Land Acquisition Problems Research Articles

Cost Overrun Factor of Toll Road Project Construction

Results in more than 45 studies of infrastructure projects in 20 countries that ran overestimate. For rail projects, they predict average cost increases of 45%, for fixed-line projects (tunnels and bridges), of 34%, and for highway projects, of 30%. Indonesia is one of the 20 nations on 5 continents where cost overruns are a common occurrence. Cost overruns are one of the problems faced by most construction projects in Indonesia. Unexpected budget cost overruns can create many problems in the project. Therefore, every stakeholder in the project needs to have a good understanding of factors that cause cost overruns to avoid or minimize it risks in the project. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that cause cost overrun on a project and analyze the factors that are most influential on the occurrence of cost overrun on construction projects. This study used a systematic literature review to collect data from previous studies. This study resulted in 6 management elements, consisting of 85 variables identified in this study. 6 management elements factors, including material factors, labor factors, equipment factors, subcontractor factors, financial factors, and external factors. This is a fairly broad category that includes projects. The most cause factor of cost overrun land acquisition problems

Pembuatan Komik Digital Sebagai Sarana Promosi Wisata Sejarah Candi Palgading di Desa Wisata Palgading, Kecamatan Ngaglik, Kabupaten Sleman

Digital Comic Creation As A Means Of Promoting Historical Tourism of Palgading Temple in Palgading Tourism Village, Ngaglik District, Sleman Regency Palgading Tourism Village which is located on Jalan Kaliurang KM 9, Palgading Hamlet, Sinduharjo Village, Ngaglik District, Sleman Regency, has several business units in the tourism sector are camping ground, riverside and Palgading Temple, but currently it is in a vacuum or economically unproductive due to land acquisition problem. Therefore, the purpose of this community service is to raise historical tourism in the Palgading Tourism Village namely the Palgading Temple site which is a relic of the VII-X century AD where Hindu-Buddhist religion was growing rapidly at that time through making digital comics about the history of Palgading Temple. The method for implementing community service activities consists of several stages of making digital comics, including research, writing comic scripts, sketching, inking, coloring and finishing. The result is that a digital comic has been made which consist of 10 panels. The existence of a digital comic tells the story of the Palgading Temple has an impact on the history of tourism for Palgading Tourism Village.

Cost Effective Guided Routing (CEGR) Technique – A bi-directional searching method towards the solution of land acquisition problem

In this paper a two-way searching methodology has been proposed, where simultaneously two searching is being carried out, one from Start node to Destination node and other in reverse direction. The proposed methodology is optimal, complete and runs with a complexity of O(nm/2) . The proposed algorithm has successfully been implemented for solution of land acquisition problem, a burning issue of the country now-a-days, where while selection of path in addition to distance, many other influencing parameters been judged. This methodology takes as input a digitized land bank. To evaluate the efficiency, the methodology been compared with many popular graph traversal algorithms. Key Words: Two-way searching, influencing parameters, land acquisition problem, digitized map, optimal, complete

Keterlambatan Proyek yang Disebabkan oleh Owner: Evaluasi Faktor-Faktor Penyebab dan Klaim Kontraktor

Delays in construction projects are generally understood to be the sole responsibility of the contractor. In fact, these delays can also be caused by factors that actually are the responsibility of the owner, resulting in project completion exceeding the contract target date. As a result, the contractors can be affected and suffer losses due to delays that are not actually their responsibility. This study intends to evaluate project delays caused by the owner and the delay claims submitted by the contractor. This research is exploratory and uses a mixed method of quantitative and qualitative approach. Data was collected through interviews and questionnaires with 80 respondents of the construction industry. The study found five main factors causing delays caused by the owner, including: land acquisition problems, changes in design and work instructions, payment problems, and unclear drawings in the contract documents. Of these delays, the majority (93%) were claimed by contractors, with an average claim success rate of 53%, and the compensation generally in the form of extension of project completion time (63%). The most frequently chosen claim dispute settlement method (93%) is non-litigation settlement through negotiation. This research has provided a comprehensive overview of delays due to owners and the contractor claims, and gives valuable lessons for the construction industry stakeholders to cope with delays in the future.

Spatial optimization of multiple area land acquisition

Land acquisition was first posed as an integer programming problem by Wright et al. (1983). They defined this problem as the selection of spatial planning units that altogether formed a contiguous area of land of desired size while optimizing one or more objectives. One of the key difficulties in solving the land acquisition as an integer program is ensuring spatial contiguity among the land units that are selected. Also recognized is that some application contexts are also concerned with compactness. Over time, a number of model formulations and solution heuristics have been proposed for the case of delineating one contiguous area, as well as extension to identify multiple independent areas. Unfortunately, existing model formulations are either too computationally complex to solve reasonably sized problems or they rely on one or more simplifying assumptions that limit their utility. We introduce a new model formulation for the multiple land acquisition problem that can be solved by exact methods using commercial mixed-integer programming software, and does so without simplifying assumptions. The key element of this new model formulation is that the contiguity constraints are self-contained and complete and can accommodate any interpretation of land unit neighbor (or adjacency) relationships. Overall, this new model can be applied to problems involving tens of thousands of spatial planning units. Application experience for this general model is detailed, addressing delineated area selection for concentrated fuels removal/reduction efforts in order to reduce wildfire risk for the U.S. Forest Service.

The Legal Due Diligence of Land Acquisition for the Public Interest: A Critical Review

This study aims to examine and analyze the legal due diligence approach to land acquisition for the public interest. In addition, to analyze aspects of legal due diligence as a preventive effort to minimize land acquisition problems. This research was conducted using a normative juridical approach with analytical descriptive specifications. The literature study was used to obtain the legal materials needed in this research. The collected legal materials are then analyzed using a qualitative descriptive analysis method. The results show that legal due diligence of land acquisition for the public interest has several objectives: obtaining legal status or legal clarity regarding land documents; checking the validity of the right of ownership to land; checking the legal compliance of land rights owners; providing an opinion for legal certainty of a policy taken by the Government. Furthermore, legal due diligence as a preventive effort to minimize land acquisition problems include: information and data must be valid, comprehensive, and objective; the transaction must be carried out in good faith; investigation and evaluate facts on relevant land objects based on research analysis. Therefore, it is recommended that the Government implement legal due diligence of land acquisition for the public interest as a preventive effort to suppress and minimize the risk of potential legal remedies such as lawsuits that will arise in the future.

Nagari Government Cooperation with Nomads Monitors in the Development of Nagari Sulit Air District of Solok

Nomads in West Sumatra have a very big share in the development of the village, one of which is Sulit Air, which has quite a several Nomads and has a nomadic organization called Sulit Air Sepakat (SAS) so that it becomes one of the overseas assisted villages that must collaborate with nomads in the social, cultural and economic fields. It turns out that the implementation of cooperation has not yet been realized. There are problems such as coordination between parties collaborating with local governments and commitments from collaborating parties the purpose of this research is to describe the implementation of cooperation between the Nagari government and migrants in the development of Nagari Sulit Air in Solok Regency. This research uses the descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques using interviews and documentation. The result shows that the implementation of the cooperation has not been implemented as a whole. In the initiation process, the collaboration has been carried out well, starting from the beginning of the collaboration to the actors involved and the relationships between actors. Areas of cooperation are also carried out well with the submission of work plans but the areas that are cooperated have not been developed. There is nobody for organizing cooperation that is authorized to carry out this cooperation. The responsibility of the cooperation parties is still high but the commitment between the parties is reduced, one of which is due to the difficulty in resolving land acquisition problems.

Development of Eco-Friendly Concrete Mix Using Recycled Aggregates: Structural Performance and Pore Feature Study Using Image Analysis.

The shortage of natural aggregates has compelled the developers to devote their efforts to finding alternative aggregates. On the other hand, demolition waste from old constructions creates huge land acquisition problems and environmental pollution. Both these problems can be solved by recycling waste materials. The current study aims to use recycled brick aggregates (RBA) to develop eco-friendly pervious concrete (PC) and investigate the new concrete’s structural performance and pore structure distributions. Through laboratory testing and image processing techniques, the effects of replacement ratio (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%) and particle size (4.75 mm, 9.5 mm, and 12.5 mm) on both structural performance and pore feature were analyzed. The obtained results showed that the smallest aggregate size (size = 4.75 mm) provides the best strength compared to the large sizes. The image analysis method has shown the average pore sizes of PC mixes made with smaller aggregates (size = 4.75 mm) as 1.8–2 mm, whereas the mixes prepared with an aggregate size of 9.5 mm and 12.5 mm can provide pore sizes of 2.9–3.1 mm and 3.7–4.2 mm, respectively. In summary, the results confirmed that 40–60% of the natural aggregates could be replaced with RBA without influencing both strength and pore features.

Risk assessment of cost overrun using fuzzy logic model

Many construction projects are undergoing losses due to various reasons. Hence study of cost overrun place a crucial role to minimise these losses in future projects. This paper aims to analyse 40 most important cost overrun factors of Indian construction industry which are identified through literature review. A fuzzy logic model is developed in MATLAB according to the Indian construction scenario considering two input parameters severity index (SI), Probability Index (PI) and one output parameter Fuzzy Index of Cost overrun (FIC) as it is capable of handling complex situations. A questionnaire survey is conducted to collect the data of 40 cost overrun factors which is further incorporated to developed fuzzy logic model to obtain their respective risk magnitudes. In this paper, a case study is carried out on Hyderabad Metro Rail project. The top five factors causing cost overrun in the Hyderabad Metro Rail project are identified as Land acquisition problem, Social and Cultural, Financial difficulty faced by contractor, Fluctuations in material's from the present research work.

Parametric study on Sheet Pile Walls in Layered Soils

Sheet pile wall is a retaining structure. It is used to retain the deep vertical cuts made in the earth, waterfront structures, cofferdams, and bridge abutments. The geotechnical engineering advantage of sheet pile wall is that it does not consume large base width like a retaining wall. When land acquisition problem arises, sheet pile walls are preferred. Sheet pile walls are subjected to rotational failure and flexural failure in layered soil. The rotational failure can be avoided by providing adequate depth of penetration. The in-front foundation soil generates passive force against the active or driving force from backfill soil. The flexural failure is avoided by providing one or more anchors at a particular location on the sheet pile, which in return reduces the maximum bending moments, the maximum shear force developed on the sheet pile and the depth of penetration. This makes the design of anchored sheet pile walls more effective in layered soil. This paper considers soft clay and loose sand as backfill, and stiff clay and dense sand as foundation soil. The outcomes of this research are cantilever sheet pile requires more depth of penetration to avoid rotational failure. For a height of ditch 6m, single anchor is sufficient but for a height of ditch 10m, double anchor required to reduce the depth of penetration, maximum bending moment, shear force, and horizontal deflection.

Toward a Political Sociology of Dispossession: Explaining Opposition to Capital Projects in India

Land dispossession is a major source of protest in many countries. This article asks, How common are cases of mobilization against land dispossession relative to cases of nonmobilization? Why do we see protests against land dispossession for some projects and not others? These questions are taken up in the context of India, a major global hotspot for land dispossession protest. Using a database of all major capital projects in the country, the article looks at the effects of project characteristics and context on incidence of delays or cancellations due to land acquisition problems. The findings demonstrate that a project’s sector and subnational location affect the emergence of opposition to land dispossession. Further, differences in political competitiveness and agrarian social structure are significant factors driving subnational variation. By identifying important factors shaping opposition to land dispossession, the article aims to stimulate comparative research that can advance a political sociology of dispossession.

An Evaluation of Challenges of Rural Road Construction Management in Budhinanda Municipality, Nepal

The overall objective of the study was to evaluate the management related challenges on upgrading and maintenance of the rural road and to find causes of road construction on an impromptu basis in Budhinandha Municipality.A questionnaire was developed after a literature survey in five-point Likert Scale and surveyed purposively and ranked by Relative Importance Indices (RII). This study revealed that five top-ranked management challenges were found to be dispute on alignment selection, improper water management, release of the budget at end of the fiscal year, land acquisition problem during track opening and widening, lack of clear technical specification and weak geology. And five top-ranked causes of road construction on an ad-hoc basis were budget allocation at end of the fiscal year, political and committee interference during the selection of road alignment, lack of preparation of Transportation Master Plan (TMP), lack of sufficient Technical staff and lack of proper project monitoring by a responsible team of Municipality.The high amount of repair and maintenance cost and environmental protection due to haphazard use of dozer on road construction could significantly be reduced, if government authority enforces to follow design standards, understanding the community value, and implementation of bioengineering approach during road construction.

Manajemen Kolaboratif Dalam Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah Di Kabupaten Banjarnegara

Disaster measurement in Indonesia include in Banjarnegara District by collaborative management, which expected could solvable. The implementation of collaborative management of manajement disater in Banjarnegara District had human resources, budget, and equipment limitation. This situation been interesting researchers to exam the collaborative management of disaster management in Banjarnegara District.
 This research aims to analyze how collaborative management in disaster management at Banjarnegara District at response, recovery and developing phase, and to analyze the supporting and inhibiting factors to collaborative management of disaster management in Banjarnegara District and the strategies to solving the problem. This research was qualitative research with descriptive approach. Researh methode was case study. The informants select by purposive sampling techniques with consideration that informant realy understand about collaborative management of disaster management in Banjarnegara District, so could gave many information about research problems. The prime informants were the Head of BPBD, the Head of BPBD Operational Section, the Health Service, Secretary of government Banjarnegara District, Commission D of Regional Representative Council in Banjarnegara, and Head of Social Service. Supporting informant is the head of community organization. Data collection by interviews, observation and documentation. Research data were analyzed by interactive model.
 The results of this research been concluted: 1) Collaborative management of disaster management in Banjarnegara District over all not satisfaction comunity and not effective and efficient yet. At response phase could been doing quite well, at recovery phase could been doing well, and at developing phase could been doing well too but not finished at all yet caused by comunity land acquisition problem. BPBD could collaborate with some elements of government institution and non-governmental institutions in order to achieve a common goal which is to minimize the number of victims and the risk of disaster impacts, 2) Supporting factors were communication, commitment and mutual understanding among the stakeholders which be realized in collaboration and awareness all elements about their duties and responsibility so the limitation factors like human resources, equipment and budget can be solving by those collaboration. So that could say if collaborative management of disaster management in Banjarnegara District was solvable for disaster management in Banjarnegara District which has susceptible and disaster potenstions from several aspects, that was geographical, climatological, geological, and demographic social.
 

Land Acquisition Problems Project for Electrical Infrastructure Development

The land is a critical resource for infrastructure development. However, land acquisition was still as the biggest problem in realizing infrastructure development in Indonesia. Electricity project is one of the infrastructure projects strategic and needs to be realizing in a short period. Effort at investigating the factors causing a problem in land acquisition for electricity infrastructure projects through an empirical method in Indonesia received scant attention. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify and critically assess the factors causing land acquisition problem for electricity infrastructure development using an empirical approach. The study adopted literature review and questionnaire survey. Literature review was using to identify the factors causing in land acquisition problem, which was using to design the questionnaire survey culminating in data analysis. In order to capture a broad perception, the questionnaires were administered to three different primary stakeholder groups comprised consultants, project owner and government. Data collected were analysed using mean score. The study revealed the mean score ranking of 24 identified factors causing in land acquisition problem for electrical infrastructure development. Five highest problems in land acquisition projects are (1) A project has not integrated with City Plan; (2) The part of land that is not acquired cannot be utilized by the owner; (3) Inventory data is not accurate; (4) Poor stakeholders coordination; (5) Differences interpretation of land acquisition regulations.

Problematika Proses Pengadaan Tanah

The land has a social function; therefore, everyone has the right to make the best use of the land, from the land for agriculture to land to develop an area. This paper aims to analyze land acquisition problems in the West Kutai Regency and forms of legal protection for the community against land acquisition. This research method is normative juridical research. The land is fundamental to support the sustainable development of an area to impact the community whose land is designated for development. The legal umbrella still constrains land acquisition in West Kutai Regency in the form of regional regulations that provide access to the land acquisition process in the West Kutai Regency. The absence of legality of land certificates becomes an obstacle for the government to carry out land acquisition to trigger agrarian conflicts. For this reason, land acquisition, of course, the community must have a sense of sincerity if the land has been included in development activities. However, the government must provide compensation for communities affected by regional development. The concept of land acquisition carried out in an area must have a regional regulation formation in advance. In the land acquisition process, the community knows the legal basis, and the government has a legal basis in land acquisition. Justice for communities affected by land acquisition's impact, the government, must have an ideal system to provide justice for the community in terms of land acquisition.

Causes of Multi Years Contract Project Delay

Delay in construction projects is considered one of the most common problems, causing a multitude of negative effects on the project and its participating parties. Delays can cause losses to the economy, cost overruns, disputes, arbitration, abandonment, and poor quality of finished project. This paper aims to identify the main causes of delay in multi years infrastructure projects in Indonesia. Based on secondary data from documents for Proposals and Completion of Extension of Multi-Year Contract Approval in the FY 2018 and 2019 which are processed at the Ministry of Finance, 19 factors that caused the delay were identified. The importance indexes measured and ranked the level of importance of the delay factors. The main five causes of time delays included land acquisition problem, design change, failed tender, inadequate site investigation, and shortage of construction materials. Majority of the cause is attributed to Ministry/Institution as project owner. The results can help project owners, contractors, and consultants in understanding the reasons for the delay, so that each party, especially the Ministry/Agency as the project owner, can eliminate or minimize these causes.

Risk Analysis for the Sustainable Hydropower Development in Nepal

Development of hydropower projects involves a large amount of initial investment. Unlike other construction projects, hydropower projects are riskier to undertake since, the projects are large in size, linear in nature and involve many parties and stakeholders. The projects are facing cost overrun, schedule slippage, environmental, and social problems due to the various risk factors associated with the projects, which have to be identified and analysed so that the issues can be mitigated for the sustainable hydropower development in the country. This research involved identification and analysis of risk factors, which led to cost overrun and impact on the social and ecological environment due to the development of hydropower. The risk factors were identified through a questionnaire survey to the experts and literature review. The identified risks were analysed qualitatively considering both the probability of occurrence of the risk and its impact on the project and were prioritised with the help of P-I Matrix, also known as Look-Up table. The survey results revealed that the critical risk factors for the sustainable hydropower development are land acquisition problem, public disorder, adverse geological conditions, resettlement and rehabilitation, flooding, change in laws and regulations, labour disputes and strikes, and sedimentation problem. This study shall be helpful to the developers and project managers to have a better risk response plan for sustainable hydropower project development.

Procurement of Land for the Development of Pekanbaru-Kandis-Dumai Toll Road on the Land of Oil and Gulta Business Concession in Riau Province

National development is an effort to improve all aspects of the life of the people, nation and state. Land Procurement for public interest is an activity of providing land for public / public interests for the implementation of development projects carried out by the government or agencies that require land. Riau Province is one of the provinces in Sumatra which is very strategic. The movement of goods and services greatly affects the amount of traffic in the province, especially in the cities of Pekanbaru and Dumai. To overcome and accelerate the movement of goods and services, access is needed to anticipate traffic burdens. One alternative solution is to build the Pekanbaru-Kandis-Dumai Toll Road that connects the movement from Pekanbaru to Dumai. There are problems in the implementation of land acquisition, Commitment Making Officers and the Land Acquisition Committee encounter obstacles in providing compensation because the land / land owned is the land / concession area of PT. Chevron Pacific Indonesia is listed as an asset of the State Property, so the releasing party is the Directorate General of State Assets. The State Property and has been submitted to the Ministry of Finance the Director General of State Assets to be transferred for use of the toll road by the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing.The method used is analytical descriptive, which reveals laws and regulations relating to Land Acquisition and law in its implementation in the community regarding the resolution of the Land Acquisition problem. This research uses an empirical juridical approach that is conducting research with emphasis on the application of paying land acquisition law in the form of laws, PPs, Permen, Perkaban and other regulations on Land Procurement. Data collected in the form of primary data, obtained from relevant parties in the Land Acquisition in the research location, secondary data obtained from secondary legal materials, primary legal materials and linear legal materials.From the research it was found that the concessionaire PT. Caltex Pacific Indonesia (PT.CPI) based on Decree of the Head of the Riau Level I Swatantra Region in Tanjung Pinang dated June 5, 1959 Number: 091/48/59. The status of land such as the concession must be converted by the concession holder into a Land Right in accordance with the conversion provisions regulated in the Basic Agrarian Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Agrarian Rules Article IV. But based on DJKN letter No. S-884 / KN.4 / 2017 dated November 7, 2017 concerning the Statement of State Property, the land has been registered as State Property.

Modeling for the use of waste materials (Bottom ash and fly ash) in soil stabilization

Coal thermal power plants generate a huge amount of waste in the form of bottom ash and fly ash which is disposed of every year in large quantity. It has harmful effects as environmental pollution, money-wasting for land acquisition and respiratory problems. The best option is to use these materials in the construction of infrastructure, but an assessment is mandatory for the materials before their application. This study is conducted to show the improvement in the strength of soil by adding the proportion of bottom ash and fly ash in the soil. A total of 21 samples were made and tested with different ash proportions. Atterberg’s limits test, Proctor test, and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests were conducted to check the strength of different samples. Optimum content was identified as 12% bottom ash, 18% fly ash and 70% soil. At this proportion, the California Bearing Ratio value was 13.7% which is highest among all and decrease in the plasticity characteristics was observed due to the filling of maximum voids with fine particles of the ash in the flocculated structure of the soil.

Inquisition on Cost & Time Overrun in Road Construction Projects in Kashmir

The success of the project is generally acknowledged by the fact whether the project is completed within the time and budget. There are many challenges in this for completion of project within time and budget, this result in poor performance of project often. The construction cost and time overrun is most substantial problem in Jammu and Kashmir. This problem is faced by all parties like contractors, clients, subcontractors and suppliers. The aim of this research study is to find out factors that leads to cost and time overrun in road construction projects in Jammu and Kashmir. The results of this research shows the key factors that cause cost and time overrun in road construction projects in Jammu and Kashmir are Land acquisition problems, payment delay for completed work, delay in shifting of utilities inclement weather conditions, Security situation, design changes during construction, Lack of modern technology and market inflations