Transformation Of Labor Market Research Articles

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Economic Development: A Systematic Review

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force across various sectors, reshaping economies and societies globally. This review aims to provide a systematic analysis of the existing literature on the impact of AI on economic development. By conducting a combined bibliometric and content analysis of relevant studies from the past two decades, we identify major themes and research directions within the field. The review reveals that AI plays a significant role in enhancing productivity, fostering innovation, and driving economic growth. Key areas of influence include intelligent decision-making, labor market transformations, Industry 4.0, and social governance. However, AI also presents challenges such as ethical concerns, potential job displacement, and privacy risks. The findings highlight both opportunities and limitations of AI in economic contexts, emphasizing the need for policies that support positive economic impacts while mitigating adverse effects. This review provides scholars, policymakers, and industry leaders with a comprehensive understanding of AI’s evolving role in economic development and outlines future research directions to bridge current knowledge gaps.

Socioeconomic, Migration, and Political Upheaval Factors in Crime: Applying the Social Disorganization Theory in Turkey

ABSTRACTThis review attempts to provide a comprehensive investigation of the complex argument that socioeconomic conditions and crime are related through political instabilities and their impact on Turkey's economy, with a specific focus on social disorganization theory. By focusing on the Turkish labor market, this study examines the interplay of socioeconomic factors impacting crime rates and changing public views. This review highlights social disorganization and crime patterns via socioeconomic factors, migration, and political upheaval. By exploring the transformation of Turkey's labor market over many decades, this study aims to provide insights into the ongoing issues of the country.

METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE FUNCTIONING OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE CONTEXT OF ENSURING EMPLOYMENT OF THE POPULATION

In modern terms, the labour market is a complex socio-economic process that develops within the framework of social reproduction of labour potential. This mechanism creates a link between workers acting simultaneously in the roles of consumers and suppliers of labour resources. In today’s highly dynamic and innovation-oriented economy, there is a need for new forms of labour activity. These forms provide for flexibility, efficiency and constant renewal in the content, structure and types of labour, contributing to the improvement of the quality of human capital and the realisation of the intellectual and creative potential of the population. Innovative economic models supporting these trends have already attracted the attention of many countries striving for post-industrial development. The development of the labour market is determined both by the impact of market forces and government policies aimed at stimulating labour activity and innovation in employment. Additionally, the labour market is undergoing transformations due to globalisation, technological progress and changes in the demographic structure of the population. This requires the adaptation of employment policies and the development of new economic mechanisms to regulate labour relations, taking into account changing skill requirements, the increasing importance of continuous learning and the need to support the balance between labour market flexibility and social protection of workers. Keywords: labour market, employment, labour market regulation, labour market economics, labour market transformation.

The internationalization of higher education and labor market transformations study current and future digital capabilities

The fourth industrial revolution that the world is witnessing has constituted a global turning point in which artificial intelligence systems have begun to invade all fields, including the higher education system as a means of investing in human wealth by qualifying for employment. morocco is not immune to these changes, and therefore the problem of the extent to which Moroccan higher education keeps pace can be addressed. to international developments to acquire employability skills imposed by the international labor market to face external competition for positions by asking the problematic question: Does higher education in Morocco prepare the student to keep pace with employment developments in light of a changing world in the direction of internationalization, artificial intelligence, and digitization that has begun to invade the world of work? The aim of this research paper is to study the extent to which Moroccan university students master new global employability skills, to achieve this goal, we adopted the quantitative approach using questionnaire technology, distributing it to a number of students their number is 45 male and female students the research results showed that Moroccan students have partial mastery of international employability skills, and the university has taken steps toward improving education, but it is still at the beginning of the road, and needs to make more efforts in this field. Therefore, it is necessary to integrate these skills into university curricula. with the necessity of disseminating training curricula within universities and public institutions to provide equal opportunities for students while unifying the vision the future of skills required in the labor market. It also supports, encourages and assists students in training in developed and pioneering countries in the field of artificial intelligence, while granting incentive guarantees to return to the homeland, involving the private sector in exchanging experiences with universities by expanding the field training base.

Social Inequality in the Age of AI: Implications for Labor, Wage Distribution, and Worker Power

This article critically examines the multifaceted impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on social stratification, situated within the broader historical context of automation-driven productivity advances. Drawing on empirical evidence and evolving theoretical frameworks, we elucidate the intricate dynamics of labor market transformation, skill obsolescence, and wage distribution in the nascent AI epoch. We employ a nuanced task-based approach to move beyond simplistic dichotomies of skill-biased technological change, offering a granular understanding of AI-induced labor market polarization. Our analysis reveals that AI is reshaping the contours of inequality through complex interactions of skill restructuring, wage decoupling from productivity, and shifts in worker bargaining power. We argue that the current trajectory of AI development may accelerate capital-biased technological change, potentially exacerbating existing inequalities. This article not only contributes to the scholarly discourse on technological unemployment and income inequality but also serves as a foundation for evidence-based policymaking in navigating the uncharted territories of human-AI interaction.

IMPACT OF DIGITALIZATION OF THE ECONOMY ON TRANSFORMATION OF THE LABOR MARKET: OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS

The article discusses the current problems of digitalisation of the economy in the context of the transformation of the labour market and employment. The study notes that in the current economic conditions, the digitalisation of the economy is becoming a lever that significantly affects the labour market and changes its situation. The changes in the structure of vacancies, in the context of work, and in the professional competencies of the workforce are determined. The authors conclude that the digitalisation of the economy is a complex process that creates both additional opportunities and threats, especially in terms of employment. These trends and features draw the attention of many scholars to this topic and make it very relevant.The purpose of the article is to further develop theoretical provisions and practical recommendations on the impact of digitalisation of the economy on the transformation of the labour market and employment. The object of research is the process of labour market transformation, which is influenced by the digitalisation of the economy. The subject of the study is the theoretical and practical aspects of the impact of economic digitalisation on the transformational changes taking place in the labour market.The main results of the study: the evolution of the concept of ‘digital economy’ is investigated, the approaches of different authors to its essence are presented; the indicators of the labour market and employment in Ukraine are assessed, its features and development trends are determined; the essence of the concept of ‘digitalisation of the economy’ is clarified and specified; a conceptual scheme of digitalisation of the economy is proposed and substantiated; the opportunities and threats of the impact of the digitalisation of the economy on the labour market are summarised, as well as the expected results and possible consequences for employment are considered; measures of state regulation of employment are proposed in terms of opportunities and threats of the digitalisation of the economy to the labour market.

Labor Market Transformation: Implications of Technological Change in Society 5.0

Society 5.0 is resulting in transformation across a wide range of sectors, including manufacturing, education, healthcare, and services. Through the adoption of artificial intelligence, machines can carry out tasks that previously could only be performed by humans, resulting in significant changes in the types of jobs and skills available in the labor market. This research aims to detail and identify how technological changes affect the labor market, as well as explore solutions and strategies to capitalize on opportunities and deal with challenges that arise from these changes for society’s overall well-being. This research uses a literature study method with a predictive approach. The results showed that in the era of Society 5.0, people must improve their skills through education and training to adapt to the changes. Cross-sectoral cooperation between the government, the private sector, and the community is crucial. Joint efforts to formulate supportive policies and innovation in creating new sustainable jobs are vital to mitigating the negative impacts and harnessing the positive potential of technological change in the labor market. This research is expected to have a significant impact, ranging from policy development to improving social welfare, by comprehensively understanding how technology affects life and work in modern society.

The Russian labor market in the context of external and internal challenges

In a rapidly changing world, a situation of foreign political tension, informatization and technologization of the life of our state in all spheres of life, it is the labor market that is a kind of social indicator reflecting current problems, demands and trends in the development of Russian society. The labor market allows you to assess the size and structure of the country's population, to give characteristics of the working population, to assess the level of unemployment, health and prosperity of each family, etc. The active use of digital technologies and the use of artificial intelligence create new conditions for human life and work, while defining new requirements for it. The labor market is responsive to these changes. The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of the labor market caused by changes in the external and internal living conditions of the Russian state. The purpose of the study is to identify and substantiate the directions of transformation of the Russian labor market as a social and economic tool for the development of the economy and the social sphere. The article presents a quantitative and qualitative analysis of statistical information and analytical indicators of the labor market over the past 33 years (from 1990 to 2023), as well as summarizes and substantiates current problems and difficulties in the development of the labor sector in today's difficult realities. The significance of the research lies in the possibility of using the results of quantitative and qualitative analysis of the current state of the labor market, its demands and new development trends to train qualitatively new personnel, increase the competitiveness of employees and employers, and therefore to reduce social tension in society and economic growth in Russia.

Трудовая миграция в России: адаптация к трансформациям рынка труда

В статье анализируются процессы адаптации трудовых мигрантов к трансформациям российского рынка труда в 2010–2023 гг. Выделяются два периода: плавных изменений рынка труда в процессе структурных изменений в экономике (2010–2019 гг.) и шоковых кризисов 2020–2023 гг. Особое внимание уделяется последнему периоду, когда иностранные работники были вынуждены приспосабливаться к экстраординарным изменениям рынка труда вследствие пандемии, а также внешне- и внутриполитических событий после февраля 2022 г. В 2010-е годы трудовые мигранты постепенно адаптировались к трансформациям российского рынка труда, связанным с изменениями в структуре видов экономической деятельности и востребованных занятий. Немалую роль сыграли реформы миграционного законодательства 2013–2016 гг., упростившие процедуры их доступа к российскому рынку труда, перестройка взаимоотношений с работодателями, достижение определенного взаимопонимания между мигрантами и принимающим населением. Адаптивные способности трудовых мигрантов особо проявились во время неординарных шоков на рынке труда в 2020-е годы. Мигранты из среднеазиатских государств, воспользовавшись уходом с рынка конкурентов из других государств бывшего СССР, который они не собирались покидать, быстро вернулись на рынок труда после первой волны пандемии, освоив новые ниши занятости. Диверсификация видов экономической деятельности, сокращение разрыва в оплате труда с российскими гражданами, сокращение масштабов незаконной трудовой деятельности и неформальной занятости — наиболее заметные результаты адаптации трудовых мигрантов к изменениям рынка труда. Серьезными проблемами российского рынка труда, не способствующими адаптации к нему трудовых мигрантов, остаются его сегментация с сопутствующей сверхквалификацией, недоиспользованием человеческого капитала, стремление государства рутинизировать контроль и надзор над работодателями и иностранными гражданами. Статья базируется на социологических обследованиях трудовых мигрантов и работодателей, проведенных в 2011–2023 гг. The article analyzes the processes of adaptation of migrant workers to the transformations of the Russian labor market in 2010–2023. Two periods are distinguished: smooth changes in the labor market in the process of structural changes in the economy (2010–2019) and shock crises in 2020–2023. Special attention is paid to the latter period, when foreign workers were forced to adapt to extraordinary changes in the labor market due to the pandemic, as well as foreign and domestic political events after February 2022. In the 2010s, migrant workers gradually adapted to the transformations of the Russian labor market associated with changes in the structure of economic activities and in-demand occupations. A signifi cant role was played by the reforms of migration legislation in 2013–2016, which simplifi ed the procedures for their access to the Russian labor market, the restructuring of relations with employers, and a certain mutual understanding between migrants and the host population. The adaptive abilities of migrant workers were particularly evident during the extraordinary shocks in the labor market in the 2020s. Migrants from Central Asian states, taking advantage of the withdrawal from the market of competitors from other post- Soviet states, which they did not intend to leave, quickly returned to the labor market after the fi rst wave of the pandemic, mastering new employment niches. Diversifi cation of economic activities, narrowing of the wage gap with Russian citizens, reduction of illegal labor activities and informal employment are the most visible results of migrant workers’ adaptation to changes in the labor market. Serious problems of the Russian labor market that do not contribute to the adaptation of migrant workers to it remain its segmentation with associated overqualifi cation, underutilization of human capital, and the state’s desire to routinize control and supervision over employers and foreign citizens. The article is based on sociological surveys of migrant workers and employers conducted in 2011–2023.

Transformations of the Russian Labor Market: First and Second Waves

The research significance is determined because over the past three years the Russian labor market has gone through two waves of transformations. The COVID-19 epidemic caused the first wave of transformations, which continued until the end of 2021. The second one, caused by introducing sanctions against Russia, began in February 2022 and continued to this day. The subject of the study is the functioning parameters of the Russian labor market and the major new trends in its development. The paper aims to identify problem areas in the labor market and analyze measures for its development. It also examines the reform of the public employment service and improvement of labor legislation. Information sources: Russian and foreign scientific publications, specialized studies, as well as official open data from the state bodies. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the multidimensional approach to the analysis of the Russian labor market transformation in two waves, trends and for its outlooks growth.

Economic and Political Dynamics of Globalization: A Review of Continuity and Change in Research Focus

This paper delves into the multifaceted phenomenon of globalization and examines its contemporary manifestations. Globalization, characterized by increasing interconnectedness and interdependence among nations, has gained momentum through technological advancements, trade, and communication. In the context of historical dialectics, capitalism, and political economy, this study explores the evolving landscape of globalization and its implications for the modern world. The investigation aims to bridge the gap between past research and emerging trends, analyzing the complex relationship between economic interdependence and global dynamics. Through a systematic review of literature, including original research and review studies, the study uncovers a diverse array of topics, from geopolitical dynamics and ecological innovations to labor market disruptions and international trade evolution. While traditional themes such as inequality, technological advancements, and historical origins remain vital, contemporary discourse encompasses ecological sustainability, labor market transformations, and strategic geopolitical interactions. Notably, recent research highlights the role of economic diplomacy and strategies of dominant players, such as the EU, the US, and China, in shaping global markets. Furthermore, it emphasizes the intersection of technology, innovation, and globalization, particularly within industries and labor markets. Through an examination of the past, present, and future, this work aims to foster a comprehensive understanding of globalization's diverse dimensions, aiding policymakers, economists, and businesses in making informed choices.

Typologizing Digital Nomad Visas: Comparing Policy Rationales from Tourism to Wealth Accumulation to Immigration

This article presents a comparative case study of the “Digital Nomad Visas” (DNVs) of Croatia, Thailand and Spain. Analysing common themes for these visas, the article identifies varying policy rationales that have guided their development, naming these the tourism, wealth accumulation and immigration rationales. The article then introduces a two-scale typology of DNVs centred around the dimensions of civic attachment and temporality. The findings illustrate the evolving nature of DNVs from ad hoc pandemic responses to strategic tools for socio-economic development and draw attention to the visas’ role in the broader context of global mobilities and labour market transformations.

Specifics of Systematic Challenges Development on Highly Qualified Labor Market

Key issues of Russian labor market transformation in the context of new challenges are discussed in this article. The authors pay special attention to the issue of perception of “high qualification” notion considering rising importance of soft skills. The authors’ approach to the solution of work force shortage issue is based on the analysis of trends in Russian labor market presented in the article and provides for two sources: retraining and reproduction of manpower on national base, and attraction of foreign specialists. The employer bears final responsibility for the professional’s work results regardless of model used to assess qualification, so the employers’ role in assessing (and more importantly developing) staff qualification should be fundamental.

How our longitudinal employment patterns might shape our health as we approach middle adulthood-US NLSY79 cohort.

Recent labor market transformations brought on by digital and technological advances, together with the rise of the service economy since the 1980s, have subjected more workers to precarious conditions, such as irregular work hours and low or unpredictable wages, threatening their economic well-being and health. This study advances our understanding of the critical role employment plays in our health by examining how employment patterns throughout our working lives, based on work schedules, may shape our health at age 50, paying particular attention to the moderating role of social position. The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-1979 (NLSY79), which has collected 30+ years of longitudinal information, was used to examine how employment patterns starting at ages 22 (n ≈ 7,336) might be associated with sleep hours and quality, physical and mental functions, and the likelihood of reporting poor health and depressive symptoms at age 50. Sequence analysis found five dominant employment patterns between ages 22 and 49: "mostly not working" (10%), "early standard hours before transitioning into mostly variable hours" (12%), "early standard hours before transitioning into volatile schedules" (early ST-volatile, 17%), "mostly standard hours with some variable hours" (35%), and "stable standard hours" (26%). The multiple regression analyses indicate that having the "early ST-volatile" schedule pattern between ages 22 and 49 was consistently, significantly associated with the poorest health, including the fewest hours of sleep per day, the lowest sleep quality, the lowest physical and mental functions, and the highest likelihood of reporting poor health and depressive symptoms at age 50. In addition, social position plays a significant role in these adverse health consequences. For example, whereas non-Hispanic White women reported the most hours of sleep and non-Hispanic Black men reported the fewest, the opposite was true for sleep quality. In addition, non-Hispanic Black men with less than a high school education had the highest likelihood of reporting poor health at age 50 if they engaged in an employment pattern of "early ST-volatile" between ages 22 and 49. In comparison, non-Hispanic White men with a college degree or above education had the lowest likelihood of reporting poor health if they engaged in an employment pattern of stable standard hours. This analysis underscores the critical role of employment patterns in shaping our daily routines, which matter to sleep and physical and mental health as we approach middle adulthood. Notably, the groups with relatively disadvantaged social positions are also likely to be subject to nonstandard work schedules, including non-Hispanic Blacks and people with low education; hence, they were more likely than others to shoulder the harmful links between nonstandard work schedules and sleep and health, worsening their probability of maintaining and nurturing their health as they approach middle adulthood.

Skill Development to Maximize the Benefits of Integration into Global Value Chains

Goods that were previously manufactured within a single country are now fragmented and dispersed across global production networks. As a result, countries are no longer required to develop complete industries solely for export purposes. Instead, companies can achieve access to global markets by concentrating on particular products or tasks within the value chain. At present, the sharing of components is commonplace, and numerous regions in the developing world are deeply integrated into global value chains. It is undeniable that countries engage in this type of activity with several national objectives, and one of the most significant is undoubtedly the enhancement of employment opportunities. In this context, workers in developing countries, including Arab nations, frequently find themselves occupying lower-skilled positions within value chains. This situation arises from a vicious cycle encompassing insufficient education, limited training, jobs with low productivity, and subsequently, low wages. Hence, the issue lies not primarily in the scarcity of employment opportunities, but rather in the deficiency of skills necessary for value creation. To fully capitalize on the advantages of job integration, Arab countries must elevate themselves to a level where they become crucial contributors to global trade based on value chains. However, achieving this ambition presents formidable challenges of significant complexity. Among these challenges, economic underdevelopment, a substantial scientific and technological gap, and the failure of educational systems to adapt to labor market transformations emerge as the most prominent obstacles. The study concluded that the issue of integration in value chains is based on an important element to enable countries to maximize their benefits from global trade, which is to provide employees with the required skills such proficiency in technology, problem-solving, communication, critical thinking, and a proactive attitude towards learning. By fostering this diverse skill set and others, a country can achieve greater specialization in international production, surpassing other nations both quantitatively and qualitatively within the production chain.

Investigating Labor Market Transformations in Northern Sweden

Investigating Labor Market Transformations in Northern Sweden

Current State and Prospects of Development of the Self-Employed Market

Relevance. The ongoing transformational processes of economic systems, the development of IT technologies, communications, and cryptogenologies contribute to the development of innovative forms of labor organization and their types. There is a revaluation of the cost of labor, a change in the conditions of its employment, the structure of the labor market is changing due to non-standard forms of employment and employment, respectively, all this has a significant impact not only on the economic, but also on the social component of society. It should be noted that one of the most widespread and dynamically developing forms of employment in the labor market today is "self-employment", which requires in-depth study in the context of global changes. The purpose is the study involves an analysis of the current situation of non-standard forms of employment, in particular the category of "self-employment". Objectives: to consider the main trends in the self-employed labor market; to identify factors contributing to the rapid growth of the number of self-employed. Methodology: logical and systematic analysis of information sources in the field of self-employment development; expert opinion and personal observations; content analysis of Russian social networks. Results: an assessment of the impact of the digital economy on the development of the labor market, changes in its structure, forms of employment is given, a range of problems and opportunities related to state employment assistance is outlined. Conclusions. Current trends and future prospects for employment development in the context of labor market transformation are associated with an increase in the number of self-employed both abroad and in the Russian Federation. And the ongoing transformations significantly affect the change in the structure of labor relations and their digitalization. Therefore, in order to ensure positive dynamics in the labor market, it is necessary to integrate research on self-employment in economics, labor law, sociology and psychology.

PRACTICAL TRAINING OF HIGHER EDUCATION LEARNERS IN SPECIALTY STOMATOLOGY AT BUKOVINIAN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

Considerable changes have taken place in the health care system of Ukraine. Theseprocesses produce a great influence on higher medical education, and therefore, it issignificantly transforming. Comprehensive mastering of a substantial amount of practicalskills, continuous advance of professional training quality is one of the important tasks athigher medical educational institutions. Training of a dentist involves practical trainingof essential common medical manipulations as well as special skills in diagnostics,prevention, and treatment of dental diseases.Objective structured clinical exam (OSCE) is a leading one in training of highereducation learners in the field of dentistry. The exam stimulates learning and concentratesstudent attention on acquiring clinical competence, increases the quality of educationalexperience of those taking the exam. It provides validity and reliability of assessment,qualitative feedback relations with current assessment of knowledge and skills of students.Objective – to analyze the educational- professional program «Stomatology» anddirections of its implementation among higher education learners at the departments ofstomatology.Materials and methods. Analysis of the educational- professional program «Stomatology»,psychological- pedagogical and methodological literature, materials of educationalmethodological conferences, methodological work of the departments. To achieve theaim, to specify the content and peculiarities of implementation of up-to-date pedagogicalmethods in the educational process the following theoretical methods of the research areapplied: analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison, and systematization.Conclusions. Implementation of the educational program 221 «Stomatology» atBukovinian State Medical University is based on current scientific achievements ofstomatology and dentistry aid system. The program considers special distinctive featuresin the development of the regional health care system under conditions of labor markettransformation. Education is focused on a qualified practical dentistry training oflearners by means of integration of international innovation educational technologies.OSCE produces a positive effect on the educational process, since it stimulates learning.The attention of learners is concentrated on mastering clinical competence. Studentknowledge is assessed under conditions as close as possible to clinical ones. It helpsaccurate assessment of their skills and abilities necessary in professional work.

Social well-being of the self-employed in the conditions of labor market transformation

Social well-being of the self-employed in the conditions of labor market transformation

On the issue of professional pension risks in the Republic of Kazakhstan

This article covers a current topic professional pension provision for those employed under hazardous and difficult working conditions, the international experience of professional pension schemes, and stages in creating one in Kazakhstan. To identify and set compensation for employees who worked under harmful and/or other adverse working conditions, determine employer participation levels in production processes, as well as assess any required capital investments by employers to enhance working conditions.This article presents an in-depth examination of Kazakhstan's existing pension system with respect to occupational risks faced by employees from various sectors of its economy. Additionally, its effectiveness was evaluated within a context of demographic shifts, labor market transformation and an increase in informal sector workers. Recommendations are made for strengthening the pension system to ensure its sustainability and adaptability with changing socio-economic conditions, with comparisons made against international best practices as well as suggestions on integrating them into Kazakhstani society.The authors propose a set of measures aimed at strengthening the professional pension system, such as strengthening its regulatory framework and activating investment activities of pension funds, developing tools to encourage employers to improve working conditions, increasing financial transparency and increasing financial responsibility.