Lama Lake Research Articles

Contribution to butterfly fauna (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea) of Putorana plateau in the eastern part of Lama Lake in Krasnoyarskii Krai of Russia

Contribution to butterfly fauna (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea) of Putorana plateau in the eastern part of Lama Lake in Krasnoyarskii Krai of Russia

Public Environmental Monitoring of the Quality of Water Bodies in Norilsk and Taimyr

The problem of environmental pollution and degradation of all elements of ecosystems is becoming more and more urgent. Therefore, the main purpose of the work is to monitor the quality of water bodies. The objects of the research were Norilsk, Kayerkan, Talnakh, Dudinka, and Lama Lake. The study was conducted in August-September 2019. The work investigated the organoleptic characteristics of water bodies: smell, color, turbidity, salt content, pH, alkalinity, hardness, SO42-, COD. Organoleptic, visual, potentiometric, titrimetric methods were used as research methods. The work identified the causes of odor, turbidity, the color of the water; an evaluation scale for determining organoleptic indicators is given. The color of the water was determined by comparing samples of the test liquid with solutions that imitate the color of natural water. The categories of water salinity are revealed. It was found that the hardness and odor of the water samples did not exceed the norm. The acidic pH is highest on the Ambarnaya River at two sampling points and also on the Daldykan River. It was concluded that the ecological situation in the region requires the adoption of serious measures since the level of pollution of water bodies in many respects exceeds the norm.

Growth of a sinkhole in a seismic zone of the northern Apennines (Italy)

Abstract. Sinkhole collapse is a major hazard causing substantial social and economic losses. However, the surface deformations and sinkhole evolution are rarely recorded, as these sites are known mainly after a collapse, making the assessment of sinkhole-related hazard challenging. Furthermore, more than 40 % of the sinkholes of Italy are in seismically hazardous zones; it remains unclear whether seismicity may trigger sinkhole collapse. Here we use a multidisciplinary data set of InSAR, surface mapping and historical records of sinkhole activity to show that the Prà di Lama lake is a long-lived sinkhole that was formed in an active fault zone and grew through several events of unrest characterized by episodic subsidence and lake-level changes. Moreover, InSAR shows that continuous aseismic subsidence at rates of up to 7.1 mm yr−1 occurred during 2003–2008, between events of unrest. Earthquakes on the major faults near the sinkhole do not trigger sinkhole activity but low-magnitude earthquakes at 4–12 km depth occurred during sinkhole unrest in 1996 and 2016. We interpret our observations as evidence of seismic creep at depth causing fracturing and ultimately leading to the formation and growth of the Prà di Lama sinkhole.

Лесоводственный и дендроклиматический анализ состояния насаждений лиственницы Гмелина западной части плато Путорана

The results of the silvicultural analysis of characteristics and condition of Gmelin larch stands and other components phytocoenosis in various site conditions: Larch sphagnum-ledum (slopes of the northern and southern exposure) and Larch alder (intermontane site) in the upper reaches of Lama lake (Putorana plateau). In the surveyed stands dominated by trees 150-200 years old. Plantings on the northern slopes are in satisfactory sanitary condition, stable, perform basic environmental functions. Sanitary condition of stands on the slopes of southern exposure - is not satisfactory.

Is the 20th century warming unprecedented in the Siberian north?

To answer the question “Has the recent warming no analogues in the Siberian north?” we analyzed larch tree samples (Larix gmelinii Rupr.) from permafrost zone in the eastern Taimyr (TAY) (72°N, 102°E) using tree-ring and stable isotope analyses for the Climatic Optimum Period (COP) 4111–3806 BC and Medieval Warm Period (MWP) 917–1150 AD, in comparison to the recent period (RP) 1791–2008 AD.We developed a description of the climatic and environmental changes in the eastern Taimyr using tree-ring width and stable isotope (δ13C, δ18O) data based on statistical verification of the relationships to climatic parameters (temperature and precipitation).Additionally, we compared our new tree-ring and stable isotope data sets with earlier published July temperature and precipitation reconstructions inferred from pollen data of the Lama Lake, Taimyr Peninsula, δ18O ice core data from Akademii Nauk ice cap on Severnaya Zemlya (SZ) and δ18O ice core data from Greenland (GISP2), as well as tree-ring width and stable carbon and oxygen isotope data from northeastern Yakutia (YAK).We found that the COP in TAY was warmer and drier compared to the MWP but rather similar to the RP. Our results indicate that the MWP in TAY started earlier and was wetter than in YAK. July precipitation reconstructions obtained from pollen data of the Lama Lake, oxygen isotope data from SZ and our carbon isotopes in tree cellulose agree well and indicate wetter climate conditions during the MWP.Consistent large-scale patterns were reflected in significant links between oxygen isotope data in tree cellulose from TAY and YAK, and oxygen isotope data from SZ and GISP2 during the MWP and the RP.Finally, we showed that the recent warming is not unprecedented in the Siberian north. Similar climate conditions were recorded by tree-rings, stable isotopes, pollen, and ice core data 6000 years ago.

The Younger Dryas in the Neotropics: paleoecological evidence from Venezuela

A continuous lacustrine sequence from the western part of Lama Lake (69°32′N, 90°12′E), complemented by a peat sequence from the lake catchment provides the first detailed environmental reconstruction for the Late Glacial and Holocene on the Taymyr Peninsula. Scarce steppe-like communities with Artemisia, Poaceae, and Cyperaceae dominated during the Late Glacial. Tundra-like communities with Betula nana, Dryas, and Salix grew on more mesic sites. There are distinct climatic signals, which may be correlated with the Bølling and Allerød warming and Middle and Younger Dryas cooling. The Late Glacial/Preboreal transition, at about 10,000 14C yr BP, was characterized by changes from predominantly open herb communities to shrub tundra ones. Larch forest might have been established as early as 9700–9600 14C yr BP, whilst shrub alder came to the area ca 9500–9400 14C yr BP, and spruce did not reach area before ca 9200 14C yr BP. Spruce-larch forests with shrub alder and tree birch dominated the vegetation around the Lama Lake from ca 9000 14C yr BP. Dwarf birch communities were also broadly distributed. The role of spruce in the forest gradually decreased after 4500 14C yr BP. The vegetation cover in the Lama Lake area became similar to the modern larch-spruce forest ca 2500 14C yr BP. A pollen-based biome reconstruction supports a quantitative interpretation of the pollen spectra. Climate reconstructions obtained with information-statistical and plan-functional-type methods show very similar trends in reconstructed July temperature since ca 12,300 14C yr BP, while precipitation anomalies are less coherent, especially during the Late Glacial–Holocene transition.

Vegetation and climate changes around the Lama Lake, Taymyr Peninsula, Russia during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene

A continuous lacustrine sequence from the western part of Lama Lake (69°32′N, 90°12′E), complemented by a peat sequence from the lake catchment provides the first detailed environmental reconstruction for the Late Glacial and Holocene on the Taymyr Peninsula. Scarce steppe-like communities with Artemisia, Poaceae, and Cyperaceae dominated during the Late Glacial. Tundra-like communities with Betula nana, Dryas, and Salix grew on more mesic sites. There are distinct climatic signals, which may be correlated with the Bølling and Allerød warming and Middle and Younger Dryas cooling. The Late Glacial/Preboreal transition, at about 10,000 14C yr BP, was characterized by changes from predominantly open herb communities to shrub tundra ones. Larch forest might have been established as early as 9700–9600 14C yr BP, whilst shrub alder came to the area ca 9500–9400 14C yr BP, and spruce did not reach area before ca 9200 14C yr BP. Spruce-larch forests with shrub alder and tree birch dominated the vegetation around the Lama Lake from ca 9000 14C yr BP. Dwarf birch communities were also broadly distributed. The role of spruce in the forest gradually decreased after 4500 14C yr BP. The vegetation cover in the Lama Lake area became similar to the modern larch-spruce forest ca 2500 14C yr BP. A pollen-based biome reconstruction supports a quantitative interpretation of the pollen spectra. Climate reconstructions obtained with information-statistical and plan-functional-type methods show very similar trends in reconstructed July temperature since ca 12,300 14C yr BP, while precipitation anomalies are less coherent, especially during the Late Glacial–Holocene transition.

Impact of early diagenesis and bulk particle grain size distribution on estimates of relative geomagnetic palaeointensity variations in sediments from Lama Lake, northern Central Siberia

Summary High-resolution analyses of rock magnetic and sedimentological parameters were conducted on an 11 m long sediment core from Lama Lake, Northern Siberia, which encompasses the late Pleistocene and the Holocene epochs. The results reveal a strong link between the median grain size of the magnetic particles, identified as magnetite, and the oxidation state of the sediment. Reducing conditions associated with a relative high total organic carbon (TOC) content of the sediment characterize the upper 7 m of the core (≈ Holocene), and these have led to a partial dissolution of detrital magnetite grains, and a homogenization of grain-size-related rock magnetic parameters. The anoxic sediments are characterized by significantly larger median magnetic grain sizes, as indicated, for example, by lower median destructive fields of the natural remanent magnetization (MDFNRM) and lower ratios of saturation remanence to saturation magnetization (MSR/MS). Consequently, estimates of relative geomagnetic palaeointensity variations yielded large amplitude shifts associated with anoxic/oxic boundaries. Despite the partial reductive dissolution of magnetic particles within the anoxic section, and consequent minimal variations in magnetic concentration and grain size, palaeointensity estimates for this part of the core were still lithologically distorted by the effects of particle size (and subsidiary TOC) variations. Anomalously high values coincide with an interval of significantly more fine-grained sediment, which is also associated with a decrease in TOC content, which may thus imply a decreased level of magnetite dissolution in this interval. Calculation of relative palaeointensity estimates therefore seems to be compromised by a combined effect of shifts in the particle size distribution of the bulk sediment and by partial magnetite dissolution varying in association with the TOC content of the sediment.

Land-Ocean Systems in the Siberian Arctic, Dynamics and History

Land-Ocean Systems in the Siberian Arctic, Dynamics and History

A rock magnetic record from Lama Lake, Taymyr Peninsula, northern Central Siberia

An 11 m long sediment core ftorn Lama Lake, Northern Siberia, has been subjected to intense sedimentological, geochemical and rock magnetic analyses. According to a palynologic investigation the recovered sediments cover the whole Holocene and the late Pleistocene reaching back to about 17 ka. IRM acquisition experiments, hysteresis loop and back field as well as thermomagnetic measurements revealed magnetite in the pseudo-single domain range as the only remanence carrier. Sharp rock magnetic boundaries occur at 20 and 745 cm sub-bottom depth that are clearly linked to shifts in the median grain size of the magnetite. These boundaries are close to the present boundaries that bracket an anoxic zone between the subrecent and a late Pleistocene oxic section of the sediments. Within the anoxic section, magnetites are characterized by significantly larger median grain sizes but within a very narrow grain size range. The shift from fine grained magnetite within the oxic sediments to coarse grained magnetite is interpreted as the result of dissolution of the finest magnetite grains within the anoxic sediments. A significant shift of the Ti/Fe-ratio of the bulk sediment at a sub-bottom depth of 735 cm does not correspond to thermomagnetic properties, i.e. Curie-temperatures do not follow the variable Ti-content of the sediment.

Lithological and biochemical properties in sediments of Lama Lake as indicators for the late Pleistocene and Holocene ecosystem development of the southern Taymyr Peninsula, Central Siberia

Lithological and biochemical properties in sediments of Lama Lake as indicators for the late Pleistocene and Holocene ecosystem development of the southern Taymyr Peninsula, Central Siberia

Lithological and biochemical properties in sediments of Lama Lake as indicators for the late Pleistocene and Holocene ecosystem development of the southern Taymyr Peninsula, Central Siberia

In order to evaluate the sensitivity of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems to climatic changes, lithological (sediment structure and color, grain size, physical properties) and biochemical (TOC, TOC/TN, δ13C of TOC and carbonates) investigations were carried out on an 11.12 m‐long sediment core from Lama Lake (Central Siberia, Putorana Plateau). According to the pollen data, the sequence represents the termination of the Pleistocene, and the entire Holocene. It is composed of highly terrigenous and stratified clays and silts. Sediment structure, grain‐size distribution, carbonate contents and physical properties of the sediment indicate that glaciers were present in the catchment area of Lama Lake during the period Oldest Dryas to AllerØd. For the same time period, δ13C values of TOC give indications of a perennial ice cover. Since the AllerØd, organic matter accumulation has increased, caused by an increasing input of land vegetation and aquatic primary production as revealed by relations TOC contents, TOC/TN ratios and δ13C values of TOC. During the Holocene climatic optimum, in late Preboreal and Boreal times, biogenic primary production in Lama Lake reached its maximum and the vegetation in the catchment area changed from grassy tundra to a dense forest. From the Atlantic period to the present, small variations in δ13C values of TOC and TOC contents are probably related to the location of Lama Lake on the border between grass and wooded steppe, leading to responses of environmental conditions to even small changes in climate.

Late- and post-glacial vegetation and climate history of the south-western Taymyr Peninsula, central Siberia, as revealed by pollen analysis of a core from Lake Lama

On the Taymyr Peninsula and Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago, Central Siberia, a joint German/Russian multidisciplinary research project focuses on the Late Quaternary history of climate and environment. Within the scope of this project, palynological studies were carried out on a 10.8-m core from Lama Lake, situated in the south-west of the research area. The core, which did not reach the base of the lacustrine sediments, reveals the vegetation and climate history of the last 17 000 years and demonstrates that this area was not glaciated during that time. The Pleistocene/Holocene transition is, as elsewhere in the northern hemisphere, characterized by increased temperatures during the Bolling, Allerod and Preboreal with interruptions during the Older (post-Bolling) and Younger Dryas events. The Holocene climate optimum at Lama Lake probably occurred within the Boreal period, when dense larch forests developed. The Atlantic period was characterized by warm conditions that favoured the establishment of larch-spruce forests, though a climatic deterioration is also recorded. During the Subboreal, spruce fluctuated in importance, on the basis of which it is suggested that there were two cool periods with an intervening warm period. Since 3000 B.P., the climate has become considerably cooler and forests have degenerated. During the last 1000 years, unfavourable climate conditions have resulted in a forest tundra and widespread tundra communities developing in the Lama Lake region.