN JALAN RAYA WEWEWA UTARA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE PAVEMENT CONDITION INDEX (PCI)

The highway is a vital piece of land transportation infrastructure in supporting the economic life of a region, because the road has a supporting role in the continuity of the distribution of services and goods. In addition to traffic activity factors, there are also several factors that reduce the quality of the road surface. Based on these problems, it is necessary to maintain the structure of the North Wewewa highway, so that the distribution process of services and goods that pass through the North Wewewa highway is not disturbed, and the economic growth of the community becomes smoother. Therefore, to be able to carry out proper maintenance, it is necessary to analyze the damage to the road in order to know the degree of damage and repairs that need to be done. In this case, the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) method is used because the condition of the North Wewewa highway has different characteristics in determining the type, level, and level of damage, as well as handling road damage

Durability Performance Analysis of Mixture Asphalt Concrete - Base Course (AC-Base) Using Coal Fly Ash as A Filler Substitute

Highways are land transportation infrastructure whose needs in Indonesia continue to increase, along with the increasing number of vehicle. The top Laston or base coarse (AC-Base) is a pavement foundation consisting of a mixture of asphalt aggregates with a certain ratio mixed and compacted in a hotmix. This coarse is at under binder coarse (AC-BC), not directly related to the weather, but it needs to have stability to withstand the traffic load spread through the vehicle wheels. Base coarse (AC-Base) serves to provide support the surface coarse, reduce strain and stress, spread and continue the load of road construction to the layer below (subgrade). Filler as one of the materials forming the AC-Base layer usually obtained from stone ash whose availability is increasingly difficult to feel in the field implementation. Therefore, a substitute material or substitute material is needed for the filler. One possible substitute material is fly ash. This research will analyze the performance of AC-Base coarse that make use of filler substitution material using fly ash with variation FA-0%, FA-5%, FA-7.5%, FA-10%, FA-12.5% and FA-15%. The samples made by Marshall Method will give the Optimum Asphalt Content (OAC) value on each mix variation. While the performance of this AC-Base mixture in increasing density, durability, and stability in the pavement mixture using the Marshall Immersion method (MI). The analysis result shows that the OAC value at 0% fly ash variation is 6,82%, at 5% fly ash variation is 6,87%, at 7.5% fly ash variation is 6,85%, at 10% fly ash variation is 6,84%, at 12.5% fly ash variation is 6,82%, and at 15% fly ash variation is 6.79%. While the performance of AC-Base mixture indicated by the MI value meets the specifications, and the MI value obtained tends to increase along with the increase in the percentage of fly ash. The mixture with 15% fly ash shows the better durability performance (99,75%) compared to other variations 0%, 5%, 7,5%, 10% and 12,5% (96,44%, 97,51%, 97,71%, 98,36% and 99,54%).

ANALISIS PEMASANGAN BOX CULVERT (2 m x 1.5 m) SEBAGAI SALURAN PENYEIMBANG DI KM 54+490 SAMPAI DENGAN KM 55+070

Train is one of the land transportation infrastructure that have an important role in distributing things and passengers. However, currently there are still some obstacles in the operation of the railway, mainly caused by natural disasters. In general, the National DisasterManagement Agency (BNPB) noted that 95% of disasters that occurred in Indonesia were dominated by hydrometeorological disasters, one of which was flooding.In February 2021, there was a flood on the railway line, precisely between Lemahabang -Kedunggedeh Station, DAOP 1 Jakarta on the rail line KM54+490 to KM 55+070 which caused the body of the upstream and downstream rail lines collapse, resulting in the cessation of the train operations.Therefore, a total of 31 box culverts will be planned to drain the 5-year flood discharge and become a balancing channel for the railroad if the flood phenomenon occurs again

ANALISIS KERUSAKAN JALAN DENGAN METODE PCIDAN BINA MARGA JALAN NAGARI KOTO KACIAK KABUPATEN PASAMAN

Roads are land transportation infrastructure that has a very important role in the land transportation sector that supports the continuity of the distribution of goods and services to encourage economic growth in an area. Good road conditions will facilitate community activities, if there is road damage, community activities will be hindered so that accidents can occur. The purpose of this study was to determine the types of damage and the pavement index value for Nagari Koto Kaciak road, Pasaman Regency, so that it could compare the value of the condition of the Nagari Koto Kaciak road, Pasaman Regency based on two predetermined methods. The method used is the PCI (Pavement Condition Index) method and the Bina Marga method. Assessment of road conditions in the PCI method is ranked from 0-100 while the Bina Marga method is based on the order of road priority with a value range of 0-7. Types of damage found on Nagari Koto Kaciak road, Pasaman Regency along a length of 2 km, included holes, crocodile skin cracks, patches, block cracks and side cracks. In the PCI method the average value obtained is 66.31 which is a good road condition. In the Bina Marga method, the priority order value is 6, meaning that the road is under periodic maintenance. After comparing the results of the research on the condition of the Nagari Koto Kaciak road, Pasaman Regency with the two methods, it turns out that the results and values are almost the same, namely the condition of the road is still in good condition but requires maintenance so as not to worsen road conditions.

A Study on the Methodology for Estimating Floating Population in Microscopic Spatial Units

Estimating pedestrian volume has become an important topic in urban planning and transportation-planning research. However, current models find it difficult to predict long-term changes in pedestrians due to changes in land use and transport infrastructure. In this study, a methodology was devised to estimate the mesoscale pedestrian volume according to the results of a long-term-forecasting model integrating land use and transportation. The methodology was validated using pedestrian volume data collected from Gangnam, Seoul. The main contributions of this study are that the proposed methodology enables the long-term prediction of mesoscale pedestrian volume, which has previously been difficult to analyze, and that it considers not only pedestrians who are walking but also public transportation users moving between public transport nodes and buildings. Thus, it can accommodate long-term changes in not only land use but also in transportation infrastructure.