Labor Productivity In Industry Research Articles

The role of related variety and exporting on a firm’s labour productivity in pollution-intensive industries in China

ABSTRACT This study investigates the influence of regional industrial variety and export activities on labour productivity in China’s pollution-intensive manufacturing sectors from 2003 to 2009. Analysing data from 345,654 firms, we discover that regional related variety significantly boosts labour productivity. Moreover, this study reveals that firms with a higher export ratio experience an amplified benefit from the related variety on labour productivity. Our findings suggest the need for comprehensive policies that balance economic growth with environmental sustainability, emphasizing the nuanced role of industrial variety and global market integration in shaping productive efficiency.

Factors affecting labor productivity in the global construction industry: a critical review, classification and ranking

The construction industry plays a fundamental role in economic development and job creation, but it faces challenges of labor productivity that have been exacerbated due to the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Labor productivity is a critical component of success, as it influences the duration, costs, and efficiency ofprojects. Understanding the nature of factors affecting labor productivity is essential to finding solutions. This study examined the literature to identify key factors influencing labor productivity, departing from conventional analytical approaches. Through mixed-methods analysis, qualitative approaches of systematic reviews identified influential factors based on 97 documents.Subsequently, they were classified using a combination of statistical analysis and hierarchical clustering methods that encompassed both internal and external factors. The Importance Value Index allowed for the classification of the 30 most critical factors, analyzing three possible ranking scenarios. The study found that the interest in researching the topic remains relevant and has evolved over time. In recent years, greater attention has been paid to labor, management, work environment, and technical aspects. The results indicate that internal project factors, such as scheduling, planning, technical considerations, and resourcemanagement, are more predictable and controllable than external factors. Effective resource management and a comprehensive approach are essential for optimizing construction productivity. Project-level factors, as well as materials, tools, and equipment, play an important role. By synthesizing existing knowledge and identifying and classifying key productivity factors, this study offers valuable insights to construction professionals, policymakers, and researchers seeking to improve labor productivity and optimize project outcomes.

The effect of lean manufacturing and physical work environment on labor productivity in the apparel industry in Indonesia: case study

In general, this research aims to analyze and determine the effect of the application of lean manufacturing which is focused on eliminating waste and the influence of the physical work environment on labor productivity. This research used primary data through the distribution of questionnaires conducted to employees of Company X with a total of 230 respondents from sections in departments directly related to research variables. Data analysis methods using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) measured by the Partial Least Square (PLS) model, and data processing using SmartPLS 4.0 Software. Based on the results of calculations, data analysis shows that the application of principles related to lean manufacturing, which in this research is focused on the process of eliminating waste has a positive effect on the productivity of the workforce. The creation of a physical work environment that meets standards also positively affects the productivity of the workforce.

Factors influencing maintenance labor productivity in the electricity industry

Factors influencing maintenance labor productivity in the electricity industry

The impact of industrial labour productivity on regional income differences in China

Since China’s reform and opening up, the eastern coastal areas have taken the lead in development, and formed significant regional development differences. One of the major reasons for the differences is the significant differences in industrial labour productivity between different regions. The purpose of this report is to examine the impact of industrial labour productivity on regional income differences, clarify its impact mechanism, and provide recommendations for regional coordinated development. This report adopted a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis. It used a regression model to examine the impact of industrial labour productivity on regional income differences in China, and made qualitative analysis to explain the impact mechanism. Through relevant analysis, this report mainly concluded three findings. Firstly, there are significant differences in industrial labour productivity between regions in China. Secondly, industrial labour productivity is proved to be an important factor affecting regional income differences in China. Thirdly, the Chinese government needs to narrow the gap in regional industrial labour productivity from multiple aspects, such as increasing human capital, strengthening technological innovation, optimising the market and institutional environ-ment, improving the incentive mechanism, etc. The research significance of this report lies in verifying the impact of China’s industrial labour productivity on regional income differences, and deeply analysing its impact mechanism. This has important policy implications for narrowing regional income differences in China.

Evaluation of field labor and management productivity in the USA construction industry

PurposeThe health of an economy is heavily dependent on the productivity of the economy's major industries including construction. While most macro-measures of productivity in the USA construction industry indicate a decline, corresponding studies at the individual task level indicate an increase in productivity. Therefore, this paper aims to identify areas where productivity challenges exist and thus provide recommendations for improvement in the construction industry.Design/methodology/approachA model that relates the way construction projects are executed with the sources of data that inform productivity analyses is developed and presented. This effort/value-flow model informs the data analysis that is performed to determine productivity trends for management and field labor. Further analysis for field labor productivity using field data and management productivity was separately conducted. Management productivity was particularly difficult to gauge, resulting in the use of surrogate measures.FindingsIt was observed that while both field labor and management productivities at the industry level have been decreasing, the decrease in management productivity was five times that of field labor productivity. A similar trend was observed for management productivity at the project level.Originality/valueThe primary contribution of this paper to the body of knowledge and industry is the introduction of a holistic analysis of USA construction productivity. Recommendations to improve management productivity include the use of technology, especially project management software.

The Effects of Health, Labor and Capital towards Labor Productivity in Manufacturing Industries

The manufacturing industry is the focus of this study, in which the proportion of its contribution to economic growth is experiencing a decreasing trend recently. Does it involve factors such as the input of capital, health, or workers that give significant impacts on labor productivity in the Malaysian manufacturing industry? This paper discovered the relationship between capital, health, and workers that consist of foreign and local labor with the labor productivity in the Malaysian manufacturing industry from 1986 to 2020. The Cobb-Douglas production function was used to derive the model specification in this study. The results showed that all variables are significant, in which capital and health have a positive relationship, whilst the factor of labor including local and foreign labor has a negative relationship with labor productivity. These findings may provide some insights into the improvement of manufacturing industries’ performance in Malaysia. It would be useful in determining which input factors significantly affected the productivity of manufacturing labor.

Maximizing Labor Productivity in the Herbal Medicine Industry

This study aimed to examine the impact of training, motivation, and work environment on the labour productivity of the Jamu Industry Center. The sample consisted of all 85 workers in the herbal medicine industry operation, who were selected using census sampling. A quantitative approach was utilized, and data were collected using questionnaires. Multiple linear regression analysis, partial tests, and simultaneous tests were employed to analyze the data. The results showed that training negatively and significantly affected labour productivity, while motivation and work environment had positive and significant impacts. Furthermore, training, motivation, and work environment collectively influenced labour productivity. The studied variables accounted for 68.3% of the variance in productivity. These findings suggest that improving the work environment and motivation may enhance labour productivity in the herbal medicine industry, while caution should be exercised when implementing training programs.

The relationship between robots and labour productivity: Does business scale matter?

Scholarly literature on the economic consequences of robotisation at the microeconomic level often does not take into account the pronounced digital gap between small and medium-sized businesses and large ones. In this regard, theoretical and real estimates may differ for companies of different sizes. The article studies the relationship between robotisation and labour productivity in the Russian industry in the context of size groups of companies. Methodologically, the study relies on the theory of the firm and economic theories explaining the essence of labour productivity and methods for evaluating it. The research analyses the data about 725 Russian industrial enterprises for 2017 using the methods of regression modeling. The data was obtained in the course of the fundamental research programme at the HSE University. According to the results, only small and medium-sized enterprises have a significant and reliable relationship between the introduction of robots and labour productivity. Probably due to the complexity of business processes, large businesses need deeper and more elaborate robotisation to gain labour productivity benefits. The calculations also demonstrate a negative relationship between exports and labour productivity in large companies, which contradicts the ‘classical’ ideas about the impact of export activities on the efficiency indicators. This may indicate that the high labour productivity of a considerable part of large Russian enterprises proceeds from their monopoly position in domestic markets, while formally less productive companies, which do not occupy dominant positions, appear to be competitive and motivated enough to enter foreign markets. The findings can be useful for the leadership of enterprises, especially that of SMEs, for the managerial decision-making in terms of increasing productivity, in particular, through robotisation of production.

Spatio-temporal interaction heterogeneity and driving factors of carbon emissions from theconstruction industry in China.

Global warming caused by carbon emissions has become a major issue that countries need to address. As the largest carbon emitter globally, the construction industry is one of the major contributors to carbon emissions in China. It is of significance for carbon reduction to study carbon emission from construction industry. Based on various methods, this study explored the spatio-temporal characteristics of carbon emissions and the driving factors of construction industry. This study found, in 2007, 2010, and 2012, carbon emissions from the construction industry exhibited an increasing trend, and the indirect carbon emissions accounted for approximately 77% of the total carbon emissions overall; in addition, the regional gaps in carbon emissions are widening. The space centers of gravity of direct, indirect, and total carbon emissions showed similar rotations in the counterclockwise direction and gradually shifted to the northeast direction. Carbon emissions from the construction industry were predominantly influenced by the total population, number of employees in construction industry, labor productivity in construction industry, added value of the construction industry, energy consumption in construction industry in 2007, evolution to the mutual influence of the total population, labor productivity in construction industry, and energy consumption in construction industry in 2012. The finds can make references for the regional sustainable development.

Assessing the total factor productivity growth decomposition: the transformation of economic growth momentum and policy choice in China.

How to maintain the momentum of sustained economic growth has always been an important issue of concern to all countries in the world. Using a three-level progressive analysis framework, the article provides an in-depth analysis of the evolution of supply-side economic growth drivers in China from 2003 to 2021 and the magnitude of their roles. The results show that in terms of the composition of growth drivers, total factor productivity makes the largest contribution to economic growth, while the contributions of capital scale and labor scale rank second and third, respectively; in terms of the industrial dimension, the changes in the contributions of each factor to GDP growth mainly originate from the influence of secondary and tertiary industries. From the decomposition of total factor productivity growth, industrial capital productivity and capital allocation structure both play a positive pulling effect on overall capital productivity, but have a weak downward trend. Industrial labor productivity and labor allocation structure both play a slight negative pulling effect on overall labor productivity; from the deep decomposition of growth momentum, industrial factor productivity and industrial factor allocation structure play a major positive pushing effect and a weak negative pushing effect on economic growth, respectively. The conclusion of this paper provides a valuable reference for developing countries on how to maintain the momentum of economic growth.

Potato growing industry of Belarus: regional peculiarities of cultivation, labor productivity and work efficiency

Potato cultivation in Belarus has long-standing traditions. This crop is grown everywhere by all categories of farms of the republic, among which the highest proportion (over 80 %) is occupied by personal subsidiary farms of the population. Significant regional peculiarities have developed in terms of the gross harvest of tubers. Thus, over a five-year period of time (2016–2020), farms of the Minsk and Brest regions differed, where up to 45 % of all potato tubers were harvested, and in all regions there was a dynamic decrease in gross potato production. For various reasons, the farms of some Belarusian regions, for example, the Gomel region, were characterized by poor crop yields. It is important to pay attention to the fact that during the studied period in potato-growing agricultural organizations in Belarus, the total (commercial) cost of 1 ton of products sold increased significantly (by more than 40 %), and in some years the potatoes sold turned out to be unprofitable. An in-depth study of the main production, economic and financial indicators for potato cultivation was carried out on the example of the experimental base “Natalyevsk” of the Chervensky district for the period 2019–2021, where significant volumes of tubers were produced. According to the reporting data of this farm, calculations of hourly labor productivity in the potato industry were performed using the current and proposed methodology. It was revealed that the average annual growth rate of labor productivity, calculated on the basis of net output, was 5,1 % ahead of the similar growth rate of labor productivity, found on the basis of gross output. The content of the article concludes with reasonable conclusions.

Performance Improvement of Construction Workers to Achieve Better Productivity for Labour-Intensive Works

This paper develops techniques to improve labour productivity in the construction industry and determine the level of labour productivity in the Ghanaian construction industry. The goal of this study was to develop a framework for determining the optimal productivity of construction workers for labour-intensive projects. There were three main objectives of this study: to identify factors that influence construction labour productivity in Ghana, to determine techniques used to improve construction labour productivity, and to develop a comprehensive framework for improving construction labour productivity in Ghana. The study adopted a quantitative research design that used a questionnaire. Since the country has been divided into zones, a stratified sampling technique was used based on the diverse nature of the population. Meanwhile, since the district offices were not all handling road construction projects, a purposive sampling technique was used to select 40 districts that were involved in road construction projects. A total of 560 respondents were sampled for the study. The data obtained from the study were analysed and are presented in tables and diagrams. The following factors played a significant role: the age of beneficiaries, the knowledge of beneficiaries, compliance with safety regulations, and the motivation of beneficiaries. Growing a project’s beneficiary base has been observed by many sites to be associated with a decrease in overall labour productivity (due to the overcrowding of workers). Recruiting new members should be conducted cautiously, as the government plans to use this medium to benefit the impoverished in the region. Construction workers can use this information to aid in firm decision-making. For planning purposes, this research can also be used as a useful tool for utilizing labour-intensive methods to increase productivity and meet contract deadlines by finishing a task as anticipated.

Impact of technological innovations on labor productivity in crop production

An important element in managing the economic results of economic entities is the search for reserves to increase labor productivity. The goal is to improve the methodology for calculating the impact of adaptive farming technologies on intensification of labor activity in grain production. Methods – statistical: data on technical solutions, machine systems, types of fertilizers, hydrothermal conditions, yields and areas of wheat crops, the number of workers employed in grain subcomplex-steppe zone of Northern Kazakhstan for 1961-2020. To assess the impact of specific components on the level of working productivity, the methods of regression and index analysis were used. The impact of production factors, including technological innovations, on the change in the criterion of beneficial effect in agricultural sector is quite accurately calculated by the proposed methods and procedures. Results – it has been determined that adaptive opportunities for obtaining agricultural products have a positive effect on increasing profitability and profi tability in agroindustrial complex. The expansion of the range of indicators and the tasks set makes it possible to make calculations with even greater reliability and accuracy. However, it should be borne in mind that the system of statistical accounting in countries with transit economies is at the stage of improvement. Conclusions – since the sixties, labor productivity in grain industry has undergone significant changes. Its growth rates differed in different time periods. Until the end of the last century, the indicator changed relatively slowly. A jump-like growth of more than two times was observed in the 2000s, due to a number of reasons, primarily the use of resource-saving mechanisms adapted to real external conditions and high-performance machines.

Analysis of Labour Productivity in Construction Industry Using Analytical Hierarchy Process and Linear Regression Method

Abstract: Construction is a labour-intensive industry. The project focuses on labour productivity in the construction industry. It covers the construction labour productivity aspects, factors affecting it, comparison between the actual labour outcomes. Regression analysis and analytic hierarchy process was used to develop a model to quantify labour productivity. The aim of this study is to identify the key factors that affect the labour productivity in construction industry. Survey is carried out through questionnaire and distributed to respondents who work at various projects in construction industry and the questionnaires are rated by project managers, experienced engineers and labours using their past experiences. The data are collected and analysed. Using this data the factors affecting labour productivity are identified and ranked. Thereafter, necessary suggestions are given to improve the labour productivity

Transformation of Economic Growth Momentum and Policy Choice: A Case Study of Guangdong Province in China

The mystery of China’s economic growth has been widely concerned by the world. However, little attention has been paid to the transformation of the economic growth momentum of Guangdong Province, which has long occupied the top in China’s economic growth. This paper analyzes the evolution and the transformation of the momentum source of economic growth in Guangdong Province from 1979 to 2019, using Total Factor Productivity Growth Decomposition method. The results show that capital investment contributes the most to economic growth, the contributions of total factor productivity, and labor input rank second and third, respectively; the change of the contribution of each momentum source to GDP growth mainly comes from the impact of the secondary industry. Both industrial capital productivity and capital allocation structure play a negative role in driving the overall capital productivity, and both industrial labor productivity and labor allocation structure play a positive role in driving the overall labor productivity. Industrial factor productivity and industrial factor allocation structure play a major positive role and a weak negative role in promoting economic growth, respectively. Our findings provide some ideas on how to maintain economic growth in the new era especially for the developing countries.

Sandwich-Structured textiles with hierarchically nanofibrous network and Janus wettability for outdoor personal thermal and moisture management

As the interlayer between the skin and the environment, textiles play a vital role in achieving personal comfort and safety by managing the localized human body thermal and moisture conditions. However, intense exercise or sunlight exposure in hot and humid outdoor environments still leads to the accumulation of heat and excessive sweat on the human body. This reduces industrial labor productivity and results in economic losses. Herein, a sandwich-structured textile with a hierarchically nanofibrous network and Janus wettability is demonstrated. This textile exhibits excellent spectral selectivity (with a solar reflectance of 93.4% and a human body infrared emittance of 96.3%), rapid sweat evaporation rate (0.26 g h−1), and directional water transport property (a one-way transport index of 1140%). In a practical scenario, a human body covered by this sandwich-structured textile achieved a temperature drop of ∼ 4.2 °C compared with a commercial cotton textile. Through the integration of decent outdoor radiative cooling and continuous sweat wicking-drying properties, this sandwich-structured textile exhibits enhanced personal thermal and moisture management performance. Consequently, this textile leads to a significant reduction in human sweat consumption and excessive heat stress in outdoor environments.

Анализ производительности труда в строительном секторе в регионах Приволжского федерального округа

The article analyzes labor productivity in the construction industry in the subjects of the Volga Federal District. It is revealed that the level of labor productivity by the type of economic activity "Construction" lags behind the average industry indicators. Also, in most regions of the Volga Federal District, labor productivity in the construction industry lags behind the average Russian values of the indicator. The identified problems of the development of the industry indicate the need to search for reserves for the growth of labor productivity in the subjects of the Volga Federal District.

Labor Productivity in Fuel and Energy Industry of Russia

The history of civilization - the history of the invention of new and new methods of energy conversion, development of its new sources and eventually increase of energy consumption. In the modern world, energy is the basis for the development of basic industries that determine the progress of social production. In all industrialized countries, energy development has outpaced other industries. Recent developments in the energy market have shown that with the transition to a market economy, the growth of reserves has really become unable to compensate for the use of fuel, energy and mineral resources. The current situation is therefore subject to threats to economic and defense security, which undoubtedly lead to socio-economic problems. There is no reason to expect that the rate of energy production and consumption will change significantly in the near term (some slowdown in the industrialized countries is offset by an increase in the energy intensity of third world countries) it is therefore important to understand what problems exist in the Russian power system, such as low productivity, and how to solve them. This is the reason for the relevance of this article. The author believes that at the present time the supply of the power industry with a personnel reserve raises questions. Part of the problem is related to the failure of succession between the Soviet and post-Soviet vocational education schools in 1990-2000, which began to resonate a decade later. Many important tasks for economic development require not only financial investment and technical support, but also the availability of professional staff to manage these transformations.

Pulsator for cleaning from asphaltene-resin-paraffin deposits

One of the factors that reduce labor productivity in the oil industry is the paraffinization of downhole equipment, oilfield pipes, pumps, oil collection and treatment equipment. The preventing paraffinization issue of field equipment is becoming increasingly essential. Complications caused by paraffin deposits lead to disruption of the normal operation of pumping units, metering devices, water separators, and reservoirs.