Lake Texoma Research Articles

The distribution and source of organic matter in reservoir sediments

The bottom sediments of two reservoirs, one with significant river sediment input and one without, were analyzed for organic matter content. Lake Texoma sediments average 1.0% organic carbon, of which 0.26% organic carbon is deposited by the river sediments of the Red and Washita River deltas. In Fort Gibson reservoir, where there is minimal river sediment input, the organic carbon averages 1.2% and is deposited with a strong correlation to water depth (+0.9). There is a significant difference between the C/N ratio of Lake Texoma sediments (11.5) and Fort Gibson sediments (9.6). The higher C/N ratio is suggested to be a result of the larger input of terrestrial plant debris (with a high original C/N ratio) by the rivers draining into Lake Texoma and the relatively high resistance of the lignin material in the plant debris to decomposition in the reservoir sediments.

Lake Texoma Caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera): 1. Species Present and Faunal Changes Since Impoundment

In light-trap collections 1974-1977, 26 species of caddisflies were collected at Lake Texoma, Texas and Oklahoma. The lentic Cyrnellus fraternus (Banks), Hydroptila waubesiana Betten, and Oecetis inconspicua (Walker) numerically dominated; however, many typical lotic species were present with their larvae occupying the rocky, wave-swept margins of the lake. Greater numbers of species were collected than in earlier studies of Lake Texoma. Oecetis inconspicua adults were parasitized by the unionicolid water mite Koenikea nr wolcotti. The purpose of this study is to describe the Trichoptera or caddisfly fauna of Lake Texoma, a major impoundment in the southwestern United States. This is the first of a series of papers that will analyze the dynamics of the caddisfly community. Community is in the sense of Pielou (1975) where similar species occurring together form a loosely interrelated aggregate, a definition most similar to the term taxocene as proposed by Kownacki (1971). The caddisfly communities of lakes and reservoirs have received scant attention other than in species descriptions and faunal lists. Neave (1934), Marshall (1939), Milne (1943), and Corbet and Tjonneland (1955) analyzed flight patterns of selected lake species, while Neave (1933), Morgan (1956), and Winterbourn (1971a, 1971b) emphasized life history studies of lentic caddisflies. Considerably more literature exists on caddisflies in running waters, probably due to the relatively few species that occur in lentic waters and the difficulties in examining larval caddisfly habitats that cannot be effectively samples with grabs or cores. However, even in lake and pond environments, caddisflies are important in the diet of fishes. 1 Division of Entomology and Parasitology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720. 2 Great Lakes Research Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109.

Assessment of Corbicula manilensis (Philippi) (Pelecypoda: Corbiculidae) as an Intermediate Host for Digenea in Lake Texoma

Assessment of Corbicula manilensis (Philippi) (Pelecypoda: Corbiculidae) as an Intermediate Host for Digenea in Lake Texoma

Observations on the Pelecypod Fauna of Lake Texoma, Texas and Oklahoma, after More than 30 Years Impoundment

Observations on the Pelecypod Fauna of Lake Texoma, Texas and Oklahoma, after More than 30 Years Impoundment

Spider Populations of a Southeast Texas Rice Field

Spider populations were studied in a rice field of the Texas A&M University Agricultural Research and Extension Center. Monthly collections were made from 2 March 1973 to 4 November 1973. A total of 752 specimens were collected representing 25 genera and 44 species from 10 families. Number of species collected each month varied from 8 to 19. Monthly and total species diversity was calculated using the formula H' = pi logb Pi 'c/N (N logo N I ni logo ni) derived from information theory. Monthly diversity ranged from 1.495 in October to 3.774 in November. Total diversity for the study was 2.472. The earliest published records of spiders in the United States originated in the nineteenth century. Kaston (1948) stated that most of these reports were lists of spiders found in specific areas. The reports dealt mainly with spiders from New England, the southeastern states, or the west coast (Fitch 1963). Surveys during the early twentieth century identified spiders found in a variety of habitats including forests, prairies, xeric dunelands, and desert communities. Branson (1966) published an account of spiders in Marshall County, Oklahoma near Lake Texoma. Dorris (1968) conducted a taxonomic study of spider fauna of Clark County, Arkansas, and Carpenter (1972) reported on jumping spiders of Wichita County, Texas. Recently, surveys have been published of spiders in specific field crops. Chant (1956) and Specht and Dondale (1960) reported on spiders in orchards. Whitcomb, Exline, and Hite (1963) compared spider populations in a pasture to those of a cultivated field. Whitcomb, Exline, and Hunter (1963) and Leigh and Hunter (1969) reported on spiders in cotton fields. Bailey and Chada (1968) studied spider populations of grain sorghums. Howell and Pienkowski (1971) surveyed 1 Present Address: Blinn College, 307 South Main, Bryan, Texas 77801.

Populations and Simple Food Webs as Energy Filters. I. One Species Systems

Previous articleNext article No AccessPopulations and Simple Food Webs as Energy Filters. I. One Species SystemsS. P. HubbellS. P. Hubbell Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The American Naturalist Volume 107, Number 953Jan. - Feb., 1973 Published for The American Society of Naturalists Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/282819 Views: 5Total views on this site Citations: 12Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1973 The University of Chicago.PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:David A. Vasseur Populations embedded in trophic communities respond differently to coloured environmental noise, Theoretical Population Biology 72, no.22 (Sep 2007): 186–196.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tpb.2007.06.002Owen L. Petchey Environmental colour affects aspects of single–species population dynamics, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 267, no.14451445 (Apr 2000): 747–754.https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1066 Joel G. Kingsolver , and Ward B. Watt Thermoregulatory Strategies in Colias Butterflies: Thermal Stress and the Limits to Adaptation in Temporally Varying Environments, The American Naturalist 121, no.11 (Oct 2015): 32–55.https://doi.org/10.1086/284038Homer T. Hayslett Sources of Applications of Mathematics in Ecological and Environmental Subject Areas, Suitable for Classroom Use, (Jan 1983): 137–168.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5430-0_7Joel Kingsolver The effect of environmental uncertainty on morphological design and fluid balance in Sarracenia purpurea L., Oecologia 48, no.33 (Mar 1981): 364–370.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00346496H.I. Freedman, Paul Waltman Mathematical analysis of some three-species food-chain models, Mathematical Biosciences 33, no.3-43-4 (Jan 1977): 257–276.https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-5564(77)90142-0PETER H. ASTOR, BERNARD C. PATTEN, GERALD N. ESTBERG The Sensitivity Substructure of Ecosystems, (Jan 1976): 389–429.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-547204-3.50054-3 Jonathan Roughgarden A Simple Model for Population Dynamics in Stochastic Environments, The American Naturalist 109, no.970970 (Oct 2015): 713–736.https://doi.org/10.1086/283039Albert J. Ammerman Late pleistocene population dynamics: An alternative view, Human Ecology 3, no.44 (Oct 1975): 219–233.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01531424BERNARD C. PATTEN, DAVID A. EGLOFF, THELMA H. RICHARDSON Total Ecosystem Model for a Cove in Lake Texoma, (Jan 1975): 205–421.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-547203-6.50018-9 Jonathan Roughgarden Population Dynamics in a Spatially Varying Environment: How Population Size "Tracks" Spatial Variation in Carrying Capacity, The American Naturalist 108, no.963963 (Oct 2015): 649–664.https://doi.org/10.1086/282941 S. P. Hubbell Populations and Simple Food Webs as Energy Filters. II. Two-Species Systems, The American Naturalist 107, no.953953 (Oct 2015): 122–151.https://doi.org/10.1086/282820

Surface Phytoplankton and Some Aspects of the Physical-Chemical Limnology of Three Areas on Lake Texoma

Surface Phytoplankton and Some Aspects of the Physical-Chemical Limnology of Three Areas on Lake Texoma

Aspects of the Early Life History of Gars (Lepisosteus) in Lake Texoma

Transactions of the American Fisheries SocietyVolume 101, Issue 1 p. 106-112 Short Papers and Notes Aspects of the Early Life History of Gars (Lepisosteus) in Lake Texoma Anthony A. Echelle, Anthony A. Echelle University of Oklahoma Biological Station, Willis, Oklahoma, 73462 USASearch for more papers by this authorCarl D. Riggs, Carl D. Riggs University of Oklahoma Biological Station, Willis, Oklahoma, 73462 USASearch for more papers by this author Anthony A. Echelle, Anthony A. Echelle University of Oklahoma Biological Station, Willis, Oklahoma, 73462 USASearch for more papers by this authorCarl D. Riggs, Carl D. Riggs University of Oklahoma Biological Station, Willis, Oklahoma, 73462 USASearch for more papers by this author First published: January 1972 https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1972)101<106:AOTELH>2.0.CO;2Citations: 28AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Citing Literature Volume101, Issue1January 1972Pages 106-112 RelatedInformation

The Passive Transport of Aquatic Microorganisms by Selected Hemiptera

The aquatic hemipterans seem well adapted for the dispersal of aquatic microorganisms and as they had not been previously studied in this respect, an investigation was conducted during the summer of 1967 in the area of Seattle, Washington, and during the spring and summer of 1968 in the area of Lake Texoma, Oklahoma, to determine their role in such dispersal. The three families selected for this preliminary study were Corixidae, Gerridae and Notonectidae. The Corixidae (water-boatmen) are the most numerous aquatic hemipterans with world-wide distribution. They feed primarily on periphyton (Walton 1943) and are easily attracted to light during their night flights. The Gerridae (water-striders), also with a world-wide distribution, are gregarious and predacious. Since only their legs touch the surface film of water as they move, the microorganisms washed from the external surface of the insects would most likely be characteristic of the neuston fauna and flora of the body of water where they were collected. Flights of gerrids have been reported at dusk and on moonlit nights (Riley 1920) but migration patterns and distances the insects are capable of flying are, as yet, unknown. The Notonectidae (back-swimmers), commonly found in freshwater habitats, are also predacious. Swarms in flight at night are also attracted to lights. According to Usinger (1963) the adults fly readily over considerable distances. In Great Britain Walton (1935) observed that Notonecta maculata (Fabr.) flew up to 27 m. The senior author has commonly observed them in the chlorinated water of swimming pools in Texas over 400 m from the nearest natural body of water. It was noted when three specimens of N. kirbyi (Hungerford) were removed from a pond and air dried for 15 min at about 220 C and 80% RH, they flew until no longer visible with field glasses, approximately 100 m. It was estimated from their altitude when last visible that they could easily have flown over 200 m.

Food Habits of Young-of-Year Longnose Gar in Lake Texoma, Oklahoma

Food Habits of Young-of-Year Longnose Gar in Lake Texoma, Oklahoma

Some Observations on Aquatic Phycomycetes from Lake Texoma and Adjacent Parts of Oklahoma

Some Observations on Aquatic Phycomycetes from Lake Texoma and Adjacent Parts of Oklahoma

Larval Development of Glaridacris confusa (Cestoda: Caryophyllaeidae)

Larval development of the caryophyllaeid cestode Glaridacris confusa occurs in aquatic annelids of the families Tubificidae and Naididae. Procercoids possess a cercomer; the scolex and gonads are well developed. North American caryophyllaeid cestodes parasitize catostomid and cyprinid fishes; oligochaete annelids serve as their intermediate hosts. Glaridacris confusa Hunter is one of the five species currently assigned to the genus Glaridacris Cooper. Yamaguti (1959) correctly listed this species as G. confusa (not the G. confusus of Hunter, 1929) since the generic name is feminine. G. confusa has been recorded from Ictiobus bubalus Raf. and Ictiobus sp. from the Rock River, Illinois and the Mississippi River, Iowa (Hunter, 1929); from Carpiodes carpio (Raf.), Lake Texoma, Oklahoma (Self and Timmons, 1955); and from I. bubalus, I. cyprinellus (Val.) and I. niger Raf., Lake Texoma (Self and Campbell, 1956). This is the first account on the life cycle of G. confusa. Experiments conducted with G. catostomi Cooper and G. oligorchis Haderlie showed that oligochaetes of the genera Limnodrilus and Tubifex serve as intermediate hosts (McCrae, 1961; Calentine and Fredrickson,

Spiders of the University of Oklahoma Biological Station, Marshall County, Oklahoma, with Observations on Species Used by Muddaubers as Larval Food, and a Review of the Species Known from Oklahoma

Nearly 1000 specimens were examined and found to include representatives of 21 families, 52 genera and 83 species. Most of these represent new distribution records within Oklahoma, and one family, seven genera and 27 species are reported for the first time. All spider families known from Oklahoma are characterized, and keys to their genera are presented. As far as possible, the synonomies of species listed by Banks, Newport, and Bird (1932) are brought up to date. All of these species, included in this report, are briefly characterized. A summary of the spiders utilized by the muddauber Sceliphron cementarium is presented. The University of Oklahoma Biological Station is located on the rolling banks of Lake Texoma, an impoundment of the Red River, near Willis, Marshall County, south-central Oklahoma. This region lies in the so-called Texas Biotic Province, characterized by Texas blackland soil, Cretaceous outcroppings, and, near the lake, large quantities of sand deposited by the prevailing southwesterly winds. Cultivated crops are principally cotton, small grains and peanuts. Native plants are predominantly oak-hickory or oak-willow (near waterways) associations, tall and mid-grasses, numerous composites and many herbaceous plants. The annual mean temperature is moderate, but the yearly fluctuation is well over 100 degrees. The average rainfall is more than 35 inches. There is a paucity of faunistic studies of Oklahoma arachnids. The only local list available is an old one (Banks, Newport and Bird, 1932), now badly in need of revision. Branson (1958, 1959) reported an additional 23 species from the state, Cox (1962) discussed some forms removed from Sceliphron cementarium (Drury) nests in Marshall County, and Harrell (1962, 1965) reported 20-odd species from various parts of the state. With the exception of occasional records cited by

Natural History of Pimephales Vigilax (Cyprinidae)

Food use, breeding and non-breeding behavior, and scales of this fresh-water fish were studied. These fish are sedentary bottom-dwellers, preferring quiet waters. They are omnivorous, preferring small arthropod larvae. They school in the daytime but not at night or during breeding periods. During the summer, the male chooses the nest site under bottom debris such as stone or wood. He enlarges a burrow and defends it before and after spawning. Details of behavior and scale- form are given. Pimephales vigilax (Baird and Girard) is important commercially as a bait species and constitutes a large portion of the food of com- mercial and game fishes. No literature dealing specifically with its life history was found. My studies concerned the food used, feeding habits, general behavior, breeding habits, and scale profile. Studies were made in the laboratory and in a small pond 5 miles north of Oklahoma State University cam- pus during 1960 and 1961. Specimens were collected with fine-mesh seine from Lake Texoma, taken to the laboratory at Stillwater, placed in metal aquaria, and treated with terramycin and acriflavine to pre- vent bacterial infections. Thirty-five specimens were transferred to aquaria for observation, and 400 were placed in a suitable farm pond 5 miles north of the laboratory. The capacity of the aquaria varied from 20 to 30 gal. Sand and rock were placed in tank No. 1, aquatic plants and small gravel were placed in No. 2, but none of these in the others. Snails (Helisoma) were kept in all aquaria to remove excess scum. The aquaria were provided with the following fish: Nos. 1 and 2, 6 males and 7 females each at the beginning for behavior studies (later, the first were removed and one male and two females replaced) and Nos. 3 and 4, one male and one female each. Thereafter, when a fish was removed from an aquarium because of illness or death it was replaced with one from the farm pond. The tanks were aerated liber- ally. White worms were used as one of the foods for the minnows. Small nematodes were reared as described by Emmons (1952) and fed to the young fish. Ground shrimp, cultured Daphnia, poultry laying mash, stock food (500% protein meal), chopped and whole earthworms, June bug larvae and mosquito larvae, were also used. For stomach-analysis 40 fish were collected from the farm pond in

The Egg, Miracidium, and Adult of Nematobothrium texomensis (Trematoda : Digenea)

Nematobothrium texomensis occurs primarily in the gravid ovaries of three species of buffalo fishes. The adult is extremely filamentous, attaining a length of up to 2.5 m. It is almost devoid of muscle tissue, capable of little movement, and presumably absorbs nourishment through the cuticle. All sex organs are tubular. The ventral sucker is poorly developed and not recognizable in most specimens. There is evidence that when fish hosts spawn, pieces of worms containing eggs are discharged. Development outside the host is unknown except that miracidia force-hatched from the operculate eggs are of the didymozoid type. Development of N. texomensis is associated with the reproductive cycle of the host and the worm has never been found in a sexually immature fish. The worms die when the fish spawn or begin to resorb unspawned eggs. Eggs do not hatch in the juices of any snail species indigenous to Lake Texoma. Although some hatched in the gut of Succinea avara, no larvae developed. The first known collection of Nematobothrium texomensis consisted of two species from a buffalo fish Ictiobus bubalus taken from Lake Texoma by Dr. Virgil E. Dowell. The worms were profusely entwined through the lamellae of the ovaries, which were gravid, but considerable portions were free in the lumina of the ovaries and about 10 inches of one worm extended through the genital opening. They were filiform and so delicate that they were broken into many pieces during removal. The length of the combined pieces of the two specimens was approximately 5 m. McIntosh and Self (1955) reported this worm as the first known species of the Didymozoidae from a freshwater fish in the Western Hemisphere. McClelland (1955) reported Nematobothrium labeonis from the orbits of Labeo coubie, L. horie, and L. niloticus from the Nile River, and Yamaguti (1936) reported Philopenna higai from the dorsal fin and orbit of Sarcocheilichthys variegatus in Japan. These Received for publication 12 March 1963. * Present address: Department of Biology, Northern Michigan College, Marquette. t Present address: Department of Biology, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. +t Work done at the University of Oklahoma Biological Station under support of Grant E 2849 (CL), National Institutes of Health. are the only species of the family now known to occur in freshwater fishes. Nematobothrium texomensis occurs in three species of buffalo fishes: Ictiobus bubalus, I. cyprinellus, and I. niger. While occasionally associated with mature testes, it is most commonly found in the lumina and lamellae of gravid ovaries. In a few cases, it has been found outside the ovary, between this organ and the peritoneum. Specimens frequently extend from one ovary to the other by way of the genital opening and may occur singly or as multiple infections. No living worms have been found outside the body cavity; the remains of dead specimens found immediately external to the peritoneum provide the only evidence that this parasite is a tissue migrant. DESCRIPTION OF THE ADULT Up to 2.5 m in length, 0.5 mm in diameter. Cuticle delicate and opaque to transparent. Socalled oral sucker nonmuscular and completely enclosed within the cuticle (Figs. 2, 12); pharynx present but nonmuscular (Figs. 2, 13); esophagus extends through approximately one-fourth the body length, surrounded by a single layer of epithelial cells (Figs. 2, 14) and divides into crura which extend to posterior end (Fig. 3). Intermittent clusters of glandular tissue surround esophagus (Fig. 15). Male and female genital pores located on a prominence lateral to oral sucker and closely adjacent to each other (Figs. 2, 12). Male duct nonmuscular (Fig. 14). Testes tubular, one con-

Parasites from the Genus Lepomis (Centrarchidae) in Lake Texoma, Oklahoma

Parasites from the Genus Lepomis (Centrarchidae) in Lake Texoma, Oklahoma

Observations on the Life Histories of Turtles (Genus Pseudemys and Graptemys) in Lake Texoma, Oklahoma

Aspects of the life histories of Pseudemys scripta elegans and Graptemys pseudogeographica ouachitensis (Reptilia: Testudines) were studied in Lake Texoma, Oklahoma. Variation in the color patterns of the two species is considered. Males of Pseudemys are sexually mature at a plastron length of 9.0 to 10.0 cm; females at 17.4 to 19.3 The realized annual reproductive capacity of a female Pseudemys is estimated to be 26.4 eggs (3 clutches; 8.8 eggs per clutch). Some males become sexually mature in their third year; females in their fourth. Males of Graptemys are sexually mature at a plastron length of 7.0 cm; females at 15.0 cm. Each Graptemys female lays approximately 19.5 eggs per year (3 clutches; 6.5 eggs per clutch). The elongation of the tail and third claw of the forelimb are secondary sexual characters in males of both species. Growth in both species progresses rapidly prior to maturity, however, Graptemys females seemingly grow more slowly than Pseudemys during this period. Rapid fluctuation of the water level may result in a slowing of growth in Pseudemys, but the evidence is only suggestive, not conclusive. Alternation of habitats along the shoreline due to the changing water level is believed to be responsible for the nomadic behavior of Pseudemys as well as in determining the quality and quantity of food available. The abundance of the red-eared turtle, Pseudemys scripta elegans Wied, and the Ouachita map turtle, Graptemys pseudogeographica ouachitensis Cagle, in Lake Texoma, made possible a comparative life history study at the University of Oklahoma Biological Station, Marshall County, 2 miles east of Willis. Acknowledgments.-I am grateful to Dr. Carl D. Riggs, Director of the Biological Station for permission to utilize facilities in his care. I am indebted further to Dr. Harley P. Brown of the University of Oklahoma Department of Zoology for the analysis of the animal material in the contents of digestive tracts of selected turtles, and to Dr. George J. Goodman of the University of Oklahoma Department of Botany for selected botanical determinations. Finally, thanks are extended to Drs. Fred R. Cagle and Henry S. Fitch for constructive criticism of the manuscript.

An Annotated List of the Fishes of Lake Texoma, Oklahoma and Texas

During 10 years of collecting with several kinds of gear, 71 species have been collected from the main body, headwaters, tailwaters and inundated tributaries of Lake Texoma. Annotations on ecology, reproduction and abundance are included.

The Ecology of the Macroscopic Bottom Fauna in Lake Texoma (Denison Reservoir), Oklahoma and Texas

With the advent of extensive flood control and hydroelectric projects, the field of limnology has had a new and imperfectly understood facet added in the form of numerous impoundments. While several studies have been made on smaller impoundments, few have been done on the larger and deeper ones of the Southwest. This is particularly true of studies of benthic organisms, as Greenbank's (1937) results from Elephant Butte Reservoir in New Mexico were the only ones suitable for comparison with the work presented here. Emphasis of this study has been on horizontal and vertical distribution and seasonal succession of the macroscopic bottom animals. A cursory examinatiotn of the other limnological features was also made (Sublette, 1955). The major community which Klugh (1923) referred to as the lake bottom association has commonly been divided by limnologists into the littoral, sublittoral, and profundal zones. These zones are defined as follows: littoral, from the lake margin to a 'depth which marks the lakeward limits of the rooted aquatic vegetation; sublittoral, the area bounded by the littoral above and the profundal below; and profundal, roughly, the area of the bottomn in contact with the hypolimnnion. An examination of the literature shows the extreme variability of zones so described, not only between different bodies of water, but within a lake itself. This variability is primarily the result of two factors. One of these is the lakeward extension of rooted aquatic plants. It has been demonstrated, (vide Welch, 1952) that different plant species have differing depth tolerances. Are two bodies of water, similar in every respect except that one has a shallow water and the other a deep water flora, to be considered as having entirely different littoral zones? The other variable factor is that of hypolimnion depth distribution. When a hypolimnion iS present it varies in depth from season to season. Are the profundal zone limits then to change with the fluctuations of the hypolimnion? And what of the lake which rarely or never has a hypolimnion? Many writers, in order to avoid such poorly defined categories, have instead used the categories mentioned (littoral, sublittoral, and profundal) but have defined them by stating the exact depth limits of each zone. A more logical system would be to designate the zones on the basis of sediment substratum as has been pointed out by Pearse (1939) for marine communities. The two major divisions, littoral and profundal, can readily be recognized as major communities since each exhibits a very different assemnblage of organisms. What is not usually recognized is thait within each major community (zone) there are minor communities. Observations on these minor 371

Parasites of the Carp, Cyprinus carpio L. in Lake Texoma, Oklahoma

Parasites of the Carp, Cyprinus carpio L. in Lake Texoma, Oklahoma