Lack Of Coping Research Articles

Coping strategies used by undergraduate first-year nursing students during transition from basic to higher education: a qualitative study

BackgroundThe undergraduate first year of a nursing program is regarded as a difficult and challenging part of the nursing course, due to the variation experienced in the transition from basic to higher education compared to other first-year courses. This causes stress, which could contribute to students’ lack of coping with the transition to the university. These challenges call for coping strategies to ensure resilience among this cohort of undergraduate nursing students.MethodsAn exploratory descriptive qualitative research design was adopted to assess the coping mechanisms used by first-year nursing students during transition from basic to higher education. Data was gathered through four online focus group discussions which were conducted using the Microsoft Teams app, with participants purposefully selected from the two campuses where the study was conducted. The focus group discussions were recorded and transcribed verbatim for analysis. Data was analysed by the researcher and the co-coder using qualitative content data analysis.FindingsThree categories emerged from the data: experiences of transition from basic to higher education, coping with transition from basic to higher education, and recommendations for coping with transition from basic to higher education. Participants expressed that they use the following six coping strategies during the transition from basic to higher education: adaptive coping, appraisal-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, problem-focused coping, social coping, and seeking help from mentors.ConclusionsTransition from basic to higher education is challenging for undergraduate first-year nursing students. The study suggests that there is a need to standardize and contextualize the support measures for undergraduate first-year nursing students during their transition from basic to higher education in order to enhance their ability to cope.

Aspects of palliative care in medical TV dramas and a look into its teaching capabilities

Doctors often feel extreme negative emotions when providing palliative care and experiencing a patient's death. Their education leaves them unprepared for dealing with their various feelings which can directly lead to death anxiety and burnout. Doctor’s lack of coping in these situations can significantly decrease their feelings of happiness towards their life, career, and overall patient care. Therefore, using a modified exploratory qualitative research approach that distributed a survey to Maryland medical students, an auxiliary form of education was identified to fill the gap in doctor's training. This study sought to find if modern medical dramas could teach medical students about the personal emotions associated with palliative care and the importance of developing healthy coping mechanisms. Through the research the shows “House MD” and “Private Practice” have the most accurate representation of death, the emotions involved, and healthy coping mechanisms. Meaning, that the two shows can be used in medical education to enrich students’ learning on the personal effects of palliative care and how to cope. Furthermore, this training can potentially lead to the decrease of death anxiety and burnout in the medical field. Thus, creating an environment where expressing emotion is destigmatized and allows doctors to provide the highest quality patient care.

Perceptual Ineptness In relation to Drug Addiction

Addiction of any kind is indeed detrimental, leading to psychological, financial, and social disorders. However, drug addiction is seen as one of the major concerns worldwide, having the most distressing consequences. This may be attributed to a number of psychosocial factors which put a person at a greater risk to develop such behavior. For some, drugs provide a kind of relief in times of distress, and for others, it increases the confidence level and improves the performance on a given task. Several studies have been carried out so far highlighting various precipitating/perpetuating factors (parental neglect, discord, peer pressure, lack of coping and resilience, and social incompetence) in maintaining such behaviors, as well as the preventive ones (authoritative parenting, extended family system, and enhanced psychological capital) to overcome this menace. What makes it more challenging is holding a fallacious belief of baking (roasting) the weed (Charas) as a skill and smoking as a means of lifting one's morale and a matter of prestige. This may be attributed to the germination of a thought of exhibiting the power of masculinity before the same or the opposite sex and thus eventually sidelines the efforts made by the stakeholders to restrict the ill effects of drug addiction on youth and on society as a whole. There is thus a pressing need to educate young minds and restructure their belief system at a very early stage of development. In that direction, all the institutions (family, school, and place of worship) must go hand in hand to ensure that youth is aware about the ill effects of such illicit behaviors, well in advance.

Global patterns of disaster and climate risk\u2014an analysis of the consistency of leading index-based assessments and their results

Indices assessing country-level climate and disaster risk at the global scale have experienced a steep rise in popularity both in science and international climate policy. A number of widely cited products have been developed and published over the recent years, argued to contribute critical knowledge for prioritizing action and funding. However, it remains unclear how their results compare, and how consistent their findings are on country-level risk, exposure, vulnerability and lack of coping, as well as adaptive capacity. This paper analyses and compares the design, data, and results of four of the leading global climate and disaster risk indices: The World Risk Index, the INFORM Risk Index, ND-GAIN Index, and the Climate Risk Index. Our analysis clearly shows that there is considerable degree of cross-index variation regarding countries’ risk levels and comparative ranks. At the same time, there is above-average agreement for high-risk countries. In terms of risk sub-components, there is surprisingly little agreement in the results on hazard exposure, while strong inter-index correlations can be observed when ranking countries according to their socio-economic vulnerability and lack of coping as well as adaptive capacity. Vulnerability and capacity hotspots can hence be identified more robustly than risk and exposure hotspots. Our findings speak both to the potential as well as limitations of index-based approaches. They show that a solid understanding of index-based assessment tools, and their conceptual and methodological underpinnings, is necessary to navigate them properly and interpret as well as use their results in triangulation.

Psychology and adaptation of couples during in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer: a qualitative study

Objective To understand the psychology and inter-adaptation of patients with in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and their spouses. Methods From August to November 2017, this study selected 13 females with IVF-ET and 13 spouses in Reproduction Center of a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital in Anhui Province as subjects by purposive sampling. In-depth semi-structured and individualized interview was carried out for those subjects with the phenomenology study of qualitative research. Colaizzi 7-step analysis was used to sort out and analyze interview data. Results Psychological pressure was common in patients with IVF-ET and their spouses and interacted with each other. Totals of four themes were extracted separately, in patients: (1) being worried about IVF-ET and marital status; (2) bearing stress from family, social and themselves; (3) changes of life style and relationship between husband and wife; (4) coping with stress and adjustment mode solely; in spouses: (1) being worried about IVF-ET and physical condition of their wives; (2) bearing stress from family, work and economy; (3) changes of life style and relationship between husband and wife, (4) lack of coping with stress and adjustment mode. Conclusions We should pay attention to psychological pressure and interaction of IVF-ET patients and their spouses, influence of spouse support and coping style on psychology of IVF-ET patients. Take professional measures to improve the pregnancy outcome by providing targeted health guide and psychological intervention for couples. Key words: Infertility; Sterility; Fertilization in vitro-embryo transfer; Psychological pressure; Spouses; Qualitative research

The transition from university to work: what happens to mental health? A longitudinal study

BackgroundWhen enrolled in university or college, students receive varying degrees of training in managing practical situations in the workplace. However, after graduation, the young professionals meet their responsibilities at work. The experience of the transition between education and work may connote a feeling of professional uncertainty and lack of coping, both of which are important factors related to young professionals’ mental health. The gap between the two areas of knowledge is frequently described as ‘practice shock’. Very few studies of mental health among students and young professional workers have used longitudinal designs. In the present study, we conducted a longitudinal investigation of change and stability in the levels of psychological distress among healthcare professionals, teachers, and social workers from the end of their study programs until 3 years into their subsequent professional lives. We also assessed the extent to which psychological distress at the end of the study program, sociodemographic characteristics, coping with the professional role, the psychosocial workplace environment, and experience of overall quality of life can predict psychological distress 3 years into their professional lives.MethodsPsychological distress was measured using the General Health Questionnaire 12 (GHQ-12). A total of 773 students/young professionals participated at both the end of their study programs and 3 years into their professional lives. Group differences were examined by the chi-squared test, independent samples t-test, and one-way analysis of variance. McNemar’s test were applied to identify changes in the proportion of cases at the two time points. Linear and logistic regressions were employed to identify factors associated with GHQ-12 Likert scores and GHQ-12 case scores, respectively.ResultsPsychological distress was significantly reduced at 3 years for health professionals. Among the social workers and teachers, the change in psychological distress was not significant during the same period. Higher current quality of life contributed to lower psychological distress.ConclusionsOur findings support assumptions about higher levels of mental health problems as students, with mental health improving as health professionals and social workers move into professional work.

Health system preparedness in Pakistan for crisis management: a cross-sectional evaluation study.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has strongly advocated health systems' preparedness for effective management of crisis situations globally for more than two decades. Pakistan is known for its high vulnerability to hazards and lack of coping and adaptive capabilities. Health systems' preparedness for locales with such high-risk profile is essential, yet there is a dearth of studies addressing the status of such preparedness in the country. This study aimed to assess the status of preparedness of health-system components for crisis management in the most disaster prone districts of Pakistan. A purposive sample of 12 of the most disaster prone districts in two provinces of Pakistan was evaluated for preparedness using the WHO's toolkit for assessing health-system capacity for crisis management. Six core functions of the Health Systems Framework, with a total of 229 indicators, were evaluated at the district management as well as secondary and tertiary health care facilities level. Proportions of indicators prepared were calculated and preparedness was classified as Acceptable (≥ 66%), Partial (36-65%) or Inadequate (≤ 35%). Seventy-two percent, 95% Confidence Interval [46.0, 90.0] of indicators in these most vulnerable districts were evaluated as partially or inadequately prepared for appropriate management of crises. Even the highest scoring core function, Leadership and Governance was partially prepared with a score of 53.6% (52.4, 54.9). Process elements were found to be less prepared compared with structure components. Federal level strategic planning, implementation, management and follow-up aimed at ensuring health-systems' preparedness need to be reviewed and strengthened.

Alcohol Use is Not Directly Related to the Perceived Control of Depressive Symptoms in Patients with Depressive Symptoms.

Treatment-seeking patients (N = 233) were recruited as they started a course of relapse prevention and coping with depression. The mean Beck depression inventory (BDI-II) score was 26 points, indicating a moderate degree of depression. The sample was recruited from different outpatient clinics and screened for alcohol-related problems with the alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT). Almost half of the total sample had a score on AUDIT >8 indicating an alcohol problem. The participants in this study did not undergo a clinical interview to check out if their symptoms, as assessed with BDI-II and AUDIT, were part of a formal diagnosis in accordance with the criteria in ICD 10 or DSM IV. A specific instrument, perceived uncontrollability of depression (UNCONTROL), was used to measure the persons’ perceived control of depressive symptoms; a set of statements about coping with depressive symptoms where high scores indicate lack of coping with the symptoms. Alcohol problems were not found to be significantly associated with the perceived control of ongoing depressive symptoms and did not moderate the relationship between depressive symptoms and the perceived control of depressive symptoms. The results question the assumption that alcohol use is related to coping with depressive symptoms in patients with alcohol abuse and depressive symptoms.

Raising a child with disability and dealing with life events

Intellectual disability services recognise people with intellectual disability as a family member and aim to provide effective support that facilitates family cohesion. However, the needs of families and individuals within the family should be addressed in a holistic manner to ensure a seamless service. This article outlines a mother's reflections on her experience of raising a child with autism spectrum disorder and its impact on her life. The article focuses on one mother's feelings, coping or lack of coping and growth during a time of sadness. This article written by a mother, nurse and academic through their shared interest in supporting families of children with a disability all came together to tell this story. It is hoped that this article will assist professionals understand a mother's perspective when raising a child with intellectual disability and support professionals to recognise the importance of listening, coordinated support and working in partnership.

FRI0071 Does psychological status drive patient global assessment for rheumatoid arthritis patients who do not have any clinical signs of inflammation? an exploratory analysis of near-remission using the rheumatoid arthritis impact of disease (RAID) score.

BackgroundPatients reaching remission for joint counts and CRP according to the ACR/EULAR Boolean definition fo remission (value<=1/10), but not remission for patient global assessment (PGA), are termed in ‘near-remission’(1). PGA...

Workers with a chronic disease and work disability

The prevalence of chronic diseases in the age group 18-65years is high. Cardiometabolic conditions and musculoskeletal diseases are the most frequent chronic diseases. Depending on disease and comorbidity, the employment rates are considerably lower than for healthy individuals. Chronically ill workers may have problems in meeting job demands, they may experience physical, cognitive or sensory limitations, have fatigue or pain complaints or other disease symptoms. Psychological distress, depressive feelings, feelings of shame or guilt, lack of coping or communicative skills, and non-supportive colleagues and supervisors may add to work-related problems. The ICF Model (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health) of the WHO offers a framework for understanding and considering health-related problems at work and finding solutions. Interventions to prevent problems in functioning, sickness absence and work disability may focus on the worker, the workplace, or health care. Multidisciplinary vocational rehabilitation, exercise therapy, cognitive behavioural interventions, workplace interventions and empowerment are interventions with at least some evidence of effectiveness. Future policy could focus more on promotion of workers' health and future research should include the interests and motivations of employers concerning disability management, skills of line managers, the feasibility of interventions to prevent work disability and the context sensitivity of study outcomes.

Coffee, stress and cortisol in nursing staff

According to cognitive activation theory, long-lasting work demands without rest or lack of coping may lead to sustained activation and pathology. Cortisol is one of the most important stress hormones in humans and increased basal levels of cortisol are considered a valid marker for sustained activation. In order to investigate this association further, we investigate the relationships between salivary cortisol profiles, job stress, work load (effort/reward, demand/control) and health (subjective health complaints and health-related quality of life) in a population of health care workers. Forty-four women filled in a questionnaire and collected five saliva samples on two consecutive working days (1: wake-up time, 2: wake-up time+30 min, 3: wake-up time+45 min, 4: 1500 h and 5: 2200 h). There was no relationship between psychosocial factors at work and cortisol levels in the morning (cortisol level at wake-up time and awakening cortisol response (ACR)). Only the confounding variable tobacco reached a significant level in the hierarchical regressions analyses. Our significant findings are limited to the afternoon decline and the evening values. The decrease during the day relates to decision authority, physical functioning, general health, and vitality in the single, unadjusted regression analyses. The decrease also relates to coffee intake, which we included originally as a confounding variable. In the final hierarchical regression of the evening values, only decision authority and coffee were significantly related to cortisol levels in the evening.

A Phenomenological Analysis of Coping Effectiveness in Golf

The purpose of this study was to examine instances when international agegroup golfers coped effectively and ineffectively with performance-related stressors during competition. Eighteen male Irish international golfers (M age = 17 years) participated in semistructured interviews pertaining to their coping experiences during golf competition. Data were thematically analyzed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (Smith &amp; Osborn, 2003). Strategies associated with effective coping were rationalizing, reappraising, blocking, positive self-talk, following a routine, breathing exercises, physical relaxation, and seeking on-course social support. Alternatively, different types of coping responses (trying too hard, speeding up, routine changes, negative thoughts, lack of coping) were associated with ineffective coping. Theoretical and applied implications of these findings are discussed.

Health Needs of Young Offenders

Health services' input to the Youth Offending Teams (YOTs) is an integral component of the YOTs' philosophy. Fifty young people aged 14-18 years, who attended two representative YOTs consecutively, completed a health checklist and a strengths and difficulties questionnaire. They were interviewed on the health of the nation outcome scales for children and adolescents and their perceptions of health needs and services. The young people reported high rates of accidents and injuries, admissions to hospital, emotional and peer relationships difficulties. Their perceptions of what mental illness means varied between stigma, aggression, lack of coping, previous experiences and physical ill-health. Only five young people expressed a wish to receive mental health help. The findings are discussed in relation to health services provision to the YOTs.

Noncompliance after kidney transplantation: a systematic review

We performed a systematic review of the literature on medical noncompliance after kidney transplantation in the cyclosporine era. We wished to define commonalities that may help the clinician identify patients for early intervention. We found that patients who were at a higher risk of noncompliance after kidney transplants were younger, female, unmarried, and non-Caucasians. Patients who were recipients of living donor transplants and had been transplanted for a longer time with a history of a previous transplant were also at risk of noncompliance. We also found that patients displaying emotional problems, such as anxiety, hostility, depression, distress, lack of coping, and avoidant behaviors, were also at risk for noncompliance after kidney transplantation.

Psychopathy: A psychobiological perspective

After critically examining the concept of psychopathy and reviewing the major existing theories of psychopathy in the light of a psychobiological conception of abnormal behaviour (Öhman, 1981), this paper attempts to present an integrated, psychobiological model of psychopathy. Essentially this analyses psychopathy in terms of the predisposing influences, the triggering environmental events which initiate psychopathic behaviour, and the neurophsychological mechanisms which mediate it. It is suggested that individuals who show chronic antisocial behaviour, conforming to the North American term ‘sociopath’, may demonstrate a maturational deficit but do not necessarily show a psychopathic personality disorder. The latter is said to be characterised, at a personality trait level, by high Impulsiveness and Psychopathy (Blackburn, 1982 a, b), reflecting interactive deficits in goal direction and affect. At a dynamic (state) level, a psychopathic personality disorder is said to be characterised by a lack of coping, reflecting either, in the case of the secondary psychopath, a deficit in primary appraisal, (over-perception of threat), or in the case of the primary psychopath, a deficit in secondary appraisal (low perceived control over aversive environmental events). It is further suggested that a genetic predisposition to social withdrawal and exposure to an uncontrollably aversive early environment may interact to predispose an individual to develop a psychopathic personality disorder in adulthood.