Labour In Primigravida Research Articles

Effectiveness of Auricular Acupucture (Akar) on Interleukin-6 Levels and Duration of Labor in The Primigravidal Active Phase

Background: Auricular acupuncture (AKAR) is a diagnostic and treatment system based on normalizing bodily dysfunctions through stimulation of specific points on the ear. Ear stimulation involves neurological reflexes, neurotransmitters, cytokines, the immune system, and inflammation. Subjects and Method: This study is a true experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group. The study population was all 43 primigravida mothers who were expected to give birth between May and July 2023. The research sample was part of the first stage of labor during the primigravida active phase. The selection of research subjects was carried out by consecutive sampling. Subjects who met the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups, namely the AKAR intervention group and the deep breathing relaxation control group. The dependent variable was auricular acupuncture, and the independent variable was a duration of labor and interleukin-6. The instrument uses laboratory tests that are carried out, the research site only has a simple laboratory room and does not have a deep freezer - 800C, so the biomarker test is carried out in the laboratory. Assessment of the length of labor using a partograph. Data analysis used the Mann-Whitney test, the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test and the Independent Sample test Results: The results of post-treatment serum IL-6 levels in the AKAR group were higher (Mean= 187.24; SD= 41.65) pg/mL before the pre-treatment (Mean= 157.67; SD= 51.85) pg/mL, and this difference was significant (p <0.001). Post-treatment serum IL-6 levels in the RND group were higher (Mean= 181.30; SD= 56.86) pg/mL before the pre-treatment (155.65; SD= 50.07) pg/mL. The results of the pre-treatment serum IL-6 levels in the AKAR group were slightly higher (Mean= 157.67; SD= 51.85) pg/mL compared to the RND group (Mean= 155.65; SD= 50.07) pg/mL. Post-treatment, the IL-6 serum level in the AKAR group were higher (Mean= 187.24; SD= 41.65) pg/mL compared the RND group (Mean= 181.30; SD=56.86) pg/mL. The AKAR group had 12 (57%) active phase I stages of labor that lasted less than 360 minutes and 9 (33%) more than 360 minutes. In the RND group, 9 (45%) delivered less than 360 minutes, and 11 (55%) more than 360 minutes. The mean length of labor for the AKAR group was shorther (Mean= 365.40; SD= 65.60) minutes than the RND group (Mean= 407.55; SD = 77.27). Conclusion: There was a difference between IL-6 levels before and after treatment, so it was concluded that AKAR and RND affected serum IL-6 levels in the first stage of labor in the active primigravida phase. There was no significant difference in the length of labor in the active phase of the first stage of labor in primigravidas between AKAR and RND. Keywords: acupuncture, auricular, interleukin-6, length of labor. Correspondence: Setiana Andarwulan. Program Study Midwife Professional Education, Faculty of Science and Health, PGRI Adi Buana University, Surabaya Jl Dukuh Menanggal XII No. 4, East Java, Indonesia. Email: setianaandarwulan@unipasby.ac.id. Mobile: 085806227033.

Propranolol and Misoprostol versus Misoprostol Alone for Induction of Labour in Primigravidas

Background Induction of labor is indicated when risks to maternal or fetal health out weight benefits of continuing the pregnancy. One of the most common reasons for labor induction is postterm pregnancy (ie,> 41 weeks of gestation). Objectives The aim of the study is to compare propranolol and misoprostol versus misoprostol alone for induction of labour in primigravidas. Patients and Methods This study included one hundred and twenty eight pregnant fullterm primigravida women, they were divided randomly into two equal groups. In both group, every patient received 25 microgram of misoprostol vaginally under aseptic prequations then every 6 hours with maximum 4 doses until efficient uterine contractions is reached three or more in 10 minutes each lasting for 45 seconds for induction of labor. Then after 30 minutes patients in group A received oral propranolol 20 mg and patients in group B received oral placebo in the form of sugary tablets, then womens monitored for fetal and maternal wellbeing and progress of labor. Results In this study, all the parturients were primigravid, it was highly considered to recruit parturient of almost similar conditions. The mean age of women included in the study was (23.3+/4.1) and the mean gestational age of the parturient was range (38 – 42) weeks. The mean pre induction Bishop score was range (2-6), we select only women with Bishop score of 6 or less considering the fact that the main goal for using medication for induction of labor was the reppening of an unfaverable cervix. There was no statistical difference between both groups as regards initial basic characteristics. There was no statically significant difference between propranolol and placebo research group regarding birth weight, apgar score at 1 and 5 minutes and NICU administration and patients satisfaction. Conclusion From the previous results regarding the propranolol effectiveness and safety, it dose not seem to negatively influence the fetus as apgar score at 1 and 5 minutes and the need for NICU admission were not influenced by its administration. And on the other hand, propranolol was significant in reduction the time latent phase and therefore the total duration of labor. Taking in mind this significant results it seems that propranolol might become a useful obestetrical tool for induction of labor in the future.

Effect of Birthing Balls on the Length of First Stage Labor among Primigravidas at the Barokah Main Clinic Bandung City in 2021

Background: Labor and birth are physiological events and normal. Delivery is said to be normal if the process is full term (37-42 weeks) without any complications. Birth ball is a technique to help progress labor that can be used during the first stage of labour. Until now, not much is known and not familiar with birth balls, even though birth balls are very effective in speeding up the delivery process. The advantage of using this birth ball is that it increases blood flow to the uterus, placenta and baby, relieves pressure and can increase the output of the pelvis by as much as 30%, provides comfort for the knees and ankles, provides counter-pressure on the perineum and erect thighs.
 Objective: To determine the average duration of the first stage of labor in primigravidas using a birth ball and without using a birth ball and to determine the effect of a birthing ball on the duration of the first stage of labor in primigravidas
 Methodology: This study used a quasi-experimental method with a Randomized Two-Group, Posttest only design. Held at the Barokah Main Clinic in Bandung City. The time of the research was carried out from June to July 2021. The research sample was primigravida in the first stage of the birth of 30 respondents with data analysis using the Mann Whitney test and independent sample t-test. Results: Based on the results of the study using the Mann Whitney test and the independent t-test, the p value <0.05 was obtained.
 Conclusion: There is a difference in the average duration of the first stage of labor in primigravidas using a birth ball and without using a birth ball. It is expected that women in labor can know the function of the birth ball so that they can maximize the use of the birth ball in the delivery process.

Effectiveness of The Combination Gym Ball and Peanut Ball Techniques on The Duration of Active Phase I Labor in Primigravida

Effectiveness of The Combination Gym Ball and Peanut Ball Techniques on The Duration of Active Phase I Labor in Primigravida

A pilot study to compare propranolol and misoprostol versus misoprostol and placebo for induction of labor in primigravidae; a randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled trial

BackgroundThe Induction of labor is the most common obstetric procedure in daily practice. Introducing propranolol as a new drug to augment the action of prostaglandins will help in the induction process and decrease CS rates. Several researchers have used propranolol in the augmentation of labor.AimThis pilot study compares propranolol and misoprostol versus misoprostol alone for labor induction in primigravids.MethodsThis is a Randomized clinical trial, single-blinded, placebo-controlled trial at Ain Shams University Maternity hospital. This study included 128 pregnant full-term primigravid women candidates for labor induction, randomized into two groups. All candidates underwent labor induction with 25 µg of vaginal misoprostol. Group I received 20 mg of oral propranolol tablets, while group II received sugary pills as a placebo. Candidates who responded successfully to induction were assessed for possible augmentation of labor by amniotomy or oxytocin infusion. The Primary outcome was induction to delivery interval, while the secondary outcomes were the duration of the latent phase, mode of delivery, and APGAR score of the neonate.ResultsThe induction-delivery time was (11.8 ± 8.1 h. vs. 12.6 ± 8.9 h., P value = 0.027) and the duration of the latent phase of labor (7.9 ± 5.6 h. vs. 9.2 ± 6.03 h., P value = 0.017) were significantly shorter in the group of misoprostol and propranolol compared to the group of misoprostol and placebo. There was no statistically significant difference between both groups’ mode of delivery, indications for cesarean section, misoprostol, and oxytocin doses, or neonatal outcome. (P value > 0.05).ConclusionPropranolol, when used with misoprostol for induction of labor, results in augmentation of action of misoprostol and a significantly shorter induction-delivery interval.Trial registrationWe retrospectively registered this trial in clinicaltrial.gov on 01/09/2020 (NCT04533841). https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04533841

The Effect of Gym Ball on Reducing Low Back Pain, Labor Pain, and Progress in Primigravida Labor

Introduction: The average third-trimester pregnant woman often experiences lower back pain and it is caused by a shift in the woman's center of gravity and her posture becoming increasingly lordotic due to the growing weight of the uterus, excessive bending, walking without rest, and lifting weights. Pregnancy exercise with a ball or gym ball is an effective way to reduce back pain during the third trimester of pregnancy. In addition to reducing pain during pregnancy and childbirth, the gym ball can also accelerate labor in primigravida and increase the effectiveness of sleep in third-trimester pregnant women. Objective: This literature review was conducted to find references related to the Gym Ball in reducing low back pain, labor pain, and labor progress. Method: This literature review was conducted using the PRISMA method (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta-Analyses). Result: Based on the articles that have been analyzed, it can be determined that using the gym ball can reduce lower back pain in the third trimester, ease labor pain, and accelerate the progress of labor in primigravida mothers. Conclusion: The gym ball can provide relaxation to the muscles so that it can reduce pain in the back, reduce labor pain, accelerate labor, and improve the mother's sleep quality. Referring to that, it is suggested that all health facilities be able to provide gym ball services, which are given to pregnant women since the third trimester as one of the preparatory activities for childbirth.

Occurrence of post-partum hemorrhage in spontaneous versus induced labor in primigravida at term in a tertiary care hospital of Peshawar

Introduction: Occurrence of post-partum hemorrhage (PPH) is a serious life-threatening complication of delivery and can occur with both normal vaginal delivery as well as induced labor. It is important to define the extent of blood loss after either procedure to adopt the safer method, particularly in complicated deliveries.
 Objective: To compare the occurrence of post-partum hemorrhage in spontaneous and induced labor in primigravida at term at a tertiary care hospital of Peshawar.
 Materials & Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department (Gynae B unit), Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar from 31/5/2019 to 31/11/2019. Total patients observed were 134. All women were subjected to complete history taking and detailed examination. Brief obstetrical history, period of gestation, mode of onset of labor and frequency of post-partum hemorrhage (more than 500 ml after vaginal delivery) were noted. Women were induced with prostaglandin E2 gel only. The second gel was repeated after 6 hours if first attempt was failed. No more than three gels were used. Women were excluded from the study if they failed to go into labor even after the third gel. After vaginal delivery sanitary pads were used for blood loss estimation. They were weighed beforehand and after being soaked with blood, they were again weighed and the difference was noted as 1gm = 1ml. Descriptive statistics were done by SPSS 21.
 Results: The mean age of subjects was 32 ± 3.90 years Forty two percent patients had BMI ≤25 and 58% patients had BMI >25. Seventy two percent of patients were having spontaneous labor and 28% were having induced labor. Twenty percent of patients had post-partum hemorrhage, 7% in spontaneous labor while 44% in induced labor, showing significant difference (p=0.03).
 Conclusion: Post-partum hemorrhage occurred significantly more frequently in primigravid women at term undergoing induction of labor as compared to spontaneous labor.

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN BIRTH BALL TERHADAP PENURUNAN NYERI PERSALINAN KALA I FASE AKTIF PADA PRIMIGRAVIDA

Management of labor pain is an attempt to reduce MMR. Labor pain must be treated in an effective way because if the pain is accompanied by a stress reaction, it will have harmful side effects for the mother and also the fetus. The midwife at the Ngesrep Health Center has never used birth balls as an intervention to treat inpartu mothers. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using a birth ball on reducing labor pain in the active phase of the 1st stage. This type of research is a quasi-experimental design with one group pretest posttest design. The population in this study were all mothers with an estimated day of birth in July to August 2022 who will give birth at the Ngesrep Health Center Semarang. The sampling technique was purposive sampling and the number of samples was 31 people. Data collection tools used in this study include Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), Birth Ball Techniques, Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Observation Sheets and birth balls with a diameter of 55 cm or 65 cm. Data analysis was carried out using the paired sample t test. The results of the study obtained a t value of 9.613 which means that every 1 time birth ball intervention with 4 movements for 30 minutes makes the primigravida have the potential to be 9.613 times to be able to reduce labor pain in the active phase of the 1st stage. The p-value is 0.000 <0.05, so the hypothesis (H0) is rejected and (Ha) is accepted, so it can be concluded that there is an effect of using birth balls on reducing labor pain in the active phase of the 1st stage of labor in primigravida at Ngesrep Health Center Semarang. For health services, it is expected that the use of birth balls can be used as an alternative to reduce labor pain in the active phase of the 1st stage of primigravida.

Expression of Concern: The effect of hyoscine butylbromide on the duration and progress of labor in primigravidae: a randomized controlled trial

Expression of Concern: The effect of hyoscine butylbromide on the duration and progress of labor in primigravidae: a randomized controlled trial

The Relationship Of Participation In Pregnancy Exercise With The Duration Of The Second Stage Of Labor In Primigravida

The duration of labor has a risk of causing perinatal death twice as high as normal delivery. The duration of this second stage in primiparas and multiparas is different, namely in primiparas it lasts 1.5-2 hours while in multiparas it lasts 0.5-1 hours. Efforts that can be made by pregnant women so that delivery runs smoothly can be controlled by doing pregnancy exercises. This study aims to determine the relationship between participation in pregnancy exercise and the duration of the second stage of labor in primigravida at the Pratama Bunda Tessa Lubuk Pakam Clinic in 2022. This type of research is a quantitative study with a descriptive correlation design through a cross sectional approach. The population of this study were all primigravida mothers who had delivered at the Mother Tessa Primary Clinic as many as 30 people. The sampling technique used a total sampling of 30 people. The research instrument used a questionnaire sheet which was analyzed using the chi-square test. The results showed that 50% of primigravida mothers who followed pregnancy exercise routinely and 50% who did not participate in pregnancy exercise. The duration of the second stage of labor in primigravida was normal (46.7%), fast (33.3%) and slow (20%). Through the chi-square test obtained p-value = 0.006. The conclusion of this study is the relationship between pregnancy exercise participation and the duration of the second stage of labor in primigravida. So it is hoped that the Mother Tessa Primary Clinic will provide Health Education to pregnant women about the causes of the length of labor, especially in the second stage. And it is also hoped that the clinic can maintain and implement policies for implementing pregnancy exercise for pregnant women, especially primigravida mothers, in an effort to maintain fitness and prepare physically and mentally in the delivery process.

POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE IN SPONTANEOUS VERSUS INDUCED LABOR IN PRIMIGRAVIDA AT TERM

Objectives: To compare the frequency of Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH) in spontaneous Vs induced labor in Primigravidas at term. Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study, conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynae­cology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, and Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar. A total of 134 Primigravidas, were enrolled through non probability consecutive sampling after taking informed consent. PPH was noted for individual patients, who were grouped as those undergoing spontaneous labor and those entering labor after the process of induction with Misoprostol. All the data was entered and analyzed with the help of SPSS 21. Results: The study was conducted on 134 primigravida women subjected to either spontaneous or induced labor. The mean age of the whole study sample was 27.5 + 4.8 years. The mean BMI of the whole study sample was 22.3 + 1.7kg/m2. The sample of 134 women, 59.7% (n=80) were having spontaneous labor while 40.3% (n=54) were induced using Misoprostol. The overall frequency of PPH was recorded in 26.9% (n=36) of the sample. When stratified with regards to the mode of labor onset, it was found that there is a significant increase in the frequency of PPH in Primigravidas with induced labour. Conclusion: The frequency of PPH is significantly high in women who are subjected to induced labor as compared to spontaneous labor.

Cohort Study: Pregnant Exercise with Primigravida Stage II of Labor Delivery

Pregnancy exercise is a program for healthy pregnant women to prepare for the mother's physical condition. Suppose the mother does not do pregnancy exercise. In that case, she will experience aches, get tired quickly during pregnancy, and her delivery is not smooth in the second stage, thereby increasing fetal distress. This study determined the relationship between pregnancy exercise and the duration of the second stage of labor in primigravida in the Ambunten Health Center Work Area. The study design used a cohort analytic using a retrospective approach. The population was all primigravida women giving birth from September 2019 to September 2021. The sample taken was 179 respondents using a non-probability sampling technique. The second stage of labor They were then analyzed using the chi-square test. The results obtained from 179 respondents who did pregnancy exercise during the second stage of labor (74%) and did not do pregnancy exercise were not smooth (9%). The data analysis obtained the results with a p-value (0.000) and an error rate of the p-value (0.05). Conclusion H0 is rejected, and H1 is accepted. This means that there is a relationship between pregnancy exercise and the duration of the second stage of labor in primigravida in the Ambunten Health Center Work Area. This study concludes that respondents who did pregnancy exercise experienced a smooth process of the second stage of labor. Thus, it is recommended that respondents be more active in carrying out pregnancy exercises and that health workers intensify pregnant women to participate in classes for pregnant women.

Efficacy of Phloroglucinol vs Drotaverine Hydrochloride in Shortening in Primigravidae at Term the Active Phase of the First Stage of Labor

Primigravida women are those who conceive for the first time and are at high risk group for complications during childbirth Objective: To compare the effectiveness of phloroglucinol i/v and drotaverine hydrochloride by measurement of the 1st stage of labor in primigravidae. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was held in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Allama Iqbal Memorial Teaching Hospital Sialkot and The Indus hospital QF-NST Campus Lahore for six-months duration from July to December 2021. Several factors were used to determine the inclusion of primigravida females, including age range of 20- 35 years, 38-42 weeks of gestational age at LMP with single pregnancy, Uterine contractions up to 3 cm if they occur at 3-4, 10 minutes before both drugs are given, ROM, no signs of fetal and maternal distress, patient in the first stage of labour. All of the cases were divided into two groups: A and B. Group 'A' received phloroglucinol 40mg (4ml) i/v at 4 cm dilation, and the dosage was repetitive at 8 cm dilation. At 4cm dilation, Group 'B' received drotaverine 40mg i/v. The essential signs including uterine contractions and fetal heart rate were monitored every half an hour. Results: 80 patients were included, with 56.3% of cases in Group-A group B has 43.7% cases being between the ages of 20-35 years. There was a significant improvement in the first stage of active labour ’mean duration in Groups A and B is 160.21±4.29 minutes and 203.77±8.21 minutes, respectively. Conclusion: The mean active length of the 1st stage of labour in the group of phloroglucinol was substantially shorter than in the drotaverine group

The Effect of Yophytta Exercise for Shortening the Second Stage of Labour in Primigravidas

The prolonged labor in the second stage has a dangerous effect on the fetus and mother. Yophytta exercise trains to regulate the breath during labor. In addition, the muscles are more elastic, which also makes it easier to deliver the baby process. The purpose of this study aims to investigate the effect of yophytta exercise on shortening the second stage of labor in primigravidas.

A prospective study to compare oral mifepristone and dinoprostone gel in induction of labour in primigravida

Induction of labour is defined as the process of artificially stimulating the uterus to start labour. Mifepristone is a synthetic steroid hormone analogue that has both antiprogesterone and antiglucocorticoid activities. It increases the sensitivity of the uterus to prostaglandins and facilitates labour. 2 Dinoprostone, is a naturally occurring prostagladin that is involved in promoting labour. The aim of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of oral mifepristone with dinoprostone gel in induction of labour in primigravidas. To compare the safety and efficacy of oral mifepristone with dinoprostone gel in induction of labour at term. This was a hospital based prospective study conducted from August 2019 to January 2021.Group 1 involved primigravida who were given oral 200mg Mifepristone on an inpatient and primigravida in Group II were instilled with Dinoprostone gel 0.5mg without mifepristone ripening and further assessment were done in both groups. Progress of labour was seen and further augmentation done with oxytocin whenever required. Majority of the patients were between 39-41 weeks which shows almost equal distribution in both the group. It was observed that there was significant improvement in the Bishop’s score after administrating Mifepristone to the patients which was proved statistically significant (<0.004). Most of the patients delivered vaginally and was observed that there was 28% reduction in LSCS in Group I which was highly significant with p value < 0.004. We concluded that Mifepristone is a safe and efficient agent for cervical ripening and for initiation of labour in term patients as it causes improvement in bishops score and increase in vaginal delivery.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PRIMIGRAVIDA WITH UNENGAGED V/S ENENGAGED HEAD AT ONSET OF LABOUR AT TERM IN THE DEPARTMENT OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, SMS MEDICAL COLLEGE, JAIPUR

Objective: The study was conducted to compare the outcome of labour between the unengaged and engaged head at the onset of labour at term in primigravidas. The aim was to determine the course of labour in between unengaged and engaged head in primigravida at term at the onset of labour and to study the maternal and neonatal outcome.
 Design: A prospective hospital-based comparative study.
 Methods: In this prospective comparative study, primigravida women at onset of labour at term who were admitted in labour room and satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. Group (I) study group included 110 primigravida at term with unengaged (at 37-41weeks) head at onset of labour and in Group (II) Control Group 110 primigravida at term with engaged (at 37-41weeks). Detailed clinical history, physical examination and investigation are reported. The duration of stages of labour and total duration of labour and its partographic analysis, need for Induction and augmentation of labour or surgical intervention, mode of delivery and fetomaternal outcome was recorded.
 Results: In Group I, 83.64% cases went into spontaneous labour while 90 % cases in Group II. 16.36% cases in group I and 10% cases in group II needed induction of labour with PGE2 gel. In group I, 68.18% required augmentation of labour compared to 33.63% in group II. Duration of 1st ,2nd stage of labour and total duration was more in group I as compare to group-II. Incidence of normal vaginal delivery and LSCS were 52.73%,32.73%respectivaly in group I while 71.82%,17.27% respectively in group II, the difference was statistically significant with p-value 0.011. Fetomaternal morbidity which was higher in group-I as compare to group-II was documented which was not statistically significant.
 Conclusion: The unengaged head in primigravida at the onset of labour at term can have normal vaginal delivery with appropriate induction and augmentation of labour and constant vigilance throughout the labour by partograph monitoring. Which can reduce primary caesarean delivery rate, maternal morbidity and healthcare expenditure in unengaged primigravida. Proper trial of labour in primigravida with unengaged head at term in the absence of cephalopelvic disproportion, vaginal delivery is possible with watchful expectancy with appropriate means of intervention.
 Keywords: Primigravida, Engaged, Unengaged, Lower segment caesarean section.

The Effect of Combination of Pelvic Rocking Exercise and Back Massage to Pain and Duration of Labor in Primigravidae

Background
 The combination of pelvic rocking exercise using a birth ball and back massage as non-pharmacological therapy needs to be investigated in relation to reducing pain and labor duration in primigravida mothers.
 
 Aim
 This study aims to determine the effect of a combination of pelvic rocking exercise using a birth ball and back massage on pain and labor duration in primigravida mothers. 
 
 Methods 
 The design of this study was quasy Experiment with the approach of non-equivalent control group 's. The research sample was 160 primigravida maternity mothers. The sample in the treatment group was given pelvic rocking intervention using a birth ball and back massage and the sample in the control group was given standard labor care such as touch, and taught labor positions that were in an upright position, providing encouragement and counseling. This research conducted in July–December 2020. 
 
 Results 
 Provided evidence that pelvic rocking using a birth ball and back massage offers safe, non-invasive treatment for pain management and duration during labor.
 
 Conclusion
 The results of this study provide an understanding that there is a significant effect of the combination of pelvic rocking exercise and back massage on pain and duration of labor in primigravida mothers.

The Effectiveness of Glucose and Honey Solution on the Duration of Second Stage of Labor in Primigravida

Background: According to WHO (2018) 8% of maternal deaths are caused by prolonged labor. The long duration of the second stage of labor is one of the factors that cause prolonged labor. For this reason, oral intake is recommended to meet the needs of the mother during labor. Giving glucose and honey as an oral alternative during labor was chosen because the time needed to become energy is relatively fast so that it can be given to mothers during labor and can provide oral intake for mothers in labor to accelerate the second stage and prevent prolonged labor.
 Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of giving glucose and honey solution on the duration of the second stage of labor in Midwife’s Independent Practice
 Methods: This research is a quantitative research using a quasi-experimental design research method. 30 respondents based on inclusion criteria were divided into two groups and intervened with a solution of glucose and honey. The duration of the second stage of labor was observed for each respondent and analyzed through the unpaired T-Test. Results: The results of the unpaired T statistic test obtained a p-value of 0.021 (p-value <0.05). There were differences in the duration of the second stage of labor in respondents who were given honey and glucose solution. The average duration of the second stage of labor in the treatment group that was given honey was 5.14 minutes shorter than the group given the glucose solution. Conclusion: There is a difference in the duration of the second stage of primigravida labor in pregnant women who are given honey and glucose solution. Giving honey is more effective in accelerating the duration of the second stage of labor in primigravida at PMB Palembang in 2021

The Effectiveness of Glucose and Honey Solution on the Duration of Second Stage of Labor in Primigravida

Background: According to WHO (2018) 8% of maternal deaths are caused by prolonged labor. The long duration of the second stage of labor is one of the factors that cause prolonged labor. For this reason, oral intake is recommended to meet the needs of the mother during labor. Giving glucose and honey as an oral alternative during labor was chosen because the time needed to become energy is relatively fast so that it can be given to mothers during labor and can provide oral intake for mothers in labor to accelerate the second stage and prevent prolonged labor.
 Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of giving glucose and honey solution on the duration of the second stage of labor in Midwife’s Independent Practice
 Methods: This research is a quantitative research using a quasi-experimental design research method. 30 respondents based on inclusion criteria were divided into two groups and intervened with a solution of glucose and honey. The duration of the second stage of labor was observed for each respondent and analyzed through the unpaired T-Test. Results: The results of the unpaired T statistic test obtained a p-value of 0.021 (p-value <0.05). There were differences in the duration of the second stage of labor in respondents who were given honey and glucose solution. The average duration of the second stage of labor in the treatment group that was given honey was 5.14 minutes shorter than the group given the glucose solution. Conclusion: There is a difference in the duration of the second stage of primigravida labor in pregnant women who are given honey and glucose solution. Giving honey is more effective in accelerating the duration of the second stage of labor in primigravida at PMB Palembang in 2021

The Effect of the Birthing Ball on Duration of the First Stage of Labour in Primigravida at Utama Barokah Clinic, Bandung City in 2021

Background: Labour and birth are physiological and normal events. The process is considered to be normal if it takes 37-42 weeks without any complications. Non-pharmacological methods to speed up the progress of labour include birthing ball exercises. The Birthing ball exercise is a technique to help the progress of labour that can be used during the first stage of labour. Until now, birthing balls are not widely known and not common, even though birthing balls are very effective in accelerating the birth process. The advantage of using the birthing ball is that it increases blood flow to the uterus, placenta and baby, and provides comfort for the knees and ankles. Purposes: The purpose of this study was to determine the average length of the first stage of labour in primigravida using a birthing ball and those not using a birthing ball and the effect of the birthing ball on the duration of the first stage of labour in primigravida. Method: This study uses a quasi-experimental method with a Randomized Two-Group design, Post-test only. This study was held at Utama Barokah Clinic, Bandung from June to July 2021. Result: The research sample was 30 respondents, primigravida during the first stage of labour with data analysis using the Mann Whitney test, and the p value <0.05 was obtained. Conclusion: There was a difference in the average length of the first stage of labour in primigravida using a birthing ball and those not using a birthing ball.