Labrador Puppies Research Articles

Nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism–induced facial osteodystrophy in a Labrador puppy

Nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism–induced facial osteodystrophy in a Labrador puppy

Social behavior in dog puppies: Breed differences and the effect of rearing conditions

IntroductionMost of the studies investigating the effect of early rearing environment in dogs used laboratory dogs and reported that early experiences markedly affect the puppies’ behavior. However, the subjects of these experiments cannot be considered as representatives of family dogs.MethodsIn this study, we investigated whether different raising conditions shape social behavior toward humans in 8-week-old family dog puppies of two breeds, Labrador and Czechoslovakian wolf dog. The puppies were tested in a series of tests that represented typical situations of family dogs.ResultsWe found that Czechoslovakian wolf dog puppies were more active than Labrador puppies in general, as they were more likely to explore the environment and the objects and spent more time doing so. Tendency to gaze at humans also varied between breeds, but in a context-specific way. Additionally, puppies housed separately from their mother interacted more with toys, puppies housed in a kennel tended to stay closer to the experimenter than puppies raised in the house, and puppies housed in a kennel tended to stay in the proximity of the experimenter more than puppies raised in the house.ConclusionsOur results provide evidence for early keeping conditions influencing social behavior and also highlight breed differences in puppies’ behavior. Whether these differences are due to different developmental patterns and/or behavioral predispositions remains to be explored.

The Rattlesnake, the Red Wolf, and the Labrador Puppies: A Fable for our Times

The 2016 presidential election cycle has proven to be intensely acrimonious and rhetorically provocative. This essay, written in the form of a fable, illustrates the use of rhetoric in contemporary American politics and suggests by implication what uses of rhetoric voters are (and are not) likely to find persuasive; employs an ancient literary form (the fable) to critique a variety of policy positions that have been advanced in this election cycle (e.g., federal funding of abortion, widespread, aggressive deportations of undocumented persons, and a ban on Muslim immigration) by the nominees of both major political parties (Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump); illustrates how theological convictions can serve a useful role in public policy deliberation; and illustrates one pathway for those committed to a political morality grounded in both democratic theory and theological convictions to make a moral political choice.

The detection and characterisation of Neospora /Hammondia-like oocysts from naturally infected dogs within the same urban region of Australia

This report describes the detection and molecular characterisation of Neospora/Hammondia-like oocysts from naturally infected dogs. Single faecal samples were collected from 160 individual greyhounds and multiple faecal samples were collected from 5 Labrador litters within a breeding kennel. Microscopy analysis detected Neospora/Hammondia like oocysts in 2 greyhounds and one litter of Labrador puppies. PCR protocols targeting the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS-1) and the large subunit (LSU) rDNA (D2/D3 domains) confirmed the presence of H. heydorni in both greyhounds and N. caninum in the Labrador litter. Dietary information obtained for all positive dogs indicate the source of infection was through regular exposure to a commercially obtained raw meat diet.These results report for the first time a natural infection with H. heydorni in dogs in Australia and also the first co-occurrence of N. caninum and H. heydorni in an Australian urban region.

A Revival of Little Black Sambo in Japan

In the late 1980s, a popular children’s book “Little Black Sambo”(hereafter,LBS) disappeared from all bookstores in Japan.The book was alleged to have racist characteristics such as the name of the boy, the way the illustrations caricatured blacks, etc. Mori (1997) revised the original story by changing the protagonist from a black boy to a black Labrador puppy, with eliminating the word “Sambo”,which had a historically pejorative connotation in the US. Mori (2005) conducted an experiment to compare the entertainment value of the two versions of LBS using four-year-old children and found no difference. Mori (2005) also casted a suspicion that the real reason why the book was withdrawnin Japan was a matter of piracy rather than racism. All Japanese publishers at that time had not properly obtained the copyright. Nowadays there are several versions of LBS available in bookstores all over Japan.

Should veterinarians consider acrylamide that potentially occurs in starch-rich foodstuffs as a neurotoxin in dogs?

Three clinically healthy Labrador puppies developed ataxia, hypermetria and convulsions shortly after eating the burnt crust of maize porridge. Two of the puppies died. Acrylamide toxicity was considered based on the history of all 3 puppies developing nervous signs after being exposed to a starch-based foodstuff that was subjected to high temperature during preparation. Acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity is thought to partially result from a distal axonopathy.

Surgical treatment of a hemivertebra by partial ventral corpectomy and fusion in a Labrador puppy

This report describes a partial ventral verte-brectomy and interbody fusion for a progressive hemivertebra disease using a ventral transthoracic approach in a 3.6-month-old male Labrador puppy. The goal of this article is to clarify the potential advantages of this uncommon surgical technique for this condition and to discuss its technical aspects.

Swimming Syndrome in Two Labrador Puppies

Summary Swimming puppy syndrome, is an uncommon developmental abnormality observed in neonatal dogs in which the hind limbs and sometimes the front legs, are splayed laterally. Affected animals often remain in sternal recumbency exhibit swimmer like movements at the time of trying to ambulate that are more pronounced on smooth surfaces. The cause of the syndrome is unknown, although various undocumented theories have been formulated. Twenty five-day-old, two Labrador retriever littermates constituted the study material. Clinically, inability of stand or move about, extended limbs, swimming like movement on sternal recumbency and inability of adduction in the limbs were observed. Neurological examination was considered normal. Bilateral lateral patellar luxation was observed in both cases. Before starting to the treatment, a soft rug, 3 cm in thickness, was spread over the floor of the whelping box. In the treatment process, physiotherapy of both hind limbs was initiated and performed for 5 min, three times daily. Gentle passive flexion, extension and adduction of the hock, stifle and hip joints were performed. At the end of the 6 th week of treatment process, functional activity of the limbs was observed in both cases. As a result it was concluded that, both puppies were able to walk as good as their littermates at the end of the 6 th week of the therapy process as mentioned in the previous studies, and prognosis is good with lack of concomitant pectus excavatum.

Effects of Two Levels of Zinc Intake on Growth and Trace Element Status in Labrador Puppies

Effects of Two Levels of Zinc Intake on Growth and Trace Element Status in Labrador Puppies

Effects of restriction of maternal uterine blood supply on postnatal conditioning of heart rate and behavioral development in dogs.

An examination was made of the heart rate responses during aversive classical conditioning of 5- to 6-week-old Labrador puppies exposed to restricted maternal uterine blood supply during gestation. The direction of the heart rate responses of the treated puppies was consistently decelerative, whereas nontreated controls showed both decelerations and accelerations. The absence of accelerative heart rate changes, combined with the observed depression of base level heart rate and attenuated emotional behavior in the experimental animals relative to controls suggests that uterine blood supply insufficiency may have impaired normal autonomic development in utero.

MICROCIRCULATORY CHANGES IN THE LUNG OF THE HYPOXIC AND HYPOVOLEMIC PUPPY AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPE STUDY

The effect of systemic hypoxemia and hypovolemia on pulmonary fine structure was studied and compared in 12 Labrador puppies 6 days to 3 weeks old. Central venous and arterial pressures were monitored and arterial pH, PCO2 and PO2 recorded serially. In 4 puppies lung biopsies were taken after a two hour period of breathing 7% oxygen. Four other puppies were made hypovolemic by acute hemorrhage of 50% of the calculated blood volume and lung biopsies taken after one hour. Four control puppies were maintained under anesthesia for two hours, breathing an atmosphere of 20% oxygen before lung biopsies were taken. Both hypoxemia and hypovolemia resulted in similar pulmonary ultrastructural changes. These changes which occurred more frequently in areas where the air spaces and blood vessels were expanded, were characterized by aggregation of platelets and leucocytes in the vascular space, focal endothelial cell disruption, interstitial edema and type I epithelial cell discontinuities with exudation of plasma into the alveolar air spaces.

Microcirculatory changes in the lung of the hypoxic and hypovolemic puppy: an electron microscope study.

The effect of systemic hypoxemia and hypovolemia on pulmonary fine structure was studied and compared in 12 Labrador puppies 6 days to 3 weeks old. Central venous and arterial pressures were monitored and arterial pH, PCO2 and PO2 recorded serially. In 4 puppies lung biopsies were taken after a two hour period of breathing 7% oxygen. Four other puppies were made hypovolemic by acute hemorrhage of 50% of the calculated blood volume and lung biopsies taken after one hour. Four control puppies were maintained under anesthesia for two hours, breathing an atmosphere of 20% oxygen before lung biopsies were taken. Both hypoxemia and hypovolemia resulted in similar pulmonary ultrastructural changes. These changes which occurred more frequently in areas where the air spaces and blood vessels were expanded, were characterized by aggregation of platelets and leucocytes in the vascular space, focal endothelial cell disruption, interstitial edema and type I epithelial cell discontinuities with exudation of plasma into the alveolar air spaces.

Pseudo truncus arteriosus in a dog--a case report.

ABSTRACTThe clinical, electrocardiographic, angiographic, radiological and postmortem features of a case of pseudo truncus arteriosus in an 8‐month‐old crossbred Labrador puppy are described.