Land Acquisition Research Articles

Estimated Volumes of Water Pumped for Onion Production on the Tamaské and Tabalak Sites (Tahoua-Niger)

This study was carried out on the Tamaské and Tabalak sites from October 2023 to March 2024. The objective is to evaluate the quantities of water pumped for onion production. To do this, the methodology we adopted consisted of first identifying 5 irrigators per site who have not yet started the nursery. At each site, we set up with these operators five (5) nurseries of 6m2 (3mX2m) of onion of the purple Galmi variety due to one nursery per operator. For each site, with financial and material support (10 stopwatches) from a local NGO, we hired 5 out-of-school villagers (who know how to read and write well) and who were introduced to the flow measurements of a motor pump and filling the plugs with the volumes of water pumped. Each villager was responsible for measuring the flow rates and volumes of water pumped from a given nursery and from the onion beds of an irrigator until the end of the onion's vegetative cycle. The estimation of the volumes of water pumped (Vep) per hectare and per producer was made by using empirical formulas. During the nursery phase, to create a climate of trust with irrigators and better understand how the site works, we carried out a small survey on the method of land acquisition, the areas planted with onions, the type of energy used…etc. Through this investigation and depending on the number of irrigators included, 120 onion producers were surveyed, including 70 from the Tamaské market gardening site and 50 from Tabalak. At the end of the work, the results obtained after the analysis of the data show that the quantity of water increases according to the phenological stages of the crop and varies from one period to another. At these study sites, the water sources remain the boreholes with the motor pump as the means of pumping. To estimate the volumes of water pumped, at each irrigation and for each irrigator chosen, a plastic bucket was used at the delivery pipe of the motor pump. At the level of each irrigator, the initiated villager equ

THE ROLE OF JHARKHAND’S COAL IN POWERING INDIA’S ECONOMY: NAVIGATING IMPORT DEPENDENCIES

Coal continues to be a vital component of India's industrial and energy sectors, supporting important sectors like cement and steel and producing more than 70% of the country's electricity. With its plentiful coal deposits, Jharkhand has continuously increased the country's coal production, which increased from 131.76 million tonnes in 2019–20 to 191.16 million tonnes in 2023–24. However, because of quality differences and the need for high-grade coal from nations like South Africa, Russia, and Indonesia, India still depends largely on coal imports, which increased to 264.9 million tons in 2023–24. The contribution of Jharkhand to the coal economy is examined in this paper, with particular attention paid to production trends, the causes of coal imports, and the effects of these trends on India's energy security. In addition, it looks at problems including land acquisition and environmental concerns, as well as how renewable energy can eventually lessen the need on coal. This paper sheds light on the opportunities and difficulties faced by Jharkhand's coal sector, which plays a crucial role in India's energy landscape, by providing a five-year review of production and import trends. KEYWORDS: Jharkhand coal production, India’s coal imports, coal and economic growth, coal mining sustainability, energy transition in India.

Kewenangan Notaris/PPAT Melaksanakan Jasa Escrow Pembayaran Bea Perolehan Hak Atas Tanah dan Bangunan

Revenue from taxation, constituting the primary financial resource of a nation, mandates compliance from all taxpayers. Among the requisite fiscal impositions, the BPHTB Tax applies to transactions involving the acquisition of land and building rights. In this context, the Notary/PPAT, who serves as a public functionary in creating authentic transactional deeds, is frequently empowered by the involved parties to both hold tax payment funds in trust and to facilitate the payment of BPHTB Tax upon due. This function is recognized as Escrow Services. The focal legal question of this study concerns both the regulatory vacuum surrounding the authority granted to Notary/PPAT to administer BPHTB Tax payment via Escrow Services, and the nature of the accountability that must be assumed by Notary/PPAT when such services are exploited for personal gain. The approach employed in this scholarly endeavor constitutes a normative legal examination, concentrating primarily on the scrutiny of statutes. The principal subject of investigation is the norms and regulations stipulated within these legislative documents. The acquisition of legal information is executed through an analysis of documents or by conducting literature reviews. Subsequently, the amassed legal data undergoes analysis via a qualitative methodology. This study underscores the critical need for precise stipulations and restrictions concerning the Authority vested in Notary/PPAT. This regulation is perceived as possessing significant urgency in bestowing legal certainty upon all involved entities. It is articulated within Article 15 of the UUJNP that the Notary/PPAT lacks the authority to execute Escrow Services. Moreover, in an expression of accountability, Notary/PPAT who exploit the authority associated with Escrow Services dispensed by the parties will face criminal and administrative penalties.

A study on delay of Local Government Development Projects Completion and Its Impact in Bangladesh

Successful project outcomes rely on various well-coordinated actions from start to finish. This study aims to identify the issues affecting local government projects in Bangladesh and their significant impacts. Delays in projects are often caused by the conventional administrative system and poor coordination among stakeholders. Ministries and departments Develop Project Proposals (DPPs) without thorough feasibility studies or appropriate measures, leading to delays in approval and project execution. Although the Local Government Division undertakes numerous projects with substantial funding, several issues prevent timely completion, including insufficient funds, untrained personnel, inadequate planning, flawed feasibility studies, lack of modern technology, frequent natural disasters, and fluctuating project material costs. Additionally, the protracted administrative process and top-down planning approach do not align with optimal outcomes. This outdated planning system complicates project implementation, whereas a bottom-up approach could be more effective. It is noted that although Local Government Division undertake many projects, gaps in execution often lead to deteriorated project quality, time and cost overruns, and eventual project failure. In addition to assessing corrective measures like structured planning, thorough feasibility studies, compliance enforcement, project prioritization, efficient monitoring, and land acquisition challenges, this study will look into delays that result in misappropriation of public funds and setbacks in ADP progress. This research seeks to address these issues by analyzing all available information, including primary and secondary data, respondents' opinions, and other evidence through a qualitative approach.

An Investigation of Site Selection Decisions of Residential Development Projects in Hangzhou Based on Potential Market Segmentation

Since 2016, strict regulatory policies have limited the size and financing channels of China’s urban real estate market. To adapt to the new situation, real estate developers need to adjust their development strategies and adopt more precise investment methods. In this respect, cost reduction, an accurate market positioning, and conducting detailed market research are particularly crucial. Given that the uneven development of the urban housing market has exacerbated urban segregation, urban residential space was subdivided into multiple potential submarkets. This study focuses on the land acquisition and the development of commercial residential projects in Hangzhou, China, from 2003 to 2022. Using the latent class analysis method based on the discrete choice model, the potential submarkets of Hangzhou’s housing development market are identified, and the project positioning and land selection preferences of developers are assessed. The results show that Hangzhou’s residential projects can be divided into five potential market categories: high-rise basic demand dwellings, high-end-improvement-type dwellings, luxury low-density dwellings, primary-improvement-type dwellings, and large-scale mixed-density dwellings. The importance of different land elements for developers when developing various types of projects is evaluated by calculating the willingness-to-pay coefficient. The findings of this study provide a comprehensive perspective for the government, real estate developers, and property owners to better understand the development dynamics on the supply side of the real estate market.

PELAKSANAAN GANTI RUGI SENGKETA TANAH DALAM PROYEK INFRASTRUKTUR PEMBANGUNAN JALUR KERETA CEPAT JAKARTA-BANDUNG

The purpose of this research is to provide an explanation of the implementation of compensation in infrastructure projects. The research methods used are normative and empirical juridical legal research methods. Land is a basic human need that is very important in human life. Indonesia's population growth is increasing rapidly, so there is little land available to meet the needs of the community. However, the government must carry out development to provide adequate infrastructure for the community to better support their lives. In carrying out development, especially for the public interest, it is often necessary to use land from the community. The community land can be used for development purposes through the process of land acquisition for public interest. During the land acquisition process, the most important thing is the agreement between the agency that needs the land and the landowning community to determine the form and amount of compensation. Compensation is a proper and fair replacement to the rightful party in the land acquisition process. Land acquisition is very important for infrastructure development, one of which is the construction of a railway line. The government has the legitimacy to take over land owned by individuals or legal entities for the construction of the Jakarta-Bandung High Speed Railway. The construction of the Jakarta-Bandung High Speed Railway is a public project that requires a land acquisition process. The land acquisition process can run smoothly with appropriate compensation.

Land Acquisition Mechanism for Public Interest on Traditional Land: A Study of Rempang Eco City

<p>Indonesia, as an agrarian nation, faces the complexities of land management, particularly concerning customary land. The Basic Agrarian Law (UUPA) of 1960 and Law No. 2 of 2012 regulate land acquisition for public purposes. However, their implementation often triggers conflicts among the government, private entities, and indigenous communities. The case of the Rempang Eco City serves as a vivid illustration of such conflicts, highlighting the need to balance development interests with the protection of indigenous community rights. This study employs a normative juridical method with legal and conceptual approaches. Primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials are analyzed through literature review and documentation. An inductive approach and legal interpretation are applied to understand customary land acquisition in the context of public interest. Customary land rights (hak ulayat) are recognized under the 1945 Constitution and the Basic Agrarian Law (UUPA) of 1960, provided they do not conflict with national interests. The Rempang Eco City case reveals tensions between the recognition of indigenous rights and the demands of national development. An ideal solution must prioritize deliberation, the acknowledgment of indigenous rights, and fair compensation for indigenous communities, adhering to the principles of social justice and sustainable development.The Rempang Eco City project underscores the importance of recognizing indigenous rights in land acquisition processes. Indigenous community participation, transparent consultations, and fair compensation are crucial steps to prevent conflicts. Therefore, a justice-based approach that emphasizes social welfare and human rights protection must take precedence in the process of acquiring customary land for public purposes.</p>

Arrangements of arbitrary constructions and interaction of urban and urban planning law provisions

The study explores the challenges bobbing up from the proliferation of arbitrary structures in city settings, tracing their historical roots to pre- and submit-struggle durations. Fueled by socio-financial factors and a lack of strong housing policies, arbitrary creation has become deeply ingrained, posing significant social and environmental worries. Departing from traditional views, the paper severely examines the intersection of arbitrary creation provisions with co-possession issues, emphasizing the want for comprehensive regulation. The look investigates the long-term evolution of laws governing co-owned freeholds, delving into the complex interaction among civil law, ceiling ownership, and freehold guidelines. This essay examines arbitrary buildings via analyzing the felony framework and jurisprudence, addressing challenges in co-possession and holiday domestic land acquisition. The legislative evolution, from the twenties to trendy regulations, goals to stability historical maintenance with city development. Recent legislative adjustments have simplified processes and resolved controversies in co-ownership and arbitrary production issues.

The Land Acquisition Compensation Process for Public Interest based on Law No. 2 of 2012

Law No. 2 of 2012 concerning Land Acquisition for Public Interest is carried out with the aim of providing land for development for the public interest by terminating the legal relationship between land rights holders and their land rights by providing appropriate compensation. And its implementing regulations are regulated in Presidential Regulation Number 71 of 2012. In the implementation of the Land Acquisition process, there are often obstacles in the process or become legal and social conflicts between land owners and institutions that need land. On this basis, the study aims to determine the process of providing land compensation that meets the principles of the Land Acquisition Law and this study is expected to be able to be used as a reference if similar problems occur. The method used in this study is Normative Jurisprudence, with a Statute Approach that is relevant to the Land Acquisition Law.The results of the study indicate that land acquisition for public interest as regulated in the Land Acquisition Law aims to create justice between the rights of land owners and the needs of national development. This process involves providing fair compensation, including physical and non-physical compensation, while taking into account the socio-economic balance of land owners. However, in its implementation, conflicts often arise related to the legitimacy of ownership and community resistance. This study emphasizes the importance of deliberation and dignified compensation mechanisms to maintain socio-economic stability. The conclusion of the research isCompensation is carried out transparently and through deliberation, taking into account the balance between landowner rights and development needs. The form of compensation includes physical and non-physical, aiming to maintain the socio-economic stability of landowners while supporting national development and protecting the rights of all parties in need.

Incompatibility of The PPAT Deed Numbering Period with The BPHTB Validation Period at BAPENDA Jakarta

Ownership of Rights to a person is proven by ownership of a Land Certificate that can be transferred to another person, one way is by Sale and Purchase between the Land Owner as the seller and the Buyer. In a transfer of such rights there are taxes that must be paid, one of which is the Land and Building Acquisition Tax or abbreviated as BPHTB and after payment, BPHTB Validation will be carried out with a Maximum Period of 30 Working Days based on the Governor's Regulation and requires a PPAT Deed Number for input. Meanwhile, based on Government Regulations, the PPAT Deed Number has a period of 7 working days from the time it is signed and must be registered with the National Land Agency. Therefore, this creates many multi-interpretations because there is no harmony between one regulation and another. The problem taken in this study is how the inconsistency of the PPAT Deed Number Period with BPHTB Validation. The method used is Normative Jurisprudence with Analytical Descriptive Specifications. The research results show that there is a mismatch between the PPAT Deed Number Period and the BPHTB Validation Period, this condition must be addressed by adjusting the Regulation of the Governor of the Special Capital Region of Jakarta Number 34 of 2022 with Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997 which based on the Hierarchy of Legislation is a higher regulation than the Governor's Regulation.

Large-scale land acquisition and state (re) making in Ethiopia since the mid-2000s

ABSTRACT This article explores how Ethiopia's historical state-building process unfolded in the context of large-scale land acquisitions (LSLAs) and the federal power structure in the post-2008 period. It aims to examine how federal government elites exerted control in Ethiopia's peripheral regions through mechanisms such as Development Agents, military apparatus, self-criticism sessions, and developmental state narratives, all within the broader neoliberal framework of agricultural land investment. Drawing on a blend of primary and secondary data, the study highlights how de facto centralized land governance emerged and how federal elites established institutional structures that curtailed the authority of regional elites. Consequently, while recent LSLAs in Ethiopia have served as tools for wealth accumulation and the promotion of ‘democratic centralism,’ the current regime has restructured local actors’ power and intensified oversight of investment activities.

Understanding Indigenous Land Rights and Dispossession

The paper titled "Understanding Indigenous Land Rights and Dispossession: The Legacy of the Doctrine of Discovery" explores the historical and contemporary impacts of the Doctrine of Discovery on Indigenous land rights. Rooted in medieval European thought and later adopted by the United States, the Doctrine of Discovery provided legal justification for the acquisition of Indigenous lands and the displacement of Indigenous peoples. The paper discusses the legal frameworks, such as Johnson v. McIntosh, that institutionalized the doctrine, diminishing Indigenous sovereignty and property rights. It highlights the ongoing ramifications of the doctrine, with Indigenous communities facing continued legal and social challenges. The analysis of scholarly interpretations reveals a consistent theme of Indigenous dispossession and marginalization due to the doctrine, despite some historians arguing its effects are overstated. The essay traces the evolution of these scholarly views and examines the enduring influence of the Doctrine of Discovery on Indigenous land rights and sovereignty.

Coupling Benefit of Land Use, Land Cover Change and Soil Erosion Under Algorithmic Optimization Model

Technology realizes the quantitative and positioning acquisition of soil erosion and land use information, grasps the relationship between the two from space, and provides theoretical reference and scientific basis for local ecological environment construction and soil and water conservation work. This paper uses remote sensing images in my country in 2020 and 2021 as the data source and obtains land use data in four periods respectively. The experimental results show that the land use structure in my country has undergone great changes in 2020, and the land use type has gradually changed from a structure dominated by cultivated land, grassland, and unused land to grassland, forest land, and cultivated land. The other four types of land use area have increased to varying degrees, the unused land has decreased significantly, and the grassland and forest land have increased significantly; there are differences in the changes in the degree of land use in each study period, and the overall level of land use has developed phase by phase toward higher levels. In addition, this paper also studies the clustering algorithm in machine learning and proposes an improved interpolation algorithm for the completion of the original rainfall data. This algorithm can also be applied to the calculation process of rainfall erosion factors, which realizes the automatic calculation system of soil erosion model factors, realizes the real-time calculation and monitoring of soil erosion in the form of calculation tasks, and solves the problem that manual calculation consumes manpower and material resources.

Livelihood adaptation strategies of farming households to land acquisition: A case study in Vietnam

The livelihoods of households affected by land acquisition in rural Vietnam are crucial for sustainable development and community resilience. This study employs the sustainable livelihoods approach, which recognises the interconnectedness between various factors shaping livelihood outcomes, to investigate factors behind livelihood changes among 474 farm households affected by land acquisition in rural Vietnam. By applying Multinomial Logit (MNL) regression, this paper delves into how personal and household characteristics influence the transition from farming to non-farming activities in agrarian settings. Our findings reveal the diverse and multifaceted impacts of various factors such as gender, age, educational level, household size, household labour force, and the extent of land loss on livelihood strategy choices. This study offers nuanced insights that can guide policymakers and practitioners to design effective interventions that promote sustainable livelihoods and enhance community resilience amidst the challenges posed by land acquisition and rural transformation.

Signifying the Crucial Role of Performance Measurement in Istibdal Waqf Projects in Malaysia

Istibdal waqf is one of the methods conducted to optimise waqf property to become more productive. In Malaysia, scholars have agreed that istibdal can be applied to all categories of waqf property. It is also used to solve the problems related to waqf land, which includes urban development, roads, land acquisition, and unproductive waqf land. Istibdal waqf can also be implemented if a waqif has expressed the intention to implement istibdal if the waqf properties can no longer benefit the beneficiaries. Therefore, this study aims to explain the indicators proposed for measuring the performance of the istibdal waqf project in waqf institutions in Malaysia. This study used qualitative research based on the library method. Facts and arguments are drawn from library materials such as high-impact journals and articles, newspapers, and conference papers. The result of the study discovered some indicators for the performance measurement in istibdal waqf. The indicators are divided into four categories: input, output, outcome, and network. To maximise the potential of waqf in a country, the performance measurement of waqf institutions must be measured to ensure that the waqf projects can benefit the community.

Enhancing Deliberation in Land Acquisition for Public Interest: Realizing a Responsive Agrarian Legal Policy Grounded in Justice

This research examines the implementation of deliberation in determining the form and amount of compensation in land acquisition for public purposes and the Legal Politics of Deliberation in ideal land acquisition for public development. This paper aims to understand the implementation of deliberation in determining the form and amount of compensation in land acquisition for public purposes and the efforts to optimize the Legal Politics of Deliberation in ideal land acquisition for public purposes. This research is based on the constructivist paradigm with a socio-legal approach method. The authors find that the implementation of deliberation in determining the form and amount of compensation in land acquisition is merely procedural and requires optimization of the legal politics of deliberation regarding ideal land acquisition for public purposes, conducted with caution based on Pancasila values.

The Role of Stakeholders in Land Acquisition for the Construction of the Gatot Subroto Underpass in Medan

This research analyzes the role of stakeholders in the land acquisition process for the construction of an underpass on Jalan Gatot Subroto Medan. The construction of this underpass infrastructure aims to reduce congestion and improve accessibility and aesthetics of the city of Medan, especially at the Manhattan Mall intersection in Medan. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method by collecting data through interviews, observation and documentation from various related parties, including the government, land owners, contractors, supervisory consultants and local communities. The research results concluded that there were 18 stakeholders divided into 4 (four) quadrants, namely: subject; key players; other supporters and followers. The resulting conclusion is in the form of a division of roles based on the interest and strength quadrants from Reed's (2009) theory. The success of land acquisition for the construction of the Gatot Subroto Medan underpass is determined by the ability of stakeholders to work together

Impact of Low Public Awareness on BPHTB Payments on the Validity of Land Ownership Certificates in the PTSL Program

This study analyzes the low public awareness in paying the Land and Building Acquisition Duty (BPHTB) and its implications on land ownership and regional revenue. Various factors such as the lack of education and socialization, misunderstanding of the payment procedures, and cultural and social barriers are identified as the main causes of low public compliance. The impacts of this low awareness include risks to the validity of land certificates, property market value, and legal stability affecting investments. Additionally, this research explores how low BPHTB payments contribute to a decline in local revenue (PAD) and create challenges for regional development. To address these issues, this study recommends more effective outreach programs, simplification of the payment process, and improved collaboration between the government and the community to increase awareness and compliance with tax obligations

JOINT OWNERSHIP OF LAND: ISSUES AND SOLUTIONS ACCORDING TO THE NATIONAL LAND CODE 1965 AND ISLAMIC LAW

Joint ownership of land refers to the ownership of land by two or more individuals or entities in undivided shares, known as co-ownership under the National Land Code 1965. This form of ownership can potentially hinder efforts to develop or utilize the land. Therefore, this study aimed to identify related issues and propose appropriate solutions based on the National Land Code 1965 and Islamic law. This qualitative study employed a content analysis design and data as well as information were collected through document analysis, which were then analysed descriptively. Findings indicate various issues in relation to joint ownership of land, including the negative attitude of owners, sale of individual land share or portion by co-owners, partial land acquisition, quit rent (land tax) payments, inheritance distribution, and limited freedom to develop the land. Therefore, this study proposed several solutions including selling or leasing the land, partitioning the land, utilizing the takharuj (partner buyout) or muafakat (mutual agreement) methods, and incorporating the al-Syufah concept into the National Land Code 1965.

Land Banking Policy (Critical Evaluation of the Economic and Social Rights of Traditional Legal Communities)

The problem of land acquisition for customary communities is no longer a contemporary problem, but since massive development there has been a shift in the rights of indigenous communities in managing land. In principle, this has an impact on the property rights and economy of indigenous communities in using land as the most important natural resource in their communities. Therefore, land bank policies and schemes are the most comprehensive policies to protect the land rights of indigenous peoples. The objectives of this research are the concept of protecting land rights as economic property rights of indigenous peoples and policy determination. Land Banking Policy Implications and institutional schemes for implementing Land Banking for indigenous communities in Indonesia. This research is categorized as normative legal research with a philosophical and analytical approach, and analyzed using descriptive analytical methods. The research results show that land rights for indigenous peoples have not been explicitly recognized internationally and nationally, however, the contemporary development of economic ownership rights for customary land is starting to be recognized in several jurisprudence and interpretations. The implications of the land bank policy are carried out and begin with the classification of land objects and strengthening the policies and schemes of land bank institutions.