Lake Tondano Research Articles

Tondano Lake Management - Environmental Issues and Integrated Counter Measurements

Tondano Lake Management - Environmental Issues and Integrated Counter Measurements

Sedimentation Analysis Study in Lake Tondano Due to the Development of the Surrounding Area

Background Population growth has increased the need for food, putting great pressure on the environment. This has triggered economic development and land use alternation, which have a major impact on the hydrological cycle. Natural and human factors have impacted the water catchment area of uncontrolled land cover changes in Lake Tondano, which is shallow from a depth of 36 meters to 14 meters due to soil erosion. Objective This research emphasizes the assessment of the lake, considering the efforts of conservation and analyzing its influence on the erosion rate and shallowing of the lake. The impact of land use dynamics on sedimentation is essential in providing alternative efforts for land conservation and, subsequently, optimum utilization. Methods The analyzing process requires rainfall data and land use maps, including soil type maps and land slope data, while the process itself is assisted by spreadsheets and GIS. In addition, the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR) model deliver the expected result of the total sediment production entering the lake. Results The calculated total value of actual sediment production governs the thickness of sediment deposition at the bottom of the lake. Conclusion The research concludes that the thickness of sediment deposition at lake bottom can be resolved by the total value of actual sediment production, whereas the value is analyzed from the USLE and SDR models previously correlated to bathymetry measurement.

Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Manajemen Operasional Dilengkapi dengan Penjualan Sparepart pada Bengkel MJM

MJM is a leading workshop in Malang that focuses on car repairs and is known for its reliable reputation and quality service on Jl. Lake Tondano Raya F5/A26, Sawojajar. These workshops offer a variety of services, from engine to car body repairs, which makes manual transactions difficult and time-consuming due to increased service and cost complexity. This research aims to simplify transaction and operational processes in MJM workshops by developing supporting applications that include recording customer transactions, spare parts stock management, monitoring employee attendance, and mechanic payroll. The information technology provided can improve service quality, optimize operations, strengthen competitiveness, enable a sustainable approach, increase data accuracy, and support more timely decisions. The methodology used is waterfall, which follows a certain flow process starting from requirements analysis, planning, design, software development, testing, to the maintenance stage. The research focus is on the initial development of the system to ensure that the system functions well in the maintenance phase. The Operational Management Information System designed for MJM workshops includes important features such as recording spare parts, purchase and sale transactions for spare parts, service and car wash transactions, stock taking records, management of damaged or lost goods, stock cards, cash flow, and reports. transaction. This system is expected to reduce manual errors, provide better service, and improve overall operational performance.

Rice land agroecosystem in supporting the development potential of duck-rice integration

The agroecosystem of paddy fields in the Tondano Lake area was an environmental system that has been managed directly by farmers for the benefit of food production, namely rice, fiber and various other food products such as ducks. The types of commodities that can be developed in paddy field ecosystems were more limited than those in dry land ecosystems. In fact, the farmer community in paddy fields generally had weak capabilities, especially with regard to capital, there was a rice farming culture that is not aware of damaging the environment and low technology adoption. Farmers use paddy fields for the development of duck livestock. The problem was how far the paddy field agroecosystem supports the potential for the development of duck-rice integration (INTIP). The purpose of this study was to analyze the biophysical characteristics, management of land resources and duck livestock resources. The research method used was a survey method with locations around Lake of Tondano. The number of respondents was 30 farmers who developed local ducks in paddy fields. Data analysis used was descriptive analysis. The results showed that the area of rice fields in District of Remboken was 323 Ha, South Tondano was 457 Ha, West Kakas was 664 Ha, East Langowan was 663 Ha and West Tondano was 693 Ha. The population of ducks for the five districts was respectively 8177 ducks, 6525, 4311, 4277 and 9240 ducks. Paddy fields are used as duck grazing land after the rice harvest. The feed consumed was the remains of rice that has fallen out, small animals in the fields after harvest and added with “renga”. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that duck had the potential to be developed in paddy fields with agroecosystems that were only planted with rice plants.

Profit Analysis of Laying Ducks Farming Surrounding Tondano Lake, North Sulawesi-Indonesia

Duck is one of the poultry commodities. It produces meat and eggs, which is beneficial to satisfy the needs for animal protein and economic value in increasing family income. Meanwhile, conch can increase the productivity of duck eggs, and it is a relatively cheap source of feed, and widely available in Lake Tondano. The research aims to describe the laying ducks farming and analyze the advantages of laying ducks farming surrounding Lake Tondano, North Sulawesi. The research was conducted in April-June 2023. It used a purposive sampling method to determine the respondents. The general raising system was the same, such as grazing, but it had differences in capital, production costs, revenue, and profits between farmers. The 1st type of laying ducks farming using ready-laying ducks was more profitable (R/C = 1.59) than the 2nd type of laying ducks farming using day-old-ducks (R/C = 1.48). However, this benefit would be greater if the expensed labor was waived.

Hydroelectric Power Generation System in Tanggari (PLTA Tanggari 2)

The research objective of PLTA Tanggari 2 is to understand and analyze the hydropower system from energy generation to distribution to end consumers, both households and industries. This research aims to improve the efficiency and performance of the entire electricity generation and distribution system. The research methodology used in making this journal is to collect sources or information related to the topic of discussion, namely hydroelectric power plants. The study explores the utilization of hydropower in the Tondano watershed to address electricity needs in North Sulawesi. Tanggari 2 Hydropower Plant exemplifies this by harnessing the potential and kinetic energy of water through a dam on the Tondano River. With an extensive watershed area of 4,700 hectares and Lake Tondano at its core, this system is optimized to efficiently generate electricity for the entire region. The input-output dynamics of hydropower plants are crucial, detailing how water flow drives turbines, ultimately leading to electrical output. This research underscores the potential of watershed utilization as an accessible, economical, and sustainable energy source for broader regional electrification endeavors. The implications of this research extend to enhancing understanding and analysis of water-based power generation systems, from energy production to distribution to end consumers. By improving the efficiency and performance of these systems, there is a significant potential for sustainable energy solutions that can benefit both households and industries in the broader regional context of North Sulawesi.

Development of Science Learning E-Module with Online Media on Water Pollution Matter in Lake Tondano

Water pollution in Lake Tondano is closely related to science subjects in junior high school on environmental pollution matter. This research aims to produce science learning e-modules on water pollution in Lake Tondano with online media that are feasible and effective. This type of development research refers to the Borg and Gall development model. Data collection techniques used interviews, questionnaires, and tests. The research instruments used interview sheets, product validation questionnaires, product practicality questionnaires, and learning outcomes tests. The results showed that: (1) the validity test by learning media experts obtained a score of 94%, included in the very valid category (no need for revision); (2) the validity test by material experts showed a score of 91% included in the very valid category (no need for revision); (3) limited trials in small groups showed a score of 88% included in the very practical category; and (4) the average score of student learning outcomes of 77% included in the effective category. Based on the research that has been conducted, the science e-module with online media on water pollution material in Lake Tondano is declared feasible and effective for students to use.

ANÁLISE DE ESTRATÉGIAS DE GESTÃO DO ECOSSISTEMA DO LAGO TONDANO NO NORTE SULAWESI, INDONÉSIA USANDO MÉTODOS SWOT E AHP

Purpose: The study aimed to analyze strategies for managing the ecosystem of Lake Tondano to prepare a medium-term plan for its management. Theoretical Framework: The Lake Tondano ecosystem has important economic and ecological functions for the economy and welfare of the people in North Sulawesi Province. The quality of the lake ecosystem continues to decline including water pollution, siltation of the lake, shrinkage of the area and other uses that do not consider aspects of ecosystem sustainability. Method: The analysis method used a combination of SWOT and AHP, with stakeholder participation. Data was obtained through literature study and focus group discussions (FGD) involving both formal and informal stakeholders. Results: The AHP analysis results indicate that simultaneous impact criteria are the main criteria for determining priority strategies. Conclusions: Thirteen strategies were formulated based on the SWOT analysis. The medium-term plan's management priority strategies have been determined based on the results of the AHP analysis. These strategies include: (1) Controlling the level of water pollution and household waste, (2) Revitalizing the lake, (3) Developing institutions for integrated lake ecosystem management, and (4) Planning the spatial layout of the lakes and their boundaries.

Forest and Land Rehabilitation Planning Based on Land Capacity of The Lake Tondano Catchment Area

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dan mengembangkan alternatif rehabilitasi hutan dan lahan (RHL) berdasarkankemampuan lahan di daerah tangkapan air (DTA) Danau Tondano. Metode evaluasi kemampuan lahan menggunakanpedoman intensitas faktor penghambat yaitu faktor lereng, drainase dan laju infiltrasi dan dianalisis denganmenggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Sedangkan arahan penggunaan lahan yang ideal pada setiapkemampuan lahan sebagai dasar perencanaan. Hasil analisis spasial diperoleh data luas masing-masing kelaskemampuan lahan sebagai berikut : kelas kemampuan I seluas 2.041,13 ha (11,05 %), lahan kelas II seluas 348,35 ha(1,89 %), lahan kelas III seluas 5.681,27 ha (30,76 %), lahan kelas IV seluas 7.107,37 ha (38,49 %), lahan kelas Vseluas 475,23 ha (2,57 %) lahan kelas VI seluas 957,98 ha ( 5,19 %), lahan kelas VII seluas 1.125,2 ha (6,09%) danlahan kelas VIII seluas 730,58 ha ( 3,96 %). Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi penggunaan lahan menurut kelampuan lahansaat ini maka dikembangkan arahan RHL sebagai berikut : sekitar 85 % wilayah DTA danau Tondano tergolong dalamkelas kemampuan lahan I sampai kelas V, lahan tersebut dikembangkan sebagai lahan pertanian intensif dengankonservasi tanah pengembangan pertanian organik dalam berbagai variasi implementasi. Selanjutnya sekitar 15 %lainnya dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai kawasan pertanian terbatas dengan tindakan konservasi tanah berupapenyempurnaan sistem agroforestry, pengembangan agroforestry berbasis tanaman cengkih yang tertata ataupengembangan hutan serbaguna pada kawasan hutan lindung dan hutan produksi dengan tanaman penghasil hasilhutan non kayu (aren, bambu) dan jasa lingkungan.

Pengembangan Potensi Wisata Sumaru Endo Kabupaten Minahasa: Analisis Daya Tarik, Aksesibilitas, dan Kunjungan Wisatawan

The research aims to determine how to develop attractiveness, accessibility, facilities, infrastructure, promotion, and increase tourist visits. Research methods with qualitative descriptive methods. Data collection by interviews, observation, and documentation. The results showed that the tourist attraction of Sumaru Endo is the panorama of Lake Tondano. The potential that can be developed is hot springs and water tourism and lodging. Some facilities and infrastructure have been damaged and reduced security. The existence of tourist attractions can add to the economy of the community. The accessibility of tourist attractions is quite good but constrained by the absence of public transportation. Tourism promotion has not been fully carried out optimally. It is necessary to develop tourism services and tourist attractions so that tourist activities are more varied. How to increase visits is done by reducing entrance ticket prices, improving facilities and infrastructure, and promotions.

Profil Vertikal dan Luas Bidang Dinamika Harian Gradien Suhu Air Danau Tondano di Lokasi Budidaya dan Luar Lokasi Budidaya Ikan

This study aims to determine the temporal and spatial function of water temperature and the function of the dynamics of Lake Tondano water temperature gradient. This research method was carried out on two transects, namely at the cultivation site and outside the fish farming site. By taking data at nine different depth positions for 24 hours. Measurement time starts at 05:00 am to 05:00 am, with a time interval of 2 hours. Measurement positions according to vertical distance from the top of the water surface are 0 cm, 10 cm, 30 cm, 60 cm, 100 cm, 150 cm, 220 cm, 300 cm and 400 cm. Data processing is done by arranging the data format in matrix form, then analyzed using a program or software that includes temporal and spatial functions, functions and area of the gradient dynamics field. The results of this study show mathematical modeling that produces a continuous function of temporal and spatial changes in microclimate variables that allow the development of new parameters, namely water temperature gradient dynamics. The study was conducted on two different transects with lake ecosystem and environmental conditions that showed that the area of the field formed by the daily dynamics curve of the water temperature gradient was different for both transects.

Risk Potential Analysis Using Hazard Identication, Risk Assessment and Determine Control (HIRADC) and Job Safety Analysis (JSA) Methods

Lake Tondano Revitalization Project Phase I located in Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province which is a program of the North Sulawesi Provincial Government, namely the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing in the field of Water Resources (SDA). Lake Tondano Revitalization Project Phase I is a semi-automated project, where the tools used are still controlled by humans who have a high level of potential danger and risk. So it requires very careful supervision to prevent hazards that might cause potential hazards that have an adverse impact during and after construction to reduce the impact caused by the risk. The methods used in this study are Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Determaine Control (HIRADC) and Job Safety Analysis (JSA) methods. Data collection is carried out by observation, interviews and questionnaire distribution. The results showed that at the stage of identifying potential risks there were 233 potential risks from 9 works in the Lake Tondano Revitalization Project Phase I. The results of the risk assessment that have been carried out using the risk matrix are not very high risk level, high risk level there are 51 potential risks, risk level there are 64 potential risks and low risk there are 118 potential risks and risk control using the HIRADC method involves a hierarchical approach to risk control, namely elimination, substitution, engineering, administration and PPE (personal protective equipment) to get changes in the level of risk in each type of work including no very high risk level, high risk level as many as 4 potential risks, medium risk levels obtained as many as 73 potential risks and low risk there are 156 potential risks and control on risks that have the highest level of risk is to plan JSA in accordance with work procedures in the field by breaking down potential risks into steps and given overall risk control recommendations from each work in the Lake Tondano Revitalization project Phase I. In an effort to create zero accident division K3 or HSE (health, safety and environment) in order to conduct strict supervision and discipline on occupational safety and health supervision in order to avoid potential risks that will occur in the project to be worked on.

Relationship Between Length and Weight and Habitat Conditions of Several Fish Species in Tondano Lake, Minahasa, North Sulawesi

The snake-head gudgeon or payangka fish (Ophieleotris aporos), tilapia fish or mujair (Oreochromis mossambicus), and marble goby or betutu fish (Oxyeleotris marmorata) are economically important fish in Lake Tondano. However, numerous community activities can disrupt aquatic biodiversity, declining Lake Tondano environmental conditions, and other factors. This study aimed to determine the relationship between length and weight and the habitat conditions of Ophieleotris aporos, Oreochromis mossambicus, and Oxyeleotris marmorata. The method used in this study was purposive sampling with research stations located at Remboken (station 1), Kakas (station 2), and Tondano Estuary (station 3). Sampling was carried out 5 times in every 10 days. The weight and length of the fishes caught in Lake Tondano were 2-60 g and 1-8 cm (Ophieleotris aporos); 9-180 g and 6-25.5 cm (Oreochromis mossambicus); and 16-30 g and 2.6-26.5 cm (Oxyeletotris marmorata), all of them have an allometric growth pattern. Oreochromis mossambicus is the most commonly caught fish in all research stations. The research station with the best level of water fertility is Remboken Station. The habitat characteristic of Lake Tondano was 25-290C of water temperature; brightness of 1.34-2.66 m; depth of 4.23-11.8 m; pH of 6.7-7.8; and dissolved oxygen of 2.27-6.31 mg/L, which still supports the well-being of the fish.

Feasibility Study of Biology Learning Media with Life Skill Approach, Community Science and Technology Based on the Results of Lake Tondano Biodiversity Research

Feasibility Study of Biology Learning Media with Life Skill Approach, Community Science and Technology Based on the Results of Lake Tondano Biodiversity Research

Growth of Betutu fish (Oxyeleotris marmorata BLEEKER, 1852) in Tondano Lake, North Sulawesi

The introduction of non-natural species to new environments is one of the main factors reducing and extinction of local diversity. The purpose of this study was to analyze the growth of betutu fish (Oxyeleotris marmorata Bleeker, 1852) in Tondano Lake. This research was conducted using a purposive sampling method, fish samples were obtained from the catch in a time series every month, sampling using gill nets at five stations and calculating fish growth based on the frequency of total length measurements. Data were analyzed using FiSAT II software. The results showed that the growth of the betutu fish was relatively fast in terms of the growth coefficient (K) value obtained of 1,700 per year so that the breeding of this fish was increasingly dominant compared to the growth of local fish.

EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN EKSPLORATIF TENTANG KONSEP DAN PROSES FISIKA DI PERMUKAAN AIR DANAU TONDANO

Explorative learning about the concepts and processes of physics on the water surface of Lake Tondano is an example of the process of learning physics by utilizing the natural surroundings as a learning object. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of exploratory learning about the concepts and processes of physics on the water surface of Lake Tondano. The method used in this research is pre-experimental research with one group pretest-posttest design. This research was conducted through three stages. The first stage is to give a pretest to measure the students' initial abilities. The second stage is to give treatment (treatment) through exploratory learning and the third stage is to give a posttest as a learning evaluation. The research subjects are 2nd-year students at the Manado State University Physics Education Study Program 2021/2022. After obtaining the research data that was processed statistically with the help of SPSS 22.0 for windows. The average pretest result is 51.00 and the posttest result is 90.62. Obtaining N-Gain scores from each student, there are as many as 13 students (overall) in the high N-Gain category with a percentage of 100%. The results of this research that explorative learning about physics concepts and processes on the water surface of Lake Tondano is effectively applied in the physics learning process.

GASTROPODE DIVERSITY IN LAKE TONDANO AREA, NORTH SULAWESI, INDONESIA

The diversity of gastropod species is influenced by different substrates, environmental conditions, and human activities, so it is necessary to research the diversity of gastropod species in Lake Tondano. This study aims to obtain data on the diversity of gastropod species that live around Lake Tondano. The study was conducted in May 2022. The collection of research data on the diversity of gastropods in Lake Tondano begins by dividing the research area into five stations. Each station forms a Line transect of about 50 meters x 10 meters. At each line transect, 10 points will be determined in a zigzag manner for observation and sampling. The determination of the sample is carried out by purposive sampling. The gastropod samples will be identified and then documented, and the number will be recorded. Gastropods found around Lake Tondano are Achatinidae (Achatina fulica), Station 1: -, Station 2: -, Station 3: 1, Station 4: 1, Station 5: 1. Ampullariidae (Pila Ampullacea), Station 1 :173, Station 2 : -, Station 3: 73, Station 4: 117, Station 5: 57. Potamididae (Tylomeliana toradjarum), Station 1: 321, Station 2:2, Station 3: 123, Station 4: 3, Station 5 :-. Viviparidae (F. Javanica/ Filopaludina Javanica), Station 1: 85, Station 2: 161, Station 3: 335, Station 4: 315, Station 5: 153. Based on these data, the highest index is at point 3, and the density index is at point 1.

The Use of SWAT Model to predict Erosion and Sediment in the catchment area of Lake Tondano

The Use of SWAT Model to Predict Erosion and Sediment in the Catchment Area of Lake Tondano. The objective of this research is to assess the accuracy of SWAT model to predict erosion and sediment in the catchment area of lake Tondano. A comprehensive hydrological model of SWAT is one of several models available to predict erosion dan sediment load. The validation of this model would be tested and it would be acceptable if Nash-Sutcliffe model Efficiency (NSE) coefficient was equal or greater than 0.4. The results in this experiment showed that values of NSE coefficient between sediment load observed and predicted by SWAT were between 0.4 and 0.9. Therefore, the use of SWAT model to predict erosion dan sediment in Tondano lake catchment area is satisfying and very good. Keywords: Catchment area; erosion; sedimentation; SWAT; NSE Penggunaan Model SWAT untuk Prediksi Erosi dan Sedimen di Area Tangkapan Air Danau Tondano Abstrak Penggunaan Model SWAT untuk Prediksi Erosi dan Sedimen di Area Tangkapan Air Danau Tondano. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji keakuratan model SWAT dalam menduga erosi dan sedimen di area tangkapan air danau Tondano. SWAT (Soil Water Assesment Tool) merupakan model hidrologi yang komprehensif karena mempertimbangkan kondisi biofisik, iklim dan manajemen area tangkapan air dalam prediksi erosi dan sedimen. Penggunaan model SWAT untuk pendugaan erosi dan sedimen di area tangkapan air danau Tondano dapat diterima apabila hasil validasi sedimen terukur dan sedimen pendugaan menunjukkan koefisien NSE (Nash-Sutcliffe model Efficiency) lebih besar atau sama dengan 0,4. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model SWAT bisa digunakan untuk prediksi erosi dan sedimentasi di area tangkapan air danau Tondano karena koefisien NSE yang diperoleh pada 4 sungai yang bermuara di danau Tondano berkisar antara 0,4 sampai 0,9. Dengan demikian, pendugaan erosi dan sedimen di area tangkapan air danau Tondano dengan model SWAT dapat memberikan hasil yang memuaskan sampai sangat baik. Kata kunci: Area tangkapan air; erosi; sedimentasi; SWAT; NSE

The effect of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) organic fertilizer on the vegetative growth of Manado strain yellow maize (Zea mays L.)

Introduction: The invasion of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), a freshwater weed, has been an unsolved problem in many lakes around the world, including in Tondano lake, Indonesia. Since the 2000s, many efforts to eliminate it have turned unsuccessful and uneconomical. Here, we aim to provide a solution and perform a systematic study to utilize water hyacinth as an organic fertilizer for application to local crops, the Manado strain yellow maize. Methods: Water hyacinth was manually harvested and fermented using an effective microbial fermentation for one month. The resulting compost was analyzed chemically and applied to bedding groups of maize at increasing doses: 0, 100, 150, 200, and 250 grams per plant. All beddings were made in triplicate, consisting of 8-10 plants per repeat. At 2 and 12 weeks post plantation, a series of measurements of plant height, leaf length, and leaf width was performed. Data were analyzed using one- or two-way ANOVA. Results: The application of water hyacinth organic fertilizer had readily shown beneficial effects on vegetative growth at 2 weeks of age in terms of plant height, leaves length and leaves width at the dose of 200 and 250 grams of fertilizer per plant. This effect persisted up to 12 weeks of age in terms of plant height, but not in leaves length or width. Conclusion: The application of water hyacinth organic fertilizer is able to increase the vegetative growth of the local Manado strain of yellow maize at the dose of 200 grams per plant.

Implementasi Pembelajaran Eksploratif tentang Konsep dan Proses Fisika pada Dinamika Fenomena Alam Danau Tondano

The dynamics of the natural phenomenon of Lake Tondano become a source of student learning in understanding physical concepts packaged in innovative learning as an activity by applying the latest learning elements in the 21st century. The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of exploratory learning about the concepts and processes of physics in the dynamics of the natural phenomenon of Lake Tondano. The method used in this study is a pre-experimental one group pretest-posttest design. The research stage begins with giving a pretest to measure the students' initial abilities, then takes action (treatment) through exploratory learning and the next activity ends by giving a post-test. The research subjects are fourth semester students of the Manado State University Physics Education Study Program for the 2021/2022 academic year who are contracted for the Environmental Physics course. The evaluation results provide information that the average pre-test is 42.95 and the post-test results are 85.42. The average results of the assessment of science process skills are in good criteria (66%-79%). and very good criteria (80%-100%) affective assessment is in very good criteria (80%-100%). Obtaining N-gain scores from each student, there were as many as 10 students in the high N-Gain category with a percentage of 62.6% and as many as 6 students in the medium N-Gain category with a percentage of 36.8%. The result of the average N-Gain percentage of 16 students is 74.9%. The results of the study explain that students' understanding of physics concepts and science skills can be improved through exploratory learning on the natural dynamics phenomenon of Lake Tondano.