Lame Duck Research Articles

Legislative Function of the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia in the Transition Period of Lame Duck Session Perspective of Maslahah Mursalah

Legislative Function of the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia in the Transition Period of Lame Duck Session Perspective of Maslahah Mursalah

Lame duck law enforcement

Election losses for incumbent sheriffs result in lame ducks who oversee local law enforcement for as long as 10 months before the next sheriff takes office. Monthly arrest rates decline 11% subsequent to a primary election loss and 20.3% after losing a general election; violent crime arrests drop 24.8% in the two months following a general election loss. Our results demonstrate the costs of electoral turnover where day-to-day duties are sensitive to effort and conscientiousness.

‘MACRON IS A LAME DUCK; HE CAN AFFORD NOT TO THINK ABOUT ELECTIONS’

‘MACRON IS A LAME DUCK; HE CAN AFFORD NOT TO THINK ABOUT ELECTIONS’

The Urgency of Regulating the Lame Duck Session in Indonesia on President Power

A lame-duck session is a common occurrence during presidential transitions. Despite its lame duck status, Indonesia's President holds significant power. Until present, Indonesia has no regulations governing the limitations on the President's power during the lame duck session. This research topic is formulated as first, what is the urgency of establishing legislation addressing lame duck sessions in Indonesia? Second, what is the best lame-duck session arrangement in Indonesia? The research employs normative research methods. As a result, the findings of this research discussion in the lame-duck session created legal uncertainty in policymaking, as well as the possibility of the president using power the advantage of the president's group Ideally, in Indonesia, the lame duck session is governed by law that includes a timeline for the presidential election, which must be held no later than thirty days before the President's term ends.

Out of Office, Out of Step? Re-election Concerns and Ideological Shirking in Lame Duck Sessions of the U.S. House of Representatives

Out of Office, Out of Step? Re-election Concerns and Ideological Shirking in Lame Duck Sessions of the U.S. House of Representatives

The effectiveness of the investigative powers of the Independent Policing and Oversight Authority

Is the Independent Policing Oversight Authority (IPOA) a toothless dog or a lame duck? Some have put forward that IPOA was set up for failure since inception. This commentary critiques the reality of these sentiments from the perspective of IPOA’s power to investigate complaints on Kenyan police use of excessive force. Investigations into the reported claims of police brutality is among IPOA’s key accountability measures over police (mis)conduct. However, IPOA has encountered various challenges in executing its mandate, especially the ‘blue conduct of silence’. This paper demonstrates that despite the challenges in executing investigations, IPOA has managed to complete some investigations and secure some convictions.

The Electoral Dynamics of Capital Punishment Commutations

AbstractWe explore electoral explanations for U.S. governors’ willingness to commute death sentences in their state. Across descriptive tests and pre-registered regression specifications, we find little evidence that election timing or term limits affect either the probability of commuting death sentences or the proportion of such sentences governors might commute. However, we do find evidence that governors are more likely to commute sentences – and commute sentences for a higher proportion of defendants – during the “lame duck” period after their successor’s election but before their inauguration.

Lame Duck Law Enforcement

Lame Duck Law Enforcement

GSA’S CONGRESSIONAL UPDATE

Abstract This popular annual session will provide cutting-edge information on what the 117th Congress has and has not accomplished to date, and what may be left for the lame duck session to address. Speakers will discuss key issues such as Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, Older Americans Act, Build Back Better Act, social isolation, serious illness care, and funding. Predictions for the 118th Congress may be provided.

A Hero, a Ruler, and a Sidekick Walk into a Voting Booth: Visual Archetypal Characters and Their Stories in Editorial Cartoons After the 2020 U.S. Presidential Election

This interpretive visual study expands the scholarship on editorial cartoons by relying on the neo-archetypal theory to understand what archetypes emerge throughout more than 500 drawings published during the lame duck period of the Trump presidency, how they are visually constructed, and what stories they tell during the 79-day period. The visual rhetorical analysis identifies the ruler, the hero, and the sidekick as the archetypes that shape the narrative arc of the cartoons. It also reveals an archetypal transfiguration of the ruler into the outlaw, illustrating how social shaming performed by the cartoons serves as a political tool of punishment.

Whose Party is It?: Lame Ducks, Presidential Candidates, and Evaluations of the Party

Presidents and presidential candidates serve as an important source cue for the mass public’s attitudes toward and evaluations of the political parties. Our study evaluates these dynamics during the transition from a lame duck president, Barack Obama, to a new party standard-bearer, Hillary Clinton. Our analysis takes advantage of the fact that the 2014 and 2016 Cooperative Election Study (CES) and the 2012 and 2016 American National Election Study (ANES) surveys asked respondents to evaluate both Obama, Clinton, and the Democratic Party. These data allow us to examine whether the transition from Obama to Clinton changed the primary referent for public attitudes toward the Democratic Party. Our results provide mixed evidence about a change in the relative importance of attitudes toward Clinton and Obama when the former became the nominee, and the latter was a lame duck. While the public’s view of the connection between Obama and Democratic Party’s ideological profile remained constant across time, respondents did update their affective assessments of the party in the face of a new party leader once Clinton was the nominee.

Government Policies and Its Constitutional Implications for National Unity in Nigeria

The research work focuses on government policies and its constitutional implications for national unity in Nigeria. A survey research design was adopted for the study. The population consists of one thousand politicians in Anambra State. Purposive sampling technique was used to sample three hundred (300) respondents. The questionnaire was the major instrument for data collection and it was validated by two experts in public administration and political science. The mean statistics was used to analyzed the data collected. The findings of the study showed that government discriminatory policies on appointment into government positions, discriminatory policies on state of origin for employment and admission into tertiary institutions among others are policies that impede the achievement of national unity in Nigeria. The paper also discovered that the negative implications of government policies are ethnic bitterness and rancour, formation of ethnic militia, disharmonious co-existence and increased in poverty. The paper concluded that most of the government policies at the state and federal level are detrimental to the welfare and rights of the Nigerian citizens. The implications are rivalry, distrust, opposition, disharmonious co-existence which has Nigerian and made the constitution a mockery and a lame duck. Relevant recommendations were made.

Plasmacyte Heterogeneity of Lame Ducklings

The aim is to describe the array of plasmacytes (PC), cells known as the source of antibody, occurring in the bone marrow (BM) of lame ducklings. The method is by a light microscopic examination of touch preparation slides made from femur samples and stained with Wright-Giemsa. Samples were obtained on site at commercial farms where slide preparations were made; reducing the possibility that observations are technical artifacts. The results: indicate that PC occur in a multitude of sizes, shapes, nuclear/cytoplasmic (N/C) ratios, ploidy, and nuclear and cytoplasmic conditions. Normal PC are illustrated first, followed by atypical forms. Some PC are presented in the context of neighboring BM cells of the granulocyte, erythrocyte, and reticulum cell (histiocyte) series. More than 100 Mott-type PC were measured in a single sample from a 13-day lame duck; and several distinct forms were identified. Size, as measured by their longest axis, varied from 6.1 to 28 μm and it appears to be normally distributed. Moreover, N/C ratios were distributed across a three-fold range (0.3 – 0.9) indicating Mott phenotypes can occur at multiple developmental stages. Motts differed in Russell Body (RB) size, and nuclear condition. A novel Mott type, “orb” form, with partially lysed nuclei is also described. PC were often found in association with giant granulated histiocytes (ggh) and non-granulated giant histiocytes (gh). Other atypical forms are “hand-mirror” PC, trinucleate and binucleate PC resembling cells seen in multiple myeloma (MM) and lymphomas. Collectively these PC variants constitute “reactive plasmatosis” (RP) likely arising as a consequence of the presence of various bacteria including Streptococcus and E. coli. The conclusions: It is demonstrated that RP as occurs in lame ducklings suffering from bacterial infections, provides a unique theater for the study of PC variability. Atypical PC, some resembling neoplastic types, were common in RP BM. The significance of the study relates to the importance of PC in disease and immunity; therefore, these observations should interest those who specialize in these areas. They expand the knowledge of avian plasmacyte morphology.

South Korea in 2021

The two biggest stories of 2021 in South Korea were a cutthroat presidential nomination and the nationwide outcry over soaring housing prices. Both the ruling and opposition parties had gone through a noisy and murky nomination process. In 2021, housing prices continued to rise, causing citizens’ anxiety and anger to reach their peak, and the president apologized for the failure of the real estate policy. Despite the maladministration, president Moon Jae-in, unlike previous presidents, did not become a lame duck. Meanwhile, the popularity of Hallyu, or the Korean Wave, continued with the success of the movie Minari, K-pop band BTS, and the Netflix drama series Squid Game.

How Does Party Discipline Affect Legislative Behavior? Evidence from Within-Session Variation in Lame Duck Status

How Does Party Discipline Affect Legislative Behavior? Evidence from Within-Session Variation in Lame Duck Status

Law Making Activities during Lame Duck Sessions in Indonesia (1997–2020)

AbstractThis study described that phenomenon in the law-making process in Indonesia by displaying the data on the behaviours or issuance of laws during lame duck sessions from 1997 to 2020. Compared with that of regular sessions, laws issued during the lame duck sessions significantly looked more productive but they did not comply with the mandate of laws desiring that each bill was supposed to be discussed in three sessions at the longest. In terms of the materials regulated in Laws, many lawmakers took advantage of a lame duck session to pass any laws in favour of the state officials that often generated public rejection and had shifted its participatory role through a judicial review at the Constitutional Court. Empirical tests of the law’s response to economic growth using econometrics analysis also indicate that current laws have a negative impact on the economy. House of the Representatives (DPR) and the President had actually understood the logic that a lame duck session was not such a right time to make a law; however, making a law during a lame duck session was not prohibited and there were no such clear rulings restricting the making of a law during this session.

Economic Problems of Our Time

In this paper, we aim to look at the main problems which arose or aggravated in recent years, concerning the economic crisis, stagnation, inequalities, and globalisation, what we call ‘the terrible four’. These are partly old problems (and we trace them back in economic history), but they have become more profound in the last decades. Notwithstanding the fantasy of economists that has led to suggest the possibility to make use of new instruments of economic policy, some of them are politically constrained, which implies the impossibility for the Government to reach its economic policy targets. In fact, if the number of instruments is less than that of targets, the Government becomes a ‘lame duck’.

Kyoto-2: The Lame Duck of West European Climate Diplomacy Lessons Learned From the International Climate Process

Kyoto-2: The Lame Duck of West European Climate Diplomacy Lessons Learned From the International Climate Process

The Need for an Established Senate Rule on Election-Year and Lame Duck Session Supreme Court Nominations

In 2016, the Republican-held Senate refused to hold a hearing on President Barack Obama’s nominee, Merrick Garland, sparking outrage among the Democratic Party. Then-Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell justified his party’s actions based on what became known as the “McConnell Rule.” This controversial rule holds that during years of presidential elections, when the president and the Senate majority are of different parties, the Senate is not expected to confirm the president’s Supreme Court nominees; but, when the president and Senate majority are of the same party, vacancies may be filled. When the Senate applied this rule in 2020, the stakes were even higher. Revered liberal stalwart Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg passed away only 46 days before the 2020 presidential election. Invoking the McConnell Rule, the Republican-held Senate moved forward with the confirmation of President Trump’s nominee Amy Coney Barrett. This contentious move again infuriated Democrats, and the presidential campaign. Now that Justice Barrett has been appointed and the presidential election has passed, it is useful to look back on the history of Supreme Court nominations during presidential election years. Such a review suggests that the so-called McConnell Rule is rooted in valid historical precedent. In fact, viewed in light of American history, even a Trump lame duck nomination and confirmation would have been valid. This blog post argues that the Senate should distill this historical precedent into an explicit Rule of the Senate that will govern the chamber going forward. The rule should obligate the Senate to either (1) hold a vote to confirm the election-year or lame duck nominee, or (2) hold a vote to postpone action on the nomination. If a vote to postpone action on the nomination fails, the rule should then compel the Senate to hold a vote to confirm the nominee. Such a rule removes all doubt about the Senate’s authority to act or refuse to act on election-year and lame duck nominees, exposes unfounded threats of retaliation by minority parties, and best conforms to the Constitution.

Особливості перекладу англомовної фінансової термінології крізь призму метафоризації

The article is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of the translation of English financial terminology. It is emphasized that professional terminology as the main source of replenishment of vocabulary of general literary language arouses non-accidental interest of foreign language teachers in the methods of teaching translation of special texts and, accordingly, terms within the course „Foreign language for specific purposes”. The necessity of searching for new methods of teaching students professional vocabulary, the purpose of which would not be memorizing a certain lexical minimum, but the formation of skills of understanding the mechanisms underlying the formation of terms, is substantiated. It is proved that within the framework of the problem-activity approach to teaching a foreign language for specific purposes, an effective method of translating economic terms is to study their etymology through the prism of metaphorization, which is one of the most effective methods of term formation in the financial sphere of English. Analysis of financial terms of metaphorical origin, which describes human activity in the stock market within the framework of the metaphor „a man is an animal”, led to the conclusion that the most used names of animals that act as term-forming components in the process of metaphorizing the financial terminology of the English language are the words such as bull, bear, rabbit / hare, turtle, pig, ostrich, sheep, dog, stag, wolf, lame duck, whale, shark. It is proved that the formation of foreign language terminological literacy of students provides for the presentation of the studied material in the form of a conceptual model and a visual description of economic concepts based on prototypical ideas about animals. The study of the main features of the functioning of zoomorphic terms in specific English-language texts was carried out using terminological and explanatory dictionaries, as well as analytical reviews of financial markets.