Lamb Research Articles

Research advances on the origin, evolution and genetic diversity of Chinese native sheep breeds.

China has a rich resource of native sheep breeds, some of which possess specific traits such as prolificacy, excellent lamb pelts, multiple horns, fat tails and strong stress resistance. All these have been the focus of research. However, there is still a controversy about the origin of sheep breeds and a lack of comprehensive and systematic studies on genetic diversity of Chinese native sheep. In this review, we summarize recent research advances on the origin, evolution and genetic diversity of Chinese native sheep breeds based on paternal, maternal, and autosomal markers. This review will provide useful information for the conservation and utilization of sheep genetic resources, breeding of new sheep breeds and the sustainable development of Chinese sheep industry.

Data acquisition instrument based on Lamb wave gas sensor

Data acquisition instrument based on Lamb wave gas sensor

Analytical and numerical identification of lamb waves modes for hybrid composites

Analytical and numerical identification of lamb waves modes for hybrid composites

Effect of hygrothermal aging on GFRP composites in marine environment

In the present work, the effect of hygrothermal aging on the glass fibre and epoxy matrix interface has been investigated by destructive and non-destructive techniques. The glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite laminates were prepared using Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion Molding (VARIM) technique and the specimens were immersed in simulated seawater, followed by quantitative measurement. Besides this, the tensile tests of GFRP specimens revealed a general decrease in the properties with increasing aging time. Also, exposed specimens were characterized by a non-destructive ultrasonic guided Lamb wave propagation technique. The experimental results demonstrate a correlation between the drop in ultrasonic voltage amplitude and fall in tensile strength with increasing time of immersion. Hence, the comparison of the transmitted guided wave signal of healthy vis-a-vis specimens subjected to different extents of hygrothermal aging facilitated performance evaluation of GFRP composites.

Scurvy: The Disease of Discovery by Jonathan Lamb

Scurvy: The Disease of Discovery by Jonathan Lamb

Compositional Analysis Of Sungai Mas, Kuala Selinsing And Santubong Glass Beads

Sungai Mas, Kuala Selinsing or Pulau Kalumpang and Santubong are the name of the ports that existed since the early of the AD centuries where they played part as the port of accumulator and supplier and afterward, flourished to be a renowned entrepot port in the 5th or 6th A.D., especially Sungai Mas and Santubong. Sungai Mas and Santubong, for instance are not only the entrepot but also places where the socio-culture along with the science and technology evolved, shaped by the combination of the locals and foreign expertise. Amongst the expertise of the locals’ Malay on the area is the skill to produce products such as earthenware in a massive quantity since the early of the century. Abundance of raw material around Bujang Valley and Santubong allows local communities to master in smelting activities and producing products from iron ore. The skill that initially belongs to the foreigners but later mastered by the locals in these three locations is the technology to produced and manufactured Indo-Pacific glass bead. Abundance of Indo-Pacific glass beads and its raw materials are discovered in Sungai Mas, Kuala Selinsing and Santubong. Based on the absolute dating conducted for these sites show that Kuala Selinsing has been manufacturing their Indo-Pacific glass beads since 2nd A.D. meanwhile Selinsing and Santubong started in 6th AD. This is justified by the discovery of the archeological finding in raw form which is glass lump used in producing the glass bead and the composition study which shows a different composition material with glass bead from India. The raw materials of glass suggested by Alastair Lamb in 1966 came from the Middle Eastern of Mediterranean in form of glass fragments. It can be concluded that the basic in the science and technology enable the locals’ communities to master the foreign technology for their advantage on that time when the Indo-Pacific glass beads became an important commodity from 2nd A.D. to 11th A.D.

Effects of the pulmonary cross - clamping at different temperature on the fetal heart

Objective To determine the protective effects of mild hypothermia on the fetal heart of the pulmonary cross-clamping model. Methods Eighteen ewes at 120 to 140 days of gestation were randomly divided into hypothermic group (group H, n=6), normothermic group (group N, n=6) and control group (group C, n=6). We maintained the fetal temperature of the group N and group C at 39 ℃ by amniotic fluid bypass. We cooled and then maintained the group H fetuses at 32 ℃. All the fetuses in the 3 groups were performed sternotomy. Then the main pulmonary artery was cross-clamped in the group H and group N for 30 min. Fetuses in the group H were rewarmed to temperature of 39 ℃ after the release of the clamp. Fetal heart rate, blood pressure, plasma creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), and plasma cardiac troponin I (cTnI) were recorded before fetal sternotomy (T1), 30 min after pulmonary cross-clamping (T2), 1 h after the release of the cross-clamp (T3), and 2 h after the release of the cross-clamp (T4). Results All the mothers and the fetuses were alive in the 3 groups. The heart rate, blood pressure and blood gas data of the mothers were normal during the experiments. The heart rate and blood pressure among the 3 groups had no significant difference (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in plasma CK-MB among the 3 groups (P>0.05). The difference in plasma cTnI among the 3 groups was significant (P<0.05), and the group N had the highest mean value. The pathological and the ultrastructural exams of the fetal heart after the experiments showed that the structural changes in the group N were more significant than in the group H. Conclusion The fetal pulmonary cross-clamping model had significant influence on the fetal heart. Mild hypothermia created by amniotic fluid bypass could attenuate the lesions caused by the cross-clamping of the main pulmonary artery. Key words: Fetal lamb; Cardiac surgery; Hypothermia

Sin, Augustine, and Lamb

Sin, Augustine, and <i>Lamb</i>

Vaccination status of Lanzhou lamb rotavirus vaccine in children aged 2 months to 5 years in Changning District, Shanghai

Vaccination status of Lanzhou lamb rotavirus vaccine in children aged 2 months to 5 years in Changning District, Shanghai

The Ashgate Research Companion to the Sidneys, 1500–1700. Two volumes. Margaret P. Hannay, Michael G. Brennan, Mary Ellen Lamb, eds.

<i><i>The Ashgate Research Companion to the Sidneys, 1500–1700</i>. Two volumes</i>. Margaret P. Hannay, Michael G. Brennan, Mary Ellen Lamb, eds.

OC25.03: Mechanical extracorporeal support of the premature fetal lamb: Doppler echocardiography suggests replication of normal cardiovascular physiology

OC25.03: Mechanical extracorporeal support of the premature fetal lamb: Doppler echocardiography suggests replication of normal cardiovascular physiology

Fatty acid profile and lipid oxidation of lamb meat reared in arid area indoors and grazing outdoors in south west of Algeria

The aim of this study is to compare the fatty acid profile and flavor of lamb meats originating from grazing (A) and concentrate (C) diets. Twenty four lambs of Rumbi breed were used. One hundred and five days after rearing and slaughter process, left side samples of longissimus dorsi (LD) were taken from carcasses to be treated and analyzed. The fatty acids of lamb meat A and C were characterized respectively by 1.39 vs 0.41% of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA n-3) (p<0.001) and 3.59vs4.64% PUFA n-6 (p<0.05), 40.51vs46.95% of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and 54.45vs48.00% of saturated fatty acids (SFA). The n-6/n-3 and LA/ALA ratios were decreased significantly in meat from grazing than concentrate 3.20 vs 14.31 and 2.79 vs 12.08 respectively. The PUFA have a high propensity to oxidize, which in turn may affect lipid stability. The malondialdehyde (MDA) showed higher concentrations (31.11vs26.06 nmol.g -1 ) at all times of the oxidation kinetics in meat (A) than (C). Considering the consumers’ interest in organic food products, a special attention for better meat storage is necessary to reach good health benefits.

Use of incremental levels of dehydrated olive cake in lamb diets as an alternative for grazing systems in the central dryland area in Chile: The effect on carcass traits of Suffolk Down lambs

To evaluate increased levels of dehydrated olive cake (DOC) in lambs ration on main carcass traits, 40 Suffolk Down male lambs (75.8 ± 7.4 days of age, 24.5 ± 3.1 kg live weight) were randomly assigned to one of five treatment groups. Four experimental isoenergetic and isoproteic diets were used with different levels of DOC: 0, 16, 32 and 48%, and an un-weaned group were kept with their mothers on grazing. Lambs had 8 days of adaptation to the diets, which were gradually introduced along with good quality alfalfa hay. During 47 days of the experiment, the lambs were confined in individual pens (1.4 m 2 ) and subsequently slaughtered at 123 ± 7 days with an average live weight of 32.56 ± 2.62 kg. The live weight at slaughter (LWS), hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, commercial yield (CY), real dressing percentage (RDP), body components weight (blood, hide, head, legs, full and empty digestive tract, and viscera), rib eye area (REA), back fat thickness (BFT), renal pelvic fat weight, and commercial cutting yield (CCY) were recorded. Additionally, the tissue composition and its ratios were calculated from the shoulder and leg. The carcass traits, CY, RDP, and REA decreased and BFT increased with increasing amounts of DOC in the diet (P≤0.05). No significant differences (P>0.05) in CCY, tissue composition and ratios among the tissues of the shoulder and leg joints were detected. The addition of DOC to the diet did not affect the quality of the lamb carcass. Se evaluo la inclusion de alperujo deshidratado de oliva (ADO) en la racion de corderos sobre las principales caracteristicas de la canal, utilizando 40 corderos Suffolk Down (75,8 ± 7,4 dias de edad, 24,5 ± 3,1 kg peso vivo). ADO se incluyo en cuatro dietas: Dieta control con 0% ADO (DC), DC con 16, 32 y 48% ADO, mas un grupo a pastoreo que se mantuvo con sus madres. Durante el ensayo (47 dias), los corderos se mantuvieron en corrales individuales (1,4 m 2 ). Los corderos fueron sacrificados a los 123 ± 7 dias, y peso vivo promedio de 32,56 ± 2,62 kg. Al sacrificio se registro: peso vivo, peso de la canal caliente, peso de la canal fria, rendimiento comercial (RC), rendimiento verdadero de la canal (RV), peso de los componentes del cuerpo (sangre, piel, cabeza, piernas, el tracto digestivo lleno y vacio, y visceras), area del ojo del lomo (AOL), espesor de grasa dorsal (EGD), peso de grasa peri-renal y rendimiento de corte comercial (RCC). Adicionalmente, en espaldilla (E) y pierna (P) se estudiaron los componentes del tejido (CT) y sus proporciones (PT). El incremento de ADO en la dieta causo una disminucion de RC, RV y AOL y un aumento de EGD (P 0,05) en RCC, ni en CT y PT de H y P. La adicion de ADO a dietas de corderos, en los niveles utilizados en este trabajo, no afecto la calidad de la canal de cordero.

Wasp Bite Induced Angioedema and its Management in a Lamb

Wasp Bite Induced Angioedema and its Management in a Lamb

Preferences associated with American lamb quality in retail & foodservice markets

Preferences associated with American lamb quality in retail & foodservice markets

Compressive Sampling Based on Wavelet Analysis for Lamb Wave Signals in Wireless Structural Health Monitoring

In the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) for structural health monitoring (SHM), data compression is often used to reduce the cost of data transfer and storage, because of the large amounts of original data acquired from the monitoring system. Traditionally, we firstly sample the full signal and then compress it. However, the traditional approach for data compression will cause a lot of computing resources and energy loss on sensor nodes. Recently, a new data compression method named compressive sampling (CS) which acquires data in compressed form directly by using special sensors has been presented. In this work, we established a suitability CS approach for lamb wave signals in wireless SHM. For reconstruction of the signal, different wavelet orthogonal bases are examined. The lamb wave data acquired from the SHM system of LF- 21M aviation antirust aluminum plate is used to analyze the data compression ability of CS. Through the experimental demonstration, the application of this method could ensure the accuracy of the data as well as balance the network energy consumption. And it can also reduce the cost of data storage and transmission.

Gertrude H. Lamb, 1918–2015, AHIP, FMLA.

Gertrude H. Lamb, 1918–2015, AHIP, FMLA.

Lamb Waves in Plates Subjected to Uniaxial Stresses

Authors : Munawwar Mohabuth, Andrei Kotousov, Ching-Tai Ng Abstract : On the basis of the finite deformation theory, the effect of homogeneous stress on the propagation of Lamb waves in an initially isotropic hyperelastic plate is analysed. The equations governing the propagation of small amplitude waves in the prestressed plate are derived using the theory of small deformations superimposed on large deformations. By enforcing traction free boundary conditions at the upper and lower surfaces of the plate, acoustoelastic dispersion equations for Lamb wave propagation are obtained, which are solved numerically. Results are given for an aluminum plate subjected to a range of applied stresses.

Foreign body traumatic hepatitis in a lamb

A wide range of foreign bodies were reported to occur in the gastrointestinal tract of large and small ruminants (Remi-Adewunmi et al., 2004) which may result in indigestion, development of toxaemic condition and ultimately death. A case of mortality due to traumatic hepatitis associated with severe pneumonia in a lamb caused by accidental ingestion of a neem twig is presented.

Performance of Some Variables Used as a Procedure for Estimating Sexual Capacity (Fertility) of the Ram

The diameter of the ram testis is affected by seasonality and is associated with testosterone concentrations, presented a high correlation with the volume and sperm concentration. Selection for fertility in sheep can be accomplished through selecting for correlated traits in young rams such as age, testes size, testes length etc. The study was carried out to evaluate some parameters (testis length, testis width, testicular circumference, live weight) related with ram fertility and the qualities of ram semen in different age groups. The study was conducted in a farm located in Cluj County, on 20 rams of the breed Turcana Alba, grouped according to age into 4 batches. Weekly an ejaculate and the mentioned variables were measured. Semen samples were collected from each animal using an electro-ejaculator. There is a direct relationship between animals age and testicular circumference, testis length, testis width. With increase in age, ram showed increase percentages of motility and viability of sperm in all studied batches. Normal sperm percentage of one 1.5 aged ram was lower while higher results were obtained in the other three groups. In the present research work testicular diameter, normal and viable spermatozoa were optimum in batch 3 than the first and second one. As age increased, semen quality improved and stabilized at the age of 3.5 and 5 years. The results showed that the testicular measurements can be a criteria for early selection of ram lamb.