Lamp Life Research Articles

An Analysis Of The Movie "Toy Story: Lamp Life" By Disney

This research is a deixis analysis which is one of the sciences of semantics. This study aims to classify deixis, to find the dominant deixis in movie, and to discover is there any deixis that can not found in the movie. This research use qualitative descriptive strategy as the method. Researcher used a movie from Disney entitled "Toy Story: Lamp Life" as a medium for researching deixis. There are 5 types of deixis; person deixis, time deixis, place deixis, discourse deixis, and social deixis. Through the analysis process, 65 deixis person, 4 time deixis, 5 place deixis, and 6 discourse deixis were found. In this study, researcher used qualitative research method. The number of dialogues containing deixis is 80 dialogues. After researcher classify the data, researcher found the dominant deixis in the movie "Toy Story: Lamp Life" is person deixis, and the deixis can not found is social deixis. Based on the result of the analysis, it is conclude that the movie are have so many deixis that the students can use it to be a media to learn deixis in semantic learning. Keywords: Linguistics, Semantics, Deixis, Movie.

Method of predicting the useful life of ultraviolet lamps in electrotechnical systems under UV radiation

Method of predicting the useful life of ultraviolet lamps in electrotechnical systems under UV radiation

Hybrid six sigma based on recursive kalman filter and weibull distribution to estimate the lifespan of Bulb LEDs

The durability of LED bulbs ensures that the lights can operate for a long time without needing to be replaced or maintained too often. The brightness of high-power LED bulbs provides a strong and efficient light source, saves energy, and has a long lifespan. The traditional method of testing LED bulb life span has limitations such as long testing time, limited accuracy, high cost, inability to predict accurately, and failure to respond quickly. Therefore, the development of new and improved testing methods is necessary to effectively and accurately evaluate and ensure the durability of LED bulbs. This research paper proposes a hybrid Six Sigma method based on the recursive Kalman filter and Weibull distribution to estimate the lifespan of Bulb LEDs. The goal of the new method for evaluating LED bulb life is to provide accurate, reliable, and multi-dimensional information about the life of LED lamps, meeting the requirements of accuracy, diversity, time-saving, resources, credibility, and the ability to evaluate from a variety of perspectives. As a result of the research, the recursive Kalman filter method has strengths such as high accuracy, flexibility, saving computational resources, the ability to handle inaccurate data, and scalability. When applied to LED bulb life assessment, it provides an accurate and reliable estimate of LED lamp life. Research results on longevity testing were reduced from 1650 h to 710 h. The end-of-life test time is 710 h, and the aging time per life test cycle is 135 h. The cost of life testing is reduced from 2100.17 USD to 410.12 USD. This LED bulb lifespan testing method can be applied to similar types of LED products to improve the company's productivity and business efficiency.

Inactivation of microorganisms on surfaces of a refrigerator compartment with low-pressure mercury lamps

Household refrigerator compartments and cold chain systems are highly susceptible to microbial contamination. To minimize the surface-contact disease transmission, low-temperature surfaces must be inactivated. Currently, there is no environmentally friendly and convenient means for surface sterilization at low temperatures. This investigation proposed the use of low-pressure mercury lamps to sterilize the bottom surface of a refrigerator. The mercury lamps emitted UVC irradiation and were mounted horizontally on the sidewalls of the refrigerator compartment to inactivate Escherichia coli (E. coli) on the bottom surface. The measured irradiances and E. coli inactivation efficiencies were used to validate the surface-to-surface (S2S) model. The impacts of the refrigeration temperature (20 °C, 4 °C, and −18 °C, respectively) on the UVC output and E. coli sterilization efficiency were evaluated. And so did for the impacts of the relative humidity (ranging from 45 % to 85 % at 4 °C). The required time for operation of the UVC lamps to reach a 3-log reduction in E. coli was calculated for different lamp placements. The results revealed that the UVC emission of low-pressure mercury lamps decreases remarkably with the temperature. The necessary UVC irradiation dose to achieve the same inactivation efficiency increases as the temperature decreases. To extend the operating life of UVC lamps, the installed lamps should make the irradiance distribution on the target surface as uniform as possible.

Development of UV reactor controller in ballast water treatment system to minimize the biological threat on marine environment

Ballast water management is an effective measure to ensure that organisms and bacteria do not migrate with the ballast water to other areas. The International Maritime Organization adopted the International Convention on the Control and Management of Ballast Water and Ship Sediments, in 2004 which regulates issues of ballast water management. Many technologies have been researched and developed; in particular, using UV rays is the method that is evaluated with many advantages and meets the requirements of the Convention. The UV reactor in the ballast water treatment system has a very large capacity, so in the ballast water treatment system, it is often necessary to use many high-power UV lamps in one UV reactor. These high-power UV lamps consume a lot of electrical energy and are very expensive. Research on the control of UV radiation in the process of disinfecting water appropriately and effectively is necessary in order to improve the life of UV lamps, consume less electricity, and ensuring anti-bacterial duty is well conducted. This paper presents the development of a controller for a UV reactor and ballast water flow in the ballast water treatment system installed on ships. Experimental results on ships indicate the efficiency achieved by the developed UV controller.

Optimal UV Quantity for a Ballast Water Treatment System for Compliance with Imo Standards

Abstract Ballast water management is an effective measure to ensure that organisms, bacteria and viruses do not migrate with the ballast water to other areas. In 2004, the International Maritime Organization adopted the International Convention on the Control and Management of Ballast Water and Ship Sediments, which regulates issues related to ballast water management. Many technologies have been researched and developed, and of these, the use of UV rays in combination with filter membranes has been shown to have many advantages and to meet the requirements of the Convention. However, the use of UV furnaces in ballast water treatment systems requires a very large capacity, involving the use of many high-power UV lamps. This not only consumes large amounts of electrical energy, but is also expensive. It is therefore necessary to find an optimal algorithm to enable the UV radiation for the UV controller in the ballast water sterilisation process to be controlled in a reasonable and effective manner. This controller helps to prolong the life of the UV lamp, reduce power consumption and ensure effective sterilisation. This paper presents a UV control algorithm and a controller for a UV furnace for a ballast water treatment system installed on a ship. The results of tests on vessels illustrate the effect of the proposed UV controller.

Case Study of Decreasing of Quality of Processed Waste at Sewage Treatment Plant to Contain Waste Disposal on Ship Mv. Ck Angie

Prevention of contamination by sewage on ships can be overcome by using an auxiliary sewage treatment plant, a sewage treatment plant is a liquid waste treatment installation which is generally intended for domestic waste in the form of feces and laundry residue containing detergents which are harmful to the environment by utilizing aerobic bacteria as waste decomposers and UV sterilizers as a neutralizer for waste parameters. However, in reality when the author and engineer 3 conducted regular tests on the processed water content of the sewage treatment plant from May 4 2021 to May 25 2021, the results of the waste parameters were not in accordance with the manual book. So, according to the test results above, the authors take 3 causes for the decline in the quality of processed water which is the background for writing this thesis, namely the operation of the aeration blower is ineffective, the UV sterilizer does not function properly and the accumulation of sludge or excessive solid residue in the separation tank section. The research method used is descriptive. The approach method used is a qualitative approach method with data collection techniques carried out by means of observation and documentation based on data analysis techniques carried out using root cause analysis (RCA) techniques carried out on the MV ship. CK ANGIE from 11 December 2020 to 24 January 2022. the operation of the aeration blower is ineffective, If the uv sterilizer does not function properly, the cause of the problem is the dirty blower air filter and dirty blower air inlet pipe and the uv sterilizer section is caused by the life of the uv lamp which has exceeded running hours and the uv jacket is dirty. And for engine cadets to pay attention to the exhaust air pressure from the aeration blower so that when the exhaust air pressure from the aeration blower starts to decrease, they can immediately report it to the engineer in charge. suggestions for maintaining the performance of the UV Sterilizer are to pay more attention to the usage period or running hours of the UV Lamp so that the effectiveness of the UV Lamp continues to function properly. And for the jacket section of the UV sterilizer to be cleaned regularly by implementing a regular planned maintenance system (PMS)..

Analysis of the Plasma Discharge Phenomena for Ceramic Metal Halide Lamps Using Finite Element Method

Metal halide (MH) lamps comes under the category of high intensity discharge (HID) lamps, which involves high intensity thermal plasma discharge phenomenon. In this paper we have considered ceramic MH lamps. The plasma discharge in MH lamps is different from other plasma discharge by the velocity of all the discharge obeys Maxwellian distribution, the excited energy states are occupied by Boltzmann distribution, and composition of the plasma can be derived from local chemical equilibrium. This paper explores the temperature distribution and the immediate effects towards the life of MH lamp. The temperature profile for the MH lamp is numerically investigated using WELSIM 2.0, considering the lamp plasma model mathematical equations. Since electrode plays a significant role, influencing MH lamp life, it becomes imperative to understand the electrodes. In this context, the energy balance equation is taken into consideration. The equations are solved using finite element method. The necessary boundary condition for solution of the equation is the plasma boundary layer for the cathode heat conduction. The analysis provides the temperature distribution inside the lamp for different electrode geometry. The solutions to the equations have been pictorially investigated for the lamp starting phenomena and E/N ratio. For HID lamps in general, the improvements in HID technology are all linked to the performance of the arc tube, and within that tube, the chemical reaction, the pressure, and the temperature of the reaction. Another feature in the case of MH lamps that is worth mentioning in the determination of lamp life is the ratio between electric field to gas number density. From the above, we can draw the following conclusion that the radiation transport mechanism of the HID lamps plays a pivotal role apart from other parameters influencing the lifetime of HID lamps. The paper envisages all these aspects using PDEs, the solutions of which provide an insightful understanding of the phenomena substantially.

Karakteristik Lampu Hemat Energi Ditinjau dari Pengaruh Suplai Tegangan Listrik


 
 
 
 The circulation of Energy Saving Lamps or Self-Based Lamps in Indonesia, which promises the shape of lamps, variations in lamp power, lamp life, comparison of offered lamp brightness, low power absorption with brighter light, has caused many people to switch from using tube lamps and incandescent lamps to other types of lamps. this lamp. Indonesian Government regulation that requires LHE lamp manufacturers to include the Indonesian National Standard label as proof that the lamp is within the specified Efficacy limit. General Regulation of Electrical Installation and PT. PLN urges its consumers that electricity users can maintain the load power factor of not less than 0.8. This study aims to determine the amount of current consumption and electrical power required by LHE lamps labeled with SNI from the Panasonic, Shinyoku and ACR brands which were obtained randomly in the market. 10 lamps 18 watts, 220 volts as a sample, given a variation of the supply voltage between 110 volts to 240 volts with 10 volt steps. The results showed that the average real power at a voltage of 220 volts was in accordance with the labels on all brands. All three lamp brands have a power factor below 0.5. Characteristics of voltage to real power for Panasonic LHE obtained y = -0.0226x2 + 8.889x - 673.88, LHE Shinyoku y = -0.0002x2 + 0.3184x + 109.22, and LHE ACR y = -0.0003x2 + 0.2852x + 120.91
 
 
 

Railway signal light system using LED technology

The railway signal light system mainly uses incandescent light sources. Meanwhile, these lights operate in regular ON and OFF mode and suffer from fluctuations when a train passes by, these are all unfavourable factors that reduce the life of incandescent lamps. Therefore, the rating working time of incandescent bulbs is often short, leading to the requirements for maintenance conditions and replacement of supplies with a high frequency. This paper presents the solution of using LED technology to replace incandescent bulbs to solve the above problems. In addition, the article also mentions a solution that integrates IoT technology to help collect status data of each lamp in real time and support the deployment of smart maintenance solutions to improve operational efficiency and reliable and stable operation of the system.

Improving Luminous Efficacy of Ceramic Resonator Plasma Lamps by Using Microwave Pulse Modulation

The microwave plasma lamp is an electrodeless light source that uses radio frequency (RF) energy to excite gas discharge. By using the square wave pulse modulation, this article studies the luminous characteristics of the rectangular ceramic resonator plasma lamp so as to improve the system’s luminous efficacy. When the modulation frequency is 22 kHz and the duty ratio is 90% for a quartz bulb with color rendering index (CRI) of 92, the luminous efficacy can be increased by 15% steadily for the RF power of 180 W. The spectral power distribution is almost the same as the continuous wave (CW) 200 W, indicating that the luminous efficacy is improved without changing the luminous parameters and performance. The luminous flux is very sensitive to different modulation frequencies during the arc discharge state. This sensitivity is explained by the resonance between the pressure wave generated by pulse modulation and the reflected wave from the tube wall. Finally, the luminous efficacy of 90.4 lm/W for the light source and 60 lm/W for the system is achieved. This study provides a method to increase the luminous efficacy when the efficiency of the RF driver cannot be significantly improved, and it has a practical value to prolong the life of plasma lamps.

Effects of multi-factors on the junction temperature of LED automotive lamp chips

LED automotive lamps have become the mainstream automotive lighting equipment due to their own characteristics of energy conservation and environmental protection. However, at present, the problem of high junction temperature of LED automotive lamp chips has not been effectively solved, resulting in the decline of lighting effect and service life of LED automotive lamps, which greatly restricts the further development of LED automotive lamps. Generally, the junction temperature of LED automotive lamp chips is affected by many factors. In this paper, the effects of different factors (chip power, ambient temperature, chip distribution spacing, chip distribution shape) on the junction temperature of LED automotive lamp chip are explored by using the method of constant temperature experimental platform and ANSYS Workbench simulation; The experimental phenomena of LED junction temperature varying with different factors are analyzed in this paper. The results show that appropriately increasing the spacing of light sources in the LED automotive lamp chip can greatly reduce the chip junction temperature, and appropriately changing the distribution spacing between LED automotive lamp chips can also reduce the chip junction temperature to a certain extent. The research provides a certain basis for effectively controlling the junction temperature of LED automotive lamp chip and prolonging the life of LED automotive lamps.

ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНА СИСТЕМА УПРАВЛІННЯ В ОСВІТЛЕННІ ПІШОХІДНИХ ПЕРЕХОДІВ ДЛЯ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕНЕРГОЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ

Purpose. Development of the concept of an intelligent control system for implementation in the scheme of pedestrian crossing lighting and design of a street lamp to reduces electricity costs and increases the service life of street lights, using technical devices such as dimmers and special motion sensors.Method. The research methods of theoretical analysis, modeling of appearance and creation of the scheme of intellectual control complex, basic provisions on lighting of pedestrian crossings and design of street lighting, analysis of possibilities of motion sensors and dimming at use in lighting are used.Results. Technologies of application of dimers and various motion sensors in lighting are analyzed and modern technological advantages of their use are allocated. Having identified a problem in the payment for electricity for street lighting for many local budgets, an intelligent control system for pedestrian crossing lighting was developed. The system allows obtaining of significant economic effect, reducing electricity consumption by a maximum of 70%. This saving is achieved by using dimming lamps and special narrow motion sensors, which have a viewing angle of 6 ° horizontally. At rest, the system keeps the lamp power at 50% until the person falls within the range of the sensor and the illumination rises to 100% for the set time. Specially selected sensors and their correct placement allow the system to work only when a person approaches a pedestrian crossing, and to remove accidental unpredictable inclusions. After analyzing the modern street lighting market, the design of a street lamp was created and proposed.Scientific novelty. It is proposed to use an intelligent control system in the lighting of pedestrian crossings, because now it is widely used only as part of the complex "smart home". Application in the scheme of lighting of pedestrian crossings of dimming and special narrowly directed motion sensors with a viewing angle of 6° horizontally that will allow to exclude accidental operation, both from people and cars, and from dogs and cats. A new design of the road lamp has been developed, based on the analyzed provisions on the correct lighting of pedestrian crossings.Practical significance. Lighting of pedestrian crossings is currently a problem in our country, because there are many accidents, and for good lighting you need to spend a lot of money on electricity from local budgets. This intelligent pedestrian crossing lighting control system is specially designed so that the use of electricity can be reduced by 70% and the service life of lamps can be significantly increased, for example by 1.5 times, but a more accurate value can be obtained only after the introduction of the first experimental sample. The use of such a system is possible throughout Ukraine at each crossing, unlike many other projects for lighting road crossings.

Characterizing lifetime estimation of fusing lamps in Multi-Jet Fusion 3D Printers

Consumables life in general, and fusing lamp life in particular, is an important factor in determining Total Cost of Ownership (TOC) for multi-jet fusion 3D printing customers and thus impacting customers’ perception of device quality and reliability. It is also a factor in warranty cost. Knowing the risk of failure before running a production operation can help save production costs and result in planned maintenance. Towards that, in this paper, the authors present an analysis of the lifespan of fusing lamps and discuss important limiting factors to further use in predictive maintenance applications. The paper presents the relevance of estimating lifetime in an industrial factory setting with a real case study. It provides a short intuitive background of survival analysis methodologies and equips the user with a practical understanding of concepts such as censoring, and parametric and non-parametric approaches to compute survival probabilities. An application from the multi-jet fusion 3D printing has been taken to explain the end-to-end concept in a real-life scenario. The paper also attempts to discuss how to interpret the parameter-estimates in the Weibull distribution model applied to the case of fusing lamps, and thereby in predictive maintenance.

Efficiency of the use of sodium lamps in rooms for quails keeping

The study was conducted in the “Training Center for growing quails” and in the laboratory “Technology of animal products and fish products” at the Faculty of “Veterinary Medicine and Zooengineering” of the Azerbaijan State Agrarian University. The study was conducted with the aim of obtaining high productivity in female quails, in order to save electricity when keeping them under canopies refreshed with sodium lamps. Usually in the western region of Azerbaijan in the autumn and winter period, farmers keep quails in rooms with smoldering and halogen lamps. Recently, due to the increase in the cost of electricity by 0.11 kopecks and taking into account the reduction in the service life of glow and halogen lamps (1000 ... 2500 glow, 3000....6000 halogen lamps), as shown in the study methodology, the effect of the use of high-voltage sodium lamps, regardless of the maintenance systems, on the physical and clinical condition of quails and on their productivity was revealed. From the results obtained, it became clear that when using sodium lamps in rooms where quails are kept, the quantity and quality of products obtained from quails are identical to incandescent and halogen lamps. However, here the amount spent on electricity for 49 days was 12.65 man, and the lamps are used for a long time (40000 hours).

Investigation of efficiency and quality of functioning of led lighting elements of electrical systems at the maximum permissible ambient temperature

Based on the results of the study of the elements of the electrical system, the operability and quality of their functioning are determined by the example of the use of LED filament lamps for lighting during their continuous operation at the maximum permissible ambient temperature equal to 50 °С.THE PURPOSE. The relevance of this work is determined by the lack of information about the operability and quality of functioning of filament LED lamps during their continuous operation in conditions of elevated ambient temperature, taking place in boiler-turbine shops of thermal power plants, foundries of factories, bakeries of bakeries, in the tunnels of coal mines and divisions of other enterprises. It is established that the working life of the Gauss LED filament lamps with a power of 10 W, containing 4 filaments, is 70-75 days, and with 8 filaments only 22-24 days. Degradation of filament lamps with 8 filaments at the maximum permissible ambient temperature of 50 °С. occurs at a rate of 0.45-0.50 % per day. It is shown that a filament LED lamp with 4 filaments, if it is operated for 4.5 hours a day in conditions of elevated ambient temperature, can work for almost more than one year. METHODS. The resource of filament and typical LED lamps of different power is considered in comparative terms when they are operated at a relatively high ambient temperature.RESULTS. It is established that a 10 W filament LED lamp with 4 filaments has an energy resource, as well as a high-quality standard LED lamp. At the same time, the temperature of its body is no more than 40 °С, which is almost 2 times less. By increasing the distance between the filaments due to the use of a smaller number of filaments, it is possible to increase the power supply by 2 times and the corresponding luminous flux by 1.5 times. CONCLUSION. In preliminary experiments with a filament lamp of the new design of the Diall model, it was found that the use of longer filaments (45 mm) in it, instead of the previously used ones (30 mm), allows to increase the quality of their functioning by about 4 times when they are operated under the same ambient temperature conditions.

Research on Classroom Lighting Energy Saving System Based on YOLOv3

After class, there are frequent cases of people walking but still lighting. In order to reduce the occurrence of this phenomenon, this paper proposes a classroom lighting energysaving system based on YOLOv3. The system uses the installed monitoring equipment in the existing public area as the information collector, controls the lamps through the wireless control switch, and uses the Internet as a bridge to intelligently control the lamps. The system can judge the area where the lights need to be turned off and automatically turn off the equipment in the case of people leaving the lights. While ensuring lighting, the system not only prolongs the service life of lamps, but also reduces the cost of school funds. When the system is popularized to the country, it will save a lot of electric energy, and the future development force cannot be underestimated. It is of great significance to carry out energy conservation and emission reduction in China.

Optimization and Experimental Validation of Automotive Bulbs

In a vehicle, bulbs called the P-group are responsible for warning other drivers or pedestrians and they are known as signal bulbs. Signal bulbs have been used to emit warning and hazard signs in parts such as brake lights, direction indicator, hazard lights (night vision) as well as tail bulbs and car park alarms. There has been limited researches on the photometric characteristics of these lamps, but a review of these studies revealed that no detailed research has yet been done on optimizing these characteristics, and there is a scientific gap. In this study, factors affecting the service life and luminous flux were evaluated by using Taguchi design of experiments method. The results showed that the two factors of weight percent composition of bubble filling neutral gases and the volumetric efficiency of gases injected into the bubble had the most influence on the target parameters. Experimental results showed that the optimum composition of neutral gases injected into the bulb bubble can extend the bulb service life to approximately 341 h, which is three times the service life of a bulb with the inappropriate composition of fill gases. Then the optimum state of the service life and the luminous flux were determined to meet the reference standards. Although the service life and luminous flux parameters were able to reach 341 h and 513 lumens in the maximized state, however, in the optimum state with satisfying reference standards, the service life and luminous flux were 330 h and 463 lumens, respectively. Then, the bulb bubble filling with inert neutral gases and its effect on the bulb service life was investigated. The results showed that if the volumetric efficiency of gas injection increased from the normal 75%–100%, the service life of the test lamps would be improved by about 10%.

Lifetime Prediction method of LED Light-emitting Device Based on Approximate Analysis

Compared with other light sources, LED light source has a longer service life and will not suddenly fail. Due to its high efficiency, energy saving and long life, LED has become the most popular light source at present. However, it is no longer considered to meet the application requirements, and the time that the light flux decays to this level is considered to be the life of the LED. This paper introduces the approximate method used to predict the lumen maintenance life of LED lamps. The experimental results obtained by the approximate method are compared with the TM-21 standard. Eventually, it is concluded that the approximate method provides more reliability information than the original TM-21 standard, and the obtained results are more reference, more accurate and more reliable.

Research on Green Control Algorithm of Street Lamp

As an important facility of community lighting, street lights can not only provide convenience for pedestrians or vehicles, but also improve the safety of the community. The power consumption of street lamp lighting is one of the important parts of shared power in the community. In order to solve this problem, firstly, we study the lighting control algorithm and establish the energy consumption formula; secondly, we analyse the energy consumption under different lighting control strategies; finally, we design a feasible intelligent green control algorithm. Theoretical analysis shows that intelligent green light control can effectively save energy and prolong the life of lamps and lanterns.