Lamellar Cataract Research Articles

Trephine sections for cataract surgery.

In 100 cases of senile cataract keratoplasty trephine was used for making lamellar cataract sections from the 3 to 9 o'clock position. The results are compared with sections made by keratome and scissors. The advantages achieved by performing the sections with the trephine are discussed. Complications due to defective wound healing are reduced to the bare minimum. There was no astigmatism in 41% of the cases. The sections were ab externo enabling preplaced sutures to be inserted.

The lens, cataracts, and galactosemia.

Like the trunk of a tree, the lens grows throughout life by forming successive layers at its outer circumference. Older layers are thereby progressively displaced toward the center so that periods of unfavorable growth or transient metabolic disturbances may be permanently inscribed as deep-lying concentric rings. In the lens these rings comprise the lamellar or zonular cataracts that occur in the neonatal period and are often called congenital cataracts. Galactosemia provides a metabolic disturbance that produces cataracts in the first few weeks of life. The elevated blood galactose of the galactosemic infant causes an abnormal hydration and eventual opacification of . . .

Normal pregnancy and childbirth in a galactosemic woman

nosis was made of ABO hemolytic disease and sepsis. At 6 months of age she was readmitted because of failure to thrive, persistent vomiting, and hepatosplenomegaly. A diagnosis of galactosemia was postulated because of an abnormal galactose tolerance test and later confirmed by specific assay of galactose-l-phosphate uxidyl transferase. Since childhood she has not been on any strict form of dietary lactose restriction. At the present time she is doing well in high school and plans to graduate. At the time of physical examination she was 5 feet 4 inches tall, weighed 95 pounds, and had bilateral lamellar cataracts. Pregnancy and delivery were uncomplicated. She delivered spontaneously, at 58 weeks' gestation, a 6 pound 8 ounce healthy male who was placed on a lactose-containing formula after transferase assays of red cells from cord blood and the baby's blood at 12 hours of life were consistent with heterozygosity for the galactosemic gene. The serum bilirubin peaked at 19.8 rag. per cent on the fourth day of life, although no etiology of the hyperbilirubinemia was found. Repeated urinalyses for reducing substances were negative. The child has thrived at home on an unrestricted diet; at 6 months of age he weighs 18 pounds 8 ounces, is developmentally normal according to the Denver Developmental Screening Test, and has no cataracts or hepatosplenomegaly. METHODS

Progressive Lamellar Radiation Cataracts in the Newborn Mouse : A Preliminary Report

Progressive Lamellar Radiation Cataracts in the Newborn Mouse : A Preliminary Report

Differentiation of chronic galactosemia and milk allergy in early childhood

Gastrointestinal milk allergies in early childhood should be differentiated from chronic galactoscmia, which is characterized by galactosuria and usually by vomiting, colic, diarrhea, failure to gain weight, jaundice, hepatomegaly, lamellar cataracts, and mental retardation. One case has been presented. The early diagnosis of chronic galactosemia may prevent most of the serious complications.

Postnatal development of lamellar cataracts in premature infants.

Lamellar cataracts are commonly thought to arise during gestation. Two cases, however, were reported by Guy 1 recently in which the opacities were observed to occur after birth. Two similar infants are here reported whose lenses were clear shortly after birth and who subsequently developed bilateral lamellar cataracts Bellows 2 states that Becker (1874), Jaeger (1881), Galezowski (1881), and others were of the opinion that lamellar cataracts developed prenatally, whereas von Graefe (1855), Panas, and Groenouw believed they appeared postnatally. Unilateral lamellar cataract has been observed in patients with keratitis (Becker, 1874) and after trauma (von Graefe, 1855-1857 and Law), 3 but none of these cases was proved not to have had the cataract prior to the disease or injury. Bellows also states that bilateral lamellar cataracts have been observed to develop in relation to tetany. Nevertheless, bilateral lamellar cataracts in the absence of tetany, local disease, or injury have

Lamellar Cataract in Chickens

Cataract in the fowl is an extremely rare although apparently not an entirely unknown disease.**Personal communications from C. A. Elvehjem, Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, and H. W. Titus, formerly in the Animal Nutrition Division, Beltsville Research Center, U.S.D.A. References to the condition in avian species have not been found in the experimental literature.Cataract appearing in laboratory animals has been ascribed to various causes. Mitchell and Dodge (1935) reported cataract in white rats sustained on a diet containing excessive amounts of lactose. Krewson, Schantz, and Elvehjem (1939) encountered cataract in rats on a diet rich in galactose. Riboflavin deficiency was reported to have caused cataract in rats by Day (1937) and others. More recently, Patch (1941) reported cataract in the larvae of the tiger salamander (Amblystoma trigrinum) fed on a diet of powdered milk. The same investigator also observed the disease in the same species on diets containing separate muscle proteins.Cataract in chickens originating from an unknown cause was observed in the spring of 1943 (May) in a flock of about fifty .

Studies on the Aetiology and Pathogenesis of Cataract Zonularis: An Academic Treatise.

This work on lamellar cataract is a scholarly addition to the excellent monographs which have recently been appearing in Sweden. Part I is devoted to a review of the literature. Here one learns that, while zonular cataract was probably first described by Schmidt in 1800, it was Jaeger who with the ophthalmoscope first differentiated it from other congenital types of cataract as a form showing opacities in a deeper layer of lenticular fibers which enclosed a transparent nucleus and were themselves surrounded by a normal cortical layer. The diameter of the zonular cataract varies between 5 and 8 mm., and the opacity, which is composed of closely set, tiny dots, is from 0.5 to 0.7 mm. in thickness. There may be riders. The outer boundary is always sharply defined ; the inner boundary is less distinct. This type of cataract may be partial, and rarely double layers of cataract are

Two Cases of Congenital Irideremia, with Lamellar Cataract in One and Dislocated Cataractous Lenses in the Other

Two Cases of Congenital Irideremia, with Lamellar Cataract in One and Dislocated Cataractous Lenses in the Other